Mixed Light Research Articles

Effect of light quality and tissue origin on phenolic compound accumulation and antioxidant activity in Camellia japonica calli

In Camellia japonica callus culture, the effects of light quality on the accumulation of phenolic compounds were examined. To this end, the calli were cultured under three monochrome [white (W), red (R), and blue (B)] and two mixed [red/blue (RB) and red/green/blue (RGB)] light sources. After 4 weeks of culture, fresh and dry callus weights were determined, and phenolic content was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. We also examined the effects of RGB light on calli derived from four origins (leaf: CL; root: CR; petal: CP; and ovary: CO). Total phenolic and flavonoid content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were highest in calli exposed to RB and RGB. Catechin was detected only in calli exposed to mixed light (RB and RGB). Interestingly, red pigmentation development in CL and CR calli after 2 weeks of culture and organogenic calli in CR and CP samples was observed. Furthermore, expression of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase and chalcone synthase genes was found to be higher in the CR line than in other lines, and total phenolic and flavonoid content was also higher in the CR and CP lines. The findings of the present study revealed that the accumulation of phenolics and flavonoids in callus tissue varies depending on light quality, which stimulates cell division, and may thus affect the proliferation and organogenesis of C. japonica callus. We also established that the effects of light on red pigment expression and the accumulation of bioactive compounds are dependent on the tissue origin of callus material.

Genome-wide transcriptome and proteome profiles indicate an active role of alternative splicing during de-etiolation of maize seedlings

AS events affect genes encoding protein domain composition and make the single gene produce more proteins with a certain number of genes to satisfy the establishment of photosynthesis during de-etiolation. The drastic switch from skotomorphogenic to photomorphogenic development is an excellent system to elucidate rapid developmental responses to environmental stimuli in plants. To decipher the effects of different light wavelengths on de-etiolation, we illuminated etiolated maize seedlings with blue, red, blue-red mixed and white light, respectively. We found that blue light alone has the strongest effect on photomorphogenesis and that this effect can be attributed to the higher number and expression levels of photosynthesis and chlorosynthesis proteins. Deep sequencing-based transcriptome analysis revealed gene expression changes under different light treatments and a genome-wide alteration in alternative splicing (AS) profiles. We discovered 41,188 novel transcript isoforms for annotated genes, which increases the percentage of multi-exon genes with AS to 63% in maize. We provide peptide support for all defined types of AS, especially retained introns. Further in silico prediction revealed that 58.2% of retained introns have changes in domains compared with their most similar annotated protein isoform. This suggests that AS acts as a protein function switch allowing rapid light response through the addition or removal of functional domains. The richness of novel transcripts and protein isoforms also demonstrates the potential and importance of integrating proteomics into genome annotation in maize.

Rainfall interception and redistribution by a common North American understory and pasture forb, <i>Eupatorium capillifolium</i> (Lam. dogfennel)

Abstract. In vegetated landscapes, rain must pass through plant canopies and litter to enter soils. As a result, some rainwater is returned to the atmosphere (i.e., interception, I) and the remainder is partitioned into a canopy (and gap) drip flux (i.e., throughfall) or drained down the stem (i.e., stemflow). Current theoretical and numerical modeling frameworks for this process are almost exclusively based on data from woody overstory plants. However, herbaceous plants often populate the understory and are the primary cover for important ecosystems (e.g., grasslands and croplands). This study investigates how overstory throughfall (PT,o) is partitioned into understory I, throughfall (PT) and stemflow (PS) by a dominant forb in disturbed urban forests (as well as grasslands and pasturelands), Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam., dogfennel). Dogfennel density at the site was 56 770 stems ha−1, enabling water storage capacities for leaves and stems of 0.90±0.04 and 0.43±0.02 mm, respectively. As direct measurement of PT,o (using methods such as tipping buckets or bottles) would remove PT,o or disturb the understory partitioning of PT,o, overstory throughfall was modeled (PT,o′) using on-site observations of PT,o from a previous field campaign. Relying on modeled PT,o′, rather than on observations of PT,o directly above individual plants means that significant uncertainty remains with respect to (i) small-scale relative values of PT and PS and (ii) factors driving PS variability among individual dogfennel plants. Indeed, PS data from individual plants were highly skewed, where the mean PS:PT,o′ per plant was 36.8 %, but the median was 7.6 % (2.8 %–27.2 % interquartile range) and the total over the study period was 7.9 %. PS variability (n=30 plants) was high (CV > 200 %) and may hypothetically be explained by fine-scale spatiotemporal patterns in actual overstory throughfall (as no plant structural factors explained the variability). The total PT:PT,o′ was 71 % (median PT:PT,o′ per gauge was 72 %, with a 59 %–91 % interquartile range). Occult precipitation (mixed dew and light rain events) occurred during the study period, revealing that dogfennel can capture and drain dew to their stem base as PS. Dew-induced PS may help explain dogfennel's improved invasion efficacy during droughts (as it tends to be one of the most problematic weeds in the improved grazing systems in the southeastern US). Overall, dogfennel's precipitation partitioning differed markedly from the site's overstory trees (Pinus palustris), and a discussion of the limited literature suggests that these differences may exist across vegetated ecosystems. Thus, more research on herbaceous plant canopy interactions with precipitation is merited.

Red light optimized physiological traits and enhanced the growth of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.)

Light is an important variable affecting the plant growth. In present study, the effects of different color light-emitting diodes (mixed colors, red, blue, and orange light) on plant growth, gas exchange, and oxidative stress were investigated in Boehmeria nivea L., by means of measuring growth, photosynthesis, chlorophyll (Chl) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activity of antioxidant enzymes under controlled conditions. Comparing to the mixed colors light, red light significantly increased shoot and leaf biomass, plant height, number of leaves per plant, and stem diameter by increasing the Chl content and therefore promoting the highest photosynthetic capacity. This might partially be explained by the decrease of malondialdehyde and proline contents as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase under red light, to keep a better internal environment of the cell. However, blue and orange light decreased plant growth, and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes which suggest an environmental stress on plants. These results suggest that red light can enhance B. nivea growth by activating photosynthesis and reducing ROS accumulation.

Coherence, entanglement, and complementarity in mixed classical light.

The classical analogues of quantum correlations have been the subject of considerable interest in the past few years; however, all of these investigations consider the classical analogue of only pure quantum mechanical states. In this work, we study mixed classical light states and derive relations between the polarization coherence of the field and the (classical) entanglement between its degrees of freedom. We show, for a specific model of mixed states, where the purity is determined by a single parameter, how the coherence shared between polarization and entanglement shrinks as the level of purity decreases. The sum of the square of polarization and entanglement remains constant, a behavior consistent with previous results [Phys. Rev. Lett.117, 153901 (2016)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.117.153901] of pure states, even though the constant for the mixed-state case is now smaller in value.

Micropropagation of Camptotheca Acuminata Decne (Nyssaceae) - Endangered Ornamental and Medicinal Tree

Camptotheca acuminata Decne (Nyssaceae) (happy tree, tree of life, cancer tree) is a rapidly growing deciduous and endangered tree endemic to east Tibet and southern China (Liu et al., 2002). C. acuminata is an ornamental tree with monopodial growth, beautiful leaves and shade- and cold- tolerant in their natural environment. Recently, its demand has grown rapidly due to secondary metabolites production like Camptothecin and its derivatives with anti cancer and antivirus activity. The aim of the present study was to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro micropropagation of this valuable plant. Different cultural media based on both MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) or DKW (Driver and Kuniyuki, 1984) formulations with different cytokinins (6-benzylaminopurine, BAP or 2-isopentenyladenine, 2iP or meta-topolin, mT) have been involved. The aromatic cytokinin meta-topolin stimulated plant growth. The optimum multiplication rate of Camptotheca shoots occurred on the DKW basal medium, supplemented with 2.5 µM meta-topolin, grown under mixed LED light. The highest number of roots per plantlets was recorded on the rooting medium with 0.3 mgl-1 NAA.

LED GROUP CONTROL SYSTEM FOR RESEARCH OF COLOR MIXING METHODS

Background. Development of new LED lighting systems, based on different types of LEDs (for example: WW, RGB, RGBW, RGBA, to name a few) and implement a dynamic change of color parameters of light and its intensity in given scenarios, requires the development of new methods of color mixing. These methods need to be tested and improved in the process of their development, as well as take into account the real aspects of application and different power supply modes of LEDs. It is convenient to check the developed methods with the help of specialized programs that allow obtaining and analyzing the total spectral characteristic of mixed light on the basis of known spectral characteristics of individual LEDs in arbitrarily given proportions. However, it is clear that such theoretical color mixing does not take into account the dependences of the photometric parameters of LEDs on the control mode and temperature conditions of their operation, which is observed in practice. These factors indicate the need to develop a group control system for LEDs to implement a practical test of color mixing methods using associated spectrophotometric equipment.Objective. The purpose of the paper is development of a group control system for LEDs for the study of color mixing methods.Methods. Set and control of accuracy of reproduction of current values through the LEDs in a constant and pulse power supply modes.Results. An eight-channel system of group control of LEDs is demonstrated, which operation modes can be adjusted both manually and with the help of a computer, which allows fully automating the study of mixed light parameters using additional spectroradiometric or photometric equipment. Studies of the system parameters have shown that the use of an additional auto-tuning function has significantly increased the accuracy of setting the current values of the supply currents of LEDs and stability of the output currents from the supply voltage of the systemConclusions. The developed system of group control of LEDs can be used for experimental research of theoretical calculations of color mixing models. The results of the research will allow us to analyze the developed methods of color mixing, to improve them and to carry out practical adaptation to artificial LED lighting systems, which are designed to illuminate workplaces and recreation, taking into account the circadian impact on psychophysical and emotional condition, agro-industrial lighting for animals and phytolighting plants, medical treatment or disinfectant lighting, lighting of cultural and artistic objects, outdoor street and industrial lighting.Conclusions. The developed system of group control of LEDs can be used for experimental researches of theoretical calculations of models of mixing of colors. The results of the research will allow to analyze the developed methods of color mixing, to improve them and to carry out practical adaptation to artificial LED lighting systems, which are designed to illuminate workplaces and recreation, taking into account the circadian impact on psychophysical and emotional condition, agro-industrial lighting for animals and phytolighting plants, medical medical or disinfectant lighting, lighting of cultural and artistic objects, outdoor street and industrial lighting.

Physiological responses and ginsenoside production of Panax ginseng seedlings grown under various ratios of red to blue light-emitting diodes

Ginseng, a semi-shade perennial plant, is greatly affected by light. However, light quality has only been studied in a few papers involving growth tests under monochromatic light or based on hairy root cultures. A plant factory with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) may provide high precision and standardization of ginseng seedlings for transplanting, and plant responses to light quality should be investigated for designing the optimal lighting conditions for this environment. In this study, various ratios of red light (R):blue light (B) were set from 100:0 to 0:100% at the same photosynthetic photon flux density of 75 μmol m−2 s−1. As R increased, the shoot length became longer from R75B25, resulting in the single treatment of R being 1.68 times that of B. Compared to monochromatic R or B treatments, the overall growth of ginseng seedlings in R50B50 treatment increased. In the mesophyll structure, mixed light as R50B50 or while LEDs increased starch grains, and only R treatment led to dense chloroplasts in palisade and spongy parenchyma cells. Increasing R ratios had negative effects on CO2 assimilation rate (AN), light-saturated net photosynthesis rate (Asat), and chlorophyll parameters. The higher the R ratio, the higher the ginsenoside content in leaves, while roots were less affected by spectral changes. Monochromatic R induced malformation and senescence of ginseng leaves, while the addition of 25% B was sufficient to prevent the abnormal development of leaves and dysfunctional photosynthetic operation of ginseng seedlings. The results suggest that combinations of R and B should be considered when designing artificial lighting systems for a closed-type plant factory since R affects the morphological characteristics and ginsenoside content of ginseng seedlings.

How ordinary child language acquisition processes can lead to the unusual outcome of a mixed language

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the language processing mechanisms involved when young children bring structural innovations into their community way of speaking, as part of conventionalising code-switching practices to become a mixed language. Approach: The study takes a qualitative approach to the analysis of child language acquisition and adult speech data in two contexts. Data and Analysis: The study analyses naturalistic and spontaneous speech data of children and adults speaking the mixed language, Light Warlpiri, and adults older than that age group who do not speak the new mixed language. It compares an innovative auxiliary form in Light Warlpiri to child non-target speech in English with data taken from the Child Language Data Exchange System corpus. Findings: The findings are that the Light Warlpiri-speaking children used processes of re-analysis that are commonly found in child first language acquisition in other contexts to re-analyse elements of the verbal input, but because of the sociolinguistic context they created an innovative structure. Originality: The study is the first to directly compare processes of innovation in language contact with those of non-target structures in monolingual child language acquisition, identifying the same processes in each. It is also the first to show that a dramatic structural change from a linguistic perspective may be a small, incremental change from a child learner’s perspective. Significance/Implications: The significance of the study is that until now processes of innovation in language contact situations have been thought by many to differ in quality from those in monolingual child language acquisition contexts. This study shows that the child language acquisition processes are the same in each situation, but different sociolinguistic contexts lead to different outcomes for the communities’ ways of speaking. It also shows that children do not bring in new structure that is not motivated by their input; rather, they make small changes to the input they receive.

Simultaneous light spin and orbital angular momentum detection using orthogonal nanoslit pairs in semi-ring array

Light angular momentum is used to characterize the dynamical rotation of electromagnetic wave, as spin angular momentum describes its polarization rotation while orbital angular momentum describes its phase rotation. Though various methods have been proposed to detect light spin or orbital angular momentum independently, it is still a challenge to determine both of them simultaneously. Here, based on orthogonal nanoslit pairs located in semi-ring array, we design an on-chip simultaneous light spin and orbital angular momentum detector, which can generate focus at different positions sensitive to light angular momenta, thus both spin and orbital angular momenta of the indecent light can be determined. It is verified that spin angular momenta of ±1 and orbital angular momenta in wide detection range can be simultaneously determined in high accuracy; moreover, mixed light with multiple spin and orbital angular momenta can also be distinguished. Therefore, the proposed detector provides a way to determine light angular momenta in nanoscale, and can be future applied in the fields of on-chip photonics and plasmonics.

Sensitivity and accuracy of refractive index retrievals from measured extinction and absorption cross sections for mobility-selected internally mixed light absorbing aerosols

Aerosol refractive index (RI) is related to particle composition and density, is used in optical spectroscopy studies to probe aerosol physiochemical properties during chemical reactions and gas-pa...

Feature-Level Fusion of Finger Vein and Fingerprint Based on a Single Finger Image: The Use of Incompletely Closed Near-Infrared Equipment

Due to its portability, convenience, and low cost, incompletely closed near-infrared (ICNIR) imaging equipment (mixed light reflection imaging) is used for ultra thin sensor modules and have good application prospects. However, equipment with incompletely closed structure also brings some problems. Some finger vein images are not clear and there are sparse or even missing veins, which results in poor recognition performance. For these poor quality ICNIR images, however, there is additional fingerprint information in the image. The analysis of ICNIR images reveals that the fingerprint and finger vein in a single ICNIR image can be enhanced and separated. We propose a feature-level fusion recognition algorithm using a single ICNIR finger image. Firstly, we propose contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) and grayscale normalization to enhance fingerprint and finger vein texture, respectively. Then we propose an adaptive radius local binary pattern (ADLBP) feature combined with uniform pattern to extract the features of fingerprint and finger vein. It solves the problem that traditional local binary pattern (LBP) is unable to describe the texture features of different sizes in ICNIR images. Finally, we fuse the feature vectors of ADLBP block histogram for a fingerprint and finger vein, and realize feature-layer fusion recognition by a threshold decision support vector machine (T-SVM). The experimentation results showed that the performance of the proposed algorithm was noticeably better than that of the single model recognition algorithm.

Power Estimation for Indoor Light Energy Harvesting Systems

The growing interest in indoor light energy harvesting for wireless sensor systems and low-power electronics has created a demand for systematic design methods that optimize the system implementation and component choices for different lighting scenarios. Although the spectrum of light is known to influence the efficiency and output power of a photovoltaic (PV) cell, existing power estimation methods neglect the spectrum. By contrast, the power estimation method proposed in this article takes spectral and intensity information into account. It uses low-cost sensors to measure spectral information and select an appropriate device model based on the classification of the light source. The method is evaluated under different light conditions, including individual light sources, mixed artificial light sources, and mixtures of artificial light and sunlight. The results demonstrate that the proposed implementation selects a reasonable model in most cases, including mixed light source conditions. Using light source specific models for PV panels, the resulting estimation error is low and has clear advantages over methods neglecting spectral information.

Enhanced slow and fast light in strong dispersion region of the Raman assisted narrow band fiber optical parametric amplifier

Narrow band fiber optical parametric amplifier with normal second order dispersion is deemed as a potential approach to delay the wide band signal in future optical telecommunication. Due to the combined effect of Raman and four-wave mixing, the slow and fast light is complex in this case. By considering both the real and imaginary part of the Raman susceptibility, two formulas for the phase shift and delay time in the stimulated Raman scattering assisted fiber optical parametric amplifier are presented. The wavelengths with maximum delay and advanced time are calculated numerically. Then we find some narrow frequency regions with the enhanced slow and fast light in both stokes and anti-stokes wave regions, which is the result of strong dispersion generated by the interaction between the stimulated Raman scattering and four-wave-fixing effect at the strong absorption region. In a narrow frequency region around the wavelength with maximum delay or advanced time, the case with low pump power and longer fiber can generate large delay(advanced) time if the signal wave has low bandwidth. Meanwhile, the delay or advanced times in these regions are sensitive to the signal wavelength due to the drastic change of the delay time spectrum. Simulation shows that the delay or advanced time will drop with the signal bandwidth. The time difference between two 1 GHz signal waves with 0.02 nm wavelength separation can reach 290ps in the Raman enhanced slow light region when we employ 2.4W pump power and 1km NZ-DSF. These features of enhanced slow and fast light in the interaction between the stimulated Raman scattering and four wave mixing effect has the potential to be applied in the optical signal processing.

Enhanced adsorption-photocatalytic reduction removal for Cr (VI) based on functionalized TiO2 with hydrophilic monomers by pre-radiation induced grafting-ring opening method

A novel and enhanced adsorption-photocatalytic reduction performances of Cr (VI) photocatalyst on TiO2-g-GMA/NMG (noted as: TGN) was prepared by pre-radiation grafting and ring-opening reaction with Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and N-methyl glucamine (NMG). The surface and microstructure properties of photocatalyst were manifested by FTIR, TG, XRD, DRS, XPS, BET and contact angle. Morphologies of TGN were characterized further by FE-SEM and HR-TEM. The highly activity of TGN was tested by the reduction of Cr (VI) into Cr (III) in aqueous medium under mixed light. The results showed that the TGN (NMG:18%, 60 kGy) also had a highest removal rate (81.8%) of Cr (VI) only for 1 h at [Cr(VI)] = 10 ppm, [TGN] = 10 mg/50 mL and pH = 3.0. In addition, the adsorption-photocatalytic reduction mechanism of Cr (VI) by TGN consisted of three processes was proposed. Generally, this TGN complex photocatalyst has good potential for application in the field of water pollution treatment containing high valence heavy metal ions.

Effect of light quality on the cultivation of chlorella pyrenoidosa

Effect of light quality, including red light, blue light, white light, red and blue mixing light with 8:1, 8:2 and 8:3, on the growth characteristics and metabolite accumulation of chlorella pyrenoidosa was conducted based on light emitting diode (LED). Results showed that chlorella pyrenoidosa grew best under blue light, and the optical density, specific growth rate and biomass of chlorella pyrenoidosa was about 2.4, 0.10 d-1and 6.4 g·L-1, respectively, while the optical density of chlorella pyrenoidosa was between 1.0 and 1.7, specific growth rate was between 0.06-0.10 d-1and biomass was between 2.7 and 3.8 g·L-1under other light quality after 30 days of cultivation. The optical density, specific growth rate and biomass of chlorella pyrenoidosa was approximately 2.05 times, 1.33 times and 2.06 times under blue light than red light, respectively. Moreover, Red and blue mixing light was conducive to the synthesis of chlorophyll a and carotenoids of chlorella pyrenoidosa, and blue light could promote the synthesis of chlorophyll b. Chlorophyll a and carotenoids content of chlorella pyrenoidosa was 13.5 mg·g-1and 5.8 mg·g-1respectively under red and blue mixing light with 8:1, while it was 8.4 mg·g-1and 3.6 mg·g-1respectively under blue light. Red and blue mixing light was more conducive to protein and total lipid content per dry cell of chlorella pyrenoidosa. Protein and total lipid content was 489.3 mg·g-1and 311.2 mg·g-1under red and blue mixing light with 8:3, while it was 400.9 mg·g-1and 231.9 mg·g-1respectively under blue light.

Canonical Illumination Decomposition and Its Applications

Raw data acquired by imaging devices are converted into digital images by post-processing algorithms. However, these algorithms are significantly affected by numerous illumination conditions. Particularly, in the case in which illumination conditions depend on canonical light sources, unwanted light sources that locally illuminate the scene or mixed light from several light sources are recognized as the spatially varying illumination conditions. These complex illumination conditions cause several artifacts by affecting the digital image acquisition process. For example, optical aberrations are generated by refraction of complex light, or illumination estimation is significantly affected by the different color temperatures of multiple light sources. To overcome these problems, this study proposes an algorithm that decomposes the complex illumination from several light sources. First, the spatially varying illumination condition is discussed, and the artifacts generated by the conditions, such as false colors and aberrations, are analyzed. Second, mixed light from several canonical light sources is decomposed based on the imaging devices and spectral information of the canonical light sources. The proposed method has low complexity and increased applicability. Furthermore, the improvement scheme based on the proposed method has a parallelized structure and can be easily applied to various types of algorithms, such as color constancy, deconvolution, denoising, and contrast enhancement. The algorithms employing the improvement scheme show the potential of the proposed method for solving the problems associated with multiple light sources.

Tunable LED Lighting With Five Channels of RGCWW for High Circadian and Visual Performances

In this study, red, green, cyan, warm white and cool white (RGCWW) LEDs are individually controlled to simulate dynamic daylight. The spectral power distributions (SPDs) are measured for both the daylight and the mixed white light. The correlated color temperature (CCT), circadian action factor (CAF) curves in the daytime of the mixed white LED almost overlap to those of daylight with a small error of about 1%. The CIE chromaticity coordinates of the mixed white light are distributed along the Planckian locus with a little deviation below 0.003. Also, its color rendering index (CRI) is above 90. The RGCWW five-chip LEDs of high circadian and visual performances will benefit to synchronize circadian rhythm in closed environment during long time without daylight, combined with better mood and alertness. The simulation errors and development trend of the mixed lighting are discussed.

Morphological changes and antioxidative capacity of jute (Corchorus capsularis, Malvaceae) under different color light-emitting diodes

Light quality is an important environmental factor controlling plant growth and development. On the other hand, jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) (jute) is sensitive to light quality and the factory production of C. capsularis for vegetable use and for transplanting in the field requires an investigation of the responses of C. capsularis to light quality. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different color light-emitting diodes (LED) on growth, chlorophyll contents, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidative defense system in C. capsularis under glasshouse environment. Different light-emitting diodes were used in this study: white light (WL), red light (RL), dark red light (DL), mixed dark red light (ML), blue light (BL) and orange light (OL). Results showed that RL, DL and ML significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased plant height, crown length and plant biomass as compared with control (WL). All red-light spectrum, i.e., RL, DL and ML, improved leaf development, but decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents as well as activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). Meanwhile, chlorophyll contents were also augmented. In contrast, BL and OL reduced plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll contents and increased activities of SOD, POD, content of proline, MDA, and reduced the total soluble protein which suggested that plants grown under BL and OL undergo high environmental stress. These results depicted that all red lights, i.e., red, dark red, mixed red lights, can be effectively implemented for industrial production of C. capsularis.

Tunable Four-Wave Mixing Light Source Based on Photonic Crystal Fibers With Variable Chromatic Dispersion

We present a detailed experimental study of four-wave mixing tuning in photonic crystal fibers that were filled either with ethanol or with heavy water. It is demonstrated that wide tuning ranges can be achieved in both cases through the variable chromatic dispersion generated by thermo-optic effect. Tunability of the signal band from 745 nm to 919 nm, and of the idler band from 1260 nm to 1759 nm is demonstrated with a pump at 1064 nm. Numerical calculations were carried out and show good agreement with experimental measurements.