Ministry Of New And Renewable Energy Research Articles

Implementing an Energy Calculator in a Mobile Based Application for Solar Potential Measurement

Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has matured to become a technically viable large scale source of sustainable energy. Understanding the rooftop PV potential is critical for utility planning, accommodating grid capacity, deploying financing schemes and formulating future adaptive energy policies. The NIWE (National Institute of Wind Energy) under MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable Energy) is an esteemed institute dedicated to Indian wind and solar renewable energy generation and monitoring. The SRRA (Solar Radiation and Resource Assessment) is a division under NIWE that is responsible for solar energy monitoring throughout India. They have created the Solar Radiation Map of India using high quality, ground measured solar data. This asks the question, whether it is possible to get a quick estimate of a solar installation. Thus, the paper explains the problems in the field of solar potential measurement and the deployment of a calculator in a mobile front platform. The mobile app would quickly and effortlessly give a rough estimate on what a solar installation could save in power consumption costs.

Substrate temperature dependent studies on properties of chemical spray pyrolysis deposited CdS thin films for solar cell applications**Project supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India, New Delhi.

Thin films of CdS have been prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis by spraying precursor solution directly onto soda lime glass (SLG) substrates. Influence of substrate temperature on structural, optical, morphological and electrical properties have been investigated by using various techniques such as low angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–visible spectroscopy photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy etc. Formation of CdS has been confirmed by low angle XRD, Raman spectroscopy and XPS analysis. XRD pattern showed that CdS films are polycrystalline, have hexagonal structure and prefer orientation of crystallites shifts from (101) to (002) with increase in substrate temperature. Raman spectroscopy revealed that exciton-phonon coupling depends on substrate temperature and hence on crystallite size. Optical band gap increased from 2.43 to 2.99 eV when substrate temperature increased from 325 to . Transmittance of the film also showed an increasing trend from to with increase in substrate temperature. Such high band gap and transmittance values of CdS films prepared at make it a useful window material in CdS/CdTe and CdS/Cu2S heterojunction solar cells.

Electricity Generation with Conventional and Nonconventional Energy Technologies in Dudhali Village

Objective: To generate the energy with the help of conventional and non-conventional sources. Methods: Energy shortage is the major threat for economic development and Rural Electrification can improve the standard of a country. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) gives a report about Uttarakhand and accordingly near about 123 numbers of villages are still not electrified due to shortage of transmission line, this problem can be solved by stand alone system. This paper is a best off grid hybrid system model with the help of HOMER software. Finding: This paper suggests the best Hybrid system for electricity production with the help of conventional and non-Conventional resources to assure the electrical needs of distant village, Dudhali in Uttarakhand state, and estimates the domestic, business, agriculture and small industries demand, and identify the best off-grid alternative. This paper presents issues which disturbing in understanding of the best explanation. Application: One of the most universal concerns of the utilities is to reduce the emission from habitual energy system by using non conventional sources and to decrease the cost of electricity supply to distant areas. Hybrid systems can provide a good solution for such problems because they integrate renewable energy along with the traditional power plants.

Modeling and Aerodynamic Analysis of Small Scale, Mixed Airfoil Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade

To create a clean energy environment for the future found to be as one of the great challenges of our time. As conventional sources (i.e. oil, coal, Fossil Fuels) of energy depleting very rapidly and will be finished in near future, it is very essential to look for renewable energy sources. To incorporate this challenge in India a systematic new energy plan was developed in 2006 i.e. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). Harvard University study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2009, had calculated that the future world’s wind power potential to be 40 times greater than current power consumption. The most important component of wind energy converter is rotor, which rotate and produces electricity. The objective of this project is to design a rotor blade for Reynolds number 100,000. Design procedure consists of selection of suitable air foil (for small scale Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine), determination of twist and chord along the blade radius, and modelling is done on Creo-Parametric 5.0. Aerodynamic analysis is performed through Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory which gives optimize torque and power. Performance is analysed for wind velocity 4-7 m/s at different tip speed ratio (TSR). Performance is validated with the help of CFD (ANSYS 14.0). After analysis, it is found that the power developed is 250W with coefficient of power 35.687%.

New Location Selection Criterions for Solar PV Power Plant

India is the seventh largest country in the world and blessed with adequate solar radiation, therefore to setting up a Photovoltaic power plant is a lucrative option. Indian climatic conditions vary enormously from east to west and north to south due to its geographical position in the world map. It is also observed that in actual field conditions the performance of the PV modules vary significantly when compared to Standard Test Condition (STC) due to large change in environmental conditions. Now it is very important to study the exact meteorological parameters for different locations in India before installation of a Photovoltaic power plant. In this paper, the long-term meteorological parameters for the seventy considered locations in India from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) renewable energy resource website (Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy) are collected and analyzed in order to study the behaviour of solar radiation, insolation on an equator-pointed surface that is tilted at latitude angle, insolation clearness index, daylight hours, air temperature and relative humidity of India to select an ideal location for installation of PV power plant. The analysis of the paper helps the investors, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Electricity Authority and Planning Commission to know which locations in India are environmentally ideal for installation of PV power plant.

A New Approach towards Ideal Location Selection for PV Power Plant in India

India is the seventh largest country in the world, blessed with adequate solar radiation, therefore to setting up a Photovoltaic power plant is a lucrative option. In actual field conditions the performance of the PV modules vary significantly from its Standard Test Condition (STC) due to large change in environmental conditions. It is very important to study the exact meteorological parameters for different locations in India before installation of a Photovoltaic power plant. In this paper, the long-term meteorological parameters for the seventy considered locations in India from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) renewable energy resource website (Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy) are collected and analyzed in order to select an ideal location for installation of PV power plant. This paper helps the investors, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Electricity Authority and Planning Commission to select proper locations for installation of PV power plant.

Solmap: Project In India's Solar Resource Assessment

India launched Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission in 2009, which aims to set up 20 000 MW of grid connected solar power, besides 2 000 MW equivalent of off-grid applications and cumulative growth of solar thermal collector area to 20 million m2 by 2022. Availability of reliable and accurate solar radiation data is crucial to achieve the targets. As a result of this initiative, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) of Government of India (GoI) has awarded a project to Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET), Chennai in the year 2011 to set up 51 Solar Radiation Resource Assessment (SRRA) stations using the state-of-the-art equipment in various parts of the country, especially the sites with high potential for solar power. The GoI project has synergy with SolMap project, which is implemented by the Deutsche GesellschaftfürInternationaleZusammenarbeit (GIZ) in cooperation with the MNRE. SolMap project is contributing to SRRA project in establishing quality checks on the data obtained as per International protocols and helping data processing to generate investment grade data. The paper highlights the details of SRRA stations and an attempt has been made to present some of the important results of quality control and data analysis with respect to GHI and DNI. While our analysis of the data over one year finds that intensity and profile of the insolation are not uniform across the geographic regions, the variability in DNI is particularly high. Strong influence of monsoon is also identified. SRRA infrastructure aims to develop investment grade solar radiation resource information to assist project activities under the National Solar Mission of India.

Field Experiences with the Operation of Solar Radiation Resource Assessment Stations in India

World's largest DNI measurement network of 51 automatic meteorological stations with solar radiation instruments fulfilling the highest commercially available standards is operating in India. The Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) in 2011 started this extensive solar resource monitoring cum meteorological station network under the Solar Radiation Resource Assessment (SRRA) project. This paper highlights the overall performance of the stations over more than one year and documents the specific problems and errors observed in field operation. Following best practices quality assessment tests, a data flagging system to identify, differentiate and quantify different types of errors and other functionalities have been implemented as part of the SolMap project. The quality assessment tests check the plausibility of data, differentiate trustworthy data from likely erroneous data and flag them accordingly. The quality flag statistics of all 51 stations reveals that some stations are performing very well and others need more attention to improve. In the period from January 2012 to March 2013 on an average over all 51 stations, 92% of the solar radiation data are classified as correct. The quality control system has proven to be very effective for detecting errors in functionality of the stations. Values flagged erroneous along with missing values are considered as gaps. Many applications such as solar energy performance simulations need continuous time-series. Therefore it is required to fill the measurement gaps with reasonable data. This paper also describes a set of procedures called ‘basic gap filling’ for solar irradiance. The accuracy of the applied basic gap filling methodology is tested and the results show a mean bias of ca. 3% over GHI, DNI and DHI over all types of gaps. Automated alarms, sensor cleaning switch, bird protection cages for wind sensors etc. are some of the efforts SRRA took for smoother operation. Regular cleaning of the radiometers remains the most challenging task for the SRRA network.

CRISPTower – A Solar Power Tower R&D Initiative in India

The National Solar Mission launched by the Government of India promotes the deployment of 20,000 GW of solar power by 2022. In this initiative CSP plays a significant role. Solar thermal power generation opportunities in India are huge. SunBorne Energy in partnership with the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India, is developing solar power tower technology within the framework of the R&D project CRISPTower (Collaborative Research Initiative in Solar Power Tower). The project is being carried out in cooperation with IMDEA Energy, Spain and the Clean Energy Research Center (CERC), University of South Florida (USA). A 1MWth solar power system is currently being installed at the Solar Energy Center at Delhi,India (28.425̊ Latitude). The project envisages the use of atmospheric air as the working fluid with an exit temperature from an open volumetric metallic porous receiver of about 600̊C. A new carousel-type heliostat design with 150m2 mirror surface area is incorporated in the system. The thermal storage system is based on a packed bed of rocks, primarily consisting of metallic oxides as sensible storage medium.

The trials and tribulations of the Village Energy Security Programme (VESP) in India

The Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) launched the Village Energy Security Programme (VESP) in 2004 but discontinued it during the 12th Five Year Plan, starting in 2012, after a series of unexpected challenges. Planners structured the program so that a village energy committee (VEC) ran a decentralized village program involving biomass gasifiers, straight vegetable oil (SVO) systems, biogas plants, and improved cookstoves. This suite of technologies was intended to produce electricity and thermal energy to meet the “total energy requirements” of rural communities. At the end of January 2011, a total of 79 VESP projects were sanctioned in 9 states and 65 of these projects were fully commissioned, yet more than half were not operational. The MNRE envisaged that the VESP would provide energy services to eradicate poverty, improve health, reduce drudgery, enhance education, raise agricultural productivity, create employment, generate income, and reduce migration. However, VESP projects have had limited success, and the trials and tribulations of the VESP offers important lessons for policymakers launching rural energy programs in India and other developing economies.

Potential of Renewable Electricity from Biomass Waste of IIT Roorkee Campus, India

Abstract: Electricity production using conventional energy sources is associated with serious environmental problems like emission of pollutants, global warming and social problems. The world’s CO2 emissions are projected to rise from 29.0 billion MT in 2006 to 33.1 billion MT in 2015 and 40.4 billion MT in 2030. This increase in emissions indicates more global warming. The Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has been supporting programs for the development of renewable energy sources which are not only unlimited but environmentally friendly — like biomass, solar, small hydro, wind, etc. If biomass is used sustainably, there is no net carbon emission over the time of a cycle of biomass production.Waste management is an important issue today. To handle the ever growing problem of waste, residents and companies are constantly looking for the best and least expensive methods. Types of waste generated by the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR) include kitchen waste, municipal solid waste, sewage waste, and waste cooking oil. By utilizing biodegradable waste out of total waste clean energy can be generated and waste disposal problems solved.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v9i0.7071 Hydro Nepal Vol.9 July 2011 38-43