Mitigation Of Methane Emissions Research Articles

Survival strategies of aerobic methanotrophs under hypoxia in methanogenic lake sediments

BackgroundMicrobial methane oxidation, methanotrophy, plays a crucial role in mitigating the release of the potent greenhouse gas methane from aquatic systems. While aerobic methanotrophy is a well-established process in oxygen-rich environments, emerging evidence suggests their activity in hypoxic conditions. However, the adaptability of these methanotrophs to such environments has remained poorly understood. Here, we explored the genetic adaptability of aerobic methanotrophs to hypoxia in the methanogenic sediments of Lake Kinneret (LK). These LK methanogenic sediments, situated below the oxidic and sulfidic zones, were previously characterized by methane oxidation coupled with iron reduction via the involvement of aerobic methanotrophs.ResultsIn order to explore the adaptation of the methanotrophs to hypoxia, we conducted two experiments using LK sediments as inoculum: (i) an aerobic "classical" methanotrophic enrichment with ambient air employing DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) and (ii) hypoxic methanotrophic enrichment with repeated spiking of 1% oxygen. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed the enrichment of Methylococcales methanotrophs, being up to a third of the enriched community. Methylobacter, Methylogaea, and Methylomonas were prominent in the aerobic experiment, while hypoxic conditions enriched primarily Methylomonas. Using metagenomics sequencing of DNA extracted from these experiments, we curated five Methylococcales metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and evaluated the genetic basis for their survival in hypoxic environments. A comparative analysis with an additional 62 Methylococcales genomes from various environments highlighted several core genetic adaptations to hypoxia found in most examined Methylococcales genomes, including high-affinity cytochrome oxidases, oxygen-binding proteins, fermentation-based methane oxidation, motility, and glycogen use. We also found that some Methylococcales, including LK Methylococcales, may denitrify, while metals and humic substances may also serve as electron acceptors alternative to oxygen. Outer membrane multi-heme cytochromes and riboflavin were identified as potential mediators for the utilization of metals and humic material. These diverse mechanisms suggest the ability of methanotrophs to thrive in ecological niches previously thought inhospitable for their growth.ConclusionsOur study sheds light on the ability of enriched Methylococcales methanotrophs from methanogenic LK sediments to survive under hypoxia. Genomic analysis revealed a spectrum of genetic capabilities, potentially enabling these methanotrophs to function. The identified mechanisms, such as those enabling the use of alternative electron acceptors, expand our understanding of methanotroph resilience in diverse ecological settings. These findings contribute to the broader knowledge of microbial methane oxidation and have implications for understanding and potential contribution methanotrophs may have in mitigating methane emissions in various environmental conditions.

Mitigating Methane Emissions from Husbandry: A brief review

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, produced naturally in the digestive systems of ruminants, from enteric fermentation, including those raised for milk and meat. The husbandry sector, which includes livestock farming and dairy production, significantly contributes to global methane emissions. These emissions not only contribute to climate change but also have negative impacts on the environment and human health. To mitigate these emissions, it is essential to implement sustainable practices and technologies that reduce methane production and emissions. An application objective of this brief review is to be used as discussion material by students of the master’s degree in Environmental Management and Sustainable Development at La Salle University, Costa Rica.

Active role of iron-dependent AOM in paddy fields under different long-term fertilizer management schemes

Iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (iron-AOM) has recently been reported to occur in paddy soils, but its actual role and regulation remain unclear. Here, we confirmed the occurrence of iron-AOM at different layers of paddy soils (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 30–40 cm) across tillering, elongation, flowering, and ripening periods under three long-term fertilizer management schemes (CK-unamended, CF-chemical fertilizer, and CFS-chemical fertilizer with straw). The iron-AOM activity contributed 41 % to total AOM, which was greater than that of nitrite- (32 %) and nitrate-AOM (27 %). The iron-AOM activity varied significantly with soil layers, growth periods and fertilizer types, with layer being the most important variable. Soil moisture content and organic carbon content were most significant influencing factors on the AOM activity, and a Candidatus Methanoperedens ferrireducens-like lineage potentially catalyzed iron-AOM. Our results suggest that iron-AOM has an important potential for mitigating methane emissions from rice paddies.

Effect of 3-Nitropropionic Acid at Different Doses on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility, and Methane Emissions of Grazing Yak and Cattle.

3-nitropropionic acid (3NPA) has been proposed as an useful modifier to mitigate ruminal enteric methane emissions. However, few studies investigated the effects of 3NPA on ruminal fermentation characteristics of grazing ruminants in vitro. Rumen fluid from grazing yak and cattle were collected and incubated with additions of 0, 8, and 16 mM 3NPA. The total gas production, CH4 production, and dry matter digestibility significantly decreased with increasing 3NPA doses in both ruminant species (p < 0.05) and methane production decreased to almost 100% in cattle at 8 mM NPA but not yak, while H2 accumulation showed an opposite trend. The total fatty acid (TVFA) production, acetate concentration, and propionate concentration in cattle decreased as 3NPA doses increased at 12 and 24 h incubation. For yak, the H2 accumulation reached its apex at 8 mM NPA (p < 0.05). The TVFA in yak decreased significantly with increasing 3NPA doses at 12 and 72 h incubation. Moreover, the acetate concentration and propionate concentration in yak decreased as 3NPA doses increased at 12 and 24 h incubation. Overall, these findings demonstrated that 3NPA could be used as a strategy to mitigate methane emissions; although, it negatively affected the dry matter degradability in vitro.

Simultaneous methane mitigation and nitrogen removal by denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation in lake sediments

Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas, with lake ecosystems significantly contributing to its global emissions. Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) process, mediated by NC10 bacteria and ANME-2d archaea, links global carbon and nitrogen cycles. However, their potential roles in mitigating methane emissions and removing nitrogen from lake ecosystems remain unclear. This study explored the spatial variations in activities of nitrite- and nitrate-DAMO and their functional microbes in Changdanghu Lake sediments (Jiangsu Province, China). The results showed that although the average abundance of ANME-2d archaea (5.0 × 106 copies g−1) was significantly higher than that of NC10 bacteria (2.1 × 106 copies g−1), the average potential rates of nitrite-DAMO (4.59 nmol 13CO2 g−1 d−1) and nitrate-DAMO (5.01 nmol 13CO2 g−1 d−1) showed no significant difference across all sampling sites. It is estimated that nitrite- and nitrate-DAMO consumed approximately 6.46 and 7.05 mg CH4 m−2 d−1, respectively, which accordingly achieved 15.07–24.95 mg m−2 d−1 nitrogen removal from the studied lake sediments. Statistical analyses found that nitrite- and nitrate-DAMO activities were both significantly related to sediment nitrate contents and ANME-2d archaeal abundance. In addition, NC10 bacterial and ANME-2d archaeal community compositions showed significant correlations with sediment organic carbon content and water depth. Overall, this study underscores the dual roles of nitrite- and nitrate-DAMO processes in CH4 mitigation and nitrogen elimination and their key environmental impact factors (sediment organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen contents, and water depth) in shallow lake, enhancing the understanding of carbon and nitrogen cycles in freshwater aquatic ecosystems.

Improving the biowaste management in Egypt and Jordan to mitigate methane emissions from the waste sector

Improving the biowaste management in Egypt and Jordan to mitigate methane emissions from the waste sector

Management of methane emission in coal mines using artificial neural networks: A systematic review

Underground mines are responsible for a large number of the released methane worldwide. Our study paper can contribute to mitigating methane emissions, hence reducing the concentration about greenhouse emissions within the environment and mitigating the associated hazardous risks. In this study, more than 45 recent journals on Methane emission in Coal Mines were gathered from Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate. A systematic review is accomplished of the past four years of various parts of Methane gas emission such as anthropogenic emission sources, gas emissions detection, prediction of methane using different technology and the Artificial intelligence projection model for methane emission. The outcomes reveal that since the methane emission management has obtained increasing attention over the past four years. This study also shows that big countries are using technology to control and utilize the methane emission to reduce the energy crisis. To decrease the coal mine injuries, academic understanding of underground methane management has increased, different technologies are integrated and support from various IT departments has amplified for the forecasting. In the future, the most critical task for coal mines risk assessment is to restore the worker's trust in mine safety, and the primary solution is to give more awareness to the underground management and workers through utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) mainly Artificial Neural Networks (ANN).

Activated Carbon Application Simultaneously Alleviates Paddy Soil Arsenic Mobilization and Carbon Emission by Decreasing Porewater Dissolved Organic Matter.

Flooding of paddy fields during the rice growing season enhances arsenic (As) mobilization and greenhouse gas (e.g., methane) emissions. In this study, an adsorbent for dissolved organic matter (DOM), namely, activated carbon (AC), was applied to an arsenic-contaminated paddy soil. The capacity for simultaneously alleviating soil carbon emissions and As accumulation in rice grains was explored. Soil microcosm incubations and 2-year pot experimental results indicated that AC amendment significantly decreased porewater DOM, Fe(III) reduction/Fe2+ release, and As release. More importantly, soil carbon dioxide and methane emissions were mitigated in anoxic microcosm incubations. Porewater DOM of pot experiments mainly consisted of humic-like fluorophores with a molecular structure of lignins and tannins, which could mediate microbial reduction of Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides. Soil microcosm incubation experiments cospiking with a carbon source and AC further consolidated that DOM electron shuttling and microbial carbon source functions were crucial for soil Fe(III) reduction, thus driving paddy soil As release and carbon emission. Additionally, the application of AC alleviated rice grain dimethylarsenate accumulation over 2 years. Our results highlight the importance of microbial extracellular electron transfer in driving paddy soil anaerobic respiration and decreasing porewater DOM in simultaneously remediating As contamination and mitigating methane emission in paddy fields.

Mitigating methane emissions and global warming potential while increasing rice yield using biochar derived from leftover rice straw in a tropical paddy soil

The sustainable management of leftover rice straw through biochar production to mitigate CH4 emissions and enhance rice yield remains uncertain and undefined. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of using biochar derived from rice straw left on fields after harvest on greenhouse gas emissions, global warming potential (GWP), and rice yield in the paddy field. The experiment included three treatments: chemical fertilizer (CF), rice straw (RS, 10 t ha−1) + CF, and rice straw-derived biochar (BC, 3 t ha−1 based on the amount of product remaining after pyrolysis) + CF. Compared with CF, BC + CF significantly reduced cumulative CH4 and CO2 emissions, net GWP, and greenhouse gas emission intensity by 42.9%, 37.4%, 39.5%, and 67.8%, respectively. In contrast, RS + CF significantly increased cumulative CH4 emissions and net GWP by 119.3% and 13.8%, respectively. The reduced CH4 emissions were mainly caused by the addition of BC + CF, which did not increase the levels of dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon, consequently resulting in reduced archaeal abundance, unlike those observed in RS + CF. The BC + CF also enhanced soil total organic carbon content and rice grain yield. This study indicated that using biochar derived from leftover rice straw mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and improves rice productivity in tropical paddy soil.

Comparative Analysis of the Methanogen Microbiota Associated to Pasture and Stall Housing in Kazakh Cattle.

The microbial community of cattle rumen (archaea) are the key players in methane emissions. Methane pollutes the atmosphere and leads to the loss of feed energy. The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the cattle microbiota, with a particular focus on archaea, in relation to the type of housing: pasture versus stall. A 16S metabarcoding analysis of the intestinal contents of cattle was carried out. Аlpha - diversity of grazing animals showed to be higher compared to animals in the stall period (p=0.002). Beta - diversity confirmed a difference in methanogens and microbiota between animals kept on pasture and those in a stall. Differential abundance analysis showed that the relative abundance of the Methanobacteriacea family in animals in the pasture period was significantly higher compared to animals in the stall period (FDR p = 0.00122). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the concentration of methanogens in the fecal contents of animals during pasture period was higher than that in animals during the stall period. We recommend feeding grazing animals with concentrates in the evening in order to mitigate methane emissions.

β-Dicarbonyls Facilitate Engineered Microbial Bromoform Biosynthesis.

Ruminant livestock produce around 24% of global anthropogenic methane emissions. Methanogenesis in the animal rumen is significantly inhibited by bromoform, which is abundant in seaweeds of the genus Asparagopsis. This has prompted the development of livestock feed additives based on Asparagopsis to mitigate methane emissions, although this approach alone is unlikely to satisfy global demand. Here we engineer a non-native biosynthesis pathway to produce bromoform in vivo with yeast as an alternative biological source that may enable sustainable, scalable production of bromoform by fermentation. β-dicarbonyl compounds with low pKa values were identified as essential substrates for bromoform production and enabled bromoform synthesis in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing a vanadate-dependent haloperoxidase gene. In addition to providing a potential route to the sustainable biological production of bromoform at scale, this work advances the development of novel microbial biosynthetic pathways for halogenation.

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN THE OIL &amp; GAS SECTOR: A REVIEW OF PRACTICES AND IMPACT

Climate change mitigation has become a pressing global challenge, with the oil and gas sector being a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. This review examines climate change mitigation strategies within the oil and gas industry, focusing on practices and their impact. The oil and gas industry faces increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint and transition towards cleaner energy sources. Various mitigation strategies have been implemented, including technological innovations, operational improvements, and investments in renewable energy. These strategies aim to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency, and transition towards low-carbon alternatives. Technological innovations play a crucial role in mitigating climate change within the oil and gas sector. Advanced drilling techniques, such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, have enabled companies to extract oil and gas more efficiently, reducing emissions per unit of production. Additionally, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies have been developed to capture and store carbon dioxide emissions from oil and gas operations, preventing them from entering the atmosphere. Operational improvements, such as reducing methane leaks and flaring, are also essential for climate change mitigation in the oil and gas industry. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and minimizing its release during extraction, processing, and transportation is critical for reducing the sector's overall emissions. Companies have implemented measures such as leak detection and repair programs, improved equipment maintenance, and enhanced monitoring systems to mitigate methane emissions effectively. Furthermore, investments in renewable energy and low-carbon technologies are increasingly common among oil and gas companies. Many companies are diversifying their portfolios to include solar, wind, and bioenergy projects, aiming to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to the transition to a low-carbon economy. In conclusion, climate change mitigation strategies in the oil and gas sector encompass a range of technological, operational, and investment initiatives aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning towards cleaner energy sources. While progress has been made, ongoing efforts and collaboration between industry stakeholders, governments, and civil society are essential to achieve meaningful impact in mitigating climate change.&#x0D; Keywords: Climate Change, Mitigation, Strategies, Oil and Gas Sector, Practices and Impact.

Enhancing bioelectricity generation and mitigating methane emissions in paddy fields: A novel approach using activated biochar in plant microbial fuel cells

In the innovative realm of green energy solutions, plant microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) have emerged as a promising frontier, embodying a greener technological approach. However, PMFC is not yet viable for large-scale application due to its low voltage generation. This study explores the integration of PMFC technology in paddy field, using activated biochar as electrode material to enhance voltage production while reducing methane emission. According to the findings, rice PMFCs equipped with activated biochar achieved the highest power density, reaching an impressive 106.67 mW m−2 of anode area, significantly outperforming SMFCs, which peaked at 38.28 mW m−2 when integrated with a biochar anode. Additionally, rice-PMFCs emitted 38 % less methane than the normal rice plant, while the reduction was 27.1 % for rice plants equipped with activated biochar, with no significant change in plant yield observed. Furthermore, PMFCs reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 70 % and 67 % compared to traditional coal and natural gas-based power plants, respectively. In summary, activated biochar shows promise as a potent alternative to traditional graphite electrodes in PMFCs.

8 Opportunities in enteric methane emissions mitigation in beef cattle

Abstract Enteric fermentation is the largest source of methane emissions in the United States, with beef cattle representing 71 percent of total enteric methane emissions in 2021. Approximately 87% of the enteric methane produced from US beef cattle comes from animals not housed in feedlots, thus significantly opportunity lies in development and delivery of mitigation solutions to grazing situations. Mitigating methane emissions can be expressed in two ways: on an emissions intensity basis (i.e., methane per kg of beef) or in absolute terms (i.e., methane emissions from the entire beef system). Mitigation solutions that reduce absolute or total emissions consistently are currently limited or in the case of higher concentrate diets in finishing cattle, already widely used. Genetic selection is a promising solution to mitigate enteric methane emissions; however, standardization of phenotype collection is required, as methane emissions estimates can be influenced by a wide array of measurement errors and methodological choices by investigators. Economically viable, practical, and scalable solutions are needed. Researchers and extension professionals should provide objective guidance to cattle producers and others in the cattle industry on the costs and benefits of the variety of potential enteric methane mitigation solutions.

Harnessing Tanzania's Rangelands to Mitigate Methane Emissions from Livestock Enteric Fermentation

Methane emissions from livestock being a major contributor to climate change as methane possesses more global warming potential than carbon dioxide, exacerbating the issue. Therefore, reducing methane emissions is crucial in addressing climate change and promoting sustainable agriculture. Tanzania is endowed with a large livestock population and vast rangelands. The resultant enteric methane emissions share in the agriculture sector was estimated to be 39.71% in 2014. This data suggests that interventions to lower methane emissions in agriculture sectors need to focus on livestock especially ruminants to provide significant reduction. The study found that normalisation of emissions can be facilitated by a set of measures, namely: a) increasing the energy content or quality of ruminant feed to reduce the intensity of methane production in the gut; b) addressing existing problems in pasture use, including deforestation, uncontrolled burning, overgrazing, water shortages and invasive species; c) improving feeding in combination with other livestock management practices to achieve the expected productive effect while reducing methane emissions.

Effects of Caragana korshinskii tannin on fermentation, methane emission, community of methanogens, and metabolome of rumen in sheep.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of dietary supplementation of Caragana korshinskii tannin (CKT) on rumen fermentation, methane emission, methanogen community and metabolome in rumen of sheep. A total of 15 crossbred sheep of the Dumont breed with similar body conditions, were divided into three groups (n = 5), which were fed with CKT addition at 0, 2 and 4%/kg DM. The study spanned a total of 74 days, with a 14-day period dedicated to adaptation and a subsequent 60-day period for conducting treatments. The results indicated that the levels of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and acetate were reduced (p < 0.05) in rumen sheep fed with 2 and 4% CKT; The crude protein (CP) digestibility of sheep in 2 and 4% CKT groups was decreased(p < 0.05); while the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility was increased (p < 0.05) in 4% CKT group. Furthermore, the supplementation of CKT resulted in a decrease (p < 0.05) in daily CH4 emissions from sheep by reducing the richness and diversity of ruminal methanogens community, meanwhile decreasing (p < 0.05) concentrations of tyramine that contribute to methane synthesis and increasing (p < 0.05) concentrations of N-methy-L-glutamic acid that do not contribute to CH4 synthesis. However, CH4 production of DMI, OMI, NDFI and metabolic weight did not differ significantly across the various treatments. To sum up, the addition of 4% CKT appeared to be a viable approach for reducing CH4 emissions from sheep without no negative effects. These findings suggest that CKT hold promise in mitigating methane emissions of ruminant. Further investigation is required to evaluate it effectiveness in practical feeding strategies for livestock.

Country-level methane emissions and their sectoral trends during 2009–2020 estimated by high-resolution inversion of GOSAT and surface observations

Considering the significant role of global methane emissions in the Earth’s radiative budget, global or regionally persistent increasing trends in its emission are of great concern. Understanding the regional contributions of various emissions sectors to the growth rate thus has policy relevance. We used a high-resolution global methane inverse model to independently optimize sectoral emissions using GOSAT and ground-based observations for 2009–2020. Annual emission trends were calculated for top-emitting countries, and the sectoral contributions to the total anthropogenic trend were studied. Global total posterior emissions show a growth rate of 2.6 Tg yr−2 (p < 0.05), with significant contributions from waste (1.1 Tg yr−2) and agriculture (0.9 Tg yr−2). Country-level aggregated sectoral emissions showed statistically significant (p < 0.1) trends in total posterior emissions for China (0.56 Tg yr−2), India (0.22 Tg yr−2), United States (0.65 Tg yr−2), Pakistan (0.22 Tg yr−2) and Indonesia (0.28 Tg yr−2) among the top methane emitters. Emission sectors contributing to the above country-level emission trend are, China (waste 0.35; oil and gas 0.07 Tg yr−2), India (agriculture 0.09; waste 0.11 Tg yr−2), United States (oil and gas 1.0; agriculture 0.07; coal −0.15 Tg yr−2), Brazil (waste 0.09; agriculture 0.08 Tg yr−2), Russia (waste 0.04; biomass burning 0.15; coal 0.11; oil and gas −0.42 Tg yr−2), Indonesia (coal 0.28 Tg yr−2), Canada (oil and gas 0.08 Tg yr−2), Pakistan (agriculture 0.15; waste 0.03 Tg yr−2) and Mexico (waste 0.04 Tg yr−2). Additionally, our analysis showed that methane emissions from wetlands in Russia (0.24 Tg yr−2) and central African countries such as Congo (0.09 Tg yr−2), etc. have a positive trend with a considerably large increase after 2017, whereas Bolivia (−0.09 Tg yr−2) have a declining trend. Our results reveal some key emission sectors to be targeted on a national level for designing methane emission mitigation efforts.

Measurements of Methane Emissions from a Biofertilizer Storage Tank Using Ground-Based Hyperspectral Imaging and Flux Chambers.

Open storages of organic material represent potentially large sources of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4), an emissions source that will likely become more common as a part of societal efforts toward sustainability. Hence, monitoring and minimizing CH4 emissions from such facilities are key, but effective assessment of emissions without disturbing the flux is challenging. We demonstrate the capacity of using a novel high-resolution hyperspectral camera to perform sensitive CH4 flux assessments at such facilities, using as a test case a biofertilizer storage tank for residual material from a biogas plant. The camera and simultaneous conventional flux chamber measurements showed emissions of 6.0 ± 1.3 and 13 ± 5.7 kg of CH4 h-1, respectively. The camera measurements covered the whole tank surface of 1104 m2, and the chamber results were extrapolated from measurements over 5 m2. This corresponds to 0.7-1.4% of the total CH4 production at the biogas plant (1330 N m3 h-1 corresponding to 950 kg h-1). The camera could assess the entire tank emission in minutes without disturbing normal operations at the plant and revealed additional unknown emissions from the inlet to the tank (17 g of CH4 h-1) and during the loading of the biofertilizer into trucks (3.1 kg of CH4 h-1 during loading events). This study illustrates the importance of adequate measurement capacity to map methane fluxes and to verify that methane emission mitigation efforts are effective. Given the high methane emissions observed, it is important to reduce methane emissions from open storage of organic material, for example by improved digestion in the biogas reactor, precooling of sludge before storage, or building gastight storage tanks with sealed covers. We conclude that hyperspectral, ground-based remote sensing is a promising approach for greenhouse gas monitoring and mitigation.

Effects of Antibiotics on the DAMO Process and Microbes in Cattle Manure.

Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) can mitigate methane emissions; however, this process has not been studied in cattle manure, an important source of methane emissions in animal agriculture. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of DAMO microbes in cattle manure and examine the impacts of veterinary antibiotics on the DAMO process in cattle manure. Results show that DAMO archaea and bacteria consistently occur at high concentrations in beef cattle manure. During the long-term operation of a sequencing batch reactor seeded with beef cattle manure, the DAMO activities intensified, and DAMO microbial biomass increased. Exposure to chlortetracycline at initial concentrations up to 5000 μg L-1 did not inhibit DAMO activities or affect the concentrations of the 16S rRNA gene and functional genes of DAMO microbes. In contrast, exposure to tylosin at initial concentrations of 50 and 500 μg L-1 increased the activities of the DAMO microbes. An initial concentration of 5000 μg L-1 TYL almost entirely halted DAMO activities and reduced the concentrations of DAMO microbes. These results show the occurrence of DAMO microbes in cattle manure and reveal that elevated concentrations of dissolved antibiotics could inhibit the DAMO process, potentially affecting net methane emissions from cattle manure.

Mitigating methane emissions: Domestic and joint efforts by the United States and China

Mitigating methane emissions: Domestic and joint efforts by the United States and China