Mn Fe2O4 Research Articles

Engineering Oxygen-Irrelevant Radical Nanogenerator for Hypoxia-Independent Magnetothermodynamic Tumor Nanotherapy.

Tumor hypoxia substantially lowers the treatment efficacy of oxygen-relevant therapeutic modalities because the production of reactive oxygen species in oxygen-relevant anticancer modalities is highly dependent on oxygen level in tumor tissues. Here a distinctive magnetothermodynamic anticancer strategy is developed that takes the advantage of oxygen-irrelevant free radicals produced from magnetothermal decomposable initiators for inducing cancer-cell apoptosis in vitro and tumor suppression in vivo. Free-radical nanogenerator is constructed through in situ engineering of a mesoporous silica coating on the surface of superparamagnetic Mn and Co-doped nanoparticles (MnFe2 O4 @CoFe2 O4 , denoted as Mag) toward multifunctionality, where mesoporous structure provides reservoirs for efficient loading of initiators and the Mag core serves as in situ heat source under alternating magnetic field (AMF) actuation. Upon exposure to an exogenous AMF, the magnetic hyperthermia effect of superparamagnetic core lead to the rapid decomposition of the loaded/delivered initiators (AIPH) to produce oxygen-irrelevant free radicals. Both the magnetothermal effect and generation of toxic free radicals under AMF actuation are synergistically effective in promoting cancer-cell death and tumor suppression in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The prominent therapeutic efficacy of this radical nanogenerator represents an intriguing paradigm of oxygen-irrelevant nanoplatform for AMF-initiated synergistic cancer treatment.

Fabrication of MnFe2O4 and Ni: MnFe2O4 nanoparticles for ammonia gas sensor application

Manganese ferrites (MnFe2O4) and three different weight percentage of nickel doped manganese ferrites (Ni: MnFe2O4) was prepared through a chemical co-precipitation method. The crystal structure, crystallite size, and phase of the prepared materials are determined by X-Ray Diffraction technique (XRD). The average crystallite size was calculated to be 44 nm, 42 nm, 37 nm, and 35 nm for MnFe2O4, Ni1%Mn(x−1%) Fe2O4, Ni3%Mn(x−3%)Fe2O4, and Ni5%Mn(x−5%)Fe2O4, respectively. Fourier Transforms Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique is used to study the functional groups present in the prepared materials. Surface morphology and elemental compositions of the synthesized nanoparticles were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The gas sensing property of the prepared materials was studied with different ppm of ammonia gas (NH3), and the respective response and recovery time was calculated.

Synthesis of manganese doped β-FeOOH and MnFe2O4 nanorods for enhanced drug delivery and hyperthermia application.

Preparation of manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanorods by the reduction of akaganeite seeds in the presence of oleylamine is reported. The Mn-doped β-FeOOH akaganeite seeds have been processed by the hydrolysis of metal-chloride salts in the presence of polyethylenimine (PEI) surfactant. The hydrophobic oleylamine capped nanorods are made hydrophilic using trisodium citrate as a phase transferring agent. The nanorods form with an aspect ratio of 5.47 and possess a high magnetisation value of 69 emu/g at an applied magnetic field of 1.5 T. The colloidal water dispersion of nanorods exhibits superior heating efficiency by the application of alternating magnetic field (AMF). A specific absorption rate value of 798 W/g is achieved at an applied AMF of field strength 500 Oe and frequency 316 kHz. Further, the citrate functionalised nanorods are capable of attaching with doxorubicin (DOX) electrostatically with a loading efficiency of 97% and the drug release is pH responsive. The DOX loaded nanorods show a promising effect on the apoptosis of MCF-7 as experimented in vitro.

Hollow Porous MnFe2 O4 Sphere Grown on Elm-Money-Derived Biochar towards Energy-Saving Full Water Electrolysis.

The development of inexpensive and efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts is significant for widespread practical applications of overall water splitting technology. Herein, a one-pot solvothermal method is used to prepare hollow porous MnFe2 O4 spheres, which are grown on natural-abundant elm-money-derived biochar material to construct MnFe2 O4 /BC composite. When the overpotential is 156 mV for both the oxygen evolution reaction and the hydrogen evolution reaction, the current density reaches up to 10 mA cm-2 , and its duration is 10 h. At 1.51 V, the overall water decomposition current density of 10 mA cm-2 can be obtained in 1 m KOH. This work proves that elm-money-derived biochar is a valid substrate for growing hollow porous spheres. MnFe2 O4 /BC give a promising general strategy for preparing the effective and stable bifunctional catalysis that can be expand to multiple transition metal oxide.

Observation of morphology resembling Hydrangea macrophylla flower in SILAR-deposited MFe2O4 (M=Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+) nanocrystallites: synergetic effect on electrochemical performance

The successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) experimental process has been used to develop a high-efficiency electrode of MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Co and Mn) on substrates at ambient temperature. Structural, morphological and electrochemical properties have been investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electrochemical test station, respectively. A morphology resembling the Hydrangea macrophylla flower has been observed and tuned with varying Fe concentration. The formation of MFe2O4 demonstrates the efficient electrochemical behavior and the specific capacitance has been evaluated as ∼1380, ∼972 and ∼815 Fg−1 for CoFe2O4 (CF), NiFe2O4 (NF) and MnFe2O4 (MF), respectively, at a current density of 1 Ag−1. Also, the developed electrodes maintain excellent cyclic retention of ∼92%, ∼89% and ∼86% for CF, NF, and MF, respectively, up to 5000 cycles. Further, asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor (ASC) devices have been fabricated using the best compositions of MFe2O4 as a positive electrode and carbon black (CB) as a negative electrode, and successfully illuminate a 1.8 V commercial LED.

Fabrication, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Pure-Phase BiFeO₃ and MnFe₂O₄ Nanoparticles and their Nanocomposites

We fabricated pure-phase BiFeO₃ (BFO) and MnFe₂O₄ (MFO) nanoparticles as well as their nanocomposites (BMFO), and then we studied their structures and magnetic properties. Pristine BFO nanoparticles of 93.3 nm average diameter were successfully synthesized using the sol-gel method by varying the solvent condition and the precursor amount. Pristine MFO nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 70.5 nm were synthesized using the co-precipitation method entailing the optimization of the preheating and aging steps. The fabricated MFO nanoparticles showed mostly nanospheres with few nanocubes. The nanocomposite samples of 50 % MFO and 50 % BFO were fabricated through grinding and pelletization, followed by sintering under an inert atmosphere. The crystal structures of the pristine materials in the nanocomposites were well preserved. The magnetization values (Ms) of the BFO, MFO, and BMFO were 4.9, 52, and 33 emu/g, respectively. This latter Ms value was significantly higher than that of BFO, owing to the coexistence of FeSUP2+/SUP and FeSUP3+/SUP in its BFO phase and the incorporation of magnetic MFO. Two synthesis methods and material properties including the structural, morphological, magnetic, and oxidation states of the BFO-MFO nanocomposites were studied in order to achieve a high Ms value of 33 emu/g, which is higher than the bulk values of previously reported BFOMFO composite samples.

Exchange bias effect and exchange spring-type behavior of core-shell structured MnFe2O4/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite systems

In this article, we have explored the exchange coupled behavior of MnFe2 O4 /α -Fe2 O3 core-shell based nanocomposite systems. Four nanocomposite samples were prepared by varying weight percentage of α -Fe2 O3 with the generic formula (1 − x ) MnFe2 O4 /x α -Fe2 O3 (x = 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60). The existence of single spinel cubic phase of MnFe2 O4 along with rhombohedral phase of α -Fe2 O3 was verified by the X-ray powder diffraction profiles. The FC hysteresis loops disclosed a large amount of exchange bias (H EB ) of 1.1 kOe along with high coercivity (3.3 kOe) at 5 K for all the samples. Exchange spring type behavior was observed in hysteresis curves of entire nanocomposites. The M-T plots revealed that the blocking temperature (T B ) of entire samples was above the room temperature together with presence of strong interparticle interactions. The blocking temperature was found to shift above 300 K even in tiny size due to significant exchange bias effect.

MnFe2O4/ZrO2 nanocomposite as an efficient magnetically separable photocatalyst with good response to sunlight: preparation, characterization and catalytic mechanism

Magnetically separable novel nano-MnFe2O4/ZrO2 nanocomposite (NC) and MnFe2O4 (MFO) samples were synthesized by an efficient solution combustion methodology. The structure, morphology and optical properties were characterized through powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of MnFe2O4/ZrO2 nanocomposite was analysed for decolourization efficiency of methylene blue (MB) and textile dye wastewater under natural sunlight irradiation. The results demonstrated that the decolourization response of the MnFe2O4/ZrO2 nanocomposite was 95% for MB and 59% for textile dye wastewater in 90 min. The photocatalytic performance of MnFe2O4/ZrO2 was almost 1.4 times as high as pure MnFe2O4 was ascribed to the synergic effect and interfacial interaction across MnFe2O4 nanoparticle (NP) and ZrO2 that leads to separation of electron–hole pairs efficiently and broadened light absorption of the composite (2.42 eV) compared to MnFe2O4 (2.15 eV). The effective optimized parameters such as solution pH of 7, nanocomposite dosage of 60 mg and initial dye concentration of 20 ppm were studied on photocatalytic performance for the removal of MB dye. The magnetically separable MnFe2O4/ZrO2 nanocomposite proved to be highly active and a stable catalyst in five successive photodecolourization cycles for an aqueous solution of MB dye under sunlight irradiation. Furthermore, the possible sunlight photocatalytic mechanism of the MnFe2O4/ZrO2 nanocomposite was proposed. Due to its enhancement in photocatalytic activity, this NC has great potential towards the environmental remediation for practical photocatalytic application towards wastewater treatment.

Superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 and MnFe2O4 NPs/ABS Nanocomposite: Preparation, Thermal stability and Exchange bias effect

Objectives: Manganese Ferrite nanoparticles are a current hot topic in medicine and pharmaceutics. In the current investigation, MnFe2 O4 NPs/ABS Nanocomposite have been successfully synthesized via Co-precipitation method process. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Manganese Ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2 O4 (MF) NPs) were synthesized by the Co-precipitation method then annealing at 400°C. A nanocomposite of MnFe2 O4 with acrylonitrile (A) butadiene (B) styrene (S) (MF/ABS) was prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis X-ray (EDAX) and transition electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the morphology and particle size of the MF NPs and MF/ ABS nanocomposite. Findings: The nano-powders obtained have a spherical structure and particle size of approximately 8 nm. The optical properties were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy to estimate the band gap of the MF NPs and MF/ ABS nanocomposite. The magnetic properties of the MF NPs and MF/ABS nanocomposite were investigated using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). We found that the MF NPs exhibit a superparamagnetic behaviour. The saturation magnetization Ms (8.4277E-3 emu/g) and coercivity Hci (91.208 G) at room temperature for the MF/ABS nanocomposites were higher than Ms and Hci for the MF NPs. The exchange bias effect appears in the MF/ABS nanocomposite. The thermal results show that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the MF/ABS nanocomposites is 108.54 ºC. Application/ Improvements: Adding 10% of MF NPs to ABS polymer enhance ABS thermal properties and change ABS magnetic properties. Keywords: Exchange Bias Effect, Nanocomposite, Superparamagnetic, Thermal Stability, ABS

DFT Application on the Interaction Properties of Ethanol Vapors with MnFe2O4 Nanostructures

The adsorption behavior of ethanol vapor molecules on MnFe2O4 (MFO) nanostructures was carried out using first-principles calculation. The structural stability including electronic properties of MFO spinel structure is explored using ab-initio method. From the phonon energy band structure, it is observed that there are no imaginary frequencies, which confirms the geometric stability of MFO. The global minima interaction sites of ethanol on MFO nanostructure are studied. The adsorption of ethanol molecule is exothermic, and the adsorption energy is calculated to be − 0.448 to − 0.882 eV per molecule. The density of states spectrum and band structure of MFO nanostructure get modified when the sensing material is exposed to the ethanol molecule atmosphere. Moreover, the interaction behavior of ethanol vapor molecules on MFO molecular structure is investigated with reference to the adsorption energy, Bader charge analysis, percentage of average energy gap variation. The desorption of ethanol vapor from MFO material have been studied and low recovery time in the order of 0.025 s is noticed. In addition, the most suitable adsorption sites of ethanol vapor molecules on spinel MnFe2O4 is identified and reported. The findings suggest the application of MFO material for the sensing of ethanol molecules.

Photocatalytic evaluation of the magnetic core@shell system (Co,Mn)Fe2O4@TiO2 obtained by the modified Pechini method

TiO2 is a highly active photocatalyst, sometimes obtained with nanometric particle size, which improves its behavior but makes its removal from aqueous media more difficult. To avoid this drawback, this work aims to obtain a photocatalyst easily removable from aqueous media using magnetism. The core@shell system (Co,Mn)Fe2O4@TiO2 was prepared by adding commercial (Co,Mn)Fe2O4 nanoparticles to the titanium polymeric resin synthesized by the modified Pechini method. Optimization of photocatalyst properties was achieved by variation of the TiO2:ferrite ratio, synthesis temperature and time, followed by their evaluation in photodegradation of an azo dye. The highest efficiency was attained when anatase was the major crystalline phase, whereas TiO2:ferrite ratio was limited to 90% to retain the magnetic properties, which enabled its removal from aqueous media using simple magnets. The system (Co,Mn)Fe2O4@TiO2, synthesized with 90% TiO2 and calcined at 500 °C for 8 h, presented a discoloration of 76.3% after 16 h of exposure to UV light.

Novel Magnetic-Luminescent Janus Nanoparticles for Cell Labeling and Tumor Photothermal Therapy.

Magnetic-luminescent nanocomposites have multiple uses including multimodal imaging, magnetic targeted drug delivery, and cancer imaging-guided therapies. In this work, dumbbell-like MnFe2 O4 -NaYF4 Janus nanoparticles are synthesized via a two-step thermolysis approach. These synthesized nanoparticles exhibit stability in aqueous solutions and very low cytotoxicity after poly(acryl amide) modification. High cellular uptake efficiency is observed for the folic acid-conjugated MnFe2 O4 -NaYF4 in human esophagus carcinoma cells (Eca-109) due to the upconversion luminescence properties as well as the folate targeting potential. The MnFe2 O4 -NaYF4 also strongly absorbs light in the near-infrared range and rapidly converts to heat energy. It is demonstrated that Eca-109 cells incubated with MnFe2 O4 -NaYF4 are killed with high efficiency after 808 nm laser irradiation. Furthermore, the growth of tumors in mice (grown from Eca-109 cells) is highly inhibited by the photothermal effects of MnFe2 O4 -NaYF4 efficiently. Histological analysis reveals no pathological change and inflammatory response in heart, liver, spleen, lung, or kidney. The low toxicity, excellent luminescence, and highly efficient photothermal therapy properties of MnFe2 O4 -NaYF4 Janus nanoparticles illustrated in this work support their vast potential for nanomedicine and cancer therapy.

Unique nanostructural features in Fe, Mn-doped YBCO thin films

An attempt to grow a thin epitaxial composite film of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) with spinel MnFe2O4 (MFO) nanoparticles on a LAO substrate using the CSD approach resulted in a decomposition of the spinel and various doping modes of YBCO with the Fe and Mn cations. These nanostructural effects lead to a lowering of Tc and a slight Jc increase in field. Using a combination of advanced transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques such as atomic resolution high-angle annular dark field scanning TEM, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy we have been able to decipher and characterize the effects of the Fe and Mn doping on the film architecture. The YBaCuFeO5 anion-deficient double perovskite phase was detected in the form of 3D inclusions as well as epitaxially grown lamellas within the YBCO matrix. These nano-inclusions play a positive role as pinning centers responsible for the Jc/Jsf (H) dependency smoothening at high magnetic fields in the YBCO-MFO films with respect to the pristine YBCO films.

MnFe2 O4 Nanocrystals Wrapped in a Porous Organic Polymer: A Designed Architecture for Water-Splitting Photocatalysis.

A novel MnFe2 O4 -porous organic polymer (POP) nanocomposite was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method and using the highly cross-linked N-rich benzene-benzylamine POP. The nanocomposite presented highly efficient photocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from pure water without addition of any sacrificial agent under one AM 1.5 G sunlight illumination. A photocatalytic activity of 6.12 mmol h-1 g-1 was achieved in the absence of any noble metal cocatalyst, which is the highest H2 production rate reported for nonprecious metal catalysts. The photocatalytic performance of MnFe2 O4 -POP could be attributed to the intrinsic synergistic effects of manganese ferrite (MnFe2 O4 ) nanoclusters interacting with the nitrogen dopant POP with a unique mesoporous nanoarchitecture and spatially confined growth of MnFe2 O4 in the interconnected POP network, leading to high visible-light absorption with fast electron transport.

Recovery of metal-doped zinc ferrite from zinc-containing electric arc furnace dust: Process development and examination of elemental migration

We herein report elemental migration during the hydrothermal treatment of zinc-containing electric arc furnace dust (Zn-containing EAFD). Initially, the Zn-containing EAFD was characterized and the crystalline phases of Zn, lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) were determined to be mainly in the form of (Zn,Mn)Fe2O4, PbO (PbSO4), and Cr2O3 (CrO3/CrO42−), respectively. Subsequently, the elemental migration and transformation behavior during the Zn hydrothermal extraction process using ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) was studied in detail. Results indicated that under optimum leaching conditions, Zn, Pb, calcium (Ca), and manganese (Mn) were extracted with high leaching efficiencies of 97.4%, 98.3%, 93.4%, and 97.5%, respectively. Furthermore, suitable adjustment of the leaching solution pH resulted in the simultaneous precipitation of Fe, Zn, Mn, and Pb ions in the form of the stable spinel ferrite MFe2O4 (M: Zn, Mn, and Pb), which was recovered following calcination of the precipitate at 1000°C for 2h. Meanwhile, the majority of Fe, total Cr, and silicon (Si) existed as Fe2O3, Cr2O3, and SiO2, respectively, in the leaching residue, which can be recycled in the steel mill.

Effect of MnFe2O4 and the Heat Treatment Temperature on the Bioactive Glass Properties

In this study, the effects of heat treatment temperatures on structural and magnetic properties in MnFe2O4(MF)/SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 (bioglass) bioactive glass ceramics were investigated. The MF/SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 bioactive glass ceramics were fabricated under various heat treatment temperatures in a range of 600-1000 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to characterize phase and microstructure. The magnetic properties were determined from Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The X-ray diffraction peaks presented two major crystalline phases: MnFe2O4 and Na2Ca2Si3O9. It was found that the heat treatment temperatures are the most influential parameter on microstructure and magnetic properties of the bioactive glass ceramics. The highest magnetic properties of studied ceramics were found in the sample heated at 1000 °C with adding 20 wt%. MF. The microstructural properties of the studies samples were investigated and the results were then correlated with the characteristics of heat treatment temperatures as well as the microstructure of the bioactive glass ceramic.

Enhanced magnetic anisotropy and heating efficiency in multi-functional manganese ferrite/graphene oxide nanostructures

A promising nanocomposite material composed of MnFe2O4 (MFO) nanoparticles of ∼17 nm diameter deposited onto graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets was successfully synthesized using a modified co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction confirmed the quality of the synthesized samples. Fourier transform infrared measurements and analysis evidenced that the MFO nanoparticles were attached to the GO surface. Magnetic measurements and analysis using the modified Langevin model evidenced the superparamagnetic characteristic of both the bare MFO nanoparticles and the MFO–GO nanocomposite at room temperature, and an appreciable increase of the effective anisotropy for the MFO–GO sample. Magnetic hyperthermia experiments performed by both calorimetric and ac magnetometry methods indicated that relative to the bare MFO nanoparticles, the heating efficiency of the MFO–GO nanocomposite was similar at low ac fields (0–300 Oe) but became progressively larger with increasing ac fields (>300 Oe). This has been related to the higher effective anisotropy of the MFO–GO nanocomposite. In comparison with the bare MFO nanoparticles, a smaller reduction in the heating efficiency was observed in the MFO–GO composites when embedded in agar or when their concentration was increased, indicating that the GO helped minimize the physical rotation and aggregation of the MFO nanoparticles. These findings can be of practical importance in exploiting this type of nanocomposite for advanced hyperthermia. Magnetoimpedance-based biodetection studies also indicated that the MFO–GO nanocomposite could be used as a promising magnetic biomarker in biosensing applications.

Effect of M<sup>2+</sup> Substitution on Properties of the System Ni<sub>x</sub> Zn<sub>1-x</sub><sub>-y</sub> M<sub>y</sub> Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>

The four types of ferrites have been prepared by co-precipitation technique(Ni Zn Fe2O4,Mg Fe2O4,Mn Fe2O4, Cd Fe2O4). The prepared ferrites were sintered at 800C ̊. Then using the these types of ferrite to prepared the final Synthesis Nix Zn1-x-y My Fe2O4wereM2+=(Mg,Mn,Cd)with (X=0.3),(Y=0.4) to be six samples halve of these as pressed pellets (12.3 mm diameter, 5-4mm thickness) and later halve as triodes (Rin=9.85mm,Rout=19.4mm). All of them were sintered at (1100 °C) for (2 hr). (XRD) Technique was used to study the structure of matrix Nix Zn1-x-y My Fe2O4, the apparent density , and porosity were calculated, The electrical characteristics for these samples included the measure of A.C current as the dielectric constant was calculated (έ ) ,loses factor (tan δ) was measured at the same frequency range (20Hz - 3MHz) to calculate the imaginary part of dielectric constant and also the magnetic properties was measured by the same equipment, (initial permeability μ ) was calculate after measuring the inductors (L), the VSM Technique was used to study hysterics lope behavior of these samples.

A Remarkably Efficient MnFe2 O4 -based Oxidase Nanozyme.

Nanomaterials-based enzyme mimetics (nanozymes) have attracted considerable interest due to their applications in imaging, diagnostics, and therapeutic treatments. Particularly, metal-oxide nanozymes have been shown to mimic the interesting redox properties and biological activities of metalloenzymes. Here we describe an efficient synthesis of MnFe2 O4 nanomaterials and show how the morphology can be controlled by using a simple co-precipitation method. The nanomaterials prepared by this method exhibit a remarkable oxidase-like activity. Interestingly, the activity is morphology-dependent, with nanooctahedra (NOh) exhibiting a catalytic efficiency of 2.21×10(9) m(-1) s(-1) , the highest activity ever reported for a nanozyme.

Enhanced electric field tunable magnetic properties of lead-free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–MnFe2O4 multiferroic composites

Strong magnetoelectric (ME) interaction was exhibited at both dc and microwave frequencies in a lead-free multiferroic particulate composites of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) and MnFe2O4 (MFO) multiferroic, which were prepared by sol–gel route. The room temperature permeability measurements were carried out in the frequency range of 1 MHz–1 GHz. A systematic study of structural, magnetic and ME properties were undertaken. The room temperature ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was studied. Strong ME coupling is demonstrated in 70NBT–30MFO composite by an electrostatically tunable FMR field shift up to 428 Oe (at E = 4 kV/cm), which increases to a large value of 640 Oe at E = 8 kV/cm. Furthermore, these lead-free multiferroic composites exhibiting electrostatically induced magnetic resonance field at microwave frequencies provide great opportunities for electric field tunable microwave devices.