Misunderstandings In Communication Research Articles

Contrastive Analysis of Chinese and English Love Proverbs from the Perspective of Ontological Metaphor

With the advancement of technology, the communication among diverse cultures has grown rapidly, which brings more opportunities to people in all countries who can have mutual understandings and then fall in an international love. Nevertheless, as an abstract conception, love in different countries has metaphorical expressions basically. Therefore, the development of international love could be influenced by misunderstanding caused by cultural differences. The paper makes a contrastive analysis of Chinese and English love proverbs from the perspective of ontological metaphor. The result proves that it has further the cultural, economic and environmental reasons, as for the abstract conception of ‘love’, that the similarities and difference of Chinese and English nations’ cognition, thus enriching recognitions and comprehensions about “love” between these two nations and eliminating communication misunderstandings from cultural difference to a certain extent.

Immigrants in Society

This article deals with the problems which are arising in the process of adaptation of immigrants to educational spaces in Ukraine and Latvia upon their arrival in the country of settlement. Among these problems are the differences in educational systems of the output and input countries, difficulties in mastering languages of a learning process in the countries, overcoming misunderstanding in intercultural communication within and outside of schools, unpreparedness of teachers and trainers to face and to solve challenges that are generating by immigrants and the host societies. The discussion is based on the preliminary results obtained during the implementation of the joint Ukrainian-Latvian project “Immigrants in Society: Challenges for Education” sponsored by Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Latvia.

Implementing a digital communication assistance tool to collect the medical history of refugee patients: DICTUM Friedland - an action-oriented mixed methods study protocol

BackgroundLanguage barriers play a decisive role in determining the outcomes of medical consultations between healthcare providers and their foreign patients. This issue is a significant challenge to the German healthcare system, especially with the rising number of refugees in recent years. The communication gap between healthcare professionals and their non-German speaking patients sometimes leads to unnecessary medical re-admission, insufficient medical history, incorrect diagnosis, and treatment plans. In this study, we aim to assess the usability and accuracy of a novel digital translation tool in collecting medical history from patients in their native language and to check its effects on healthcare outcomes.MethodsThe study aims to monitor the implementation of a new digital communication assistance tool (DCAT) and to investigate its impact on the mutual understanding between refugee patients and their German general practitioners (GPs). In the first study phase, an action-oriented approach is used to implement DCAT. In the second study phase, DCAT use will be evaluated with a mixed methods design.The main outcome assesses the re-consultation rates of patients before and after using DCAT. Secondary outcomes include the usability of the tool, its acceptance and perceived quality by patients, the accuracy of the information collected as determined from analysing the reasons for the consultation (ICPC-2 codes), and diagnosis (ICD-10 codes). The acceptance by patients, socio-demographic factors and native language are also taken into account.The research designs for both study phases include questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and analysis of collected patients’ data.All the collected data is pseudonymised.DiscussionThe DCAT study is one of the new research projects in primary healthcare investigating the usability, accuracy, and acceptance of digital translation tools during medical encounters. We aim to eliminate significant communication errors and misunderstandings in medical consultations, thereby improving the quality of healthcare outcomes. By applying an action research design, we will attain a more comprehensive evaluation of DCAT scopes and limits. The results of this study are expected to give an in-depth understanding of possible applications and benefits of digital translation tools for patient care.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00013076, 29/09/2017.

Misunderstandings in Interpersonal and Inter-Professional Communication and their Impact On Health Outcomes and Patient Safety

Since clinical health communication is the basic stage in the process of diagnosis and treatment, adequate clinical interaction is essential between patients and healthcare providers, as well as between the clinicians involved. The healthcare communication modes that are the focus of this study are interpersonal and inter-professional encounters, which in both cases involve both oral and written communication. This paper will review the literature on factors influencing clinical encounters and their impact on health outcomes and patient safety. Inadequate oral and written communication leads to misunderstanding in clinical encounters, which causes patient insecurity. In addition to language and culture, as the main factors that influence communication outcome, professionalism, caring attitudes, time, respect and openness are additional factors that are frequently mentioned in this context. Oral communication between healthcare providers may be performed directly or through a third person (interpreter) who facilitates encounters in cases of a language barrier between patient and the caregiver. Mutual understanding in both interpersonal and inter-professional communication is very important for quality health care and patient satisfaction. Written misunderstandings are more visible in inter-professional encounters, whereas in interpersonal communication oral misunderstandings are more frequent. Cultural misunderstandings in clinical encounters may be rooted in individual, organizational or ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The last will be in focus in this study. Due to the importance of communication as the fundamental stage in diagnosis and treatment procedures, it is vital to prevent misunderstandings in communication between patients and caregivers during clinical encounters as well as between the clinicians involved.

Research on Perception Diversity in Intercultural Communication —With Guasha Treatment as a Case Study

This paper aims at depicting the phenomenon of perception diversity and its negative impact on intercultural communication (hereafter referred to as IC), as well as trying to offer a corresponding solution. Perception, according to its definition, is a process by which we make what we sense into a meaningful experience by selecting, categorizing and interpreting internal and external stimuli to form our worldviews. Guasha Treatment, a movie which provides the readers with a real intercultural context, is regarded as a classic in English learning and intercultural communication study. With detailed analysis, this paper illustrates that perception diversity will hinder successful IC by causing misunderstandings in communication. Then, based on Berger and Calabrese’ Uncertainty Reduction Theory and Gudykunst’s Anxiety/Uncertainty Management Theory, empathy is chosen as a solution to reduce the negative impact perception diversity has on IC.

Mastering the Writing Skills in Medical English for Academic Purposes

The article examines the mechanisms for improving the academic writing skills while studying English for Professional Purposes. The authors present their experience of implementing a comprehensive approach in teaching the course in professional English for PhD students and academic staff at higher medical educational institutions. The authors developed their own concept of presenting the training material. The proposed approach has been tested in the development of the textbook “Medical English for Academic Purposes” (2018), which was written in the context of current trends in internationalised higher education, involving the training of specialists who will work in the modern English language educational and scientific environment. The authors suggested a cycle of training tasks, aimed at improving the academic writing skills in teaching Medical English for Academic Purposes. The methodical algorithm for the proposed cycle of tasks has been substantiated: revising the grammar material, control of the level of mastering the lexis, creating didactic conditions for developing business correspondence skills, writing case histories, discharge summaries and other genres of English medical discourse, as well as preparing for international exams Cambridge English and IELTS. The study of common challenges in mastering the professional written use of vocabulary and specialised terminology at a medical university is important for developing the guidelines to eliminate possible mistakes and avoid misunderstanding in medical communication. The proposed approach is aimed at developing the communication skills necessary for successful international communication and cooperation. The research will be useful for translation studies, teaching English as a second language, and developing multilingual competence of future doctors.

Developing Professional Communication Skills in Medical English for Academic Purposes

The article presents the experience of implementing a comprehensive approach in teaching the course in professional English for PhD students and academic staff at higher medical educational institutions. The authors developed their own concept of presenting the training material. The proposed approach has been tested in the development of the textbook “Medical English for Academic Purposes” (2018), which was written in the context of current trends in internationalised higher education, involving the training of specialists who will work in the modern English language educational and scientific environment. The authors suggested a cycle of training tasks, aimed at improving the skills of professional communication in teaching Medical English for Academic Purposes. The methodical algorithm for the proposed cycle of tasks has been substantiated: revising the grammar material, control of the level of mastering the lexis, creating didactic conditions for correction and propedeutics of errors. The study of common challenges in mastering the professional oral use of vocabulary and specialised terminology at a medical university is important for developing the guidelines to eliminate possible mistakes and avoid misunderstanding in medical communication. The analysis of potential challenges in producing medical discourse in English is an important element for integration of Ukrainian researchers into the world community. The research will be useful for translation studies, teaching English as a second language, and developing multilingual competence of future doctors.

ОМОНІМІЯ І ПОЛІСЕМІЯ В ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ АЗАРТНИХ ІГОР В ІСПАНСЬКІЙ МОВІ

The aim of the research is to analize polysemy and homonymy in gambling terminology in the Spanish language. In modern linguistic terminological studies polysemy and homonymy are considered to be negative phenomena in terminological system, as terms should be clear, precise and monosemic to avoid misunderstanding or ambiguity in professional communication. The main methods of studies are lexical semantic analysis and contextual analysis. The homonymic terminological nominations in gambling in Spanish are conditioned by the existence of the same proper names and common names as in el triunfo (la carta de triunfo) and el triunfo (the name of the game), meanwhile polysemantic terms are mainly caused by the parallel usage of hyponymic and hyperonymic names, as in poker (game) and poker (the winning card combination in the game of poker). Very often the use of the definite article before the noun may serve as a distinctive feature, for example, el poker (game) and poker (game winning combination of cards). It is stated that the game is regulated by the rules and special game situation which help to understand the meaning of polysemantic terms, as each game situation requires the use of a special term. The illustrative material revealed the situational character of the game. Contextual analysis proved to be effective means of defining the meaning of polysemantic terminological nominations of gambling in the Spanish language. Situational usage of gambling terms contributes to avoid ambiguity and misunderstanding among the gamblers. The future studies may be dedicated to comparative analysis of terminological nominations of gambling in Spanish and other languages whether of the same language group or different language groups, which may be of practical value in terminological and translation studies.

Emotive misunderstanding within an extended relevance theory

AbstractWhat is intended by the communicator and what is recovered by the addressee could be inconsistent, even if the informative intention is recognized. To account for misunderstandings in emotive communication, an extended relevance theory is proposed by including the analysis of “emotive effects” and “affective intention”. The extended relevance theory allows for analyzing the production of emotive misunderstandings. The influences of interlocutors’ egocentrism on the expression and recognition of affective intention are also presented.

We need to talk: opposing narratives and conflicting perspectives in the conversation on routines

The study of organizational routines has benefited from the work of scholars coming from a variety of disciplinary perspectives. However, there is evidence of serious misunderstanding and problems of communication across methodological divides. We focus on how the contribution of economics-oriented work in this area has been widely misinterpreted, with particular reference to the relationship between routines and change. We also discuss the potential for resolving many of these difficulties.

TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA NOVEL AND ITS TRANSLATION INTO INDONESIAN

Translating utterances is not similar to translating sentences. It requires special attention as there is an intended meaning or message transferred by a speaker to a hearer. Context of the situation overshadowing the utterance must be obeyed carefully. Thus the messages will be easily revealed. Speech act is a way that allows the messages of utterances to be seen. Schiffrin (2001) stated that speech act is one of pragmatics’ basic ingredients arranging by words and corresponding to sentences and some ways to avoid kinds of misunderstanding in communication. The focus of speech act is illucution since it shows the intention of utterances uttered. It is also much correlated with translation. In translating an utterance, it is not merely translated literally, but there is also an intention that should be translated. This paper is aimed to analyze directive speech act in The Old Man and The Sea and its translation into Indonesian. It tries to reveal the functions of directive speech acts, translation techniques used and the translation quality (readability, accuracy, and acceptability).Keywords: translation analysis, directive speech acts, The Old Man and The Sea Novel.

The communication experience of tracheostomy patients with nurses in the intensive care unit: A phenomenological study

ObjectivesTo describe the experience and sources of comfort and discomfort in tracheostomy patients, when they communicate with nurses in the Intensive Care Unit. Research methodology/designBenner’s interpretive phenomenology. Data were collected through: a) semi-structured interviews conducted with the patients after leaving the intensive care unit; b) participant observation; c) situated interviews with intensive care nurses. SettingThe intensive care unit of a hospital in Northern Italy. FindingsEight patients and seven nurses were included in this study. Two main themes were identified 1) feeling powerless and frustrated due to the impossibility to use voice to communicate; 2) facing continual misunderstanding, resignation, and anger during moments of difficulty and/or communication misunderstandings. The main communication discomfort factors were: struggling with not knowing what was happening, feeling like others had given up on me, living in isolation and feeling invisible. The main comfort factors were: being with family members, feeling reassured by having a call bell nearby and nurses' presence. ConclusionsThis study highlights the important role of communication in tracheostomy patients in intensive care and how closely it is linked to all the aspects of a person’s life, which cannot be underestimated as just not being able to use one’s voice.

Effective Methods for Teaching English Vocabulary to Saudi Female Students

Learning vocabulary in an English-language classroom is a major challenge for many students as it is an essential part of foreign language learning. Words convey meaning, and the expansion of vocabulary helps to eliminate misunderstandings in communication. This study investigates the impact of implementing new vocabulary teaching strategies-context drills, word-on-board games, flash-card games, mini-presentations and role playing, dictionary use and blended ‫ learning-to develop ESL learners’ vocabulary acquisition. The control group was taught vocabulary using the traditional didactic teaching method. The study’s sample consisted of 248 first-year students enrolled in the Faculty of Education and the Deanship of the Preparatory Year at the University of Dammam. English instructors with similar qualifications and experience taught the students. Vocabulary pre- and post-tests were given to groups at the beginning and at the end of the class. Data collected from the tests were then documented and statistically analyzed. The findings reveal that students taught using the new methods of instruction had better vocabulary test scores than those taught using the traditional method. These methods have proven to be effective in improving students’ vocabulary acquisition.

The Role Of Emojis And Emoticons In Enhancing Interpersonal Communication Through Messenger And WhatsApp Applications

Communication process is not only speaking or writing words. It is very a complex matter that requires factors affective such as language, grammar, experience and non-verbal elements. Sign language and facial expressions can reveal what person is trying to express than what person actually says in in conversation of face-to-face interactions. However, in text-based communication. The absence of non-verbal can cause misunderstanding and confusion in interpersonal communication. This study focuses on the role of emojis and emoticons in communication technology, specially Messenger and WhatsApp application. This study depends on a theory called (Media Richness Theory) that is proposed by Daft and Lengel. The method used is qualitative research method. Research results show that emoji and emoticons have very important role in interpersonal communication technology

Misunderstandings in Communication: Maxims of Conversation and Intercultural Differences between Interlocutors

The aim of this paper is to present the violation of Grice’s maxims of conversation and discuss interculturally conditioned misunderstanding as one of the causes of their violation. Based on 10 examples of conversations between international students in Italy, the situations of misunderstanding in communication will be presented, and the linguistic and cultural background of the participants’ statements and the possible roles they have in communication will be presented. The focus will be on discussing violated maxims of conversation, and which possible contextual factors could have affected the misunderstandings between the participants in conversations created in certain situations.

Intonation means of expressing misunderstanding in english film discourse

The immediate purpose of the paper is to provide intonation diff erentiation of the three types of misunderstanding in dialogue communication. The object of analysis is the English artistic discourse. The subject of investigation is the intonation means of expressing misunderstanding in English Film Discourse. The investigation results in identifying the common and diff erentiating intonation means of expressing direct misunderstanding, pretended misunderstanding and pretended understanding. The investigation of actors’ intonation has enabled the author to establish the certain misunderstanding phrases intonation characteristics: tone level, tone range, intensity and tempo. Conclusions. In terms of the tone level and tone range, most utterances have turned out to have mid pitch level and mid tone range. The more emotional the speaker is, the wider his voice range seems to, especially when it comes to pretended misunderstanding. In terms of intensity, most phrases are characteristic of normal intensity. The investigation of tempo in the phrases of misunderstanding has confi rmed its changeable and unstable character, presupposed by the addresser’s sincerity / insincerity. Most misunderstanding phrases are pronounced with a normal tempo. The accelerated tempo is common both for the phrases of direct misunderstanding and pretended misunderstanding. Another registered tendency concerns pragmatic pauses, which take place right in front of the lexical units, expressing misunderstanding.

How Can Responsible Family Ownership be Sustained Across Generations? A Family Social Capital Approach

Responsible family ownership (RFO) is a combination of the family’s commitment to the family-firm’s (FF’s) stakeholders in the long term and the explicit behaviour of the family members associated with the firm. However, families are not individuals but rather a system of relationships among family members. In such a context, misunderstandings in communication, anachronistic mentalities and different value systems can block the intergenerational transmission of RFO. Consequently, the responsibility of the family towards the FF’s stakeholders may be damaged and the firm’s socially responsible behaviour hindered. This paper aims to identify how RFO is transferred across generations and to ascertain the role that family social capital (FSC) plays in preserving the transmission of RFO from generation to generation. Our research is based on three in-depth case studies of Mexican family-owned small- and medium-sized enterprises. First, the paper identifies and contrasts a set of FSC-specific factors and problems which play a relevant role in the transmission of RFO while recognizing the influence of the mutually reinforcing dynamics of FSC dimensions. Secondly, the family’s honourableness (Aβländer in J Bus Ethics 116(4):751–767, 2013) is identified as a key driver for sustaining the transmission of RFO. Finally, the paper identifies RFO institutionalization required to face the intrinsic problems of transmitting RFO in growing families.

Exploring issues and strengths of cross-cultural marriage among Korean immigrants

Cross-cultural marriages have continuously increased in the United States. In spite of this increase, further research is needed to address the paucity of literature on cross-cultural marriage, particularly, between immigrants and their indigenous spouses. In this study, we have focused on the cross-cultural marriages between female Korean immigrants who have married Americans, aiming to identify the positive and/or negative aspects of cross-cultural marriage from the Korean women themselves. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted on a total of 14 participants. Their ages ranged from 45 to 66 years (M D 52.5 years) and the average length of time since their immigration was 25 years. Each interview lasted between 45 and 120 min and, with participants' permission, were recorded and transcribed. Based on the participants' life experiences and personal statements, we divided our findings into two sections: (a) issues and problems of cross-cultural marriages, and (b) strengths of cross-cultural marriages. With regard to the issues and problems of cross-cultural marriages experienced by participants, three major themes were identified: (a) communication barriers, (b) cultural conflicts and misunderstandings, and (c) unclear cultural identities. The strengths of cross-cultural marriages were identified as: (a) development of coping strategies, and (b) improving cultural understanding. It appears that participants developed their own coping strategies and improved their cultural understanding in order to deal with the various stressors associated with cross-cultural marriage.

The Intercultural Aspect in Business: An Approach to Communicative Misunderstandings in the Professional Interactions in Business in Morocco

The Intercultural Aspect in Business: An Approach to Communicative Misunderstandings in the Professional Interactions in Business in Morocco

Gay language: Impact on colloquial communication in Barangay Sto.Tomas, City of Binanm Laguna

Many communication disputes and misunderstandings came from not being able to understand a culture that is different than the one that people are comfortable. When a person is trying to learn about another sub culture that is different from their own understanding the speech style is important in order to learn about the other rules and norms within the group. It has been found out that homosexuals have vocabulary of their own popularly known as “Gay Language” that sets them apart from the mainstream heterosexual. In the Philippines, sexual orientation has become a moral, political and social issue of acceptability. This study determined the impact of gay language on colloquial communication in terms of understanding acceptability and usage in Barangay Sto. Tomas, City of Binan, Laguna. The study used the descriptive method of research since it can describe the situation objectively. The results revealed that there is no significant difference in the impact of gay language on colloquial communication when grouped according to age and gender.