Mixed Bacterial Flora Research Articles

Antibacterial Efficacy of a Human β-Defensin-3 Peptide on Multispecies Biofilms

IntroductionThe aggregation of mixed bacterial flora into sessile biofilms on root canal surfaces can be one of the causes of persistent apical periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of human β-defensin-3 (HBD3) peptide on multispecies biofilms by using confocal laser scanning microscopy. MethodsActinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacillus salivarius, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis were cultured in a peptone-yeast-glucose broth, and their culture suspensions were combined in equal proportions. The mixed bacteria were inoculated on sterile coverslips placed into the wells of tissue culture plates to permit the formation of mixed species biofilm. After incubation for 3 weeks, the samples were treated for 24 hours with saline (control), saturated calcium hydroxide solution (CH), 2% chlorhexidine solution (CHX), and 50 μg/mL HBD3 solution. A commercial biofilm/viability assay kit was used to assess cell viability and analyze the 3-dimensional architecture of biofilms. The percentage of dead cells was determined from the ratio of biovolumes for the red subpopulation and the total biofilm. ResultsThree medication groups showed a significant reduction of biovolume within the biofilms compared with the control group (P < .001). The HBD3-treated biofilms had a higher percentage of dead cells than the other medication groups (P < .05). The CH and CHX groups showed higher levels of bactericidal activity than saline (P < .05), and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05). ConclusionsHBD3 peptide exhibited more antibacterial activity against mature multispecies biofilms in vitro than either CH or CHX.

Bioleaching of Arsenic-Rich Gold Concentrates by Bacterial Flora before and after Mutation

In order to improve the bioleaching efficiency of arsenic-rich gold concentrates, a mixed bacterial flora had been developed, and the mutation breeding method was adopted to conduct the research. The original mixed bacterial flora had been enrichedin acid mine drainage of Dexing copper mine, Jiangxi Province, China. It was induced by UV (ultraviolet), ultrasonic, and microwave, and their combination mutation. The most efficient bacterial flora after mutation was collected for further bioleaching of arsenic-rich gold concentrates. Results indicated that the bacterial flora after mutation by UV 60 s combined with ultrasonic 10 min had the best oxidation rate of ferrous, the biggest density of cells, and the most activity of total protein. During bioleaching of arsenic-rich gold concentrates, the density of the mutant bacterial cells reached to 1.13 × 108 cells/mL at 15 days, more than 10 times compared with that of the original culture. The extraction of iron reached to 95.7% after 15 days, increased by 9.9% compared with that of the original culture. The extraction of arsenic reached to 92.6% after 12 days, which was increased by 46.1%. These results suggested that optimum combined mutation could improve leaching ability of the bacterial flora more significantly.

Fournier Gangrene from a Thirty-Two-Centimeter Rectosigmoid Foreign Body

BackgroundMedical and surgical problems associated with rectal foreign bodies are rare. Although most rectal foreign bodies can be removed without subsequent sequelae, they pose significant risk of infection. ObjectivesWe report a patient with a 32-cm rectosigmoid foreign body and subsequent development of Fournier gangrene despite successful removal of the foreign body. Case ReportA 63-year-old Caucasian man with past medical history of diabetes mellitus and depression presented with a chief complaint of “something stuck in my intestine.” He admitted that he placed a foreign body in the rectum. Abdominal X-ray study and computed tomography of the abdomen/pelvis showed a conical-shaped 32-cm rectosigmoid foreign body. The foreign body was removed manually and follow-up colonoscopy was done. The patient's condition deteriorated in the first 2 days of hospital stay and he was diagnosed with Fournier gangrene. He required multiple surgeries and received broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage for mixed bacterial flora grown from deep tissue. ConclusionRectal foreign bodies can cause Fournier gangrene. A close observation and follow-up is important after removal of rectal foreign bodies.

Long-term gene expression profile dynamics following cecal ligation and puncture in the rat

BackgroundDespite the fact that the treatment options for septic patients have been significantly improved, the pathophysiologic changes caused by various septic cases have not been well understood. One commonly observed clinical phenomenon is the onset of a polymicrobial infection caused by bacteria that originate in the intestine but enter the peritoneum via translocation from the gut. This triggers a systemic inflammatory response via the innate immune system, which needs to be well characterized. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) is considered to be the gold-standard animal model by establishing infection with mixed bacterial flora and necrotic tissue to induce an inflammatory response. The aim of this study is to analyze the long-term gene expression dynamics in the rats subject to CLP in order to characterize the impact of sepsis upon liver function over an 8-d time period. MethodsRats received CLP or its control, sham CLP (SCLP), and then they were sacrificed at 9 am on days 0 (no treatment), 1, 2, 5, and 8 post injury to collect liver samples for microarray analysis. Differentially expressed probe sets in CLP versus SCLP (q value <0.001 and P value <0.001) were combined to form one single matrix, which was then clustered using the approach of “consensus clustering” to identify subsets of transcripts with coherent expression patterns. Finally, the gene expression patterns of the clusters were further transformed into principal components, which account for 65% of the total data. ResultsThree major clusters were obtained. The first cluster, which is mainly related to genes of anti-inflammatory response and antioxidative properties, is suppressed early in the CLP condition and later upregulated compared to the SCLP condition. Cluster 2 represents pro-inflammatory responses and signaling, along with amino acid metabolism. Cluster 3 is also associated with pro-inflammatory response. The genes of toll-like receptor signaling and hypermetabolism were identified in this cluster as well. Clusters 2 and 3 are both suppressed in the long-term response following CLP. Clusters 1 and 2 acting in concert return to the time 0 baseline in both groups, indicating resolution of both the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory response; however, the SCLP response in cluster 3 shows persistent downregulation. ConclusionsCharacterization of long-term hepatic responses to injury is critical to understanding the dynamics of transcriptional changes following the induction of the inflammatory response, and to monitoring its effective resolution. These results showed that each condition has unique dynamics that indicate fundamental differences in the response. Furthermore, the gene ontologies suggest a link to oxidative stress over the long term that may be able to be explored for clinical treatments.

The Impact of the Types of Microorganisms Isolated from Blood and Wounds on the Results of Treatment in Burn Patients with Sepsis

Despite development of combustiology, infections continue to be the most important cause of death among patients with burns. Sepsis is the most severe clinical presentation of infection in patients after thermal injuries who require immediate treatment. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of sepsis are important in the clinical management that is often hampered for multiple reasons, e.g. impaired patient immunity, problems with microorganisms with multi-antibacterial drug resistance. The aim of the study was to assess effect of type of a microorganism isolated from blood and wound on results of treatment of sepsis in patients with burns. Effect of type of microorganisms isolated from blood and wound on the result of treatment of sepsis was studied in 338 patients hospitalized immediately after an injury in Centre for Burn Treatment in Siemianowice Śląskie in years 2003 - 2004 (at the age of 18 - 96 years, 66 women and 272 men). Clinical symptoms of generalized infection were found in all study subjects. The study group was divided into two subgroups: cured patients and patients who died of sepsis. The following parameters were assessed in both subgroups: type of microorganism isolated from blood, type of microorganism isolated from wound as well as occurrence of the same and different infections of blood and burn wound. positive blood cultures were found in 165 patients (48.8%), 106 (64.2%) were cured, 59 (35.8%) died. The most commonly isolated microorganisms in cured patients were Gram(+) Staphylococcus epidermidis MRSE (19.81%) and Staphylococcus aureus MRSA (18.87%). Gram(-) intestinal rods were least commonly isolated from this group. The most commonly isolated microorganisms from blood of patients who were to die, included non-fermenting Gram(-) rods Acinetobacter baumannii (35.59%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.03%). Mixed bacterial flora was found in the blood of 22.03% patients. Among patients who were to die, the same microorganisms were found in the blood and in the wound in 32.2% of patients, while this rate was 17.92 in cured patients. The most commonly found bacteria in the blood and burn wound in the cured patients included Staphylococcus aureus MRSA (31.58%) and Staphylococcus aureus (21.05%). In the group of patients who were to die, the most common bacteria isolated simultaneously from the blood and burn wound included Acinetobacter baumannii (47.37%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.84%). 1. The patients with thermal injuries are at higher risk of death in the event of sepsis caused by Gram(-) bacteria versus Gram(+) bacteria. 2. Infection of blood and burn wound caused by the same bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanni increases the risk of death due to sepsis in patients with burns following thermal injuries.

Clinical effects of nifuratel in vulvovaginal infections. A meta-analysis of metronidazole-controlled trials.

Nifuratel (CAS 4936-47-4) displays a strong antiprotozoarian and antibacterial activity and is provided with certain fungicidal effect, but it is not active against the physiologic flora. Its therapeutic effectiveness has been evaluated in more than 12,000 patients. The wide clinical experience with nifuratel confirms that the drug is safe and effective for the treatment of trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, candidosis, and, particularly, in patients suffering from mixed vaginal infection. A meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing nifuratel and metronidazole (CAS 443-48-1) in vulvovaginal infections was performed. All parallel-group metronidazole-controlled trials carried out in patients with vulvovaginal infections have been included, complying with the following criteria: 1) cure assessed both as disappearance of symptoms and signs, and negative microbiological findings; 2) microbiological tests performed with valid methods still used in current practice. Seven clinical trials have been selected, including overall 1767 patients, 832 out of whom were treated with nifuratel and 935 with metronidazole. The results of the meta-analysis confirmed the equivalence between nifuratel and metronidazole: overall proportion of cured patients in the two groups were 88.5% and 90.0%, respectively, in the presence of homogeneity among studies (p = 0.342). In the fixed and random effect analyses, the confidence interval of Odds ratio included 1 and the p values for testing the hypothesis of no difference between treatments were 0.656-1.266, p = 0.582 (fixed effects) and 0.643-1.290, p = 0.599 (random effects), respectively, indicating equivalence. Furthermore, some controlled studies and the wide clinical experience showed that the cure rate of nifuratel in patients with mixed infections due to Trichomonas vaginalis + Candida or Trichomonas vaginalis + bacteria or with bacterial vaginosis and mixed bacterial flora is higher than that of metronidazole, due to the wide spectrum of action of nifuratel.

A problematic pathway: A patient with asymptomatic gross hematuria

An 84-year-old woman with a chronic indwelling Foley catheter for urinary incontinence was sent to the emergency department after 24 hours of gross hematuria. The patient was otherwise asymptomatic and denied fever, chills, dysuria, or any other pain. Urinalysis revealed the following: pH, 8; leukocyte esterase, 3+; and blood, 3+. A microscopic examination showed 12 white blood cells/high-power field, 5 red blood cells/high-power field, and many squamous epithelial cells. Mixed bacterial flora grew on a urine culture.

ANTIMICROBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NEW NATURAL ANTISEPTIC FORMULATION ON NON-INFECTED VENOUS LEG ULCER: PILOT STUDY

Venous leg ulcers represent a significant public health problem that will increase as the population ages. Numerous herbs and their extracts are potentially conducive to wound healing, including the ability to serve as antimicrobial, antifungal, astringent etc. The aim of the study was to establish the in-vivo antimicrobial effects of herbal hydrogel formulation DermaplantG. The major components of the DermaplantG were the extracts of Allii bulbus, Hyperici herba and extract of Calendulae flos. A total of 12 patients with non-infected venous leg ulcers were treated twice daily, for 5 weeks, with new hydrogel formulation. All ulcers showed clinical signs of contamination or colonization without signs of systemic infection. Premoistening the swab with sterile saline was considered when the surface of the wound was dry. The tip of the swab was rolled on its side in a zigzag pattern for at least one full rotation. Standard methods for isolation and identification of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were used. On baseline assessment, a large number of different types of bacteria were detected in all venous leg ulcers. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were isolated from almost all controls. On baseline, mixed bacterial flora (50%) was isolated in six venous leg ulcers (five ulcers with S. aureus-P. aeruginosa and one ulcer with E.coli-Enterobacter sppP.aeruginosa). At the end of the treatment in DermaplantG group in 8 venous ulcers were detected S. aureus (66.66%) and P. aeruginosa (16.66%), and one venous leg ulcers was detected as sterile (8.33%). The number of different types of isolated bacterial species decreased significantly (P<0.05) after the use of DermaplantG herbal preparations. Therapy in DermaplantG group was administered without any side effects. The preliminary results of this pilot study demonstrate potential antimicrobial effects of herbal therapy on non-infected venous leg ulcers. Acta Medica Medianae 2011;

76: Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) in response to infection with single species versus mixed bacterial flora in women with preterm birth (PTB)

76: Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) in response to infection with single species versus mixed bacterial flora in women with preterm birth (PTB)

Factors related to elevated vaginal pH in the first trimester of pregnancy

To assess different bacterial and epidemiological factors associations with increased vaginal pH in the pregnant women population during the first trimester. A cross-sectional, observational study. Three outpatient clinics in Riga. From July 2009 until January 2010, 139 unselected consecutive pregnant women at the first prenatal visit. Pregnant women were submitted to an interview, vaginal examination and vaginal specimen collection for pH measurement and native microscopy. Vaginal pH ≥4.5 was considered as elevated. Abnormal bacterial microflora was classified according to Donders. Elevated vaginal pH was significantly associated with bacterial vaginosis (p < 0.001), aerobic vaginitis (p < 0.001) and mixed aerobic vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis flora (p < 0.001) and presence of sperm cells in the smears (p= 0.024). Most cases with sperm were associated with abnormal vaginal flora. Normal lactobacillary morphotypes were more often found in the pH ≤4.4 group (p < 0.001), while leptosomic and short types were found more frequently with increased pH. Elevated vaginal pH is associated with different types of abnormal vaginal flora and the presence of sperm cells.

Development and validation of an in vivo Candida albicans biofilm denture model.

The most common form of oral candidiasis, denture-associated stomatitis, involves biofilm growth on an oral prosthetic surface. Cells in this unique environment are equipped to withstand host defenses and survive antifungal therapy. Studies of the biofilm process on dentures have primarily been limited to in vitro models. We developed a rodent acrylic denture model and characterized the Candida albicans and mixed oral bacterial flora biofilm formation, architecture, and drug resistance in vivo, using time course quantitative culture experiments, confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and antifungal susceptibility assays. We also examined the utility of the model for measurement of C. albicans gene expression and tested the impact of a specific gene product (Bcr1p) on biofilm formation. Finally, we assessed the mucosal host response to the denture biofilm and found the mucosal histopathology to be consistent with that of acute human denture stomatitis, demonstrating fungal invasion and neutrophil infiltration. This current oral denture model mimics human denture stomatitis and should be useful for testing the impact of gene disruption on biofilm formation, studying the impact of anti-infectives, examining the biology of mixed Candida-oral bacterial flora biofilm infections, and characterizing the host immunologic response to this disease process.

Community-acquired complicated intra-abdominal infections in children hospitalized during 1995–2004 at a paediatric surgery department

Information on the epidemiologic, clinical, microbiologic and therapeutic aspects of community-acquired complicated intra-abdominal infections in paediatrics is limited. The objectives of this study were to investigate the epidemiologic, clinical, microbiologic and therapeutic characteristics of community-acquired complicated intra-abdominal infections occurring in children aged 1 month-15 y. Medical charts and microbiology data of all children hospitalized with complicated intra-abdominal infections were retrospectively examined. Complicated intra-abdominal infections were defined as infections extending beyond the viscus of origin into the peritoneal space, with subsequent development of abscess or peritonitis. One hundred and twenty-three patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (99/123, 80% >5 y of age) were included; 113 (92%) had complicated acute appendicitis. Twelve (10%) patients underwent computerized tomography-guided percutaneous drainage of periappendicular abscesses. The mean rate of complicated intra-abdominal infections among patients with complicated acute appendicitis was 10% without significant changes during the study years. Positive intra-abdominal cultures were recorded in 97/108 (90%) evaluable patients; 65/97 (67%) cases were characterized by mixed bacterial flora growth. One hundred and ninety pathogens (aerobes n=164, 86%; anaerobes n=26, 14%) were isolated. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (94 isolates, 57%). In vitro amoxicillin/clavulanate coverage of E. coli and Klebsiella spp was modest (81% and 86%, respectively). The ampicillin/gentamicin/metronidazole regimen was more appropriate in vitro than the amoxicillin/clavulanate regimen (3/80, 4% resistant pathogens compared with 8/43, 19%; p=0.02). Post-operative complications were recorded in 33/123 (27%) patients. Time until defervescence to < 37.5 degrees C was shorter in children with periappendicular abscess than in children with generalized peritonitis (6+/-4 vs 4+/-3 days; p=0.009). (1) most community-acquired complicated intra-abdominal infections occurred as a result of acute appendicitis; (2) the rate of complicated intra-abdominal infections among patients with acute appendicitis was low and without significant changes during the study period; (3) E. coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen; (4) amoxicillin/clavulanate provided only partial coverage for complicated intra-abdominal infection pathogens and should be used with caution in the empiric treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections.

A comparative study of the ability of EMA and PMA to distinguish viable from heat killed mixed bacterial flora from fish fillets

Ethidium bromide monoazide (EMA) and propidium monoazide (PMA) were utilized to selectively allow real-time PCR (Rti-PCR) amplification of target DNA from viable but not heat killed cells from the mixed bacterial flora derived from cod fillets. A linear range of DNA amplification was exhibited from 3.2 × 10 2 to 1.0 × 10 5 genomic targets per Rti-PCR. Following the heat treatment of cell suspensions the surviving populations with the EMA and PMA Rti-PCR method were evaluated by comparison with plate counts and MPN assays following different heat exposures (45 to 95 °C) for 5 min. The percent of erroneous survival with PMA Rti-PCR was higher than with EMA treatment. Cellular leakage was examined by following the extracellular increase of 260 and 280 nm absorbing materials. Initial leakage of protein and nucleic acids occurred at 50 °C, the maximal amount of leakage occurred at 70 °C.

Activity of a Lactobacillus acidophilus–Based Douche for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by alteration of the normal vaginal microflora, in which a mixed anaerobic bacterial flora becomes prevalent over the population of lacobacilli. Because administration of probiotics might be of some utility in restoring a normal flora, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a Lactobacillus acidophilus-strain-based douche on the vaginal environment in bacterial vaginosis. In an open-label pilot evaluation, 40 women with bacterial vaginosis as defined by Amsel's criteria were treated for 6 days with a douche containing L. acidophilus. Vaginal smears were collected from the patients and analyzed according to Nugent's criteria at the time of diagnosis, after 6 days of treatment, and again at 20 days after the last treatment. At the same times, determination of vaginal pH and a Whiff test were performed. The Nugent score decreased significantly from bacterial vaginosis or an intermediate flora toward a normal flora during treatment, and remained low during the follow-up period for almost all of the patients, indicating bacterial vaginosis in 52.5% and in 7.5% of the patients before treatment and at follow-up, respectively. After treatment, significant decreases in vaginal pH were observed, to less than pH 4.5 in 34/40 women, and the odor test became negative in all of the patients. In this preliminary study, treatment of bacterial vaginosis with a vaginal douche containing a strain of L. acidophilus contributed to the restoration of a normal vaginal environment.

Infliximab in Pediatric Crohn Disease Patients With Enterovesicular Fistulas

Infliximab in Pediatric Crohn Disease Patients With Enterovesicular Fistulas

Zapalenie zatok żylnych w przebiegu zapaleń uszu

Thrombophlebitis of dura venous sinuses is a rare intracranial complication of otitis media, which may be sometimes accompanied by symptoms or sepsis. Anatomical conditions and early diagnosis of this vascular complication determine the treatment modality. Aim of this study was the assessment of diagnostics and treatment of venous sinuses thrombophlebitis in acute and chronic otitis media considering anatomy and the venous sinuses and status of coagulation system. Otogenic thrombophlebitis may occur in lateral, transverse, upper and lower petrosal sinuses, and rarely in cavernous. In some cases thrombophlebitis proces may expand into brain or emissary mastoid veins. Lateral sinus thrombophlebitis in chronic otitis media usually appears clinically as septic fever, earache, and increasing neurologic signs. In acute otitis media when thrombophlebitis develops the patient complains about headache, high fever and visual acquity. Diagnosis of venous sinus thrombophlebitis is based on clinical signs, radiological imaging (CT scan, MRI), bacteriological examinations and laboratory biochemical tests. Contrast enhanced CT scan shows "delta sign". Septic thrombophlebitis sinus sigmoidei is caused by mixed bacterial flora. Surgical treatment in cases with septic thrombus consists of radical modiffied ear operation and lateral sinus exposure. Thrombectomy and jugular vein ligation is performed when sepsis or thrombus is present. Mastoidectomy and tympanic cavity drainage is performed in cases with lateral sinus thrombosis in acute mastoiditis. Intravenous antibiotics therapy should be continued for 2 weeks. Anticoagulants should be given taking into consideration parameters of coagulation system and the type of thrombus. Treatment results of venous sinuses thrombophlebitis are good if they are not accompanied by other intracranial complications.

Direct Application of the Polymerase Chain Reaction for Quantification of Total Bacteria on Fish Fillets

A rapid, conventional PCR assay that quantifies total bacteria from fish fillets is described. The methodology is based on the use of the universal primers DG74 and RW01 to amplify a 370-bp conserved sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The intensity of amplified DNA bands (from mixed bacterial flora of fish fillets) in agarose gels was found to be linear from 5 × 102 to 1 × 105 CFU/PCR. Differential centrifugation of tissue homogenates followed by sample dilution was successful in eliminating PCR inhibition by tissue components. A standard curve was generated relating the intensity of fluorescence of DNA bands to the log of bacterial numbers for rapidly assessing the total number of bacteria per gram of fish tissue by PCR.

Selection of Universal Primers for PCR Quantification of Total Bacteria Associated With Fish Fillets

An optimal universal primer pair DG74/RW01 for quantitative PCR detection of the mixed bacterial flora from fish fillets was selected from five pairs of primers. The minimum detection limits with GelStar™ and ethidium bromide (EB) used as agarose stains for DNA bands with these primers were found to be 5 and 1 × 102 CFU/PCR, respectively. The liner range of DNA amplification was from 50 to 1 × 105 with GelStar™ and from 5 × 102 to 1 × 105 with EB.

Use of ethidium bromide monoazide for quantification of viable and dead mixed bacterial flora from fish fillets by polymerase chain reaction

Ethidium bromide monoazide (EMA) was utilized to selectively allow conventional PCR amplification of target DNA from viable but not dead cells from a broth culture of bacterial mixed flora derived from cod fillets. The universal primers designated DG74 and RW01 that amplify a 370-bp sequence of a highly conserved region of all eubacterial 16S rDNA were used for the PCR. The use of 10 μg/ml or less of EMA did not inhibit the PCR amplification of DNA derived from viable bacteria. The minimum amount of EMA to completely inhibit the PCR amplification of DNA derived from dead bacterial cells was 0.8 μg/ml. Amplification of target DNA from only viable cells in a suspension with dead cells was selectively accomplished by first treating the cells with 1 μg/ml of EMA. A standard curve was generated relating the intensity of fluorescence of DNA bands to the log of CFU of mixed bacterial cultures for rapidly assessing the number of genomic targets per PCR derived from the number of CFU. A linear range of DNA amplification was exhibited from 1 × 10 2 to 1 × 10 5 genomic targets per PCR. The viable/dead cell discrimination with the EMA-PCR method was evaluated by comparison with plate counts following freezing and thawing. Thawing frozen cell suspensions initially containing 1 × 10 5 CFU/ml at 4, 20, and 37 °C yielded a 0.8 log reduction in the number of viable cells determined by both plate counts and EMA-PCR. In contrast, thawing for 5 min at 70 °C resulted in a 5 log reduction in CFU derived from plate counts (no CFU detected) whereas the EMA-PCR procedure resulted in only a 2.8 log reduction in genomic targets, possibly reflecting greater damage to enzymes or ribosomes at 70 °C to a minority of the mixed population compared to membrane damage.

Sensibilidade antimicrobiana de bactérias aeróbicas isoladas de úlceras leishmanióticas, em Corte de Pedra, BA

A prospective study regarding aspects of antimicrobial susceptibility aspects was realized among patients with tegumentary leishmaniasis in Corte de Pedra, Bahia. Cases were composed mainly of adolescent and adult farmer patients with single lesions. Staphylococcus aureus predominated (83%) in the cultures with susceptibility to the majority of antibiotics. A mixed bacterial flora in ulcers was encountered in 37 (44.1%) patients. Among the gram-negative bacteria isolated, Enterobacter sp (13.1%), Proteus sp (8.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%) and Klebsiella sp (7.1%) were mainly found with susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, aminoglycosides, third generation cephalosporin and carbapenems.