Abstract A description is provided for Afroboletus luteolus , which if mycorrhizal, is likely to be an important component of miombo ecosystems, sustaining woodland though enhanced uptake of minerals from nutrient-poor soils and by providing protection from desiccation. This species is eaten in Burundi and in the Central Province of Togo, but not in Malawi, where the Chewa and Yao people consider it inedible in their folk-classifications of nature based on the utility of each organism. Some information on its dispersal and transmission, associated organisms and subtrata, habitats, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe)). No reports of negative economic impacts have been found.