MMP-1 In Group Research Articles

Type 1 and 2 matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients

Abstract The purpose of the study. To assess the level of matrix metalloproteinases of types 1 and 2 (MMP1, MMP2), as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) in relation to indicators of left ventricular myocardial deformation in patients with essential hypertension, depending on the presence of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (DD). Materials and methods 114 hypertensive patients (40 women and 74 men) were involved in the study. The average age of the patients was 42±8.3 years. The diagnosis was confirmed by a thorough clinical and instrumental examination. Patients had no CVD or renal disease. LV diastolic filling parameters were assessed according to ASE/EACVI criteria (2016). The indicators of myocardial deformation were studied as well. The level of MMP1, MMP2 and TIMP was assessed by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical methods such as Cruskell-Walles criteria and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used. Results 1st group consisted of 66 patients with normal LV filling parameters, 2nd group was represented by 48 patients with LV DD, control group consisted of 35 healthy men and women, matching by age. The level of MMP1 in group 2 was increased by 112% compared with group 1 and by 117% compared with the control group (101.1±10.4, 47.7±13.2 ng/ml and 46.6±26.1 ng/ml, respectively, p<0.01). In group 2 patients, there was an increased level of MMP2 by 107% compared with patients in group 1 and by 112% compared with the control group (2519.0±233.9 ng/ml, 1216.1±189.8 ng/ml and 1186, 9±64.0 ng/ml, respectively, p<0.01). The TIMP level was higher in hypertensive patients with LV DD: 2.3 times higher than in the group of patients without diastole disturbance, and 2.4 times higher than in the control group (158±24 ng/ml, 68.2±18.8 ng/ml and 66.3±14.0 ng/ml, respectively, p<0.05). Differences between groups 1 and controls were not found for any of the studied parameters. The study of global longitudinal myocardial deformation (Avg) depending on the presence of LV DD showed that in the 2nd group patients this indicator was 22.8% lower than in 1st group patients (p<0.05). Compared with healthy people in groups 1 and 2, there was a decrease in Avg by 23.3% and 40.7%, respectively (p<0.05). The analysis revealed a moderate negative correlation between the global longitudinal LV deformity and the level of MMP2 (r=−0.64, p<0.05). Conclusion Thus, in hypertensive patients with LV DD, an increase in the level of MMP1, MMP2, and TIMP interrelated with global myocardial deformation was revealed, which suggests the participation of these markers in the formation of impaired LV diastolic filling in hypertension. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Safety and efficacy of platelet-rich plasma vs carboxytherapy in the treatment of atrophic scars: A comparative clinical and histopathological study.

Atrophic scars that occur after surgical procedure or trauma are considered as a cosmetic problem for patients. Atrophic scarring results usually during wound healing with inadequate production of collagen and connective tissue. Factors that precipitate to the formation of depressed scars include: individual variations in wound healing, wound tension, tissue apposition, and scar contraction. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of PRP vs carboxytherapy in treatment of atrophic scars. This study included 40 patients with atrophic scars divided into two groups; group A including 20 patients received PRP injection, group B including 20 patients received CO2 injection. They received the treatment every 4 weeks for four sessions and had follow up for 6 months after the end of treatment. Skin biopsies were taken before and after treatment to evaluate clinical results. There was statistically significant difference between both groups in treating atrophic scars, regarding clinical improvement and patients' satisfaction with better results in group B. Histopathological examination showed significant expression of MMP-1 in group B more than group A. Both methods were safe and effective with minimal side effects with better improvement in patients treated with carboxytherapy than those treated with PRP.

Matrix metalloproteinases-1, -13 and their tissue inhibitor-1 in endocrine ophthalmopathy

The study included 65 people (130 eyes) at the age of 43 (35-50) years. Three groups of subjects were formed: 32 patients with a moderate GO severity (clinical group), 18 patients with autoimmune thyroid pathology without GO (comparison group), and 15 healthy persons (control). The diagnosis was based on clinical, laboratory, and instrumental data. A comprehensive ophthalmologic examination and blood sampling for determination of MMP-1, -13, TIMP-1, sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and antibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHRAbs) were conducted. The data were statistically processed using the program Statistica 10.0. An elevated level of MMP-13, observed in all GO patients (p<0.05). For the active phase of GOP, the comparison with the control group showed a 3.5-fold increase in MMP-13 (p<0.001) and 1.17-fold rise in TIMP-1 (p>0.05). Pulse glucocorticoid therapy reduced MMP-13 by 48.6% (p<0.001), TIMP-1 by 2.7% (p<0.001), and TSHRAbs - by 93% (p<0.001) compared with active GO, but these indicators were higher than the reference limits of control (p>0.05). In inactive GO, despite increased MMP-13, TIMP-1 decreased to the reference values (p=0.533). There were no significant differences in MMP-1 in groups of subjects (p=0.865). We have found imbalance between MMP-13 and TIMP-1 production in different activity phases of GO. Active GO is characterized by an increase in serum MMP-13 and TIMP-1. Dysregulation of intercellular matrix remodeling, possibly, underlies the development of extraocular muscles and retrobulbar tissue fibrosis in GO.

Développement des géodes sous-chondrales et expression de la métalloprotéase de matrice de type 1 (MMP-1) dans le processus arthrosique : une étude immuno-histochimique

Summary Background Subchondral bone cyst (SBC) formation is often identified in patients with osteoarthritis. Furthermore, several studies have shown that expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is elevated in patients with OA. Objectives The aim of our study is to correlate the presence of SBCs and MMP-1 expression with the osteochondral alterations during OA progression. Methods We studied the cartilage and subchondral bone of 15 patients who had undergone total knee or hip replacement due to primary OA. As controls, we used the femoral heads of three patients without macroscopic OA changes. We evaluated three specimens per patient. Results Specimens were divided in four groups based on the Mankin histological severity score. Using immunohistochemistry, we noted SBCs at the site of greatest disease severity. Specifically, these were present more frequently in group III (Mankin score: 6–7) and IV (Mankin: ≥ 8), compared with group I (Mankin: 1–3) and II (Mankin: 4–5). Mild OA stages (Mankin: 1–6) were characterized by degeneration and thinning of the cartilage, followed by increased osteoblast and osteoclast activity of the subjacent bone and the subsequent appearance of SBCs. Simultaneously, we observed expression of MMP-1 in groups I and II in the cartilage and III and IV in both the cartilage and the subchondral bone. Moreover, osteoblast-like cells in the lining of the SBCs showed an increased expression of MMP-1 in stages III and IV. Conclusion Our study provides immunohistological evidence that SBCs accumulate in advanced OA and contain activated cells which express MMP-1, suggesting that they may thus participate in the osteochondral changes of OA. Level of evidence Level III, prospective comparative study.

Subchondral cyst development and MMP-1 expression during progression of osteoarthritis: An immunohistochemical study

Subchondral bone cyst (SBC) formation is often identified in patients with osteoarthritis. Furthermore, several studies have shown that expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is elevated in patients with OA. The aim of our study is to correlate the presence of SBCs and MMP-1 expression with the osteochondral alterations during OA progression. We studied the cartilage and subchondral bone of 15 patients who had undergone total knee or hip replacement due to primary OA. As controls, we used the femoral heads of three patients without macroscopic OA changes. We evaluated three specimens per patient. Specimens were divided in four groups based on the Mankin histological severity score. Using immunohistochemistry, we noted SBCs at the site of greatest disease severity. Specifically, these were present more frequently in group III (Mankin score: 6-7) and IV (Mankin: ≥ 8), compared with group I (Mankin: 1-3) and II (Mankin: 4-5). Mild OA stages (Mankin: 1-6) were characterized by degeneration and thinning of the cartilage, followed by increased osteoblast and osteoclast activity of the subjacent bone and the subsequent appearance of SBCs. Simultaneously, we observed expression of MMP-1 in groups I and II in the cartilage and III and IV in both the cartilage and the subchondral bone. Moreover, osteoblast-like cells in the lining of the SBCs showed an increased expression of MMP-1 in stages III and IV. Our study provides immunohistological evidence that SBCs accumulate in advanced OA and contain activated cells, which express MMP-1, suggesting that they may thus participate in the osteochondral changes of OA. Level III; prospective comparative study.