Mixed Research Study Research Articles

Understanding Spirituality and Religiosity in the Transgender Community: Implications for Aging

ABSTRACT Given that the established Gerontological literature on the long-term negative impact of violence, abuse, and other negative life events, given that researchers have demonstrated the positive impact of faith, spirituality, and particularly religiosity on long-term health, and given that violence and abuse are a serious, frequent and lifelong experience in the transgender-identified population, we undertook an examination of the religious, spiritual, and faith beliefs and practices of female-to-male (FTM) transgender-identified persons. Results from the FTM survey are herein reported, along with those found in the larger mixed transgender population Transcience Longitudinal Aging Research Study (TLARS). Participants were asked about their religiosity/spirituality/faith beliefs as measured by the Fetzer Multidimensional Measurement of Religiousness/Spirituality instrument and by the TLARS survey instrument, violence and abuse sub-component. The researchers found that the religious beliefs of the respondents differed so dramatically from the normative Judeo-Christian-Islamic belief systems on which conventional psychometric instruments are based that many of the survey respondents expressed difficulty in completing the religiosity/spirituality/faith component of the survey. The researchers conclude that traditional instruments are not likely to be effective for the study of religion/spirituality/faith structures in both the narrow FTM and the more general transgender-identified populations. These findings indicate the need for both a comprehensive ethnographic investigation of FTM religious/spiritual/faith structures and also a re-construction of conventional religiosity/spirituality/faith psychometric instruments more reflective of the life experiences of FTM-declared individuals as well as the more generally the transgender-identified population as a whole. From this, it follows that practitioners who work with elders of these populations must be aware of the diverse and non-traditional nature of belief structures and how these mediate life course development and impact late and end of life struggles.

Developing Theory From Complexity: Reflections on a Collaborative Mixed Method Participatory Action Research Study

Research studies are increasingly complex: They draw on multiple methods to gather data, generate both qualitative and quantitative data, and frequently represent the perspectives of more than one stakeholder. The teams that generate them are increasingly multidisciplinary. A commitment to engaging community members in the research process often adds a further layer of complexity. How to approach a synthesizing analysis of these multiple and varied data sources with a large research team requires considerable reflection and dialogue. In this article, we outline the strategies used by one multidisciplinary team committed to a participatory action research (PAR) approach and engaged in a mixed method program of research to synthesize the findings from four subprojects into a conceptual framework that could guide practice in community mental health organizations. We also summarize factors that hold promise for increasing productivity when managing complex research projects.

Death of a Lifestyle

The purpose of this study was to investigate how social support and healthcare support affect the quality of life of persons with fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. A constant comparison method was used for the qualitative portion of the research and descriptive correlational methods were used for the quantitative portion. This mixed design research study suggested that social support, unlike healthcare support, is related to Quality of Life (QOL). It was also evident that subjects suffering from CFS and/or FMS do not experience high levels of social support.

DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN FULL DAY SCHOOL DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KEMANDIRIAN SISWA

The independence of learning is very important to apply in the environment and educational institutions through the design and implementation of a full day school learning system. Children of school age who is experiencing a period of growth and development of language and social relationships require wider to develop social concepts. This research is a Mixed Research study using Sequential Merge forms. The researcher used both studies in sequence. Primary data from this study were obtained from the results of observations and interviews with research subjects consisting of principal, vice principal of Curriculum Field, Educators, and Staff, Students, School Committees and Parents. Secondary data in this study are books, research journals, or articles related to this research, as well as supporting documents in this study. In this study the authors took a sample of 10% of the population, thus getting 50 students. Data obtained from the results of the questionnaire discussion are processed using a Likert scale. Data analysis in qualitative research is carried out when data collection takes place, and after data collection, and after completion of data collection in a certain period.
 The results of this study are: First, Islamic Senior High School 2 of Serang City combines the National Curriculum (2013 Curriculum) and Islamic School Curriculum; Secondly, Islamic Senior High School 2 has not been full day if they see the characteristics of a full day five working days, but at the level of practice the learning burden has exceeded full days, not to mention there is a teaching and learning program held at the Boarding School; Third, learning the independence of students is carried out inside and outside the classroom for competitive advantage, whereas for more cooperative excellence it is obtained in the boarding school.