Mo Samples Research Articles

Temporal scale of field experiments in benthic ecology

Table S1. Summary of the 352 studies extracted from 293 publications from the Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Ecology, Oecologia and Oikos over the period 1980 to 2013. Repetition of a reference indicates two separate studies were extracted from a single publication. Pulse experiments were defined as those receiving a one-off perturbation, generally of much shorter duration than the experiment itself. Press studies were defined as those receiving ongoing perturbations over the duration of the experiment. CE refers to controlled experimental studies; NE refers to natural experimental studies. Reference Habitat Press/ pulse Controlled/ natural experiment Experimental duration (mo) Sampling interval (mo)

Physico-chemical characterization of activated carbon–metal oxide photocatalysts by immersion calorimetry in benzene and water

From a commercial activated carbon (AC) and Al3+, Fe3+, Zn2+, SnCl2, TiO2 and WO 4 2− in water, three series of AC–metal (hydr)oxide (MO) samples prepared by wet impregnation in two successive steps of soaking at 80 °C and oven-drying at 120 °C (S1) and subsequent heat treatment at 200 (S2) or 850 °C (S3) were characterized texturally by N2 adsorption at −196 °C and by immersion calorimetry in benzene and water. The mass changes associated with the preparation of the samples are usually stronger for S1 and S3 than for S2. The incorporation of MO to AC causes a greater decrease in the micropore volume and pore narrowing only for the SnCl2-impregnated sample. The opposite effects on the microporous structure are noted for most S2 and S3, as compared to S1. For AC, −∆i H(C6H6) is 114.0 J g−1 and −∆i H(H2O) is 30.5 J g−1. For the AC–MO samples, −∆i H(C6H6) and S tot(C6H6) are generally lower than for AC and vary by S3 > S2 > S1. However, −∆i H(H2O), S tot(H2O) and [O] are usually lower for S3. S tot(C6H6) is higher for the samples prepared using the metal ions. The results of immersion calorimetry for AC and AC–MO samples provide one with valuable information concerning the dependence of the hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of the samples on the method used in their preparation.

Computer modeling of angular emission from Ag(100) and Mo(100) surfaces due to Arn cluster bombardment

Molecular dynamics computer simulations are employed to investigate the effect of projectile size and surface morphology on the angular emission stimulated by impact of Ar gas cluster projectiles. Argon clusters of sizes n = 10–1000 and kinetic energies of 10 and 20 keV Arn aimed at normal incidence are used to sputter Ag(100) and Mo(100) samples. The total sputtering yield is larger for Ag(100) than for Mo(100). The ratio of sputtering yields is inversely proportional to the ratio of sublimation energies of these solids for projectiles between Ar20 and Ar250. In both systems, the angular distributions are sensitive to both the projectile size and the surface roughness. The maximum of angular spectra shifts from direction normal to the surface toward off-normal direction with the increase in the projectile size. An opposite trend is observed with the increase in the surface roughness. Formation of a cloud composed of projectile atoms and the enhanced lateral material relocation caused by projectile lateral expansion upon impact are the main factors responsible for promoting off-normal ejection. On the other hand, material ejection from randomly inclined surface areas and the influence of nearby topography are found to be responsible for enhancing ejection along the surface normal for rough surfaces.

Structural response of transient heat loading on a molybdenum surface exposed to low-energy helium ion irradiation

The advancement of fusion reactor engineering is currently inhibited by the lack of knowledge surrounding the stability of plasma facing components (PFCs) in a tokamak environment. During normal operation, events of high heat loading occur periodically where large amounts of energy are imparted onto the PFC surface. Concurrently, irradiation by low-energy helium ions present in the fusion plasma can result in the synthesis of a fibre form nanostructure on the PFC surface, called ‘fuzz’. In order to understand how this heterogeneous structure evolves and deforms in response to transient heat loading, a pulsed Nd:YAG millisecond laser is used to simulate these events on a fuzz form molybdenum (Mo) surface. Performance was analysed by three metrics: nanostructure evolution, particle emission, and improvement in optical properties. Experiments performed at the upper end of the expected range for type-I edge-localized modes (ELMs) found that the helium-induced nanostructure completely disappears after 200 pulses of the laser at 1.5 MJ m−2. In situ mass loss measurements found that the amount of particles leaving the surface increases as energy density increases and the rate of emission increases with pulse count. Finally, optical properties assisted in providing a qualitative indication of fuzz density on the Mo surface; after 400 pulses at 1.5 MJ m−2, the optical reflectivity of the damaged surface is ~90% of that of a mirror polished Mo sample. These findings provide different results than previous studies done with tungsten (W), and further help illustrate the complicated nature of how transient events of high heat loading in a tokamak environment might impact the performance and lifetime of PFCs in ITER and future DEMO devices (Ueda et al 2014 Fusion Eng. Des. 89 901–6).

Measurements of deuterium retention and surface elemental composition with double pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Estimating the tritium amount retained in the plasma facing components and their surface layer composition is of crucial importance for ITER. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical technique suitable for in situ measurements of both these quantities. For improving its sensitivity, the double pulse (DP) variant can be used, instead of the standard single pulse (SP). In this work Mo samples coated with 1.5–1.8 μm thick W–Al (as a proxy for Be) mixed layer, with co-deposited deuterium were analyzed under vacuum (∼5 × 10−5 mbar) by SP and DP LIBS, showing enhancement of the spectral intensity for the latter. Calibration free method was applied to the LIBS data for getting the elemental concentration of W and Al. Results are in satisfactory agreement with those obtained from preliminary, ion beam analysis measurements. Deuterium concentration was tentatively estimated by accounting for the intensity ratio between Dα and nearby WI lines.

Steady-state low thermal resistance characterization apparatus: The bulk thermal tester.

The reliability of microelectronic devices is largely dependent on electronic packaging, which includes heat removal. The appropriate packaging design therefore necessitates precise knowledge of the relevant material properties, including thermal resistance and thermal conductivity. Thin materials and high conductivity layers make their thermal characterization challenging. A steady state measurement technique is presented and evaluated with the purpose to characterize samples with a thermal resistance below 100 mm(2) K/W. It is based on the heat flow meter bar approach made up by two copper blocks and relies exclusively on temperature measurements from thermocouples. The importance of thermocouple calibration is emphasized in order to obtain accurate temperature readings. An in depth error analysis, based on Gaussian error propagation, is carried out. An error sensitivity analysis highlights the importance of the precise knowledge of the thermal interface materials required for the measurements. Reference measurements on Mo samples reveal a measurement uncertainty in the range of 5% and most accurate measurements are obtained at high heat fluxes. Measurement techniques for homogeneous bulk samples, layered materials, and protruding cavity samples are discussed. Ultimately, a comprehensive overview of a steady state thermal characterization technique is provided, evaluating the accuracy of sample measurements with thermal resistances well below state of the art setups. Accurate characterization of materials used in heat removal applications, such as electronic packaging, will enable more efficient designs and ultimately contribute to energy savings.

Groundwater Molybdenum from Emerging Industries in Taiwan

This study determined the influence of emerging industries development on molybdenum (Mo) groundwater contamination. A total of 537 groundwater samples were collected for Mo determination, including 295 samples from potentially contaminated areas of 3 industrial parks in Taiwan and 242 samples from non-potentially contaminated areas during 2008-2014. Most of the high Mo samples are located downstream from a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) panel factory. Mean groundwater Mo concentrations from potentially contaminated areas (0.0058mg/L) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those from non-potentially contaminated areas (0.0022mg/L). The highest Mo wastewater concentrations in the effluent from the optoelectronics industry and following wastewater batch treatment were 0.788 and 0.0326mg/L, respectively. This indicates that wastewater containing Mo is a possible source of both groundwater and surface water contamination. Nine samples of groundwater exceed the World Health Organization's suggested drinking water guideline of 0.07mg/L. A non-carcinogenic risk assessment for Mo in adults and children using the Mo concentration of 0.07mg/L yielded risks of 0.546 and 0.215, respectively. These results indicate the importance of the development of a national drinking water quality standard for Mo in Taiwan to ensure safe groundwater for use. According to the human health risk calculation, the groundwater Mo standard is suggested as 0.07mg/L. Reduction the discharge of Mo-contaminated wastewater from factories in the industrial parks is also the important task in the future.

Study on the Preparation and High Temperature Oxidation Resistance of Mo(Si,Al)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Layer on the Mo Surface

A layer of Mo (Si,Al)2 was prepared on the sample surface of Mo substrate by powder coating method using Al-Si mixed powder and then diffusion reaction in argon atmosphere at 900°C. The results of oxidation resistance showed that the Mo samples coated with the Mo (Si,Al)2 layer had an excellent oxidation resistance in air even at 1200°C. The reason of oxidation resistance is the formation of a dense alumina film on the sample surface. Therefore, the further oxidization of the sample can be prevented. In addition, The formation of Mo5(Si,Al)3 layer was also observed at the interface between the Mo substrate and the Mo (Si,Al)2 layer.

Improvement of solar absorbing property of Ni–Mo based thermal spray coatings by laser surface treatment

Ni–Mo and Ni–Mo–Co high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) sprayed coatings were treated by Nd:YAG laser source, for the purpose of improving the solar absorbing effect. The coatings after laser treatment showed increment on solar absorptance (α) as the Ni–Mo sample increased from 0.84 to 0.88 and Ni–Mo–Co sample from 0.75 to 0.83. To elucidate the mechanisms for the improvement, microstructures of the coatings before and after laser treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The results demonstrated that the enhanced α was attributed to multiple mechanisms including the decrease in nickel oxide content, the increase in metallic volume fraction, the reduction of micro-defects as well as the greater surface roughness.

3D-imaging of selective laser melting defects in a Co–Cr–Mo alloy by synchrotron radiation micro-CT

Microstructure defects set the mechanical property limits for solid Co–Cr–Mo alloy prepared by selective laser melting (SLM). Previous studies were mainly based on 2D SEM images and thus not able to provide information of the 3D morphologies of the complex defects. In this paper, the remaining porosities in Co–Cr–Mo alloy parts prepared by selective laser melting were presented in relation to the laser processing parameters. In order to understand the defect forming mechanism, accurate 3D images of defects inside SLM fabricated Co–Cr–Mo samples were provided by synchrotron radiation micro-CT imaging of 300μm thick slices cut from a 10mm cube. With 3D reconstructed images distinctive morphologies of SLM defects spanning across the consolidated powder layers were generated. The faults can be classified as single layer or multi-layers defects. The accidental single layer defects form as gaps between adjacent laser melt tracks or melt track discontinuousness caused by inherent fluid instability under various disturbances. The first formed single layer defect generates often a multi-layer defect spanning for 2–3 subsequent powder layers. By stabilizing the melt pool flow and by reducing the surface roughness through adjusting processing parameters it appears possible to reduce the defect concentrations.

Tailoring molybdenum nanostructure evolution by low-energy He+ ion irradiation

Mirror-finished polished molybdenum (Mo) samples were irradiated with 100eV He+ ions as a function of ion fluence (using a constant flux of 7.2×1020ionsm−2s−1) at normal incidence and at 923K. Mo surface deterioration and nanoscopic fiber-form filament (“Mo fuzz”) growth evolution were monitored by using field emission (FE) scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopy studies. Those studies confirm a reasonably clean and flat surface, up to several micrometer scales along with a few mechanical-polishing-induced scratches. However, He+ ion irradiation deteriorates the surface significantly even at 2.1×1023ionsm−2 fluence (about 5min. irradiation time) and leads to evolution of homogeneously populated ∼75-nm-long Mo nanograins having ∼8nm intergrain width. The primary stages of Mo fuzz growth, i.e., elongated half-cylindrical ∼70nm nanoplatelets, and encapsulated bubbles of 20–45nm in diameter and preferably within the grain boundaries of sub-micron-sized grains, were observed after 1.3×1024ionsm−2 fluence irradiation. Additionally, a sequential enhancement in the sharpness, density, and protrusions of Mo fuzz at the surface with ion fluence was also observed. Fluence- and flux-dependent studies have also been performed at 1223K target temperature (beyond the temperature window for Mo fuzz formation). At a constant fluence of 2.6×1024ionsm−2, 7.2×1020ionsm−2s−1 flux generates a homogeneous layered and stacked nanodiscs of ∼70nm diameter. On the other hand, 1.2×1021ionsm−2s−1 flux generates a combination of randomly patched netlike nanomatrix networked structure, mostly with ∼105nm nanostructure wall width, various-shaped pores, and self-organized nano arrays. While the observed netlike nanomatrix network structures for 8.6×1024ionsm−2 fluence (at a constant flux of 1.2×1021ionsm−2s−1) is quite similar to those for 2.6×1024ionsm−2 fluence, the nanostructure wall width extends up to ∼45nm more and has a quite different nanostructured surface. Ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies show a sequential reduction in at.% of Mo 3d doublets with fluence, leading to the complete depletion of 2.6×1024ionsm−2 at 973K. For 2.6×1024ionsm−2 fluence irradiation at 973K, only MoO3 3d doublets were observed. However, the Mo 3d doublets reappear at 1273K irradiation, where a variety of nanostructures were observed with relatively much lower density than that of Mo fuzz. As in the microscopy studies, the reflectivity measurements also show a sequential reduction with ion fluence, leading to almost zero reflectivity value for fully grown fuzzy structures. The study is significant in the understanding of fuzz formation on high-Z refractory metals for fusion applications; in addition, the observed MoO3 fuzz has potential application in solar power concentration technology and in water splitting for hydrogen production.

Bacterial enteritis in ostrich (Struthio Camelus) chicks in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Ostrich (Struthio camelus) chicks less than 3 mo age are observed to experience a high mortality rate that is often associated with enteritis. This study was undertaken to investigate the infectious bacteria implicated in ostrich chick enteritis. Postmortems were performed on 122 ostrich chicks aged from 1 d to 3 mo and intestinal samples were subjected to bacterial culture. Bacterial isolates were typed by PCR and serotyping. Escherichia coli (E. coli; 49%) was the most frequently isolated from the samples followed by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens; 20%), Enterococcus spp. (16%), and Salmonella spp. (7%). Of the E. coli, 39% were categorized as enteropathogenic E. coli, 4% enterotoxigenic E. coli, and no enterohaemorrhagic E. coli were found. The majority (93%) of C. perfringens was Type A and only 7% was Type E. C. perfringens Types B through D were not present. The netB gene that encodes NetB toxin was identified from 16% of the C. perfringens isolated. All the C. perfringens Type E harbored the netB gene and just 10% of the C. perfringens Type A had this gene. Three Salmonella serotypes were identified: Salmonella Muenchen (S. Muenchen; 80%), S. Hayindongo (13%), and S. Othmarschen (7%). The indication is that the cause of enteritis in ostrich chicks is bacterial-involving: enteropathogenic E. coli and enterotoxigenic E. coli; C. perfringens Types A and E (with the possible influence of netB gene); and S. Muenchen, S. Hayindongo, and S. Othmarschen.

Prevention of electron field emission from molybdenum substrates for photocathodes by the native oxide layer

Comprehensive investigations of the electron field emission (FE) properties of annealed single crystal and polycrystalline molybdenum plugs, which are used as substrates for actual alkali-based photocathodes were performed with a FE scanning microscope. Well-polished and dry-ice cleaned Mo samples with native oxide did not show parasitic FE up to a field level of 50 MV/m required for photoinjector cavities. In situ heat treatments (HT) above 400 °C, which are usual before photocathode deposition, activated field emission at lower field strength. Oxygen loading into the Mo surface, however, partially weakened these emitters. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of comparable Mo samples showed the dissolution of the native oxide during such heat treatments. These results reveal the suppression of field emission by native Mo oxides. Possible improvements for the photocathode preparation will be discussed.

Temperature dependent surface modification of molybdenum due to low energy He+ ion irradiation

In this paper, we report on the temperature dependent surface modifications in molybdenum (Mo) samples due to 100eV He+ ion irradiation in extreme conditions as a potential candidate to plasma-facing components in fusion devices alternative to tungsten. The Mo samples were irradiated at normal incidence, using an ion fluence of 2.6×1024ionsm−2 (with a flux of 7.2×1020ionsm−2s−1). Surface modifications have been studied using high-resolution field emission scanning electron-(SEM) and atomic force (AFM) microscopy. At 773K target temperature homogeneous evolution of molybdenum nanograins on the entire Mo surface were observed. However, at 823K target temperature appearance of nano-pores and pin-holes nearby the grain boundaries, and Mo fuzz in patches were observed. The fuzz density increases significantly with target temperatures and continued until 973K. However, at target temperatures beyond 973K, counterintuitively, a sequential reduction in the fuzz density has been seen till 1073K temperatures. At 1173K and above temperatures, only molybdenum nano structures were observed. Our temperature dependent studies confirm a clear temperature widow, 823–1073K, for Mo fuzz formation. Ex-situ high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies on Mo fuzzy samples show the evidence of MoO3 3d doublets. This elucidates that almost all the Mo fuzz were oxidized during open air exposure and are thick enough as well. Likewise the microscopy studies, the optical reflectivity measurements also show a sequential reduction in the reflectivity values (i.e., enhancement in the fuzz density) up to 973K and after then a sequential enhancement in the reflectivity values (i.e., reduction in the fuzz density) with target temperatures. This is in well agreement with microscopy studies where we observed clear temperature window for Mo fuzz growth.

Structural and magnetic relaxations of mechanically alloyed Fe–Mo

The Fe–Mo sample mechanically alloyed for 250 h under air atmosphere was exposed to a series of isothermal and isochronal treatments with the aim to follow changes in the structure and magnetic properties regarding relaxations of strains and defects and stability of chemical composition. For this purpose x-ray diffraction, positron annihilation, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and Mössbauer spectrometry were applied and supplemented by magnetic measurements. The temperatures for the magnetic studies were selected from the thermomagnetic curve of the as-prepared sample. The time interval of isothermal treatments was chosen from 0–300 min.The Mo content in the bcc-Fe(Mo) phase has substantially exceeded the equilibrium solubility limit but it has been found to decrease under the thermal treatment which was reflected by decreasing lattice parameters. The small crystallite size of approximately 10 nm in the initial state starts to grow only after a certain amount of strains induced by severe deformation, due to mechanical alloying being released. This was also reflected in the magnetic parameters. From their time dependences at selected temperatures the characteristic relaxation times were obtained and used for a calculation of the activation enthalpy of relaxation processes.

Comparative in vitro intestinal digestion of 1,3-diglyceride and 1-monoglyceride rich oils and their mixtures

Intestinal in vitro digestion of 1,3-diolein (DO), 1-monoolein (MO), DO:MO (1:1) rich oils, and triolein (TO), was performed to study the rate and extent of hydrolysis as well as their bioaccessibility in detail, with special emphasis on 1,3-DO and 1-MO forms, as potential bioactive lipids with additional technological functions such as self-emulsifying lipids. The importance of in vitro conditions on non-desirable acylmigration was also shown.The rate of in vitro intestinal lipolysis was in increasing order TO<DO<DO:MO<MO. At the end of digestion, DO:MO was hydrolyzed to absorbable products at the same level than the MO sample. The degree of lipolysis positively correlated with the level of 1-MG and negatively with the level of 2-MG. Either DO, MO or DO:MO produced higher level of 1-MG than TO. DO:MO produced the highest level of 1-MG and a high ratio of 1-MG to 2-MG.Most hydrolysis products (>95%) of DO, MO and DO:MO were found within the micellar phase fraction during digestion, suggesting a high bioaccessibility. A positive correlation between the degree of lipolysis and the number of mixed micelles formed at the end of digestion was found.As summary, the obtained results would enhance the selection of glycerides to formulate ingredients with different purposes. Thus, in case a final high level of 1-MO would be desired to take advantage of the bioactivity of 1-MO, oils under the form of DO or DO:MO might be superior to MO. In case a high 1-MO level together with a low 2-MO level would be desired at the same time, mixtures of DO:MO or MO would be preferred. In case a higher self-emulsifying ability would be desired, the preferred forms would be MO and DO:MO. Finally, in case all the potential functionalities would be desired at the same time, namely the highest bioactivity, together with a high self-emulsifying ability, the mixture DO:MO might be suggested as an interesting product, with the additional economical advantage.

Fabrication of Mo pyramidal-shape single atom tips covered by a noble metal

• Provide another option for a material to produce single atom tips. • Selecting an oxide that is easier to remove from the surface of the metal is important in the manufacture of single-atom tips. • The single atom tips will have a self-assembled formation after annealing the Mo tips covered by noble metal. • There are two types of pyramidal structures formed on Mo (1 1 1) facets. The effect of annealing temperature on the faceting phenomena has been studied for pure molybdenum (Mo) and Mo tips covered with palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), rhodium (Rh), or iridium (Ir) by field ion microscopy (FIM). For these Mo samples, three {2 1 1} facets were found to expand to {1 1 1} facets and form pyramidal structures after annealing at the temperature of 1100–1300 K. The pyramidal single atom tips (SATs) were formed on Pd-, Pt- and Rh-covered Mo tips. Two types of pyramidal structure, stacked by either 1, 3, 10 or 1, 6, 15 atoms for the top three layers were found. However, no SATs were found on pure Mo and Ir-covered tips. This indicates that noble metal adsorption, which can increase the difference of surface-free-energy anisotropy, indeed benefits the formation of SATs on Mo systems. Additionally, an SAT cannot be obtained for the Ir-covered Mo systems, because Ir is easily alloyed with Mo.

Effect of contact material on amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistor characteristics

Amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) having several metals, namely Ag, Ti, and Mo, as the source and drain electrodes were characterized. TFTs with Ti and Mo electrodes showed drain current–gate voltage characteristics without fluctuation. However, TFTs with Ag electrodes indicated a low noisy on-state current at a large channel length under a low drain–source voltage condition. The source and drain resistances [Rs/d (Ω)] of the TFTs with each of the three metals were calculated from the IDS–VGS characteristics. The Rs/d values of the Ag, Ti, and Mo samples reached 4 × 104, 2 × 104, and 1 × 104 Ω, respectively. This implies that a spatial potential barrier exists at the a-IGZO/Ag interface and that the resistance of the potential barrier changes with the application of gate voltage.

Helicobacter pylori infection does not promote hepatocellular cancer in a transgenic mouse model of hepatitis C virus pathogenesis

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infect millions of people and can induce cancer. We investigated if H. pylori infection promoted HCV-associated liver cancer. Helicobacter-free C3B6F1 wild-type (WT) and C3B6F1-Tg(Alb1-HCVN)35Sml (HT) male and female mice were orally inoculated with H. pylori SS1 or sterile media. Mice were euthanized at ~12 mo postinoculation and samples were collected for analyses. There were no significant differences in hepatocellular tumor promotion between WT and HT mice; however, HT female mice developed significantly larger livers with more hepatic steatosis than WT female mice. H. pylori did not colonize the liver nor promote hepatocellular tumors in WT or HT mice. In the stomach, H. pylori induced more corpus lesions in WT and HT female mice than in WT and HT male mice, respectively. The increased corpus pathology in WT and HT female mice was associated with decreased gastric H. pylori colonization, increased gastric and hepatic interferon gamma expression, and increased serum Th1 immune responses against H. pylori. HT male mice appeared to be protected from H. pylori-induced corpus lesions. Furthermore, during gastric H. pylori infection, HT male mice were protected from gastric antral lesions and hepatic steatosis relative to WT male mice and these effects were associated with increased serum TNF-α. Our findings indicate that H. pylori is a gastric pathogen that does not promote hepatocellular cancer and suggest that the HCV transgene is associated with amelioration of specific liver and gastric lesions observed during concurrent H. pylori infection in mice.

Effects of post-aging cooling condition on structure and tensile properties of aged Ti–7.5Mo alloy

The present study investigated the effects of post-aging cooling condition on tensile properties of an aged Ti–7.5 wt% Mo alloy. Experimental results indicated that the solution-treated (ST) Ti–7.5Mo samples were comprised substantially of α″ phase, while all aged samples demonstrated the co-existence of α′ and β phases therein. The relative amount of β phase retained in the aged alloy was found sensitive to post-aging cooling condition. Water-quenched (WQ) alloy had the highest β phase content, while furnace-cooled (FC) alloy had the lowest β phase content. The Mo concentration in β phase was also sensitive to post-aging cooling condition. The average Mo concentration in β phase was found highest in FC samples and lowest in WQ samples. Compared to ST samples, all aged samples demonstrated significant increases in yield strength and modulus values, along with decreases in elongation. The effect of post-aging cooling condition on microhardness was similar to that on strength.