Mixed Approach Research Articles

Real-time data sensing and digital twin model development for pavement material mixing: enhancing workability and optimisation

ABSTRACT An essential aspect of pavement construction sustainability is its low-energy consumption and emissions. The study of pavement materials workability tests holds significant importance in terms of achieving well-mixed conditions with low-energy consumption. The complex components of the material and the uncertain kinematic behaviours of aggregates during mixing make this process challenging. And, few studies of the signal response of pavement materials have been found in the field of civil engineering. For this purpose, an accurate evaluation and monitoring approach for mixing are needed. In this paper, a wireless real-time sensing method is used to monitor the dynamic behaviour of aggregates during mixing. A 3D digital twin model, combining data-sensing techniques and numerical simulation, has been proposed for rapid identification of the mixing material. This model has been validated via a data-fusion algorithm. The application of this model makes a contribution to the data-intensive analysing jobs and decision-making tasks in pavement construction engineering.

Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and social professionals working with people with disabilities: A qualitative study.

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, protection and isolation measures established by the Canadian and Quebec governments have directly affected the work of health and social professionals (HSPs). These measures have added pressure on HSPs, complexified their work and added tasks to their already busy workload. However, few studies have explored in depth the impacts of the pandemic on HSPs working with people with disabilities. The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the experiences of HSPs working among people with disabilities in the province of Quebec, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic (January and February 2021), including the impact on their work, the relationships with their colleagues, and on their immediate social and familial environment. HSPs participated in a semi-structured interview. A mixed thematic analysis approach, combining inductive and deductive coding, was carried out using N'Vivo 12. Fifty-five HSPs participated in the interviews (mean [SD] age, 42 [9]). They mostly identified as women (91%). Three main themes representing the impacts of the pandemic were identified, including 1) Health and Well-being; 2) Family and social networks including the subthemes; 2.1) Fear of being a vector of contamination for their loved ones; 2.2) Work-family balance; 2.3) Social Network, and finally 3) Work, highlighting, including 3.1) Workload and adaptative strategies developed; 3.2) Relationship with colleagues; 3.3) Perceived support received at work, and 3.4) Services offered to patients. These findings highlight the importance of closely tracking and supporting the well-being of HSPs.

A Hybrid Neuromorphic Object Tracking and Classification Framework for Real-Time Systems.

Deep learning inference that needs to largely take place on the "edge" is a highly computational and memory intensive workload, making it intractable for low-power, embedded platforms such as mobile nodes and remote security applications. To address this challenge, this article proposes a real-time, hybrid neuromorphic framework for object tracking and classification using event-based cameras that possess desirable properties such as low-power consumption (5-14 mW) and high dynamic range (120 dB). Nonetheless, unlike traditional approaches of using event-by-event processing, this work uses a mixed frame and event approach to get energy savings with high performance. Using a frame-based region proposal method based on the density of foreground events, a hardware-friendly object tracking scheme is implemented using the apparent object velocity while tackling occlusion scenarios. The frame-based object track input is converted back to spikes for TrueNorth (TN) classification via the energy-efficient deep network (EEDN) pipeline. Using originally collected datasets, we train the TN model on the hardware track outputs, instead of using ground truth object locations as commonly done, and demonstrate the ability of our system to handle practical surveillance scenarios. As an alternative tracker paradigm, we also propose a continuous-time tracker with C++ implementation where each event is processed individually, which better exploits the low latency and asynchronous nature of neuromorphic vision sensors. Subsequently, we extensively compare the proposed methodologies to state-of-the-art event-based and frame-based methods for object tracking and classification, and demonstrate the use case of our neuromorphic approach for real-time and embedded applications without sacrificing performance. Finally, we also showcase the efficacy of the proposed neuromorphic system to a standard RGB camera setup when simultaneously evaluated over several hours of traffic recordings.

The effects of pedagogical mentoring and coaching on primary school teachers’ professional development practices and students’ learning engagements in classrooms in Oromia regional state: implications for professionalism

ABSTRACT The study examined the effects of pedagogical mentoring and coaching on teachers’ professional development practices and students’ learning engagements in classrooms. The study employed mixed approach with concurrent triangulation design. The researcher selected samples of the study using availability, stratified and simple random sampling techniques. The researcher collected data using questionnaires, interviews, observation and document examination, and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and narration. The mentoring practices improved teachers’ basic professional competencies (R2 = .2437 at p > .05). This contributed to students’ learning engagements (R2 = .1101 at p > .05). The coaching practices improved specific competency development (R2 = .1851 at p > .05). This contributed to students’ learning engagements (R2 = .0971 at p > .05). Mentoring and coaching practices occurred against plan-do-study-act-evaluation paths. These practices partially improved newly deployed teachers’ emotional safety, wellbeing and innovative pedagogical competencies of experienced teachers. Therefore, the qualities of mentoring and coaching should be enhanced through face-to-face interactions and E-leaning strategies.

Numerical study on gas reaction path of InN-MOVPE with three typical reactors

This study investigates the controversies about the gas-phase reaction path in the InN MOVPE process. Numerical modeling of the reaction-transport processes in three typical reactors was conducted for main reaction paths. By comparisons of the molar concentrations of the major In-containing species, it was determined that the different approaches of the gas mixing and heating led to three distinct reaction paths. When the non-premixed gas precursors are heated very fast upon entering the reactor, the adduct/amide formation path predominates and the pyrolysis path is negligible (Path 1). When the precursors are mixed at room temperature and heated gradually, the adduct TMIn:NH3 dissociates back into TMIn, with the pyrolysis path dominating. However, the formation of amides DMInNH2 intensifies the generation of nanoparticles (Path 2). When mixing occurs at warm temperature and heated fast, both the pyrolysis and adduct paths co-exist, but their effects are different (path 3). In the CCS reactor the dominant reaction path will be Path 1, while in the vertical reactor with a greater height, Path 2 is predominant. In the pre-mixed horizontal reactor, Path 3 is dominant, the pyrolysis path forms a competition with the adduct path near the substrate, and the adduct path dominating at the top of the reactor.

Numerical analysis of a parallel triple-jet of liquid-sodium in a turbulent forced convection regime

In the present study, we have applied a combined wall-resolving dynamic Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) (for the velocity field) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) (for the temperature field) approach for mixing of parallel triple-jets with different temperatures of liquid sodium in a turbulent forced convection regime. Because of the high thermal conductivity of sodium (a low-Prandtl fluid), we adopted the dynamic Smagorinsky subgrid closure for the unresolved velocity scales, while the thermal scales are fully resolved. Furthermore, the Time-dependent Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (T-RANS) approach with the high-Reynolds number variant (i.e. with the wall functions as boundary conditions along solid boundaries) of the four-equation eddy viscosity model (k−ε−kθ−εθ) was applied. The fine-mesh LES/DNS provided a close agreement with the experimental data for both velocity and temperature fields (for both first- and second-moments). In contrast, the coarse-mesh LES/DNS overestimated the turbulent kinetic energy profiles at different distances from the inlet plane. The T-RANS results confirmed a good agreement with the mean streamwise velocity and turbulent kinetic energy, as well as the mean temperature profiles. Finally, the analysis of power spectral density distributions of the temperature signal revealed that all simulation techniques captured a dominant flow frequency originating from the induced Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities between the side and central jets. The presented combined dynamic LES/DNS approach is recommended for future simulations of the turbulent forced convection flows of low Prandtl fluids, especially if thermal fatigue effects need to be predicted correctly.

Design quality assessment and investigation of visitors satisfaction of the Jordan Museum using Post-Occupancy Evaluation

AbstractThe Jordan Museum is the most important modern archeological museum in Jordan. This paper assesses the quality of design and the visitors' satisfaction with the Jordan Museum. Also, it investigates which of the selected performance elements contribute most to visitors' satisfaction. Investigative Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) was used within a mixed methodology approach. A questionnaire was used for the quantitative part, complemented by other qualitative methods. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the design quality and visitors' satisfaction. Stepwise regression was used to detect which performance elements predict overall visitors' satisfaction. The design quality of the museum was rated as good, and its permanent galleries were exceptionally rated as excellent. The visitors were generally satisfied with the museum. Visitors were satisfied with the interior and exterior finish but were not impressed with the heavy use of stone in the façade. The simplicity of the museum layout made navigation easy, and visitors were satisfied with wayfinding. This paper is the first to use POE to assess the Jordan Museum. The findings can be used to enhance the management and operation of the Jordan Museum. Also, important performance elements can be developed into guidelines to guarantee effective museum designs in the future.

Self-Guided DMT: Exploring a Novel Paradigm of Dance Movement Therapy in Mixed Reality for Children with ASD.

Children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often exhibit motor disorders. Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) has shown great potential for improving the motor control ability of children with ASD. However, traditional DMT methods often lack vividness and are difficult to implement effectively. To address this issue, we propose a Mixed Reality DMT approach, utilizing interactive virtual agents. This approach offers immersive training content and multi-sensory feedback. To improve the training performance of children with ASD, we introduce a novel training paradigm featuring a self-guided mode. This paradigm enables the rapid creation of a virtual twin agent of the child with ASD using a single photo to embody oneself, which can then guide oneself during training. We conducted an experiment with the participation of 24 children diagnosed with ASD (or ASD propensity), recording their training performance under various experimental conditions. Through expert rating, behavior coding of training sessions, and statistical analysis, our findings revealed that the use of the twin agent for self-guidance resulted in noticeable improvements in the training performance of children with ASD. These improvements were particularly evident in terms of enhancing movement quality and refining overall target-related responses. Our study holds clinical potential in the field of medical treatment and rehabilitation for children with ASD.

Desnaturalización del doble conforme y desbordamiento de carga procesal en el Perú a propósito de la Ley N° 31592, ley que modifica la condena del absuelto

The objective was to analyze the implications associated with the enactment of Law No. 31592, which introduces significant amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure regarding the acquitted person's conviction. For these purposes, it was analyzed whether such legislation complies with national and international standards regarding judicial conformity, as well as to examine its feasibility and effectiveness in terms of judicial proceedings aimed at challenging acquittal convictions. A mixed methodological approach was adopted over an extended period, covering the analysis of judicial decisions issued between the period 2010 - 2022. Through a thorough analysis, it was concluded that the principle of double jeopardy should be applied exclusively to the convicted person, highlighting that challenges related to acquittal convictions should be the competence of a Criminal or Mixed Chamber belonging to a specific Judicial District, instead of being attributed to the Supreme Court. Consequently, the modification introduced by this Law is highly detrimental by virtue of the possible difficulties it could cause in the operability of the appeal processes, as well as its potential to weaken the principle of double conformity, which constitutes a fundamental pillar in the judicial system.

Into the wild: coupling otolith and archival tag records to test assumptions underpinning otolith chemistry applications in wild fish

Chronological records of elemental concentrations in fish otoliths are a widely used tool to infer the environmental conditions experienced by individual fish. To interpret elemental signals within the otolith, it is important to understand how both external and internal factors impact ion uptake, transport and incorporation. In this study, we have combined chronological records from otoliths and archival data storage tags to quantify the influence of internal (sex, size, age, growth) and external (temperature, depth, salinity) conditions on otolith elemental chemistry of cod (Gadus morhua) in natural settings of the Baltic Sea. This study focused on elements primarily under physiological control: Phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn); and elements under environmental control: Strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and manganese (Mn). Based on known spatial and temporal patterns in environmental conditions and fish size, growth, and maturity, we posed a series of hypotheses of expected otolith element patterns. Partial effects of internal and external drivers on element concentration were analyzed using a Linear Mixed Model approach with random variables (fish and year). Predicted effects of otolith concentrations of all elements under physiological control (P, Mg, Zn) showed similar trends, with distinct seasonal patterns (lowest concentration in late spring, highest concentrations in winter), and a positive correlation with water temperature, in addition to higher Zn and lower P in spawning individuals. Predicted effects of otolith concentrations of elements expected to be predominantly under environmental control showed the predicted geographic and depth-related trends based on ambient salinity (Ba) and coastal hypoxia (Mn). However, contrary to expectation, Sr was unrelated to salinity. Predicted otolith Ba, Sr and Mn concentrations also exhibited pronounced seasonal patterns that were out of phase with each other but appeared to be partly explained by spawning/feeding migrations. While performing laboratory validation studies for adult fish is typically not possible, these results highlight the importance of assessing local water chemistry and freshwater endmembers in one’s study system before otolith elemental chemistry can be reliably used to reconstruct fish habitat use and environmental histories.

Assessment of Brief Online Approaches for Teaching Neuroscience in Psychiatry.

The goal of this study was to assess an online collection of brief educational resources (videos, case studies, articles) for teaching a broad range of concepts relating to neuroscience in psychiatry. A national sample of 52 psychiatrists enrolled in the study. Forty (77%) completed an assessment before and after having access to the educational resources for 4weeks. Pre- and post-assessments were compared using paired t-tests. Fifteen participants were randomly selected to participate in a semi-structured interview. The mean knowledge score increased on a multiple-choice quiz from 46.9 to 86.4% (p < .01). Based on a 5-point Likert rating, participants reported significant gains in self-confidence in their ability to integrate a neuroscience perspective into their clinical work (p = .03) and to discuss neuroscience with their patients (p = .008). Participants rated the extent that they applied neuroscience concepts (such as neurotransmitters, genetics, epigenetics, synaptic plasticity, and neural circuitry) to their overall case formulation and treatment plan over the past typical work week and how often they discussed these elements with patients. Significant gains were noted across all elements (p ≤ .001). Overall satisfaction with the resources were high: participants agreed that the content was useful and relevant (100%) and the teaching resources were engaging (95%). On semi-structured interviews, participants appreciated the mixed teaching approaches and the brief format. Many commented on how the resources impacted their clinical practice. Brief online teaching resources may be an effective approach for enhancing neuroscience education among psychiatrists and may help facilitate the integration of neuroscience into clinical practice.

Influence of Organizational Resources on the Performance of Public Universities in Kenya

Public universities in Kenya are under both moral and legal obligations to perform three important functions, which are providing excellent teaching, research, and community outreach. These functions are important because if they are well performed, the country will realise its vision for 2030. However, the performance of public universities in Kenya is still far below expectations based on both global and regional comparisons. The study, therefore, is intended to determine if the performance problem in the universities can be solved by the organisational resources; hence, the objective of the study is “to determine the influence of organisational resources on the performance of public universities in Kenya.” A mixed approach consisting of both quantitative and qualitative research designs was used. The quantitative data was obtained using a questionnaire, while the qualitative data was obtained through interviews. The collected data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. From the analysis, it was found that organisational resources had positive statistical significance for the performance of public universities in Kenya (β = 0.504; t = 5.936; p&lt;0.05). The study, therefore, concluded that effective human, financial, and physical resources definitely lead to positive improvements in the performance of public universities in Kenya. It was therefore recommended that the government of Kenya should plough more resources into the universities as a way of improving their performance.

Environmental awareness as a transfiguring factor of the sustainable behavior of the visitor to the Lachay National Reserve

The objective of the research was to understand and explain the relationship between environmental awareness as a factor in transforming the sustainable behavior of visitors to the Lachay National Reserve. The research type is applied, with a mixed research approach and descriptive research method, using a sequential explanatory mixed method and a non-experimental and cross-sectional research design, with a correlational and explanatory scope. The population consisted of 19,326 visitors, with a quantitative method sample of 377 visitors and a qualitative method reaching saturation level in 15 interviews. The applied techniques included observation, document analysis, structured interviews, and surveys. The research resulted in the rejection of the null hypothesis in the quantitative analysis, confirming that environmental awareness is linked to the transformation of sustainable behavior among visitors to the Lachay National Reserve, with a Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient of 0.584, which is statistically significant and moderately positive, with a p-value of 0.000. In the qualitative analysis, environmental awareness transforms sustainable behavior through psychological factors such as environmental-cognitive knowledge, allowing the identification of environmental concerns, and landscape-affective factors. The interaction of cognitive and affective factors enables the generation of pro-environmental behaviors and attitudes

Mapping the knowledge structure of artificial neural network research in the stock market: a bibliometric analysis and future research pathways

PurposeIn past decades, artificial neural network (ANN) models have revolutionised various stock market operations due to their superior ability to deal with nonlinear data and garnered considerable attention from researchers worldwide. The present study aims to synthesize the research field concerning ANN applications in the stock market to a) systematically map the research trends, key contributors, scientific collaborations, and knowledge structure, and b) uncover the challenges and future research areas in the field.Design/methodology/approachTo provide a comprehensive appraisal of the extant literature, the study adopted the mixed approach of quantitative (bibliometric analysis) and qualitative (intensive review of influential articles) assessment to analyse 1,483 articles published in the Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals during 1992–2022. The bibliographic data was processed and analysed using VOSviewer and R software.FindingsThe results revealed the proliferation of articles since 2018, with China as the dominant country, Wang J as the most prolific author, “Expert Systems with Applications” as the leading journal, “computer science” as the dominant subject area, and “stock price forecasting” as the predominantly explored research theme in the field. Furthermore, “portfolio optimization”, “sentiment analysis”, “algorithmic trading”, and “crisis prediction” are found as recently emerged research areas.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is a novel attempt that holistically assesses the existing literature on ANN applications throughout the entire domain of stock market. The main contribution of the current study lies in discussing the challenges along with the viable methodological solutions and providing application area-wise knowledge gaps for future studies.

Analysis of the implementation of teletraining and teleIEC in healthcare services: Case study

INTRODUCTION: Following the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine and telehealth have emerged as crucial technological resources for providing medical care and enhancing the competencies of healthcare professionals.OBJECTIVES: Analysing the implementation of Teletraining and TeleIEC in the healthcare services of Hospital II-2 Tarapoto in Peru.METHODS: A basic descriptive study with a mixed cross-sectional approach was conducted. The sample consisted of 266 healthcare specialist professionals and 4293 beneficiaries divided into three groups: healthcare personnel, healthcare students, and community members. The techniques employed included record analysis and surveys, with instruments consisting of a data registration form and a virtual questionnaire.RESULTS: In 2020, only 18% of professionals participated in teletraining and teleIEC activities. By August 2023, this figure had increased to 38%. It is also evident that the majority of professionals participating in these services as of 2023 were physicians (44%), followed by psychologists (16%), nurses (13%), and nutritionists (11%), reflecting limited participation from dentists (2%), obstetricians (1%), among others.CONCLUSION: The implementation of teletraining and teleIEC has a positive impact through the strengthening of competencies among professionals, students, and the general public, with learning levels reaching the second and third levels according to Bloom's taxonomy, namely comprehension and application.

Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on primary healthcare interventions for the reduction of under-5 mortality in Bangladesh: Lessons learned through implementation research.

The COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented challenges and threats to health systems, particularly affecting delivery of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to reduce under-5 mortality (U5M) in resource-limited settings such as Bangladesh. We explored the level of disruption of these EBIs, strategies and contextual factors associated with preventing or mitigating service disruptions, and how previous efforts supported the work to maintain EBIs during the pandemic. We utilized a mixed methods implementation science approach, with data from: 1) desk review of available literature; 2) existing District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) in Bangladesh; and 3) key informant interviews (KIIs), exploring evidence on changes in coverage, implementation strategies, and contextual factors influencing primary healthcare EBI coverage during March-December 2020. We used interrupted time series analysis (timeframe January 2019 to December 2020) using a Poisson regression model to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on DHIS2 indicators. We audio recorded, transcribed, and translated the qualitative data from KIIs. We used thematic analysis of coded interviews to identify emerging patterns and themes using the implementation research framework. Bangladesh had an initial drop in U5M-oriented EBIs during the early phase of the pandemic, which began recovering in June 2020. Barriers such as lockdown and movement restrictions, difficulties accessing medical care, and redirection of the health system's focus to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulted in reduced health-seeking behavior and service utilization. Strategies to prevent and respond to disruptions included data use for decision-making, use of digital platforms, and leveraging community-based healthcare delivery. Transferable lessons included collaboration and coordination of activities and community and civil society engagement, and investing in health system quality. Countries working to increase EBI implementation can learn from the barriers, strategies, and transferable lessons identified in this work in an effort to reduce and respond to health system disruptions in anticipation of future health system shocks.

ANALISIS BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PASIEN DI RSU PKU MUHAMMADIYAH, BANTUL

Background: Patient safety culture in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Bantul based on Putri (2010) in the category of enough. Though PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Bantul is a Class C has an obligation to implement the Patient Safety throughout the service area.&#x0D; Method: This study used a mixed methods research approach is a quantitative method using cross sectional and qualitative methods with case study approach with a descriptive research design. Research subjects are nurses who deal directly with patients. A total of 61 people. Measurement of patient safety culture using a questionnaire from the AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) in 2004 entitled HSOPSC (Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture). The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions dimensions with 42 items and is equipped with the interview data and report patient safety incidents from Patient Safety Team PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bantul.&#x0D; Results and Discussion: Patient Safety Culture at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Bantul in the category of enough with a mean and median of 73.9. Still found gaps between the patient safety incident reporting patient safety teams and real in the field. As well as barriers to implementation of patient safety in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Bantul is still not optimal support came from management, not optimal team performance because the work load and the persistence of blaming culture in the unit.

Assesment and Description of Knowledge Regarding Self-administration of Insulin Injection among Diabetes Mellitus Patient

A descriptive study to assess the knowledge regarding self-administration of insulin injection among diabetes mellitus patient. Objectives 1. To assess the knowledge regarding self-administration of insulin injection among diabetic patient selected OPD. 2. To prepare and distribute on information pamphlet on regarding self-administration insulin injection among diabetic patient selected OPD. 3. To find out the association between the knowledge regarding insulin therapy with the selected demographic variables. Material and Methods The research approach adopted in this study is mixed approach. Quantitative Non-experimental Descriptive Qualitative research design was used. The sample were selected by non-Probability convenient Sampling Technique sample size was 60. Result 1. It shows that according to age majority of subjects 23[38.33%] were in the age group of above 36years. Whereas 20[33.33%] were in age group of 31-35years. Whereas13 [21.67%] where in age group of 26-30 year. Whereas 4[6.67%] were in the age group 20-25years. 2. It shows that maximum 41(68.33%) had average knowledge and 13(21.67%) had a good knowledge and minimum 6(10%) of poor knowledge. 3. It depicts that the area wise analysis of knowledge score by using median, mean percentage, SD and CV. The introduction and definition median was 3, mean 3.15, mean % was 39.38%, S.D. was 1.31, C.V. was 41.59. Introduction of insulin injection &amp; reason of taking injection median was 5, mean 4.68, mean % was 46.8 %, S.D. was 1.23, C.V. was 26.28. Sites of taking injection &amp; method of administrating of injection studies median was 6, mean 5.63, mean % was 70.38%, S.D. 2.23 was C.V. was 39.61, complication median was 3, mean 2.85, mean % was 71.25 %, S.D. was 39.3. 4. Show association between knowledge regarding self-administration of insulin injection among diabetic client attending OPD of selected hospital with selected socio-demographic variables using non-parametric χ2 test. On applying the chi-square test demographic variable “Occupation” and “Duration of self-administration of insulin”, “previous knowledge” was significantly associated with knowledge level. Hence H1 ie, there is significant association between knowledge level with “Occupation” and “Duration of self-administration of insulin”, “previous knowledge” is accepted. Association between knowledge level and other selected sociodemographic variables such as age group (χ2=6.32, p&gt;0.05), gender (χ2=2.47, p&gt;0.05) religious (χ2=4.12, p&gt;0.05) Education (χ2=10.86, p&gt;0.05) family monthly income (χ2=5.15, p&gt;0.05) occupation (χ2=13.40, p&gt;0.05) previous family history of diabetic mellitus (χ2=1.03, p&gt;0.05) duration of diabetic mellitus diagnosed (χ2=5.42 p&gt;0.05) duration of self -administration of insulin(χ2=14.22, p&gt;0.05) previous knowledge regarding insulin injection (χ2= 14.09 p &gt;0.05) if yes, source of information(χ2=7.06, p&gt;0.05). Were found to be statistically not significant. Hence H0 that there is no significant association between selected socio demographic like age, gender, religious, monthly income, education, occupation, duration of diagnosed diabetic mellitus, duration of taking insulin, previous knowledge of insulin injection, source of knowledge with knowledge level regarding self-administration of insulin injection among diabetic client attending OPD of selected hospital with selected socio-demographic variables is accepted. Conclusion On the basis of finding of the study following conclusion can be drawn. It was found that among diabetic patient have less knowledge regarding self-administer of insulin injection.

The Economic Security of Households Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Java and Madura

Every facet of life, including health, social, and economic aspects, has undergone a tremendous transformation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This condition is exacerbated by socioeconomic fragility and vulnerability amid economic uncertainty, with an enormous debt burden and inequality increasingly spreading to regions. Elements of society in Indonesia experience the problem of a lack of income and capital, in addition to vulnerability and helplessness. Social, economic, community–institutional, and resource vulnerabilities are inevitable; therefore, they must be identified, anticipated, and dealt with to avoid worsening. This research aims to identify the affected households and their economic resilience when facing the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed approach with a sequential exploratory strategy was employed, whereby qualitative data were first collected and analyzed. Based on the findings of the first stage, quantitative data were obtained and examined in the second stage. This study was conducted in two rural locations with distinct characteristics: the Gunungkidul District on Java Island and the Bangkalan District on Madura Island. These findings demonstrate the economic resilience of households in Bangkalan and Gunungkidul. The factors that significantly influence economic resilience are household income, assets, and product availability in the market.

Barriers and Facilitators of Vestibular Rehabilitation: Patients and Physiotherapists' Perspectives.

Poor adherence to vestibular rehabilitation protocols is a known barrier to optimal care. Vestibular clinicians' comprehensive understanding of the barriers and facilitators to vestibular home exercise programs (VHEP) is a key element to achieving optimal care in the context of vestibular rehabilitation. The aims of this study are as follows: (1) to identify primary barriers and facilitators to VHEP from the perspective of patients with vestibular dysfunction and vestibular physical therapists (PTs); and (2) to provide strategies for clinicians to improve adherence and outcomes of VHEP. A qualitative research with single-session focus groups conducted separately for: (1) patients with vestibular disorders and (2) vestibular PTs. Six focus groups were conducted, 3 for each population, with a total of 39 participants. An online survey was conducted to evaluate the estimates of adherence rates, followed by a structured discussion over barriers and facilitators to VHEP as perceived by patients and PTs. Thematic data analyses were performed using a mixed deductive-inductive approach. Eighteen patients with vestibular disorders and 21 experienced vestibular PTs participated in this study. Six barrier categories and 5 facilitator categories were identified. Barriers included motivation aspects, provocation of symptoms, time management, associated impairments, missing guidance and feedback, and psychosocial factors. Facilitators included motivation aspects, time management, patient education and exercise instructions, exercise setting, and associated symptom management. Clinicians who prescribe home exercise to patients with vestibular disorders can use this information about common barriers and facilitators for patient education and to provide optimal care and improve rehabilitation outcomes. for more insights from the authors (see the video, Supplemental Digital Content, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A467 ).