Mixture Of Substances Research Articles

Adipogenic and osteogenic effects of OBS and synergistic action with PFOS via PPARγ–RXRα heterodimers

Sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) is a novel alternative to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), with environmental health risks largely unknown. The present study aims to unravel the adipogenesis effects and underlying molecular initiating events of OBS, which are crucial for understanding and predicting its adverse outcome. In undifferentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), exposure to 1–100 nM of OBS for 7 days stimulated reactive oxygen species production. In the subsequent multipotent differentiation, hMSCs favored adipogenesis and repressed osteogenesis. The point of departure (PoD) for cellular responses of OBS was 38.85 nM, higher than PFOS (0.39 nM). Notably, OBS/PFOS co-exposure inhibited osteogenesis and synergistically promoted adipogenesis. Consistently, the expression of adipogenic marker genes was up-regulated, while that of osteogenic marker genes was down-regulated. The decreased adiponectin and elevated tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) secretion were observed in differentiated cells exposed to the mixture of OBS and PFOS. The co-treatment of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) antagonist alleviated the adipogenic effects of PFOS and its combination with OBS. Moreover, OBS/PFOS co-exposure induced peroxisome PPARγ activation in reporter gene assays, and increased formation of PPARγ - retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) heterodimers measured by co-immunoprecipitation assays. Molecular docking showed interaction energy of OBS (-20.7 kcal/mol) with intact PPARγ-RXRα complex was lower than that of PFOS (-25.9 kcal/mol). Overall, single OBS exhibited lower potency in inducing adipogenesis but is comparable to PFOS in repressing osteogenesis, whereas OBS/PFOS co-exposure increases interaction with PPARγ-RXRα heterodimers, resulting in the synergistic activation of PPARγ, ultimately enhancing adipogenesis at the expense of osteogenic differentiation. The results indicate the potential health risks of increased obesity and decreased bone density caused by OBS and its co-exposure with PFOS, as well as other perfluorinated alkylated substances mixtures.

Frequency of perfume in 398 children's cosmetics

ObjectivePerfume (Parfum) or fragrance is a natural or synthetic cosmetic ingredient added to emit a pleasant aroma or to improve the odor of a cosmetic formula. It is a mixture of substances, not revealed by the manufacturer, which may contain ingredients with allergenic potential, endocrine disruptors, and other possible harmful effects on human health. This study aims to analyze children's cosmetics labels to assess the presence of Perfume. MethodsThe researchers randomly visited points of sale in Curitiba, the capital of a southern Brazilian state; in order to catalog the largest possible number of children's cosmetics items. Results398 children's cosmetics were analyzed and found Parfum on 295 (74.1 %) of the labels, including 90.4 and 79,1 % of the shampoos and wet wipes, respectively. ConclusionExposure of children's skin to fragrances can lead to local side effects such as allergies, but also to systemic effects, and the lack of knowledge of the general population and health professionals about its possible deleterious effects emphasizes the importance of changes in the regulation of cosmetics aiming to reduce the use of this ingredient.

Study of biotransformation of new selective carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor 4-(2-methyl-1,3-oxazole-5-yl)-benzenesulfonamide

The aim of the study was to determine biotransformation products of a new selective carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor – 4-(2-methyl-1,3-oxazole-5-yl)-benzenesulfonamide.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 3 Wistar rats and 3 rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed. The suspension of the drug was administered intraperitoneally to rats at a dosage of 20 mg/kg, to rabbits - at a dosage of 1.6 mg/kg. The animal blood samples were collected before the administration and 1, 2, 4, 24 h after. Urine sampling was also performed in the rats before the administration and in the intervals of 0–4, 4–8, 8–24 h after. The identification of metabolites in blood, urine and plasma was carried out using HPLC-MS/MS. Poroshell 120 C 18 column (50×3.0 mm, 2.7 µm) with a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 pre-column (12.5×2.1 mm, 5.0 µm) was used for the chromatographic separation. The assumed metabolites were synthesized, their structure was confirmed by the NMR spectroscopy method and a high-resolution mass spectrometry. The obtained substances were compared with the substances identified in biological fluids by retention time, the main MRM-transitions and mass spectra.Results. The N-hydroxymetabolite was revealed in the analyses of plasma, blood and urine samples which had been formed by the addition of an oxygen atom to the drug molecule. Chromatographic peaks of this compound were identified at the MRM-transitions of 255→159, 255→117, 255→89 m/z at the 7.2nd min of the analysis. The N-oxide of 4-(2-methyl-1,3-oxazole-5-yl)-benzenesulfonamide and N-hydroxy-4-(2-methyl-1,3-oxazole-5-yl)-benzenesulfonamide were synthesized; potentially, they could have been obtained during the biotransformation. During the confirmatory HPLC-MS/MS tests based on the coincidence of the retention times, the main MRM transitions and mass spectra, the ratio of the peak areas at the identified metabolite it was established that an N-hydroxy derivative. Chromatographic peaks of the N-oxide detected in the analysis of the model mixtures of the standard substance at the MRM-transitions of 255→175, 255→133, 255→89 m/z at the retention time of 5.43 min, were absent in the animal samples.Conclusion. The studied drug is metabolized to form a single metabolite of N-hydroxy-4-(2-methyl-1,3-oxazole-5-yl)-benzenesulfonamide. This compound was found in freshly collected samples of biological fluids of both animal species. The structure of the metabolite was confirmed by the HPLC-MS/MS-method by comparison with the synthesized standard substance.

Hepato-renal toxicity of low dose metal(oid)s mixture in real-life risk simulation in rats: Effects on Nrf2/HO-1 signalling and redox status

The understanding that humans are exposed to a low level of toxic metals and metalloids in their lifetime has resulted in a shift in scientific and regulatory perspectives from the traditional evaluation of single metal toxicity to complex mixtures, relevant to real-life exposure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the impact of real-life, 90-days exposure to mixture of toxic metal(oid)s, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, As and Hg, on the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 and hemoxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signalling and redox status by assessing total sulfhydryl groups (SH), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Animals (20 males and 20 females) were randomized in 2 control and 6 treated groups that received by oral gavage mixture of metal(oid)s solutions in doses that reflect blood metal(oid) levels determined in previous human biomonitoring study as benchmark dose (F/M _BMD), median (F/M _MED), and 95th percentile (F/M _95). Our results have shown that metal(oid)s mixture impaired the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the kidney and liver of male rats and kidney of female rats, followed by depletion of GSH levels in males. Additionally, in males elevated levels of IMA in the liver were observed, while in both genders increased MDA levels were observed in the kidney. Interestingly, the effects were more pronounced in male than in female rats. This study is among the first that examined hepato-renal toxic mechanisms of real-life metal mixture exposure, while our results might be of immense importance for assessing the risk of exposure to mixtures of toxic substances.

Justification of the choice of excipients during the development of the composition of “Pastinocard” tablets

The aim of the work is to justify the choice of excipients as components for the cardioprotective medicine “Pastinocard” tablets based on the domestic raw material of cultivated parsnip herb thick extract (CPHTE). Materials and methods. Experimental test samples of mixtures of the plant substance of domestic origin CPHTE with groups of excipients, approved for medical use, were used as the object of research. Results. We conducted experimental research by a mathematical planning method called the Greek–Latin square. In this study, we investigated how 16 different auxiliary substances affected the pharmacotechnological properties of tableting masses and tablets made from PPTEG with cardioprotective properties. Our goal was to determine the optimal composition and manufacturing process for a medication, specifically “Pastinocard” tablets. We also developed project plans for manufacturing regulations and quality control methods, which we successfully tested in the industrial production setting at Pharmaceutical Company “Zdorovye”, LTD in Kharkiv. Conclusions. The formulation for cardioprotective tablets, designated as “Pastinocard”, has been both theoretically justified and experimentally developed by domestic CPHTE raw materials. These research findings have been instrumental in crafting the regulatory documentation for quality control and the production processes of the resulting tablet medication.

Antioxidant activity and in vitro cytotoxicity of Chitosan/Origanum vulgare essential oil sponges

Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile organic substances obtained from medicinal plants, their structural diversity determines their pharmacological bioactivity, including their therapeutic applications. Clinical studies have reported favorable health benefits to patients using medicinal plants for ulcerative skin lesions, reducing the discomfort, pain, and duration of ulcers. Chitosan (CHT) is a polymer with potential as a drug carrier in ulcer disease; also has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and hemostatic properties, proposed for its use in gels, biofilms, and sponges to cover the ulcerative lesion in the oral mucosa for both drug delivery and physical protection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological properties and enzymatic activity of sponges from CHT and Oregano essential oil (OEs). CHT sponges were incubated in OEs eluates (0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 mg/mL). The cell response and enzymatic activity of Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) were evaluated in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPLFs). The results showed that CHT-OEs at 0.02 mg/mL and at 0.03 mg/mL significantly increased hPLFs proliferation (p < 0.05). Micrographs demonstrated that the viability and mitochondrial activity of hPLFs were not affected by the eluates from CHT and OEs. SOD activity increased with eluates from OEs and CHT and CAT was significantly increased with CHT+OEs 0.01 mg/mL (p < 0.05). The synergy of CHT with OEs at a concentration of 0.02 mg/mL and 0.03 mg/mL in culture medium increases the proliferative response and stimulates SOD and CAT activity.

Using Halophiles (Bacillus pumilus) to treat spinetoram (pesticide) Contamination

Pesticides can be define as any substance or mixture of substances, which used to control damaging pests such as insects, When pesticides applied, the impacts begin to appear on human, plants, or animals, these toxic compounds (pesticides) have been engaged in various disorders and diseases including cancer In this study, new strain of bacillus species were identification in Iraqi environments and test their ability to degrade the pesticides that was used usually in agricultural fields. The samples taken from agricultures areas in Al-Zubaydiya, Wasit Governorate and cultured on agar, three temperatures 25, 30, and 35 °C were chosen. Also, three pH values of 5, 7, and 9 for this purpose, three concentrations of spinetoram pesticide 600, 1200, and 1800 ppm were used. The results at a temperature of 35 ° and pH 9 and 7 were the optimum conditions with removal ratios of 99 %, 97 % or 94 % respectively at 600 ppm of spinetoram

Air pollution monitoring with Tradescantia hybrid and optical sensors in Curitiba and Araucária, Brazil

Abstract Complex mixtures of substances are in the atmosphere and they can cause diseases in humans and biological communities after acute or chronic exposition. This paper focuses on the physical measurement of particulate matter, a proxy for air pollution, and a biological method for mutation assessment due to plants’ exposure to air pollution. The objective of this research was to characterize the air pollution seasonality in municipalities in southern Brazil, and also to understand the relation between air pollution and the biological response of the Tradescantia sp. clone 4430. The optical sensor SDS011 was used for measurements of particulate matter (PM) and the Trad-SHM bioassay was chosen to quantify the mutagenic alterations that occurred in stamen hairs during the study period, with PM data being measured every 5 seconds and the flowers being harvested approximately every two weeks for laboratory analysis. The Pearson test was applied to verify the correlation between PM and mutations in stamen hair as a result of which it was observed that there is a positive correlation between these data, with the highest value found being r = 0.61. Also, the period with the highest occurrence of pink cells was between autumn and spring, the same period in which an unusual increase in PM concentrations was also observed, a period that corresponds to a less favorable dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere. The use of Tradescantia sp. clone 4430 showed sensitivity to the environments in which it was exposed. Biomonitoring is an important tool for understanding the effects of pollutants on the ecosystem.

Mixture design of α-pinene, α-terpineol, and 1,8-cineole: Amultiobjective response followed by chemometric approaches to optimize the antibacterial effect against various bacteria and antioxidant activity.

α-Pinene, α-terpineol, and 1,8-cineole are compounds naturally present in essential oils, although their amounts vary from oil to oil. Although several studies have reported their antibacterial and antioxidant effects, there are few reports on the synergistic or antagonistic effects of their combinations. The objective of this study was to investigate the combined antibacterial effect of these three compounds. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the prediction of their optimal combination using the mixture design approach. The experimental antibacterial activity of the α-pinene, α-terpineol, and 1,8-cineole mixtures depended on the proportion of each compound in the mixture and the target strain, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 0.31 to 1.85 mg/mL. Using the increased simplex-centroid mixture design, the mixture containing 0.33% of each molecule proved to be the most effective against Bacillus cereus and had the lowest MIC values. In addition, α-pinene, α-terpineol, and 1,8-cineole showed significant antioxidant activity against 2,2-picryl-1-hydrazyl radical (DPPH), with IC50 values of 24.53 ± 0.05, 65.63 ± 0.71, and 63.58 ± 0.01 μg/mL, respectively. Statistical planning and the development of utility profiles of the substance mixtures can predict the optimal composition that will exhibit the highest antibacterial activity against B. cereus as well as antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of the mixtures can contribute significantly to their successful use as natural preservatives in various applications.

Chemical reaction analysis of auto-ignition behavior for mixed fuel of cyclopentane and paraffin

Knocking due to auto-ignition of fuel greatly hinders the performance enhancement of gasoline engines. Since general gasoline is a mixture of many substances, its knock resistance depends largely on the combination of substances contained. Therefore, it is important to comprehend the chemical reaction process up to ignition in mixed fuels. This study performed various analyses of the detailed chemical reaction process for the case where cyclopentane, a representative of naphthene, is mixed with paraffin. The main purpose of this analysis is to discover a mechanism that enhances the antiknock effect by combining fuels. Analysis of the detailed reaction process suggests that in some cases cyclopentane suppresses the subsequent reactions by consuming the OH produced by paraffin during the initial low temperature oxidation. Therefore, mixing cyclopentane into paraffin greatly extends the ignition delay time by suppressing the subsequent exothermic reactions. When added in a low fraction, the ignition suppression effect exceeds that of the general octane booster toluene. On the other hand, analysis of the detailed reaction process under high mixing ratio conditions showed that cyclopentane has an ignition promotion effect. The reason for this phenomenon is that cyclopentane lowers the ignition temperature because it accumulates a large amount of H2O2 as an intermediate product after the initial reactions. Furthermore, H2O2 advances the ignition reactions by generating OH in the subsequent reactions. Additionally, due to the changing behavior of the low-temperature oxidation reaction, the effect of cyclopentane mixing also changes with the temperature range. In other words, cyclopentane has the opposing effects of suppressing and promoting ignition, which results in a complicated phenomenon that changes depending on the mixing ratio with paraffin and temperature.

Hygienic justification for the classification of the danger of sources of emissions of substances having an olfactorial action

The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis and ranking of industries related to sources of olfactory exposure, depending on the odour’s “offensiveness” of their emissions.&#x0D; Material and methods. Experimental olfacto-odourimetric studies were carried out using a dynamic olfactometer ECOMA TO-8 on the example of fifteen mixtures of substances (over 4200 measurements) representing or simulating emissions from the industries including particle boards, vegetable oil from soybean and rapeseed seeds, coffee, perfumery and cosmetic products, food flavourings, tobacco products, as well as livestock operations, gas odourizing, and fuel oil steam treatment. Statistical data processing was performed using the computer software Probit Analysis (v.4.0). Analytical study of mixtures of substances contained in emissions was carried out using a FOCUS GC-DSQ-II chromato-mass spectrometer.&#x0D; Results. Based on the conducted olfacto-odourimetric studies of samples and models of emissions from the productions and technological processes related to sources of odour with the establishment of odour’s detection thresholds and the “offensiveness” thresholds of substances, a facilities’ hazard classification is proposed taking into account the odour’s “offensiveness” (“annoyance potential”) of emissions (extremely offensive, offensive, moderately offensive and slightly offensive), which makes it possible to update the current classification according to SanPiN 2.2.1./2.1.1.1200–03 (new edition) and the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated February 28, 2022 N 7.&#x0D; Limitations. The study’s limitations associated with the use of a relatively new experimental method for the presentation of odour stimuli and their registration, which requires additional testing, as well as with the possible transformation of substances during the delivery of emission samples to the laboratory.&#x0D; Conclusion. The methodology of the experimental odourimetric evaluation of multicomponent mixtures of odorous substances that are part of the emissions of various enterprises and municipal facilities makes it possible to quickly and rationally optimize the existing classification of industries according to the “offensiveness” criterion (or “annoyance potential”) of the odorous emissions.

Associations of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixture with the numbers of lymph nodes in colorectal cancer patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is widely known with a high incidence rate worldwide, but the correlation between exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and the number of lymph nodes in CRC patients remains unclear. In the present study, we enrolled 305 CRC patients (122 females and 183 males) at Beijing Hospital in China. A total of 17 PFAS were detected in serum samples of these patients, and 5 PFAS with detection rates >75% were selected in this study. The CRC patients’ number of metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) and total lymph nodes (TLNs) were chosen as outcomes. Poisson regression models were used to analyze the associations between single PFAS and number of MLNs and TLNs. Quantile g-Computation models were performed to examine the joint effect of PFAS mixtures on number of MLNs and TLNs. A positive correlation between serum PFAS levels and number of MLNs was identified. For instance, the numbers of MLNs in patients with serum PFOA, PFNA, 6:2 Cl-PFESA concentrations at the 95th percentile were 27% (95% CI: 1%, 60%), 35% (95% CI: 1%, 82%), 87% (95% CI: 4%, 238%) higher compared with the threshold level. The results of Quantile g-Computation models also showed that every quantile increase in PFAS mixtures was associated with a 4.67%, (95% CI: 0.07%, 9.48%) increase in the numbers of MLNs, and PFOS dominated the effects of the mixtures. Moreover, a negative correlation between PFAS mixtures and number of TLNs in patients with no MLNs was also observed. The present study suggested that exposure to PFAS may worsen the prognosis of CRC patients. These findings could help guide future research and public health policies aimed at reducing exposure to PFAS and mitigating their potential impacts on human health.

Extracellular Vesicles altered by a Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Mixture: In Vitro Dose-Dependent Release, Chemical Content, and MicroRNA Signatures involved in Liver Health.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have emerged as high priority contaminants due to their ubiquity and pervasiveness in the environment. Numerous PFAS co-occur across sources of drinking water, including areas of North Carolina (NC) with some detected concentrations above the Environmental Protection Agency's health advisory levels. While evidence demonstrates PFAS exposure induces harmful effects in the liver, the involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential mediators of these effects has yet to be evaluated. This study set out to evaluate the hypothesis that PFAS mixtures induce dose-dependent release of EVs from liver cells, with exposures causing differential loading of microRNAs (miRNAs) and PFAS chemical signatures. To test this hypothesis, a defined PFAS mixture was prioritized utilizing data collected by the NC PFAS Testing Network. This mixture contained three substances, PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxA, selected based upon co-occurrence patterns and the inclusion of both short-chain (PFHxA) and long-chain (PFOA and PFOS) substances. HepG2 liver cells were exposed to equimolar PFAS, and secreted EVs were isolated from conditioned media and characterized for count and molecular content. Exposures induced a dose-dependent release of EVs carrying miRNAs that were differentially loaded upon exposure. These altered miRNA signatures were predicted to target mRNA pathways involved in hepatic fibrosis and cancer. Chemical concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxA were also detected in both parent HepG2 cells and their released EVs, specifically within a 15-fold range after normalizing for protein content. This study therefore established EVs as novel biological responders and measurable endpoints for evaluating PFAS-induced toxicity.

TEKNIK PENCAHAYAAN BEAUTY SHOT GLOW IN THE DARK FACE PAINTING DENGAN KONSEP REOG PONOROGO

The Beauty Shot Glow in The Dark Face Painting Lighting Technique with Reog Ponorogo Concept. Beauty shot photography is based on the idea that everything in the photo must look beautiful, attractive, and have an aura. Face painting is a face painting process as a medium to be painted. Along with the times, face painting has experienced a creative modification in the use of paint, namely glow in the dark painting which can light up or refract its color in the dark. Glow in the dark face painting is to paint using special paint media that cannot cause irritation and damage to the skin. Besides using special paints for human skin, the type of paint used is also required to contain a mixture of phosphor substances to emit light in the dark. Glow in the dark has a similar concept to solar power because the power source is light. It aims to get the glow in the dark effect on face painting, by using low key lighting techniques. During the photoshoot, ultraviolet reflector lighting enhances the ultraviolet light emitted from the lighting to its maximum extent, aiming to bring out the glow in the dark effect on the face painting model. In this study, the authors raised the concept of Reog Ponorogo. Singo Barong is the main character in the Reog ponorogo performance and one that will be applied to the creation of the author's work. Singo Barong is a combination of Barongan and Dhadak Merak. The research method used by the author is observation, namely systematic observation by observing photo workshop of Martha Suherman. The result of creating a glow in the dark face painting artwork with the concept of Reog Ponorogo is the production of glow in the dark photos using low-key lighting techniques.Keywords: beauty shot, face painting, glow in the dark, photography, Reog Ponorogo

Dynamics through three-inlets of t-shaped ducts: Significance of inlet velocity on transient air and water experiencing cold fronts subject to turbulence

Efficiency, management, and control of air and water dynamics subject to cold fronts within ducts are among the problems that occur in the water industry and during the production of gases. This article presents the dynamics of unsteady air and water through a three-inlet t-shaped duct, emphasizing the problem of cold fronts. Attempts were made to remark on the nature of these fluids a few distances after the mixture (70 mm), before turning of the duct, and after turning the duct. The realizable k−ε viscous model and energy equation were solved numerically using Ansys Fluent 2022R1. Examination of the residual and mesh independency were considered for checking the convergence of results. Optimal eddies' average kinetic energy per unit mass was formed near the t-junction not because of the earlier formed cold fronts but due to the recirculation of pressure at the 90o bend that affect the velocity of cold fluid substance from the two adjacent inlets (i.e. inlet 2 and inlet 3). Considering the variation of inlet velocity, three cases of cold front formation was examined. When the entry velocities of cold air/water and warm air/water are the same, the formation of the cold front is invisible at the early stage despite the fact that air flows faster than water. A significant difference exists between the heat transfer rate at hot and cold inlets, but the mass transfer is uniform at the three inlets. The optimal temperature across the motion of both fluids occurs at the circular surface 30mm after the mixture. The duct's bent nature is a factor that greatly influences the mixture of cold and warm liquid substances.

Study of the method of detoxification of mineralised water sediments by natural sorbents

Sediments after reagent treatment of mineralised water are a rather complex mixture of various substances of mineral and organic composition. It is necessary to recycle these sediments in order to reduce the negative impact on the environment. The article considers the possibility of sediments detoxification by natural sorbents to bind organic and inorganic toxicants into non-toxic complexes and reduce the negative effect on the environment.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixture exposures and growth trajectories: Applying Bayesian varying coefficient kernel machine regression

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixture exposures and growth trajectories: Applying Bayesian varying coefficient kernel machine regression

Interactions between prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances mixture exposures and maternal vitamin D status on childhood neurodevelopment

Interactions between prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances mixture exposures and maternal vitamin D status on childhood neurodevelopment

Parental preconception exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixtures in relation to birthweight

Parental preconception exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixtures in relation to birthweight

Review of bioactive components property of Malaysian propolis: A review

Over the past few decades, traditional medicinal products have grown in popularity. It is estimated that 80% of patients worldwide use them for basic health treatment. Due to its extraordinary bioactive properties, propolis is a bee product commonly utilised in alternative medicines. Propolis is a complicated mixture of substances, procured by bees from diverse vegetations and mix them with beeswax and bee saliva enzymes. Propolis bioactivities have been examined and reported in the treatments of numerous chronic diseases. Given the differences in pharmacological activity and compound markup of propolis, huge variation exists due to numerous hive localities. This study intends to define and explore the bioactive qualities of propolis in Malaysia. Information on the antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other bioactivity properties from studies conducted on Malaysian propolis have been consolidated in this review. This research would result in an enhanced understanding of the safe consumption of Malaysian propolis and may spur the development of novel and more affordable treatments for various infections.