Mn Amino Acid Research Articles

Modifying effect of Mn(II) amino acid chelate on structural and functional properties of erythrocyte membranes in animals exposed to ionizing radiation.

Modifying effect of Mn(II) amino acid chelate on structural and functional properties of erythrocyte membranes in animals exposed to ionizing radiation.

Effects of Feeding Complexed Zinc, Manganese, Copper, and Cobalt to Late Gestation and Lactating Dairy Cows on Claw Integrity, Reproduction, and Lactation Performance

Three hundred multiparous Holstein cows (150 cows per treatment) were blocked according to calving date and randomly assigned to a study to determine the effect of trace mineral source on incidence and severity of claw lesions, reproduction, and lactation performance of dairy cattle. Treatments were 1) all trace minerals supplied by sulfates(ITM)or 2) 360mg Zn from Zn amino acid complex, 200mg Mn from Mn amino acid complex, 125mg Cu from Cu amino acid complex, and 12mg Co from Co glucoheptonate per day(CTM;Availa®; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN) replacing an equivalent amount of Zn, Mn, Cu, and Co from sulfates. Cows received assigned treatments from 21 d prior to calving through 250 d of lactation. Cows fed CTM produced 1.2kg more (P < 0.05) milk, energy-corrected milk, and 3.5% fat-corrected milk than cows supplemented with ITM. The CTM treatment reduced (P < 0.05) days open by 22 d and tended to increase (P < 0.15) percentage of cows pregnant by 150 d in milk (54.8% vs 42.7%) and first service conception rate (27.4% vs 18.4%). Cows fed CTM tended to have a lesser incidence (P < 0.15) of claw disorders than cows fed inorganic trace minerals at 75 d postpartum (23.6% vs 34.1%) and numerically lower incidence at 250 d postpartum (10.0% vs 17.7%). The CTM treatment increased yield of milk, decreased days open, and tended to increase first service conception rates, increase percentage of cows pregnant at 150 d in milk, and decrease claw disorders at 75 d postpartum.

Effect of Pre- and Post-Shipment Trace Mineral Type and Level on Subsequent Feedyard Performance and Immune Function

Sixty-nine Angus steers were used in a randomized block design to evaluate three treatments 28 d prior to and through 56 d post-shipment. Treatments included 1) control: low level of supplemental trace minerals; 2) inorganic: supplemental trace minerals from Zn sulfate, Mn sulfate, Cu sulfate, and Co carbonate at isomineral levels to treatment 3; and 3) organic: supplemental trace minerals were provided by Zn, Cu, and Mn amino acid complexes. The Zn, Cu, Mn, and Co dietary levels were below 1996 NRC requirements for treatment 1 and exceeded those levels for treatments 2 and 3. Feeding organic trace minerals tended to improve feed efficiency pre-shipment while on the ranch. Post-shipment feed intake and average daily gain were not affected by treatment. However, feeding the high level of inorganic trace minerals improved (P<0.05) feed conversion while in the feedyard compared to the low level of supplemented trace minerals. The organic complex of trace minerals increased (P<0.05) liver Co and Cu and maintained liver Zn over the 84-d ranch and feedyard trial. Liver Cu was also increased by feeding the high level of inorganic and organic Cu compared to controls. Liver Zn was reduced (P<0.05) in steers fed the inorganic and control treatments compared to the steers fed organic supplements. The IBR titers tended to be higher (P>0.05) with higher levels of supplemental trace minerals.

Pasteurisation for spices — by contacting pieces or spice powder with water, putting in revolving pan and drying : Sango KK JO 2092-253; 3 April 1990

Boneless pork loins (n = 112) were used to test the influence of dietary manganese (Mn) inclusion level on pork quality traits during retail display. Crossbred barrows and gilts were fed diets formulated with 0, 20, 40, 80, 160, or 320 ppm Mn from Availa®Mn (AvMn; a Mn–amino acid complex) from 23.8 to 106.8 kg live weight. At approximately 48 h postmortem, boneless pork loins were fabricated into longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LM) chops, which were subsequently placed in open-topped, coffin-chest display cases (2.6 °C) under continuous warm-white, fluorescent lighting (1600 lx) for 7 days. Dietary Mn level had no effect on LM pH (P = 0.47), purge volume (P = 0.60) and loss (P = 0.53), or moisture loss (P = 0.95) during retail display. Chops from pigs fed 80 ppm Mn received higher (P < 0.05) American and Japanese color scores than pigs fed 0 and 40 ppm Mn. Even though the LM from pigs fed 80, 160, and 320 ppm Mn tended to be darker (lower L∗ values; P = 0.07) than chops from pigs fed 40 ppm Mn, a∗ (redness) and b∗ (yellowness) values, as well as hue angle and chroma, were not (P ⩾ 0.19) affected by dietary Mn. On days 0 and 1, the reflectance ratio of 630 nm/580 nm was similar (P > 0.05) among dietary Mn supplementation levels; yet, by day 4 of retail display, chops from pigs fed 80 ppm Mn had higher (P < 0.05) reflectance ratios than chops from pigs fed 0, 20, 40, and 160 ppm, whereas LM chops from pigs fed 40 ppm Mn had lower (P < 0.05) reflectance ratios than all other dietary treatments on day 7 (Mn supplementation level × display day; P = 0.04). Although TBARS were greater (P < 0.001) on day 7 than 0 of retail display, TBARS values did not (P = 0.43) differ among dietary Mn levels. Results indicate that supplementing swine diets with 80 ppm Mn may improve pork color during retail display without increasing the likelihood of lipid oxidation.

Electron paramagnetic resonance parameters and equilibria of manganese(II)–amino-acid complexes in aqueous solution

Manganese(II) binding to amino-acids is studied, bearing in mind the role that this paramagnetic ion plays in the action of certain enzymes, in order to contribute to a clarification of its interactions with protein molecules. Information on the equilibria of Mn–amino acid complexes is derived from e.p.r. and n.m.r. spectra. Particularly, the following parameters are taken into consideration: the e.p.r. intensity, the MnII electron spin relaxation time, and the nuclear relaxation time T2 of the water protons involved in complex formation. Attention is focused on four complexes: Mn–glycine, Mn–valine, Mn–proline, and Mn–α-alanine. Outer sphere co-ordination is taken into account and the dynamic aspects in the solvation shell of the manganese(II) ion are discussed.