Minnesota School Research Articles

Elements of Realization for the Effective Implementation of CorporateSocial Responsibility-Case Analysis based on Novolife Corporation’s Charity ReliefProgramme for Children with Encephalopathy

Participating in social welfare undertakings and helping to solve social problems are significant channels for fulfilling and realizing corporate social responsibility. Over the past two years, as a volunteer, the author has personally participated in the public welfare project for children with encephalopathy of Nolai Biomedical Technology Co.(Novolife). The author has organized public welfare associations for children with encephalopathy in ICC attached to the Renmin University of China and Breck School in Minnesota, USA, to publicize and study the progress of this project, to follow up and understand the treatment and recovery of the children with encephalopathy, to consult and discuss with managers, medical experts and nurses of Novolife Corporation, and to tale to the children with encephalopathy and parents of the patients. From the preliminary discomfort and shock of witnessing children with encephalopathy in batches, the author gradually changed to the voluntary dedication of directly participating in the service, and under the guidance of Professor Chengfu Zhang, doctoral supervisor of Renmin University of China, and professor of Fulbright Foundation in the United States, the author transformed into the rational thinking of corporate social responsibility. The author is interested in how enterprises should achieve social responsibility under the law of profit maximization and gradually explores the shortcomings, dilemmas, experiences, and inadequacies of Chinese enterprises in achieving social responsibility. This paper focuses on the case analysis of Novolife Corporation’s public welfare project for children with encephalopathy and seeks to analyze the experience of Novolife Corporation in realizing its CSR and to summarize the effective paths for corporations to fulfill their social responsibility under the premise of profit maximization.

Examining Minnesota schools’ discursive positioning and intended educational opportunities for refugee-background students

Minnesota is known for its large concentrations of Hmong, Somali and Karen refugee-background students (RBSs). Drawing on an equity/heritage framework that centres educational equity and the sustaining of the cultural and linguistic practices of minoritized communities, this study examined how district/school websites with the highest enrolment of each student group described equity/heritage focused educational opportunities for RBSs and discursively represented and positioned these students. Our findings show that these school websites largely lacked indications of equity/heritage-based educational opportunities for RBSs, especially for Somali and Karen RBSs. While the websites had a strong visual representation of their RBSs, equity/heritage-focused textual discourses were limited. Instead, discourses of neoliberalism, meritocracy and accountability driven by the global human capital framework were prevalent. We argue that RBSs should be supported with equity/heritage-focused educational opportunities and discourses at schools instead of solely on the basis of global human capital focused discourses. A limitation of our study is that the implementation and impact of these website policies on RBSs’ educational experiences were not explored. However, we also note that examining discourses embedded within these critical online spaces is crucial because they communicate certain ideologies and motives to the public that can influence their perspectives about RBSs and their educational opportunities.

Long-term impacts of COVID-19 on stress and depression among teachers: Differences by gender

This article explores the impact of changes in teaching modalities resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of K-12 teachers, by gender, during the first year of the pandemic. Teachers from a random sample of K-12 schools in North Dakota and Minnesota were surveyed in April 2020, October 2020, and March/April 2021 about their current levels of stress and depression, as well as the frequency with which they experienced certain physical conditions. One-way analysis of variance and multiple regression were used to compare time points for each of the outcomes by gender. Female teachers were more likely to experience higher levels of stress than male teachers, while male teachers were more likely to experience higher levels of depression than female teachers, with spikes in stress and depression levels experienced by both males and females in Time 2. Additionally, physical symptoms were more likely to be experienced by female teachers, with Time 2 respondents overall reporting significantly higher proportions of physical symptoms than Time 1 or Time 3 respondents. Consistently experiencing heightened levels of stress and depression can lead to burnout for teachers. School districts need to monitor stress, especially among females, and depression, especially among males, to recognize the difference in experience for each gender in the teaching profession, as well as provide supports and resources to their teachers to help them in coping with these mental-health issues.

Predictors of Adolescent Intimate Partner Sexual Violence Victimization: Patterns of Intersectional Social Positions in a Statewide, School-based Sample.

Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a substantial public health issue faced by youth, with disparities along lines of race, gender, and sexual orientation. Using an intersectional framework, the current study describes the prevalence of self-reported IPSV victimization across intersecting social positions among adolescents. High school students who completed the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey were asked whether they had ever experienced IPSV. Using exhaustive Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (eCHAID), responses were modeled using five indicators: racial/ethnic identity, transgender/genderqueer/genderfluid identity, sex assigned at birth, sexual orientation, and school location. The prevalence of IPSV victimization within each end group identified by the eCHAID varied from 2.6% to 32.0%. The highest prevalence of IPSV among all students was observed in subgroups defined by multiple marginalized social positions; for example, 32.0% among lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, pansexual, or questioning (LGBQ+) students of color who were transgender, genderqueer, genderfluid or unsure of their gender, and assigned male at birth; 22.8% among LGBQ+ students assigned female at birth and enrolled in a Greater Minnesota (outside of the Twin Cities) school; and 22.2% among Native+ or missing race LGBQ+ students assigned female at birth and enrolled in a metropolitan school. Within the eCHAID decision tree, several subsamples of students were split into two more subsamples with a twofold or greater statistically significant difference in IPSV victimization prevalence between them. Findings from this study highlight notable disparities in the prevalence of IPSV victimization among Minnesota youth and demonstrate the importance of detailing the distribution of interpersonal violence outcomes across youth with multiple marginalized identities. Findings suggest that disparities reported along one categorical axis only may miss important nuances in how risk for IPSV is distributed. Population health researchers should utilize methods that allow for the explication of complex intersections that characterize individuals' social positions in estimating the prevalence of sexual violence.

Patterns of Social Determinants of Health and Publicly-Funded Service Access among Children Involved in Educational, Child Welfare, and Social Service Systems.

Social determinants of health (SDOH)-conditions in which children live, learn, and play-affect child health and well-being. Publicly funded services in education and child welfare systems are important resources to support child well-being, but cross-system coordination is rare. Leveraging integrated administrative data from 60,287 6th graders enrolled in public schools in Minnesota, we used latent class analysis (LCA) to examine patterns of cross-system SDOH, including educational services and involvement in child welfare. Five classes emerged. The largest class was characterized by a few multi-system SDOH and had low service needs. Two classes had differing patterns of school service use, one with a greater likelihood of special education service use alone and the other characterized by the use of multiple school services. Two classes were characterized by cross-system SDOH/service use (e.g., homelessness, child protection, placement in care, mental health, and special education services). We then assessed whether race/ethnicity predicted class membership and tested educational distal outcomes. American Indian, Black, and Latinx children had higher odds of exposure to both cross-system SDOH classes. Students facing any SDOH, particularly those with greater multi-system SDOH exposure, had worse attendance and academic achievement. Our study indicates that children are navigating complex experiences of SDOH and service needs, with a disproportional likelihood that Black children, Indigenous children, and other children of color (BIPOC) experience SDOH. Identifying patterns of SDOH provides an opportunity for policymakers and practitioners to intervene to promote health equity. By understanding facilitators and barriers to child well-being, the results inform how child-serving systems can strive toward health equity.

The effect of splinting crowns on multiple adjacent implants: a retrospective study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the effects of splinting implant crowns against nonsplinted crowns on the failures and complications of multiple adjacent implants. Material and methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all registered implant patients treated at the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry from 1988 to 2018. A total of 2738 implants within 1171 sections of 890 patients were examined retrospectively using an inclusion criteria of (1) two or more adjacent implants (section) present and (2) implants were restored by splinted crowns (Splinted group) or nonsplinted (individual) crowns (Nonsplinted group). Results: An average follow-up interval was significantly longer (p < 0.0001) for Splinted (median 5.52 [IQR 1.97, 9.67] years) compared to Nonsplinted (3.76 [1.49, 6.54] years). Splinted group’s Hazard ratio (HR) for implant failure was 0.67 (95% CI 0.35–1.31, p = 0.24) relative to Nonsplinted, and estimated 5- and 10-year failures rates were 2.5 (1.3–3.7) vs. 3.0 (1.9–4.0)% and 8.7 (6.1–11.3) vs. 8.6 (5.7–11.3)%, respectively. Splinted group’s HR for total complication relative to Nonsplinted was 0.98 (95% CI 0.71–1.36, p = 0.92) and estimated 5- and 10-year complication rates were 24.7 (21.7-27.5) vs. 23.7 (21.1-26.3)% and 38.1 (34.2-41.7) vs. 42.1 (37.2-46.6)%, respectively. Three most common complications (Splinted/Nonsplinted, 10-year estimates) were crown decementation/dislodgement (20.8/13.0%), peri-implantitis (12.2/13.1%), and screw loosening (5.9/12.8%), while 3 failure causes (5-year estimates) were peri-implantitis (1.8/1.3%), implant fracture/metal collar flowering (0.3/1.1%), and soft tissue encapsulation (0.1/0.2%). When 380 Lifecore implants with higher failure rates (8.4% in 7.2 years) were excluded, the implant failure HR became lower 0.46 (0.22–0.99, p = 0.05) indicating significantly lower implant failure risk in Splinted compared to Nonsplinted, while the total complication HR did not change much 0.95 (0.64–1.40, p = 0.79). When compared per section, Splinted total complication HR went down to 0.75 (0.55–1.02, p = 0.07), indicating lower risk for complication in Splinted sections compared to Nonsplinted sections. Conclusion: The trends of implant therapy of multiple adjacent implants have changed over the last three decades. The effects of splinting crowns of multiple adjacent implants were not significant in reducing implant failures or total complications. However, when the Lifecore implants mainly used in Splinted group during earlier phase (1988 – 2003) were excluded, the Splinted group showed significantly lower implant failure risk than Nonsplined group.

MEASURING QUALITY IN LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS THROUGH PERSON-REPORTED OUTCOMES: VALUE OF NCI DATA

Abstract Long-Term Services and Supports (LTSS) include medical, social, and personal care services that people may need to perform activities of daily living due to physical or cognitive impairments. Measuring the quality of LTSS is essential for improving the care and outcomes of people with disabilities and older adults and ensuring that services meet consumer needs. Several frameworks have been developed to measure LTSS quality, including the National Quality Forum’s LTSS Framework. Yet, few data sources are available to measure person-reported quality in HCBS. This symposium will provide an overview of National Core Indicators (NCI) as a unique data source to address this gap. It also includes presentations from researchers from organizations in two states who utilize NCI data – Minnesota and Massachusetts – who will share their perspectives about the value of the data, results from empirical analyses, and how they use and plan to use the data to inform policy. Researchers from the Lurie Institute for Disability Policy will present findings on the association between person-centered planning and key person-reported outcomes in Medicaid HCBS. Researchers from the University of Minnesota School of Public Health and Brown University will share findings from national NCI data on unmet needs among older adults by dementia status and race/ethnicity. They will also share results of analyses in MN, linking person-reported HCBS plan quality and healthcare utilization, using claims data. Collectively, this symposium will address the gap in measurement of HCBS quality nationally and identify key directions for policy and future research.

Mental wellbeing of frontline health workers post-pandemic: lessons learned and a way forward.

To assess the state of mental wellbeing among medical and dental frontline health workers as the COVID-19 pandemic transitions to an endemic phase and to determine what employer-provided intervention strategies these workers perceive as effective and desirable to improve their mental wellbeing. An anonymous online survey distributed to frontline health workers in a hospitalist program of a tertiary care medical center and a university dental school in Minnesota in September 2022. The survey contained validated tools to measure depression severity, levels of perceived stress, and mental health status as well as questions to determine effective strategies to improve emotional wellbeing among these health workers. Data was evaluated on an aggregate level as well as stratified by level (e.g., physician, staff) and field (e.g., medicine, dentistry). On average, all groups of health workers suffered from moderate to moderately severe depression, had a much higher perceived stress level than average, and had a fair mental health status. There were no significant differences in depression severity, stress level, or mental health status among physicians, dentists, medical staff, and dental staff. The majority of the respondents perceived adjusted work hours, rewards and incentives, and teamwork as the most effective and desirable strategies to improve their mental wellbeing. The current mental wellbeing of frontline health workers is poor. Many are dissatisfied with healthcare and consider leaving the industry. To improve their employees' mental wellbeing, healthcare employers might want to consider adjusted work hours, rewards, and teamwork as these intervention strategies are perceived as most effective and desirable by the intended recipients.

Engaging Public Health Alumni in the Tracking of Career Trends: Results From a Large-Scale Experiment on Survey Fielding Mode.

We sought to understand the relative impact of fielding mode on response rate among public health alumni. As part of the 2021 Career Trends Survey of alumni from the University of Minnesota School of Public Health, we designed a fielding mode experiment to ascertain whether a paper survey, a postcard with a custom survey link ("postcard push-to-web"), a mobile telephone call or text (mobile), or an email invitation would garner the highest response rates. Invitations were randomly assigned from available contact information. Of 8531 alumni invited, 1671 alumni (19.6%) completed the survey. Among the initial fielding modes, the paper survey had the highest response rate (28%), followed by mobile (19%), email (10%), and postcard push-to-web (10%). More robust recent engagement with alumni relations, paper survey invitation or mode switch, and recent graduation were all significantly associated with a higher likelihood of response. Paper and mobile invitations had the highest response rates to our survey among public health alumni. Findings from this fielding mode experiment are relevant to schools and programs of public health seeking to capture similar information among their alumni, especially given current trends in investment in the public health workforce.

Queering health services research.

Health Services ResearchEarly View COMMENTARY Queering health services research Courtney Sarkin MBE, Corresponding Author Courtney Sarkin MBE [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-8733-9837 Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455 USA Correspondence Courtney Sarkin, Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorDonna McAlpine PhD, Donna McAlpine PhD Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455 USASearch for more papers by this authorJanette Dill PhD, Janette Dill PhD orcid.org/0000-0002-4044-3127 Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455 USASearch for more papers by this author Courtney Sarkin MBE, Corresponding Author Courtney Sarkin MBE [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-8733-9837 Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455 USA Correspondence Courtney Sarkin, Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorDonna McAlpine PhD, Donna McAlpine PhD Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455 USASearch for more papers by this authorJanette Dill PhD, Janette Dill PhD orcid.org/0000-0002-4044-3127 Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, D305 Mayo Building, MMC 729, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455 USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 03 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.14158 The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation

Rapid onset of functional tic-like behaviors among adolescent girls-Minnesota, September-November 2021.

On October 15, 2021, the Minnesota Department of Health began investigating a school cluster of students experiencing tic-like behaviors thought to be related to recent COVID-19. The objective of this report is to describe the investigation, key findings, and public health recommendations. Affected students and proxies were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire including validated depression and anxiety screens. Eight students had tic-like behaviors lasting >24 h after initial report with onset during September 26-October 30, 2021. All eight students were females aged 15-17 years. All students either had a history of depression or anxiety or scored as having more than minimal anxiety or depression on validated screens. Four students previously had confirmed COVID-19: the interval between prior COVID-19 and tic symptom onset varied from more than a year prior to tic symptom onset to at the time of tic symptom onset. The onset of tic-like behaviors at one school in Minnesota appeared to be related more to underlying mental health conditions than recent COVID-19. These findings highlight the need to better understand functional tic-like behaviors and adolescent mental health.

Marginal Engagement: The Adverse Experiences of White Women and People of Color Alumni at a PWI School of Public Health.

The University of Minnesota (UMN) School of Public Health (SPH) asked graduates about their experiences as students and as alumni. Of 1186 respondents indicating gender, 140 were women who self-identified as members of a marginalized group. Fifty-one percent of these respondents were White women. Compared with White women, Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) women were more likely to report that they felt they did not belong, were uncomfortable, or experienced bias and/or discrimination in their program, although the results were not statistically significantly different at P < .05. Survey results show a clear difference in experience between White and BIPOC alumni. The results indicate a need to improve cultural competence/humility, along with a need to move away from what may be construed as White-centered events, pedagogy, and leadership. With this evidence, the UMN SPH has an opportunity to improve our outreach strategies and initiatives.

Implementing Change Using Best Practice Program Design Principles

Nico P. Pronk, Ph.D., FACSM, FAWHP,is president of the HealthPartners Institute and chief science officer at HealthPartners in Minneapolis, MN. Dr. Pronk is an affiliate full professor of Health Policy and Management at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health and a visiting scientist at the Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health. He is a past president of the International Association for Worksite Health Promotion (IAWHP), coauthor of the IAWHP Online Certificate Course, editor of ACSM's Worksite Health Handbook, 2nd edition, and associate editor for ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal®. Joel B. Spoonheim, MUP,is the senior director of Worksite Health & Population Well-Being for HealthPartners. As part of an integrated health plan and care delivery system, the department delivers in-person care, virtual care, and well-being improvement solutions in new ways to make health care simpler and more affordable. Joel's teams serve customers ranging from small to Fortune 500 employers, individual consumers, Medicare and Medicaid populations, and individual patients. DisclosureThe authors declare no conflict of interest and do not have any financial disclosures.

Dental implant failure and bone augmentation: A retrospective study.

To retrospectively assess the failure rate of implants placed in augmented and non-augmented sites and to investigate whether the time of implant and bone placement are associated with the risk of implant failure in a university setting. In this retrospective study, data were retrieved from the electronic patient database of the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, USA to identify patients older than 18 years of age who received dental implant treatment. Patient characteristics and the adequacy of available bone were retrieved from the patients' dental records and analyzed. Performing sinus lift and/or alveolar ridge augmentation in stages or simultaneously with implant placement and the need for multiple bone regeneration procedures were recorded. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression models were created to analyze the data. Data from 553 implants were analyzed in the study. More than half of the implants were placed in the maxilla (56.8%) and posterior regions (74.3%). The overall survival rate was 96.9%. Sinus augmentation was performed in 19.5% of the cases, while in 12.1% of the included treatments an implant was placed simultaneously. Staged and simultaneous ridge augmentation occurred in 45.2% and 18.8% of the cases, respectively. Implants placed in an area following (p=0.018) or simultaneously (p=0.025) with sinus augmentation showed a significantly reduced survival. Cox regression analysis showed that smoking and simultaneous ridge augmentation and implant placement increased failure rates. Within the limitations of this study, implants placed in tobacco users as well as in augmented maxillary sinuses, simultaneously or in stages, and in augmented ridges lead to higher implant failure rates. Key words:Bone grafting, dental implant, osseointegration, risk factor, survival rate, treatment outcome.

Quantitative Monitoring Practice Change: Reply.

We thank Dr. Bowdle et al.1 for their interest in our article showing how quantitative monitoring can be incorporated into clinical practice.2 We fear they may have missed the major lesson of this work, however, which was modifying clinician behavior so that the vast majority of our patients benefitted from quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular blockade.Bowdle et al. assert that we used acceleromyography only to save money, at the cost of patient safety, and that we claimed device technologies were interchangeable. To the contrary, our primary focus has always been patient safety, and we discussed technology differences multiple times in our article. In our methods and discussion, we recommended acceleromyography ratio greater than1.0 and further explicitly stated that acceleromyography ratios 0.9 to 1.0 may represent incomplete reversal. Supplemental Digital Content figure 2 stated that the acceleromyography train-of-four ratio goal should be greater than 1. We recognized the differences. Bowdle et al. discount acceleromyography technology on the basis of baseline train-of-four ratios. A better approach may be to look at studies measuring the train-of-four ratio measurement biases for the two technologies compared to the reference standard, mechanomyography. The mechanomyography–electromyography train-of-four bias has been reported as 4.7%, suggesting that electromyography overestimates the train-of-four ratio by about 0.04 compared to mechanomyography.3 The mechanomyography-acceleromyography train-of-four biases range from –8.1 to 9.8%, suggesting that acceleromyography may overestimate the train-of-four ratio by as much as 0.09 compared to mechanomyography.3–5 Both technologies overestimate train-of-four ratios compared to the reference standard according to the research. Insight about these technologies can also be found in 25 studies from 1992 to 2018 that documented many patient benefits associated with recovery from neuromuscular blockade, including improved swallowing, pharyngeal function, airway patency, vision, speech, muscle strength, breathing mechanics, and airway patency. Thirteen of these studies used nonnormalized acceleromyography of which 9 studies cited 0.9 as the train-of-four ratio cutoff for improved patient outcomes. We still believe in attaining an acceleromyography ratio greater than 1, although this evidence suggests it may not be necessary. In our professional practice change, we set the train-of-four ratio goal at 0.9 despite our mixed practice of electromyography and acceleromyography for simplicity in messaging. Additionally, our anesthesia records do not specify the type of quantitative monitor used, eliminating our ability to parse out our patient data based on the technology used. However, table 3 reflected our practice of using acceleromyography with a target train-of-four ratio greater than 1, which showed that postimplementation average train-of-four ratios were greater than 1 for all reversal groups. In summary, we chose to use acceleromyography not just to save $20 to $25 per patient (cost of proprietary electromyography sensor array), but, more importantly, because it is a well-studied, reliable way to monitor neuromuscular function.Bowdle et al. question the validity of our findings due to manual data entry by our physicians and Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists. Research staff data collection represents a more robust study design, but it is simply unattainable in a process improvement project involving all patients given a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker (24 hours/day, 7 days/week, 365 days/year). We would have preferred automatic electronic data entry, which we stated in our article. The suggestion by Bowdle et al. that our providers falsified train-of-four ratios, however, would not be entirely addressed by electronic data entry because manual override would be possible.Bowdle et al. advocate for subjective tactile twitch counting. Our practice uses quantitative monitoring.Bowdle et al. claim that TwitchView array failures are rare, citing controlled observational studies. It appears we cannot reproduce this level of reliability in our clinical practice. Our article describes a real-life application of two technologies present and functional for use by all providers. There is enthusiasm for both technologies at our institution, but our providers consistently report more TwitchView equipment failures. An observation of 100 consecutive uses of the TwitchView by Dr. Michael Todd, M.D. (University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota; written communication, August 12 and 16, 2022) demonstrated 84% success without corrective measures, 10% success after corrective maneuvers, and 6% failure rate due either to device or cable problems, electrode failures, or uncorrectable electrode dislodgement. These data come from an experienced provider who observed that skin preparation and reinforced array taping (including application of benzoin) increased success rates. In our article, we reported the experiences of our providers that may be improved with meticulous application and troubleshooting of the TwitchView equipment.Understanding the equipment used in anesthesia care is important. We believe there is more than one acceptable technology to attain quantitative neuromuscular measurements. We recognize there are idiosyncrasies of acceleromyography technology. However, acceleromyography is an accepted and useful method for monitoring neuromuscular blockade, especially when the hand is accessible. We appreciate the excellent functionality of the TwitchView and Stimpod and will continue using both devices.The authors declare no competing interests.

Dental implant failure and factors associated with treatment outcome: A retrospective study

PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to retrospectively 1) investigate the association between implant-, patient- and bone-related parameters with the risk of implant failure; 2) analyze the survival rates of dental implants placed in a university clinical setting. MethodsData were retrieved from patient charts from the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry to identify patients older than 18 years of age who received dental implant treatment by faculty, residents or students in the university dental clinics. Implant-, patient- and bone-related parameters such as implant system, length, diameter, jaw, region, installation protocol, gender, smoking, medical history, history of periodontal disease, self-reported oral parafunctions, type of bone, and operator were manually retrieved and analyzed. ResultsFive hundred and fifty-three implants were randomly selected from a total of 4,424. Of these 553 implants, 440 (79.6%) were associated with a >10 mm length, 371 (67.1%) with a >4 mm diameter and 431 (77.9%) had replaced a single tooth. Submerged healing mode was followed in 363 (65.6%) of the implants with the mean healing time being 3.2 months. History of periodontal disease was identified in 294 (53.2%) of these cases. A total of 17 implants failed after a mean time of 6.29 ± 6.75 months, resulting in an overall survival rate of 96.9%. Based on a univariate analysis, implant system, operator, time between extraction and implant surgery, time between bone grafting and implant placement, tobacco use as well as clenching and grinding were considered potential implant failure predictors and were further included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Tobacco use (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with implant failure. ConclusionWithin the limitations of this retrospective randomly selected university-treated sample tobacco use increased the risk for implant failure. Failure occurred in 17 implants representing a 3.1% failure rate.

Engaging Native American Students in Research Methodology through Development and Validation of a Tobacco Survey

Background: The purpose of this project was to provide a learning experience for AIAN undergraduate students participating in a summer academic enrichment program, Native Americans into Medicine (NAM). Through NAM, operated by the Center of American Indian and Minority Health, students learned quantitative and qualitative research skills. They applied these skills through the development of a culturally relevant survey to measure commercial tobacco use in AIAN teens and analysis of the survey results. Methods: In Phase/year 1, students learned qualitative research methods and interviewed participants of a regional Tribal community powwow to inform the cultural adaptation of the National Youth Tobacco Survey. In Phase/year 2, the students learned about quantitative research methods through the conduct of a cross-sectional study in which the survey was distributed to rural Minnesota schools to assess tobacco attitudes, use, intent to use, and factors influencing tobacco use in AIAN youth. NAM student participants then analyzed the survey data. Benchmarks for student success included: development of a tool to assess tobacco use in AIAN youth, conduct of research study, and dissemination of research results. Results: At the pow wow in year 1, twenty-six youth ranging between 12 and 18 years of age who self-identified as AIAN were recruited to participate in cognitive interviews. As a group, student researchers reviewed each survey question for possible revision and consideration for inclusion in the final survey. In year 2, completed surveys were obtained from 281 (15% of eligible) students from 5 schools; 256 surveys were usable. Thirty-one percent (N=80) students self-identified as AIAN; 56% were male. Students’ mean age was 15.8 years. Thirty-eight percent had ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs, and had ever vaped. As a cohort, students presented research results to health directors and providers at 2 tribal clinics. Discussion: In conclusion, this two-year cohort approach to teaching qualitative and quantitative research skills to AIAN students was successful by internal benchmarks, namely student researchers developed, implemented, and analyzed a survey appropriate for AIAN high school students, and all student researchers presented their research results at least once.

Editorial Comment

No AccessJournal of UrologyAdult Urology1 Nov 2022Editorial CommentThis article comments on the following:Associations Between Unmet Social Needs and Overactive Bladder Sonya S. Brady Sonya S. BradySonya S. Brady *Email address: E-mail Address: [email protected]. Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002841.01AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 208(5), p. 1114

Survival Rates and Factors Affecting the Outcome Following Immediate and Delayed Implant Placement: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Immediate implant placement into extraction sockets has become a widely acceptable treatment option to decrease treatment time and enhance esthetics. The objectives of this study were to assess and compare the survival rates of immediate and delayed implant treatment as well as to investigate the effect of patient- and site-related variables on the treatment outcome in a large-scale population-based study. Methods: Dental records of patients who received implant therapy were retrieved from the electronic records of the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry. Demographic characteristics, dental insurance status, socioeconomic status as well as medical history and tobacco use were recorded. The treatment outcome was included as a binary variable (survival/failure). Time to failure (date of procedure to date of visit with failure) was compared between immediate and delayed implant treatment in Cox regression models. Kaplan–Meier plots for the survival of both treatment modalities were created. Patient-sites without failure were censored at the last follow-up visit. Results: A total of 4519 records of implants were included. The sample mean age was 60.27 years and included 50.7% males and 12.9% tobacco users. High socioeconomic status was characterized for 82.3% of the included population and 63.0% of them were self-payers. Immediate implants were significantly more frequently placed in the maxillary arch (p < 0.001) than in the mandible. Tobacco users received more often a delayed rather than an immediate implant placement (p = 0.001). The survival rate analysis revealed there were no significant differences between immediate and delayed implant placements (p = 0.48). The mean follow-up time was 32.27 months during which 1.5% immediate and 1.1% delayed implants were removed. The estimated mean survival time for immediate implants was 68.90 months, while delayed implants placed in healed sockets showed a mean survival time of 75.11 months. A statistically significant association was found between gender (p = 0.03) and osteoporosis (p = 0.001) with treatment outcome. Conclusions: The placement of immediate implants achieved similarly high survival rates when compared to delayed implants placed in healed sites. Males and osteoporotic individuals showed significantly higher implant failure than females and non-osteoporotic patients. This study demonstrated that both immediate and delayed implant placements are sound options with predictable treatment outcome.

Shifting the Opioid Conversation from Stigma to Strengths: Opportunities for Developing Community-Academic Partnerships

Background: Opioid misuse and abuse is a longstanding concern, particularly in underserved communities. Community-level data is needed to understand how to best address the opioid crisis. A strengths-based whole-person approach can offset challenges in working to maximize individual health. Objectives: Project objectives included acquiring and providing data to the community to engage members in meaningful conversations about opioid misuse and abuse and gather insights to shape a response to the opioid crisis. Methods: University of Minnesota School of Nursing faculty collaborated with community partner Hue-MAN Partnership, to develop and implement a Community Opioid Survey at neighborhood meetings. The MyStrengths+MyHealth assessment was used to identify strengths of community members. Community meetings included introductions by the Hue-MAN Partnership, presentation of the survey data, and facilitated discussion to involve community members in data interpretation and solution development. Results: Data was collected at 11 community meetings between June 2018 and May 2019. Approximately half of respondents had been affected by opioid misuse or overdose; oxycodone was the most frequent opioid involved; community clinics were the most available resource; and community education was identified as a needed resource to reduce misuse and overdose. Communities perceived and used language differently in talking about opioids. Conclusion: The community-academic- partnership enabled collection of community-specific data that may have been inaccessible to researchers working alone. Access to community-specific data holds promise for increasing research relevance and for engaging community knowledge and needs.