Mixture Of Honey Research Articles

Thermal properties of honey as affected by the addition of sugar syrup

Ensuring the authenticity of honey is a priority for producers and regulatory authorities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the thermal properties (using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter “DSC”) of ten types of sugar syrup, six types of honey and mixtures of sunflower honey with all these syrups at different proportions simulating the adulteration of honey (ratio honey/syrup: 80/20; 90/10; 95/05). The glass transition temperature (Tg midpoint) ranged from 60.2 °C to 67.3 °C in honey samples and from 32.8 °C to 95.8 °C in syrup samples. The differences in sugar composition of the syrups mainly affect their thermal properties. In the adulterated samples, the glass transition temperature was affected by the type of syrup, proportionally to the adulteration level. These results offer compelling evidence that the DSC can be used for the identification of addition of syrup to honey, although to be conclusive a greater number of honey types must be considered.

Flavonoid Composition and Antitumor Activity of Bee Bread Collected in Northeast Portugal.

Bee bread (BB) is a fermented mixture of plant pollen, honey, and bee saliva that worker bees use as food for larvae, and for young bees to produce royal jelly. In the present study, five BB samples, collected from Apis mellifera iberiensis hives located in different apiaries near Bragança, in the northeast region of Portugal, and one BB commercial sample were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) in terms of phenolic compounds, such as flavonoid glycoside derivatives. Furthermore, the samples were screened, using in vitro assays, against different human tumor cell lines, MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer), HeLa (cervical carcinoma) and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and also against non-tumor liver cells (porcine liver cells, PLP2). The main phenolic compounds found were flavonol derivatives, mainly quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, isorhamnetin and herbacetrin glycoside derivatives. Thirty-two compounds were identified in the six BB samples, presenting BB1 and BB3 with the highest contents (6802 and 6480 µg/g extract, respectively) and the highest number of identified compounds. Two isorhamnetin glycoside derivatives, isrohamnetin-O-hexosyl-O-rutinoside and isorhamnetin-O-pentosyl-hexoside, were the most abundant compounds present in BB1; on the other hand, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside was the most abundant flavonol in BB3. However, it was not possible to establish a correlation between the flavonoids and the observed low to moderate cytotoxicity (ranging from >400 to 68 µg/mL), in which HeLa and NCI-H460 cell lines were the most susceptible to the inhibition. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report characterizing glycosidic flavonoids in BB samples, contributing to the chemical knowledge of this less explored bee product.

The synergistic effect of honey and cinnamon against Streptococcus mutans bacteria

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Iranian honey, cinnamon and their combination against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. MethodsNine experimental solutions were examined in this study, including two types of honey (pasteurized and sterilized), two types of cinnamon extract (dissolved in distilled water or dimethyl sulfoxide) and five different mixtures of cinnamon in honey (prepared by admixing 1%–5% w/w of cinnamon extract into 99%–95% w/w of honey, respectively). Meanwhile, each of mentioned agent was considered as the first solution while it was diluted into seven serially two-fold dilutions (from 1:2 to 1:128 v/v). Therefore, eight different concentrations of each agent were tested. The antibacterial tests were performed through blood agar well diffusion method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. Ultimately, the data were subjected to statistical analysis incorporating Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α = 0.01). ResultsThe highest zone of inhibition was recorded for the mixtures of honey and cinnamon while all the subgroups containing 95%–99% v/v of honey were in the same range (P < 0.01). The MIC for both honey solutions were obtained as 500 mg/mL whereas it was 50 mg/mL for both cinnamon solutions. Moreover, the MIC related to all honey/cinnamon mixtures were 200 mg/mL. ConclusionsA profound synergistic effect of honey and cinnamon was observed against Streptococcus mutans while there was no significant difference among extracts containing 99%–95% v/v of honey admixing with 1%–5% v/v of cinnamon, respectively.

Evidence based complementary and alternative methods used in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in cancer:Literature review

Cancer patients frequently face symptoms that result from the treatment process and affect their life quality adversely. The most important one of these symptoms is oral mucositis. For the solution of this complication, complementary and alternative methods are used by patients in addition to medical treatment. However, in order for these methods to be successful, it is extremely important that health care team members are informed of these practices, patients are protected against any kind of harm and they are guided to choose the evidence-based methods among the complementary and alternative methods. The present study was carried out to examine the efficiency of complementary and alternative methods in the prevention and treatment of the chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. The population of the study consists of the articles reached through the research on the data bases “Medline”, “Ebscohost”, “Pubmed”, “Science Direct” and “Google Scholar” using the keywords “cancer patients”, oral mucositis” ,“oral care” and “complementary and alternative methods” in between February and April 2017. Randomized controlled studies that have been published in the last ten years in Turkish and English languages and that had their full texts were included in the examinations. 19 articles complying with the research criteria composed the sample of the compiled study. It was seen that the most commonly used complementary and alternative methods in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis are cryotherapy (n= 9 articles), honey (n=3), propolis (n=2), chewing gum (n=1), coffee and honey mixture (n=1), kefir (n=1), Liquid C recutita extract (n=1) and cloves-based mouthwash (n=1) in the studies included in the compilation. Complementary and alternative methods are significant recourses for decreasing the incidence and severity of oral mucositis due to their ease of use, tolerability and having no side effects.

The Effect of a Mixture of Royal Jelly and Honey on Hematological Parameters in Maximum Weight Training Athletes

To investigate the effect of royal jelly (RJ) + honey (H) mixture as nutritional ergogenic aids, on hematological parameters in maximum weight training athletes, 29 volunteer male students were divided as 15 students in the placebo group (Group 1) and 14 students in the study group (Group 2). Corn starch (50 g/day) was given to Group 1, and 5 g RJ + 45 g H mixture (50 g/day) was given to Group 2, for 8 weeks. The parameters of erythrocyte, leukocyte and thrombocyte were evaluated at the beginning, and at the end of 4 and 8 weeks. The volunteers had maximum weight training (for 2 hours/day, 4 days a week). The groups at each time point revealed a significant difference in Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration, Leukocyte, Neutrophile, and Platelet Distribution Width values at the end of the first month. No significant difference was found in other comparisons (p>0.05). It was concluded that the differences in some hematological parameters could be related to exercise, and the RJ + H mixture that was given did not demonstrate an adequate effect in the administered amounts and duration. Future studies are needed with higher doses and for a longer duration.

Evaluation of Synergetic Activity of Honey and Ginger Extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial and synergistic activity of honey and ginger extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Agar well diffusion method was used to determine susceptibility of the test organisms using honey and ginger extracts individually, and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of the antimicrobial agents was measured using the tube dilution method. Different proportions of 10% v/v concentrations of the antimicrobials were mixed and their activity against the test organisms determined also using the agar diffusion method. The most active proportion was taken as the proportion with the widest diameter zone of inhibition. The MIC and MBC of the most active proportions on the different test organisms were then determined. Honey-ginger powder extract mixtures produced the highest inhibition compared to the use of honey or ginger extract individually. The zones of inhibitions produced by a mixture of ginger extract and honey each of 10%v/v concentration on both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA was higher than zones of inhibition by honey and ginger extract of the same concentration used individually. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the most active proportions of honey-ginger extract mixtures on both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA was 1.25% v/v while minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the different most active proportions were 2.5% v/v for both of the test organisms.&#x0D;

Honey as Complementary and Alternative Medicament in Pulpotomy of Permanent Teeth

1. Abstract 1.1.Background/objectives: Honey is being used as complementary and alternative medicine since ages. So far, scientific evidence has also proven its beneficence in different human diseases. Its use in dentistry as antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory has also been well established. Although many clinically effective dressing materials for pulpotomy are available in the market, but scientists are still in search of an ideal material having more beneficial effects, less harms and moreover, cost effective. Therefore, a study was planned to describe and compare inflammatory response of human dental pulp tissue on application of dressings of calcium hydroxide, honey and a mixture of calcium hydroxide and honey. 1.2.Material and methods:For this experimental study, 36 human premolar teeth scheduled to be extracted for orthodontic reasons, from 12 patients were selected. After informed consent, pulpotomy procedure was carried out and dressings were placed. The inflammatory grades were noted under light microscope after histological processing of extracted teeth. 1.3.Results: After 7 days, in Ca-hydroxide group, 5 (83.3%) in grade-II and 1 (16.7%) in grade-I and in honey group 3 (50.0%) in grade-II and 3 (50.5%) also in grade-I but in Calcium hydroxide + Honey only 1 (16.7%) is in grade-II and 5 (83.7%) are in grade-I which indicates that honey with Ca-hydroxide has more anti-inflammatory activity as compared to Ca-hydroxide or honey alone after pulpotomy 1.4.Conclusion: Honey alone and Ca-hydroxide alone almost have similar anti-inflammatory potential, but when they are used in combination, they act as more potent anti-inflammatory agents after pulptomy.

Preparation and characterization of bioactive and breathable polyvinyl alcohol nanowebs using a combinational approach

Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanowebs treated with a mixture of honey and polyhexamethylene biguanides (PHMBs, commercially available as Reputex 20) were prepared and characterized to evaluate their applicability in wound dressing applications. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the incorporation of functional moieties from honey and Reputex 20 into electrospun PVA nanowebs. Functionalized PVA nanowebs were characterized by evaluating their antimicrobial properties, moisture vapor transport characteristics (breathability), and tensile properties. PVA nanowebs treated with a mixture of honey and PHMBs have shown good antimicrobial activity. Additionally, functionalized PVA nanowebs have shown adequate breathability characteristics, a much needed attribute in textile materials used in wound dressing applications. Nanowebs fabricated from biocompatible polymers such as PVA, and functionalized in a combinational fashion, could be used in many different biomedical applications, including wound healing bandages and cell or tissue culture scaffolds.

In vitro synergistic antioxidant activity of honey-Mentha spicata combination

The beneficial health effects including antioxidant properties of mint (Mentha spicata) and honey have been extensively studied. However, there is no data about the effect of their associated use. In this study the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of individual extracts of mint and honey and their combination were determined. The antioxidant activity was investigated by using reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2´-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS), and chelating power methods. The results showed that individual extracts contained important quantity of phenolics and flavonoids and their combination was found to produce best antioxidant activity. A positive correlation between the phenolic/flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity, especially with free radical scavenging ability and chelating power, was observed. These findings suggest that combined mixture of honey and mint could be used as promising additive foods.

EFFECT OF MODERATE INTAKE OF A MIXTURE OF GARCINIA KOLA AND HONEY ON BLOOD CELLS

A mixture of Garcinia kola and honey has been used for the treatment of certain conditions including dry coughs. The aim of this study was to study the effect of the mixture of G. kola and honey on blood cells. Twenty five rats were grouped into 5 of 5 rats each. A mixture of G. kola 0.16 g/kg and 0.5 ml honey was given orally to rats in Group 1 twice daily for 14 days. Each rat in Group 2 had a mixture of 0.20 g/kg G.a kola and 0.5 ml honey for a similar period as Group 1, while Groups 3 and 4 rats had 0.24g/kg G. kola and 0.5 ml honey, and 0.28 g/kg G. kola and 0.5 ml honey respectively. Group 5 served as the control, and was not administered with the mixture of G. kola and honey. The result did not reveal any significant difference in the packed cell volume (PCV), leucocyte differential count and the total leucocyte count in the control and test animals. Moderate intake of the mixture of G. kola and honey does not affect production of leucocytes and red bloodcells.

Protective Effect of Garcinia kola Seed and Honey Mixture against Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats

Protective Effect of Garcinia kola Seed and Honey Mixture against Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats

Burn Wound Healing Effect and Hair Growth Promoting Activity of &lt;i&gt;Lawsonia inermis&lt;/i&gt; L. and Honey in &lt;i&gt;Oryctolagus cuniculus&lt;/i&gt; Rabbits

This study aimed to assess Lawsonia inermis L. and honey mixture effects on burn wounds and hair growth in rabbits. Nine male Oryctolagus cuniculus local rabbits were allocated randomly in 3 groups. After antisepsis and local anesthesia, four circular burns were created on the animal’s backs. Immediately after burning, the wounds were covered with honey in three rabbits (HON group), another group was treated first with honey and then L. inermis powder was added on honey (LI_HON group). Three untreated animals were used as control (CRL group). The treatment of rabbits was applied once daily (6/7 days) until 24th day post burns. The animals were observed for their general state, aspects of wounds and the healing times were also recorded. At 35th day post burns, the hair growth was investigated in the different groups. LI_HON group has recorded the best results compared to other groups; a short significant necrosis duration (LI_HON Vs CRL, p<0.001; LI_Hon Vs HON, p<0.05), precocious start of 1st crust detachment (LI_HON Vs CRL, p<0.05; LI_Hon Vs HON, p<0.001), a quick complete detachment of the first crust (LI_HON Vs CRL, p<0.05; LI_Hon Vs HON, p<0.05) and a significant reduction of healing time (LI_HON Vs CRL, p<0.05; LI_Hon Vs HON, p<0.01). LI-HON group has shown the best promoting activity of hair growth in term of recovered surface percentage (LI_HON Vs CRL, p = 9,13038E-7; LI_Hon Vs HON, P = 1,70745E-7) and hair length (LI_HON Vs CRL, p<0.01; LI_Hon Vs HON, p≤0.001). The study concludes that the topic use of L. inermis powder and honey simultaneously accelerates burn wound healing process in rabbit’s model. Henna has also shown a remarkable hair growth promoting activity in term of hair recovered area and hair length.

Practices during Common Cold and Ear Ache in Children among the Koraga Tribes: A Descriptive Survey

Background: Common cold and ear ache are one of the major problems which occur due to infection in children. Tribal populations use different practices to get rid of these infections. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the practices of the Koraga tribes during common cold and ear ache in children. Materials and Method: The study used a descriptive survey approach to collect data from 200 Koraga tribal care takers using a practice questionnaire. The data was analysed using SPSS 16.0 software. Results: Majority 110 (55%) of caretakers were using pepper, 49 (24.5%) were using lemon and honey mixture and 19 (9.5%) were using ginger for common cold. Other practices include applying Vicks vaporub over forehead, nose and neck 156 (78%), using pepper and black cumin kashayam 21 (10.5%) and samabarbelle leaves 23 (11.5%). Practices during ear ache in children includes, 96 (48%) of caretakers were not practicing any home remedies, 58 (29%) putting oil into the ear, 14 (7%) putting water into the ear and 32 (16%) of sample were observing and cleaning the ear with soft cotton. Other practice includes dry fish water into the ear 11 (5.5%). Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of Koraga tribes still practice many home remedies to treat the children with common cold and ear ache.

Propagation of Influenza Virus in Lymphocytes Determine by Antiviral Effects of Honey, Ginger and Garlic Decoction

Three influenza A virus isolates, one from a human, one from a chicken, and one from a wild bird dropping, were used to infect human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in culture. The influenza strains were H1N, H5/H7-N1/N2 (mixture) and H9N, respectively and were assessed in vitro in human PBMCs in the presence of Phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Viral replication was estimated by visual cytopathic effect (CPE). H1N2 CPE included budding of lymphocytes, fusion of infected cells with neighboring lymphocytes, and syncytial formation. H5/H7- N1/N2 and H9N2 each caused CPE that included bulging of cells with large vacuoles. The supernatant of infected lymphocyte culture was used to infect MDCK cell lines. Influenza viral RNA was detected in extracts of MDCK cell lines and from lymphocytes infected with each of the three virus strains as judged by RT-PCR, confirming that all three isolates were able to replicate in human lymphocytes in vitro. The antiviral activity of a mixture of honey, ginger, and garlic (HGG) extracts, an over the counter drug commonly used in Pakistan to treat patients with influenza virus, was compared to the antiviral drug amantadine for its ability to decrease replication of the H1N2 strain in human PBMCs in vitro. HGG significantly inhibited H1N2 virus growth as judged by CPE, haemagglutination assays, and qRT-PCR. Interestingly, HGG also appeared to promote proliferation of human lymphocytes. These finding suggest that a mixture of crude extracts from honey, ginger, and garlic may be clinically useful against influenza virus.

Reduction Effect of Royal Jelly and Rape Honey Alone and in Combination Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strains

Multidrug resistant and methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is involved severe difficult to treat skin and soft tissue infections humans. In the present study the antibacterial reduction effect of royal jelly (RJ), rape honey (RH), as well as combination (RJ:RH, 1:100 w/w) against multidrug resistant MRSA strains was evaluated by means of a microbiological method in vitro. Royal jelly and rape honey mixture possessed a higher antibacterial activity than rape honey. The concentrations of royal jelly (20 and 30% v/v) had a total inhibitory effect against tested MRSA strains. Royal jelly alone and rape honey mix (RJ:RH, 1:100 w/w) have a potential as alternative therapeutics against MRSA strains, resistant for antibiotics.

Effect of topical mixture of honey, royal jelly and olive oil-propolis extract on skin wound healing in diabetic rats

Abstract Background Diabetic wound is a common complication of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of topical application of mixture of honey, royal jelly and olive oil-propolis extract (Nika cream) on cutaneous wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods In this interventional study, we prepared a new composition ointment entitled Nika cream. 42 Wistar male rats were divided randomly in normal and diabetic groups. Next, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg kg−1 body weight). The diabetic rats with marked hyperglycemia (serum glucose more than 200 mg/dl) were selected for the study. After anesthesia, full thickness skin of upper dorsal part of the rats was removed in 2 cm × 2 cm area. 24 h after the operation, wound in each animal was treated daily with Nika cream and phenytoin 1% in normal and diabetic groups. Control group received no treatment. Wound surface area was measured until 24th postoperative day. The time required for the completion of healing was also recorded. Results We demonstrated that Nika cream had distinct and non-exchangeable functions during the wound healing process. The progress of wound healing in diabetic animals was slower than in normal animals, and also healing effect of Nika cream compared with control and normal phenytoin 1% and diabetic test groups was significant (P Conclusion The results showed that Nika cream accelerate the wound healing in normal and diabetic subjects.

Hydrophilic Surface Modification of PDMS Microchannel for O/W and W/O/W Emulsions

A surface modification method for bonded polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels is presented herein. Polymerization of acrylic acid was performed on the surface of a microchannel using an inline atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier microplasma technique. The surface treatment changes the wettability of the microchannel from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. This is a challenging task due to the fast hydrophobic recovery of the PDMS surface after modification. This modification allows the formation of highly monodisperse oil-in-water (O/W) droplets. The generation of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsions was successfully achieved by connecting in series a hydrophobic microchip with a modified hydrophilic microchip. An original channel blocking technique to pattern the surface wettability of a specific section of a microchip using a viscous liquid comprising a mixture of honey and glycerol, is also presented for generating W/O/W emulsions on a single chip.

Effect of alternate food sources on biological parameters of Stethorus pauperculus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

The effect of different alternate food sources on survival, mating frequency, fecundity and egg hatchability of Stethorus pauperculus was tested under laboratory conditions. None of the alternative hosts was able to maintain fertility of the female S. pauperculus, except the primary hosts which included two spotted red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch), sorghum mite (Oligonychus indicus (Hirst)) and yellow mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks)). Although some eggs were laid when S. pauperculus was supplied with pollen and honey mixture, they did not hatch. The most effective food source for maintaining adult longevity was T. urticae (39.30±1.08 days), followed by sorghum mite, O. indicus (29.75±0.67 days) and yellow mite (25.25±0.78 days).

A mixture of honey bee products ameliorates the genotoxic side effects of cyclophosphamide

ObjectiveTo evaluate the protective role of a mixture of honey bee products (honey, royal jelly and pollen grains) against the genotoxicity induced by the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide (CP). MethodsThe study included chromosomal aberration analysis in mice bone marrow cells, induction of morphological sperm abnormalities, DNA fragmentation and histopathological changes induced in liver cells of mice. CP was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 20 mg/kg body weight. The mixture of honey bee products was administrated orally for different periods of time 5, 10 and 15 days with a dose exactly equivalent to the daily intake of human beings. ResultsThe results revealed that honey mixture ameliorated the genotoxic side effects of CP. For chromosomal aberrations the percentage reached 25.20 ± 1.30 for CP treated group, while it reached half of that value 12.30 ± 0.54 in CP-group pretreated with honey mixture for 15 days. Breaks, fragments and multiple aberrations were the most pronounced types of aberrations induced after CP treatment and honey mixture reduced these types of abnormalities. CP induced significant percentage of sperm abnormalities 8.52 ± 0.17 compared to control 3.10 ± 0.10. The percentage of sperm abnormalities reached nearly to the control value in CP- mice treated with honey mixture for 15 days. Honey also reduced the incidence of liver DNA damage induced by CP. The results also indicated that CP had a marked damaging effect on liver tissue including severe dilatation, congestion of main blood vessels and massive infiltration of inflammatory cells with irregular general pattern of the tissue. These effects were greatly ameliorated by using oral administration of honey mixture for different periods of time. ConclusionsThe results concluded that honey bee mixture can be used as chemopreventive agent for minimizing the genotoxic side effects of the anticancer drug CP and open the field for its use in many applications.

Inhibitory Effect of a French Maritime Pine Bark Extract-Based Nutritional Supplement on TNF-α-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells.

Oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to endothelial dysfunction, contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The popularity of natural product supplements has increased in recent years, especially those with purported anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant effects. The efficacy and mechanism of many of these products are not yet well understood. In this study, we tested the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a supplement, HIPER Health Supplement (HIPER), on cytokine-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). HIPER is a mixture of French maritime pine bark extract (PBE), honey, aloe vera, and papaya extract. Treatment for 24 hours with HIPER reduced TNF-α-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that was associated with decreased NADPH oxidase 4 and increased superoxide dismutase-1 expression. HIPER inhibited TNF-α induced monocyte adhesion to HCAECs that was in keeping with decreased expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and decreased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Further investigation of mechanism showed HIPER reduced TNF-α induced IκBα and p38 and MEK1/2 MAP kinases phosphorylation. Our findings show that HIPER has potent inhibitory effects on HCAECs inflammatory and oxidative stress responses that may protect against endothelial dysfunction that underlies early atherosclerotic lesion formation.