Mobile Car Research Articles

Energy harvesting by car-tire using piezoelectric polymer films blended with carbon-nanotubes

Energy harvesting through harnessing mobile cars is possible by combining mechanicals systems with advanced materials. Piezoelectric polymer blends with excellent mechanical properties facilitate energy harvesting using the car-tire as a source. Furthermore, by adding simplicity of preparation to the blends with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), an increase of energy conversion can lead to improved existing polyvinylidene fluoride/polymethylmethacrylate (PVDF/PMMA), films. This work focuses on investigating the best concentration of MWCNT to achieve car-tire energy harvesting as a sustainable and renewable energy option. The results show that 0.05 wt% of MWCNT is the best concentration among several values. A test set-up applying normal stress, simulating car-tire deformation indicated enhanced voltage generation. Compared to the energy consumption of combustion cars, the enriched films generate up to 4.3kWh. This energy is harvested over a car trip of 100 km. A higher nanotube concentration caused saturation of the blend film and poor output. The novel enriched polymer must be tested for resisting cyclic loads to encourage sustainable energy harvesting using car tires.

Methodology for the Implementation of Project Activities by Student Volunteers on Road Safety Using a Puzzle Mobile Car Park

Methodology for the Implementation of Project Activities by Student Volunteers on Road Safety Using a Puzzle Mobile Car Park

Consumer Perceptions and Intention to Recommend Mobile Car Markets: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Value

ABSTRACT The advent of COVID-19 led to a wave of Mobile Car Markets (MCMs) as the Zimbabwean government enforced localised restrictions on people’s movement. As a result, MCMs have become a permanent feature in the Zimbabwean marketing landscape over the last three years. However, little empirical research is known about this phenomenon. Considering this, the study examined the motivation behind consumers’ intention to recommend MCMs. A quantitative approach was adopted wherein data were collected using structured questionnaires. Data were collected from 250 respondents, conveniently selected from the high-density streets of Harare. The results, analysed using Structural Equation Modelling, revealed that perceived convenience and perceived compatibility had a significant positive impact on perceived value. Perceived convenience, perceived value and perceived compatibility had a significant effect on the intention to recommend. Further, the results also showed that perceived value did not mediate the relationship between perceived convenience and intention to recommend MCMs. However, perceived value mediated the relationship between perceived compatibility and the intention to recommend MCMs, These results offer important practical insights to marketing managers in highly informalised economies.

Anti-delay Kalman filter fusion algorithm for inter-vehicle sensor network with finite-step convergence

Intelligent vehicle applications in autonomous driving and obstacle avoidance commonly require the precise relative state of vehicles. Accordingly, this study focuses on the coordinate fusion of vehicle state problem experienced by an inter-vehicle sensor network with time-varying transmission delays. Using the ingeniously designed low-complexity integration with a consensus strategy and buffer technology, an anti-delay distributed Kalman filter (DKF) with finite-step convergence is proposed. By introducing an appropriate weight matrix to assess local estimates, the optimal fusion state result is available as a linear minimum variance. In addition, to accommodate practical engineering in intelligent vehicles, the communication weight coefficient and directed topology with unidirectional transmission are considered. From a theoretical perspective, the proof of error covariances’ upper bounds with different communication topologies with delays are presented. Furthermore, the maximum allowable delays of inter-vehicle sensor network are derived backwards. Simulations verify that while considering the various non-ideal factors presented above, the proposed DFK algorithm produces more accurate and robust fusion estimation state results than those of the existing algorithms, making it more valuable in practical applications. Moreover, a mobile car trajectory tracking experiment is conducted, which further verifies the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

Determination of the dynamics of the wheel of a mobile machine

A sensor, which consists of a three-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer, has been developed to determine the dynamics of the wheel of a mobile machine. The sensor is connected to a microcontroller, which transmits the received data via a 2.4 GHz channel. It is mounted coaxial to the center of the wheel. At the first processing stage, the accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer data values are adjusted. The corrected accelerations and angular velocities signal are processed using a Butterworth filter. Filter Madgwick determines the angles of orientation of the sensor in space. In the next step, we remove the centrifugal component from the accelerations. Next, the gravitational component is subtracted from the accelerations, and its real value is obtained. The speed of the wheel is obtained by integrating accelerations. The Kalman filter processes the angular velocities, acceleration, and velocities. The measurement noise covariance matrix and the evaluation process matrix are calculated based on sensor errors. The results of experimental studies of the proposed method and sensor for determining the wheel dynamics of mobile machines on tractors with a 4x4 wheel arrangement were carried out. The sensors were installed on all wheels of the tractor. The developed wheel dynamics sensor allows us to determine the slippage of the engines of a mobile machine. This method of determining slipping is entirely accurate and does not require intervention in the design of the machine. The determination of the speed of rotation of the wheels of a mobile machine is based on the determination of the angular speed of rotation, which is measured with a gyroscope and accelerometer located in the center of the wheel of a mobile machine. Keywords: sensor, dynamics, wheel, mobile car, filter.

A mobile car monitoring system as a supplementary tool for air quality monitoring in urban and rural environments: the case study from Poland

Living in healthy environment should be regarded as a primary human right and not a privilege rendered to chosen ones. For that reason, a national air monitoring grid should be as extensive as possible. Unfortunately, small towns and villages, which are also exposed to air pollution episodes are not commonly covered by monitoring grid. Fixed air monitoring systems have their limitations, which can be overcome by e.g., properly validated, reliable but cheaper mobile monitoring systems. The aim of this study was to assess the use of a car mobile PM10 monitoring system to study ambient air quality in rural communities surrounding Kraków, not covered by fixed monitoring grid. A monitoring dataset was collected during 6 winter car campaigns conducted between December 2021 and March 2022. Except for providing multiple monitoring data, the main goal pertain to methodological aspect of the mobile system, including its validation, indicating its advantages, limitations as well as providing recommendations for the future mobile studies. Our car mobile monitoring system was useful in identifying a local hot-spots with good spatial and temporal resolution, thus giving the local government decision-making tool for taking appropriate action in places not included in national monitoring grid.

Unlocking the Increase of Land and Building Tax Revenue in Bantul Regency

National development is an activity that continuously occurs and aims to improve human quality and social welfare; capital is needed to finance this process. One of the sources of capital in the implementation of development in Indonesia is the Rural-Urban Land and Building Tax, among the taxes collected from the community. This research discusses the obstacles to increasing land and building tax revenues. This research was conducted in the Bantul Regency. -Efforts to increase tax revenues include conducting PBB monitoring, innovating the Bantul LaPak application, holding the Bantul Tax Award event, and holding mobile car innovations. Among the programs mentioned above, the mobile car program is a program that plays a significant role in increasing land and building taxes in the Bantul Regency. With this mobile car, the services carried out can be closer to people who live far from the city where they live, called the ball pick-up system. In its development, the mobile car program can increase Land and Building Tax revenue from 2017 to 2019. Land and Building Tax revenue reached a predetermined target, where out of 933 hamlets in Bantul Regency, 777 hamlets have been served increase in revenue, namely in 2017 it increased by 78%, then in 2018 it became 82% or 36.5 billion in 2017, then experienced an increase in 2018 amounting to 39.3 billion, then in 2019 it reached 54.7 billion.

Simulation for Non-line-of-sight Collision Avoidance Warning System Based on 5G Mobile Car Communication Network

Simulation for Non-line-of-sight Collision Avoidance Warning System Based on 5G Mobile Car Communication Network

5G-Based Telerobotic Ultrasound System Improves Access to Breast Examination in Rural and Remote Areas: A Prospective and Two-Scenario Study.

Ultrasound (US) plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of breast diseases; however, effective breast US screening is lacking in rural and remote areas. To alleviate this issue, we prospectively evaluated the clinical availability of 5G-based telerobotic US technology for breast examinations in rural and remote areas. Between September 2020 and March 2021, 63 patients underwent conventional and telerobotic US examinations in a rural island (Scenario A), while 20 patients underwent telerobotic US examination in a mobile car located in a remote county (Scenario B) in May 2021. The safety, duration, US image quality, consistency, and acceptability of the 5G-based telerobotic US were assessed. In Scenario A, the average duration of the telerobotic US procedure was longer than that of conventional US (10.3 ± 3.3 min vs. 7.6 ± 3.0 min, p = 0.017), but their average imaging scores were similar (4.86 vs. 4.90, p = 0.159). Two cases of gynecomastia, one of lactation mastitis, and one of postoperative breast effusion were diagnosed and 32 nodules were detected using the two US methods. There was good interobserver agreement between the US features and BI-RADS categories of the identical nodules (ICC = 0.795-1.000). In Scenario B, breast nodules were detected in 65% of the patients using telerobotic US. Its average duration was 10.1 ± 2.3 min, and the average imaging score was 4.85. Overall, 90.4% of the patients were willing to choose telerobotic US in the future, and tele-sonologists were satisfied with 85.5% of the examinations. The 5G-based telerobotic US system is feasible for providing effective breast examinations in rural and remote areas.

Can We Predict the Roughness Index (IRI) of a Road Based on its Pavement Condition Index (PCI)?

Road damages might affect pavement condition which leads to reducing the remaining service life of the pavement. Two methods widely known to measure the pavement condition are among others: the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and the International Roughness Index (IRI). Both intended to measure the functional condition of the pavement. This study aims to show the relationship between PCI and IRI, hence the road roughness can be predicted from on-foot survey measurements. It will start by collecting the distress and its severity parameter as well as the roughness of 6 road sections using Hawkeye mobile car. The car is a complete modular system to measure roughness (using profilometer), capture images and measure the severity of the road distresses and else. The results show that the pavement condition of the 6 sections fall into the category of poor and above. While 44% of the segments are fair. The roughness conditions of all road sections are good or acceptable. The correlation analysis shows that the PCI cannot necessarily explain the IRI, even though both are used to express the functional condition of road pavements, because what Hawkeye measures for the two indices is different.

BOOK4WASH: Mobile car wash booking system

The need for car wash services nowadays is increasing since most car owners are too busy to wash their automobiles themselves. Nowadays, car wash facilities give numerous car wash or car detailing services such as foam washing, waxing, and polishing, which are handy for consumers. However, there are certain limits revealed that customers must queue up for a long period till their turn. During busy hours, clients could have to wait for a few hours, which wastes customers’ time. Besides, it is problematic for people living in apartments because there is no place for them to wash their cars. Other than that, most individuals are frightened to leave their homes because worried about the COVID-19 virus. Hence, the recommended solutions in this application can address the issues by integrating the booking system while being online. The Mobile Application Development Life Cycle (MADLC) has been used as a methodology for the entire research, including all phases except the deployment and maintenance phases. The purpose of this research is to make it more convenient for the user by providing door-to-door vehicle wash services at shopping malls, parking lots, places of employment, residential driveways, and other locations.

A self-balancing platform on a mobile car

<span lang="EN-US">In the last years, the self-balancing platform has become one of the most common candidates to use in many applications such as flight, biomedical fields, and industry. In this paper, the physical prototype of a proposed self-balancing platform that described the self-balancing attitude in the (X-axis, Y-axis, or biaxial) under the influence of road disturbance has been introduced. In the physical prototype, the inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor will sense the disturbance in (X-axis, Y-axis, and biaxial). With the determined error, the corresponding electronic circuit, DC servo motors, and the Arduino software, the platform overcame the tilt angle(disturbance). Optimization of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers’ coefficients by the genetic algorithm method effectively affected the performance of the platform, as the platform system is stable and the platform was able to compensate for the tilt angle in (X-axis, Y-axis, and both axes) and overcome the error in a time that does not exceed four seconds. Therefore, a proposed self-balancing platform’s physical prototype has a high balancing accuracy and meets operational requirements despite the platform’s simple design.</span>

Analysis Of Taxpayer Compliance With The Optimization Of Rural And Urban Land And Building Tax Revenue In Class A Jonggol Regional Tax UPT

<p><em>This study analyzes the taxpayer compliance of Land and Building Tax at the Jonggol Class A Regional Tax UPT 2017-2020. This think about points to decide the level of citizen compliance, to decide the factors and strategies used to optimize P2 PBB revenue. This consider utilized expressive subjective strategy. Information gotten by perception, interviews, writing, and documentation. Thelevelof taxpayers compliance oflandand buildingatthe Class A Jonggol Regional Tax UPT is included in the non-compliance criteria with a proportion of not more than 60% every year from 2017 to 2020. There are internal factors and external factors that affect Land and Building Tax revenue, such as economic conditions, taxpayer awareness of taxes, human resources for tax services, and others. To overcome these factors, several strategies were carried out such as mobile cars, online services, and others.</em></p>

The measurement of mean wind, variances, and covariances from an instrumented mobile car in a rural environment

Abstract. On 20 and 22 August 2019, a small tripod was outfitted with a sonic anemometer and placed in a highway shoulder to compare with measurements made on an instrumented car as it traveled past the tripod. The rural measurement site in this investigation was selected so that the instrumented car traveled past many upwind surface obstructions and experienced the occasional passing vehicle. To obtain an accurate mean wind speed and mean wind direction on a moving car, it is necessary to correct for flow distortion and remove the vehicle speed from the measured velocity component parallel to vehicle motion (for straight-line motion). In this study, the velocity variances and turbulent fluxes measured by the car are calculated using two approaches: (1) eddy covariance and (2) wavelet analysis. The results show that wavelet analysis can better resolve low frequency contributions, and this leads to a reduction in the horizontal velocity variances measured on the car, giving a better estimate for some measurement averages when compared to the tripod. A wavelet-based approach to remove the effects of sporadic passing traffic is developed and applied to a measurement period during which a heavy-duty truck passes in the opposite highway lane; removing the times with traffic in this measurement period gives a reduction of approximately 10 % in the turbulent kinetic energy. The vertical velocity variance and vertical turbulent heat flux measured on the car are biased low compared to the tripod. This low bias may be related to a mismatch in the flux footprint of the car versus the tripod or perhaps to rapid flow distortion at the measurement location on the car. When random measurement uncertainty is considered, the vertical momentum flux is found to be consistent with the tripod in the 95 % confidence interval and statistically different than 0 for most measurement periods.

Aiming Sustainable Transportation Utilizing Social Capital: A Perspective of Mobile Car Park App

The mobile car parking (MCP) app provides users to locate a car park and park his/her car, which is expected to contribute to sustainable transportation. Previous mobile phone-based studies have also advocated that mobile apps create a social network among the users. However, MCP studies have yet not addressed the notion of such social capital which is expected to contribute to the sustainable transportation in a city. MCP, in fact, can also create a communication network among car owners, drivers, and car park owners and offer a unique base for studying social capital and resource utilization opportunities. To reduce the gap in existing studies, in this study, an android-based MCP app was developed as a tool to study the components of social capital. After developing the MCP app, two focus group studies were conducted to explore the components an MCP app can provide. Lastly, we linked the social capital components to the sustainable transportation goals. This research pinpointed several social capital components that are addressable to sustainable transportation, including information exchange, communication, connectedness, time-saving capabilities, mobility, coordination, plan-based journeys, and an opportunity to generate income from the social network. Moreover, very few studies have reported that social capital empirically contributes to time-saving capabilities, mobility, sustainable transportation through improved coordination in car parking management, and improved journey based on car parking decisions which are new contributions to social capital. This research is significant, as most of the mobile-based social capital research concentrated on bonding, bridging, and networking among social network members. However, this research has expanded the components of social capital in many directions. Furthermore, from the research methodological perspective, this research adopts a new approach through a combination of experimental research and focus group study.

Innovative Technology for Clearing Detergent Solutions after Car Washing while Making Environmentally Friendly Managerial Decisions

This article outlines an innovative solution for clearing detergent solutions after car washing. Managerial decision-making process being environmentally friendly is based on experimental data. The focus of the research is the development of a mobile car wash and dryer with regeneration of detergent solutions, which ensures environmental safety. The calculation of the prevented damage from the discharge of detergent solutions after car washing into water bodies was carried out as a result of an effective environmental solution. The economic efficiency of the proposed introduction of a mobile car wash with the regeneration of detergent solutions is given.

Strategi KPU Solok Selatan untuk meningkatkan partisipasi memilih pada Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati tahun 2020

This study aims to find out how the strategy is carried out by the South Solok KPU to increase voter participation in the 2020 Regent and Deputy Regent elections. The election of the Head of Blood is the embodiment of Democracy at the regional level. The direct election of regional heads entered into the electoral regime after the 2004 elections with the enactment of Law No. 32 of 2004 on regional government, which stipulates that a regional head is directly elected by the people. Furthermore, participation in electing the community is the main factor in the success of the Regional Head Election. This participation is not only limited to quantity but also based on quality. For this reason, efforts to increase voter participation in terms of quantity and quality are important. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods and data collection techniques are in-depth interviews with research informants and study documentation. The informants of this study were the commissioners of the South Solok KPU and the KPPS officers for the 2020 Regional Head Elections. The location of this research was the South Solok KPU Office. The results obtained from this study are that the South Solok KPU strategy to increase voter participation in the 2020 Regent and Deputy Regent Elections is to conduct voter socialization and education to the public online, face to face and using mobile cars. Face-to-face socialization was carried out to 10 voter bases attended by a limited number of participants, and empowered Election Organizers to conduct socialization at their domicile. Online socialization is carried out using social media and other online applications, while socialization with mobile cars is carried out using a microphone installed in the car by inviting the public to exercise their right to vote on polling day.
 Keywords: Pilkada, Democracy, Participation

Wireless Low-Power Transfer for Galvanically Isolated High-Voltage Applications

For various applications, such as gate drivers for transistors, wireless chargers for mobile devices and cars, and isolated measurement equipment, an isolated DC power supply for electronic components is required. In this work, a new concept for an isolated power supply with insulation strength of 50 kV and power transmission of up to 60 W to supply measurement equipment with 12 or 24 V is presented. Furthermore, high overall efficiency of 82.5% at 55 W is achieved. Feasibility is demonstrated in a real application powering data acquisition electronics at high reference potential. Our new concept uses a coreless printed circuit board (PCB) transformer (15 cm × 10 cm × 4 cm and a weight of 480 g) designed for maximum efficiency via a coil layout and close proximity of adjacent coils on one PCB while reaching high isolation strength via the PCB material and potted coils. To increase efficiency, we investigated different coil geometries at different frequencies. A low-cost design consisting of two Qi charging coils mounted on one PCB is compared with our integrated PCB transformers manufactured from a four-layer PCB with ferrites applied on the outside. With this new design, high isolation voltages are possible while reaching high transformer efficiency of up to 90%.

Politisasi Agama pada Kampanye Pemenangan Eramas dalam Pilkada Sumatera Utara Tahun 2018

This paper aims to find out the process of politicizing religion carried out by the winning team for the Eramas candidate pair in the 2018 North Sumatra election campaign. The problem in this study aims at the purpose of this research is to see the process of politicizing religion and what patterns are contained in the politicization of religion during the 2018 North Sumatra election campaign. This research uses descriptive and qualitative methods, which focus on focusing on actual and reliable phenomena during the research period. The findings of this study are, the process of politicizing religion carried out by the Eramas winning team by approaching various Islamic religious leaders, carrying out major activities such as remembrance akbar in the Benteng Medan field by inviting famous clerics, running a mobile car program to clean mosques, to politicizing religion. in the Eramas Campaign which was proven by the use of the issue of "not electing infidel leaders" and carrying out the morning congregational movement in the mosque related to Muslims. This study aims to analyze the process of politicizing religion carried out by the winning team for the Eramas pair in the 2018 North Sumatra election campaign, both in the form of politicizing their religion and the responses of related parties in responding to the politicization of religious candidates.

Selection of a method for calculating heat gain from solar radiation to determine the load on the climate system of the cabin of a mobile car

Introduction. The article analyzes and selects the most rational methods for calculating the heat gain from solar radiation. The correct calculation of this component of the heat balance allows you to correctly determine the power of the projected cabin climate system, which will ensure optimal working conditions at the workplace of mobile car operators.
 Problem Statement. The objective of this study is to analyze and select a rational method for calculating heat gain from solar radiation for the correct determination of the thermal load on the climate system of the cabin of a mobile car.
 Theoretical Part. To implement the task, the most common methods for calculating solar radiation were described and analyzed in detail and the most accurate ones were recommended.
 Conclusions. The more labor-intensive method of V.N. Bogoslovskiy (taking into account the time of day) can be recommended for automated calculations in Excel, and the method of P.Y. Gamburg (taking into account the sides of the horizon) — for comparative estimated engineering calculations. When conducting "in-depth" model calculations and accounting for solar radiation, the ASHRAE method is explicitly suitable, which has two important advantages: it takes into account the solar factor in relation to a specific type of glazing and is adapted for automated calculations in ANSYS FLUENT.