Ministry Of Finance Research Articles

The Influence of Regional Socioeconomic Features On the Distribution of Financial Resources For Higher Education

The article is devoted to solving the problem of “budgetary financial adequacy of higher education” in China through a fairer, uniform, and sufficient distribution of financial costs for higher education among the provinces of this country, considering significant differences in the natural, economic, and social conditions of development in various regions. Currently, in China, the calculation of standard financial costs for the education sector is carried out according to the legal requirements of the Budget Department of the Ministry of Finance, taking into account the number of people studying at the corresponding level of education, the cost norm for this level of education, and the deviation coefficient. Instead, this article proposes a more comprehensive and rational approach that considers regional differences in the cost of living and the financial burden on higher education institutions, increasing the government’s responsibility for supporting a balanced distribution of financial resources for higher education. To take into account regional differences, it is proposed to use a system of indices for the difference in the costs of regional development, which includes three main categories of indicators: natural factors (the complexity of the terrain and the share of the area planted with forests), economic factors (the index of prices for raw materials, GDP per capita, freight traffic, and the total duration of operation of urban public transport), and social factors (population density in municipal areas, number of graduates of general education colleges and universities). To determine the fair size of budgetary expenditures on higher education, it is proposed to make adjustments to the index of differentiation of regional development expenditures, which combines these indicators using the geometric regression average benchmark method (without including a constant term). A higher value of this index means that the region needs more resources to achieve the same level of development as another region, so the standard budget expenditures for higher education should be higher for it. For all provinces in China, the coefficient of financial adequacy of higher education was calculated as the ratio between the standard financial costs of higher education (calculated according to the proposals outlined in this article) and the actual costs incurred. It is proposed that this coefficient be used as a basis for optimizing their distribution. The article emphasises the need to form a strategy for financing higher education in China, which should be based on a dynamic permanent adjustment of the amount of allocated financial resources depending on changes in the regional social and economic conditions of development of each province, an effective institutional mechanism that would allow adapting this strategy to endogenous and endogenous changes in China’s economy, optimisation of horizontal transfer payments and partnership assistance programs, and incentive mechanisms for local governments to invest in higher education.

Implementasi Kebijakan Penyelesaian Retur Surat Perintah Pencairan Dana pada Kantor Pelayanan Perbendaharaan Surabaya 1

In the research abstract, the author explains the policy of resolving SP2D returns in state financial management carried out by the Minister of Finance as the State General Treasurer through the State Treasury Service Office (KPPN). KPPN is part of the Directorate General of Treasury at the Ministry of Finance, directly related to the Head of the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Treasury. On the other hand, state ministries/institutions involve Work Units (Satker) as part of their organizational structure, responsible for activities that use APBN funds. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, which focuses on describing, analyzing, and understanding more in-depth data from interviews and observations regarding the issue of SP2D returns. The aim is to understand the root causes of SP2D returns and the process of resolving them at KPPN Surabaya I through analysis of data collected at the research location. We as writers refer to the theory of George C. Edward III's theory that highlights communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure as factors that influence the success of policy implementation. In this study, the bank section aims to improve the service standards that have been implemented to achieve better results.

Analisis Prosedur Sistem Informasi Akuntansi pada Siklus Penggajian Terhadap Karyawan: Studi Kasus BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang

A payroll accounting system is really needed in a company that can deal directly with employees. The payroll system functions in managing payment transactions for services carried out by employees who have a manager level position. Payroll-related activities (information regarding recruitment, dismissal, transfer, training, etc.) and collection of information regarding the use of employee time that occurs every day. However, the actual processing of payroll only occurs periodically because in most organizations employees are paid weekly, biweekly, or monthly rather than daily. Therefore, payroll is a continuous application that is processed in batch mode. The subject of this research is one of the administrative staff informants at the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office, while the results of this research are using documentation guidelines and interview guidelines taken using direct interview and documentation techniques. Data collection is carried out using a direct acquisition system from the parties concerned. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The research results show that the payroll system that occurs at the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office is in accordance with the Operational Procedure System (SOP) that has been established by the Ministry of Finance, namely the payroll system that is implemented at the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office is good in terms of providing documents relating to payroll system. The payroll system used by the BPDAS Jeneberang Saddang office is technology-based using the GPP (Central Civil Servant Salary) application system and other supporting documents such as changes to employee salary lists, making SPP (Payment Request Letters), SSP (Tax Payment Letters), SPM ( Payment Order), and finally SP2D (Funds Disbursement Order).

Environmental Social Governance Integration for Infrastructure Development in Public Private Partnership Toll Road Sector

This study examines the integration of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) principles into Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Scheme for Indonesian infrastructure development. Employing a qualitative method with content analysis, the study reveals that the Ministry of Finance has established an ESG framework for PPP, with implementation already in Toll Roads sector. In the PPP toll road sector, Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing Regulations address ESG considerations, and a monitoring and evaluation system called “Penilaian Jalan Tol Berkelanjutan (JTB)” has been introduced since 2022 to assess ESG performance. Ten ESG-compliant rest areas along the Trans Jawa toll road network have been identified, and Jasa Marga is recognized as the best-performing State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) in managing these toll road rest areas. The study underscores that ESG integration in PPP projects can attract financial access, investments, and government support, ultimately promoting sustainability and enhancing PPP governance. By integrating ESG principles in PPP it can play a pivotal role in advancing sustainability and contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

SISTEM LOGISTIK DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN KELEMBAGAAN DAN SISTEM INFORMASI

The purpose of writing this article is to identify and elaborate on the institutional and logistical information systems, services, and benefits that stakeholders can obtain, as well as the challenges and obstacles that occur, and what solutions can be taken so that the existing logistics system becomes efficient in terms of time, cost, and business processes. The approach taken by the author is through literature review and gathering information from relevant parties and elaborating on the institutions and logistical information systems currently implemented. This study shows that there are several information systems related to the digitization of logistics processes, both developed by government agencies (as authorities) and by companies independently. The logistics information systems currently in operation are relatively integrated (through the National Logistics Ecosystem /NLE) among stakeholders such as Customs, quarantine, Port Authorities, financial services and banking, the Ministry of Transportation (InaPortNet, SIMLALA, SITOLAUT, SIJUKA), the Ministry of Trade (Inatrade), the Ministry of Industry, and the Ministry of Finance (INSW and NLE).

The Effect of Village Fund on Inequality and Inclusive Growth in Indonesia: A District Level Case Study

Objective –This study tries to find the relationship between Village Fund expenditures and the inequality and growth inclusiveness using data from 434 districts for the time span of seven years from 2015 to 2021.Design/Methodology –This study uses quantitative research. The research data comprised the data of Village Fund, Gini Ratio, and Inclusive Growth Index from the Ministry of Finance, Central Bureau of Statistics, and the Ministry of National Development Planning. To investigate the relationship between variables, a dynamic panel data with Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) approach is applied.Results –This study revealed the relationship between Village Fund and Inequality and Inclusive Growth. We found that there is no strong relationship between the Village Fund, the first lag of the Village Fund, the second lag of Village Fund and Inequality among specifications. Similar relationships are also shown by the Village Fund, the first lag of Village Fund, the second lag of the Village Fund, and the Inclusive Growth among specifications. In other words, the implementation of Village Fund could not eradicate the inequality problem and could not support inclusion of economic growth in the village level.Research Limitations/Implications –The result of this study potentially has a major implication in terms of program delivery effectiveness and the factors that influence the program effectiveness. Furthermore, in this particular research, the major problems with village fund allocation are the equity issue of the allocation scheme and the clarity of the village service responsibilities.Novelty/Originality –This study uses a different approach to the panel data, which is a dynamic panel data with GMM approach. This study also uses a more specific scope of the data which is a district (kabupaten/kota) level in Indonesia.

Deyatel'nost' pravoohranitel'nyh organov Rossijskoj imperii na territorii Kitajskoj respubliki (1912–1917 gg.)

The article discusses the activities of law enforcement agencies and special services of the Russian Empire - the headquarters of the Trans-Amur District of the Border Guard, the Shanghai residency of the Ministry of Finance and the gendarmerie and police department of the Chinese Eastern Railway on the territory of the Republic of China on the eve and during the First World War. It is concluded that an important component of the task of these units was to counter international criminal communities operating both in Russia and in China.

IJCM_264A: An assessment of Dialysis services in the state of Chhattisgarh

Background: In India, about 3.4 crore people need dialysis, with 2.2 million new cases of renal diseases every year. With approximately 4950 dialysis centres, the demand is less than half met. Every Dialysis has an additional expenditure tag of about Rs.2000, it results in expenditure of Rs.3-4 Lakhs annually for the patient. The Dialysis Program under Public Private Partnership was formally announced in the Union Budget 2016-17 by the Honourable Finance Minister. Objective: To assess the dialysis centres working under the National Dialysis Programme. To look at the resources and equipment’s of various centres to look at the patient load of various centres Methodology: The teams from Pt. J.N.M Medical college went to 8 centres of various centres giving dialysis services. This covered 75% of the centres of the state. Centre staff as well as patients were interviewed. The interview was conducted using a predesigned, validated, semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The staff working in the centres is well trained and they are managing the workload well. The technicians are doing well in terms of giving services and most of the centres have multiple machines. Raipur is the most advanced one. Conclusion: These dialysis centres are doing a good job in managing workload however, the centres should have a dedicated Medical officer for the centre. Although, workload is well managed because of Medical Officers working in DH and trained staff of the centre, the medical officers of District Hospital can be trained for reduction of employment stress

PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA BEBAS FRAUD: PENDEKATAN EFEKTIF DI KECAMATAN TIDORE UTARA

Fraud occurs in several sectors, including the village sector, such as fraud in the management of village funds. Village funds that were initially to improve independent villages were not appropriately managed; the management of village funds is synonymous with abuse in management; this is evidenced by the statement "Village Fund Outlook 2018" issued by Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) in the village fund book published by the Ministry of Finance. As a result of ICW monitoring, in 2015–2017, cases of abuse in villages increased. In 2015, it reached 17 cases and increased to 41 cases in 2016. A more than twofold spike then occurred in 2017 with 96 cases. A total of 154 fraud cases, such as corruption and misuse of assets, were found. This study was conducted with the aim of examining the influence of village apparatus competence, internal control system, accountability, and morality on fraud prevention efforts in village fund management in North Tidore District, Tidore Islands City. The respondents used were 56 people consisting of village heads, village secretaries, heads of financial affairs, heads of planning affairs, staff of the head of planning affairs, heads of service sections, staff of the head of service sections, heads of government sections, staff of the head of government sections, technical implementers, heads of hamlets, heads of RWs and heads of RT. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the competence of village apparatus and internal control system has a positive and significant effect on fraud prevention. Conversely, morality and accountability have no impact on preventing fraud in village funds.

Kebijakan Redesain Sistem Perencanaan Dan Penganggaran: Implementasi Pada Pusat Pelaporan Dan Analisis Transaksi Keuangan

Government budgeting system reform policies or in Indonesia call “Redesain Sistem Perencanaan dan Penganggaran” (RSPP) is a system initiated by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of National Development Planning that is effective for all ministries and institutions in 2021. RSPP aims to be a real implementation of the money follow program policy and strengthen the application of performance-based budgeting. This research aims to analyse the implementation of RSPP, along with its constraints and impacts. This research used a qualitative research method using a case study approach by interviewing 4 informants. This research was conducted at one of the state institutions, namely the Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (INTRAC). Data collection is carried out in a natural setting, primary data sources, and data collection techniques are more on direct observation, and interviews. From the analysis conducted by researchers, the implementation of INTRAC budgeting in 2023, which was carried out in 2022, is in accordance with the RSPP based on the Joint Circular Letter of the Minister of Finance and the Ministry of National Development Planning. This has an impact on budget documents that are easier to understand, and more visible activities and outputs produced by INTRAC. RSPP makes it easier for leaders to carry out monitoring, evaluation and increase effectiveness and efficiency in government budgeting.

THE ACTIVITIES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES UNDER MARTIAL LAW AND THEIR ROLE IN THE POST-WAR RECOVERY OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes the current state of activity of insurance companies, which is formed under the influence of crisis trends of recent years: the Covid-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictions, a full-scale invasion of the russian federation and mass damage. The extent of the damage to the Ukraine’s economy and the needs for recovery have been analyzed, which will include special support and mobilization of the private sector, as well as necessary costs for the recovery of housing, social infrastructure, energy and transport. It is noted that the downward changes in the number of companies do not have a negative impact on the quality of services provided and the penetration of the insurance market, as these trends may indicate changes in the insurance market and its adaptation to new conditions, reflecting the impact of changes in the economy as a whole, the regulatory environment and demand for specific types of insurance products. It has been determined that in the future, the number of lawsuits under military policies from the ships damaged by sea mines, missile attacks and bombings in the conflict zone in the Black and Azov seas, as well as under private contracts, will increase in the activity of insurance companies. The structural changes in the insurance market and the factors that caused them are analyzed, as well as the trends of changes are given. It has been proven that in the conditions of martial law, the issue of war risk insurance possibilities is quite natural. The possibilities of introducing a fully functional military risk insurance system in Ukraine, which is provided for by the Memorandum on Economic and Financial Policy between Ukraine and the IMF, have been studied. This concept was developed with the participation of specialists from the World Bank, the National Bank of Ukraine of Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, which is positive for the progressive development of the insurance market of our country in the direction of adaptation to EU standards. A comprehensive analysis of the insurance products of the leading Ukrainian insurers, which provide protection against war risks, was carried out. Prospects for the introduction of new insurance products that will meet the needs of society have been determined. The most promising is the implementation of the effective measures for the proper insurance of investments against war risks, which can contribute to the attraction of funds for the reconstruction of the country, the relocation of enterprises, the organization of high-tech production and services, the creation of new jobs, the adoption and application of innovative experience, an increase in the level of income and an increase in income to state.

Results of 2023 for Regional Budgets. Is the Restructuring of the Economy Visible?

The generally favorable situation with the implementation of the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2023 is a result of the positive dynamics of key macroeconomic indicators, expressed in an increase in tax revenues of budgets. In the context of generally high growth rates of tax revenues, the federal transfers showed a slight nominal increase. In most regions, there has been a reduction in federal transfer recеipts, which may indirectly indicate an emerging revision of the existing model of inter-budgetary relations. There is a certain dependence of the dynamics of transfers on the dynamics of tax revenues and the availability of funds (last year’s surpluses) in the budget accounts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The structure of tax revenues by type of economic activity has not yet shown significant changes. There is a pronounced decrease in the share of wholesale and retail trade, against the background of an increase in the share of the financial sector and extractive activities. Expenditures of regional budgets in 2 023 grew more actively than revenues, which led to the formation of a deficit in the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The differing growth rates of budget expenditures have the consequence of the continued concentration of regional-level expenditures in a relatively narrow group of the most powerful regions in terms of economic potential. The increase in the volume of accumulated state subfederal debt occurs in conditions of active substitution of market forms of debt obligations with loans from the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

State support for agriculture in Kazakhstan for the medium term

The goal is to analyze budget revenues and expenses for a three-year period based on state support for agriculture. Methods – based on comparative analysis, the estimated indicators of agricultural production and volume of financing are considered. Results – the main parameters of the draft republican budget for 2024-2026 were studied in connection with the calculated indicators of the Forecast of socio-economic development of Kazakhstan for 2024-2028, as well as the budget volume for 2024-2025 and the concept of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2030. Issues related to the formation of the draft republican budget according to the basic scenario for the development of the country's economy are presented. In the context of main budget functional groups, the size, structure and main directions of financing expenditures of the republican budget are shown in comparative form. Conclusions – the main budget programs for financing agricultural sector are outlined in detail. It is noted that their budgeting has been significantly reduced for projects such as “Stabilization and improvement of the environment” and “Effective water resources management”. As for budget lending, its volumes are increasing significantly compared to previous years, which can be positively assessed as an increase in financial support from the state. However, if industry lending data is compared with a three-year forecast, the amount of industry funding is declining. A decrease in value of budget financing and loans from budget for agricultural production in the medium term will not contribute to increasing their volumes. An important document for planning (budgeting) of agricultural enterprises is a business plan, which generates information about the capacity of market segments and their market shares; characteristics of competitors and consumers are presented, forecast estimates for sales volumes are compiled for several years in advance.

Between Two Empires: Railway Construction in the Far East in the Late Imperial Period

Based on a wide range of archival sources, this article analyses the history of the creation and functioning of the Nikolskaya branch of the Ussuri Railway in the conditions of the Russian-Chinese transborder of the eastern approach to the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER). Designed to connect the CER with the Russian railway network, this branch was significant in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries from the point of view of ensuring the connection of the Trans-Siberian Railway with Vladivostok before the construction of a bypass along the Amur. The concept of “transborder” makes it possible to fit this plot into the broader problem of the formation of contact sociocultural zones along the long land border between Russia and China. The unification of the roads of the two empires into a single railway network led to an increase in migration flows, the founding of new settlements, and the development of civil and military infrastructure, elements of which can be still seen today. At the same time, for a long time, researchers paid no attention to the construction of the connecting branches of the CER and the Trans-Siberian Railway, excluding the adjacent territories from the general narrative of transborder issues, which makes the study particularly relevant. At the same time, archival materials make it possible to characterise not only the difficulties that the Russian government encountered during the construction of the connecting branch but also the initial stage of the formation of a network of settlements along it, their development, as well as the specifics of existence in transborder conditions. The listed issues were raised not only in the Committee of the Siberian Railway, the Ministry of Railways, and the Ministry of Finance, which directly supervised the construction and determined the volume of financing, but also in the CER Society. From the financial point of view, turning to the method of joint road construction using private and state funds, previously tested on other railways in the country, would become one of the arguments for leasing the Ussuri Railway to the CER Society.

Improving pension savings investing: The case of Russia

Many countries seek to improve their pension systems by introducing corporate and individual savings plans to address the challenges of demography, social security, and economy. However, the establishing of a long-term, reliable savings system encounters multiple impediments. The retrospective analysis of Russian pension reforms offers some recommendations on solving the typical problems faced by reformers. Thus, in 2002 the Russian pension system was implemented by a mandatory savings pillar, which 20 years later the Ministry of Finance substituted by voluntary savings­. As this period appeared shorter than the average life span, this measure proved ­ineffective in increasing pension payouts for future retirees. The frequent regulatory changes and the shrinking workforce coverage as the state prioritized the welfare of the current pension recipients also infringed upon the interests of future retirees. Pension savings investments were further affected by the economic policy aimed at the minimal return requirements which resulted in a more conservative asset allocation strategy and inefficient active management in non-state pension funds. The study demonstrates that policy actions to overcome these impediments and to raise the replacement rates for future retirees should include (a) steady regulations within a pension savings system of no shorter than 40 years; (b) the savings pillar covering no less than 80% of the workforce; and (c) the asset allocation strategy involving a bigger share of equity, longer time horizon and clear benchmarks. These recommendations can be applied to emerging market economies concerned with improving and reforming their pension systems.

The Waste Landfill Policy in Israel: Economic and Political Perspectives

The consistent and continuous growth in the world’s population is creating many challenges for public policymakers in the different life areas, including dealing with the increasing amounts of waste that are generating problems involving air and land pollution and a shortage of land for waste disposal. This study presents the effects of public policy on managing municipal waste, measured as the quantity and rate of waste collected throughout Israel in recent years and disposed of in various landfills. An analysis of the political and economic factors affecting this policy is also conducted. The study combines a quantitative and qualitative approach, where the quantitative study includes the analysis of statistical data based on information from the Central Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Finance, and others, and the qualitative study relies on reading and analyzing the primary documents of different government ministries on Israel’s waste disposal policy and information in the media on this issue. The research findings attest to an increase in the amount of municipal waste dumped in Israel, a merely slight decrease in the rate of landfilling as a proportion of all municipal waste disposal, and a merely slight increase in the rate of municipal waste recycled in recent years. The research conclusions stress the effects of the landfill levy and the Cleanliness Maintenance Fund on one hand and of government instability in the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the positivist policy embraced by decision makers in the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and the power struggles between Israel’s different ministries on the other hand, as the respective economic and political factors affecting Israeli policy on municipal waste management. The article contributes to understanding the dynamics of municipal waste management policy in Israel by providing empirical data, analyzing influencing factors, and offering insights into the challenges and opportunities in this area. This study can serve as the basis for future studies that will examine the waste landfill policy in Israel in the context of pressing global challenges such as climate change, the advancement of novel waste treatment technologies, and the potential stabilization of Israel’s political system.

Report of the Panel of Economists: Interim Report on Economic Stabilisation with a Human Face

In September 2008, as the newly elected government struggled to restore macroeconomic stability, the Planning Commission of Pakistan constituted an advisory Panel of eminent economists to “come up with both short and medium term policy actions to address the economic challenges facing Pakistan, especially in the context of the global economic downturn”.1 The Panel was further advised by the Prime Minister to “suggest a short-term policy package to restore macro-economic stability which is efficient and equitable”2. The Panel had less than six weeks to come up with its initial recommendations. The government was at the same time in deep negotiations with the IMF for a rescue package as the balance of payments situation became more precarious by The Interim Report of the Panel was to serve a two-fold purpose. First, to be drawn upon as required by the economic team headed by the Minister of Finance in their negotiations with the IMF. Second, to the extent the Panel supported the need for stabilisation measures, it would strengthen the government’s hand in building-up public support for stabilisation measures to be adopted. The Panel came up with its Interim Report in end-October 2008 and proposed adoption of, “stabilisation measures that preserve economic growth to the possible extent and specific steps that would protect the poor and vulnerable groups”. The Report was presented and discussed in a full extended Cabinet meeting presided over by the Prime Minister. At the same Cabinet meeting, the Finance Minister presented the main elements of the proposed IMF Stand-By Agreement. Both the Panel’s Interim Report and the draft IMF Agreement were adopted by the Cabinet. The latter was formally signed in November 2010 after approval by the IMF Board of Directors. The Interim Report of the Panel in this context must be viewed as an important indeed ‘historical’ report. For the first time the country’s leading economic experts, in an independent advisory role, had put together a ‘home-grown’ stabilisation package which was given serious consideration by the government and deliberated at the highest echelons i.e. by the Cabinet.3 [1]ibid Preface, p. (iii). [2]”The Panel was set-up by Mr Salman Faruqui, Deputy Chairman Planning Commission and included as members: Dr Hafiz A. Pasha, (Chairman), Dr Rashid Amjad (Convener), Dr Naved Hamid, Dr Aisha Ghaus Pasha, Dr Akmal Hussain, Dr Akhtar Hassan Khan, Dr Ijaz Nabi, Dr Naseer Ali Khan, Mr Riaz Riazuddin, Dr Rehana Siddiqui, Dr Ali Cheema, Dr Asad Sayeed, Prof. Muhammad Tousif Akhter, Mr Sakib Sherani and Dr Qazi Masood Ahmed. The following were co-opted as members: Dr Azam Chaudhry, Dr Ather Maqsood, Syed Kalim Hyder Bukhari, Mr Muhammad Sabir and Mr Savail Hussain. [3]The Panel also separately presented its report to the President of Pakistan before the Cabinet meeting. The Panel’s Interim Report was divided into two parts. Part I presented a short term stabilisation programme covering the next one and half years between 2008-10. Part II, dealing with growth recovery and development priorities, presented the main elements of a medium-term development strategy. Since the final report of the Panel (submitted much later) dealt in detail with the proposed development strategy, in this review we basically analyse Part I of the report i.e. the short-term stabilisation package covering: (i) macro framework; (ii) main policy measures proposed; (iii) expected economic impact on key macro economic variables.4 We then also conduct a brief ex-post evaluation based on actual economic outcomes. It should be said up front that the Panel saw the stabilisation programme as one which would basically be V-shaped in its economic impact. “The guiding principle is a short sharp reduction in growth in the short-term and a quick rebound back to a higher trend growth rate”.5 This scenario as it turned out proved to be more than optimistic though, in all fairness as 2009-10 drew to an end, there were signs of economic optimism as the economy responded favourably to the stabilisation measures adopted.

Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Daerah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Tahun 2013-2022

The study aims to test the impact of regional financial performance on economic growth in Sidoarjo District in 2013-2022. This research uses a quantitative approach with a type of descriptive research. The number of samples in this study is 34, which is obtained through the method of interpolation with reference to the APBD budget data of Sidoarjo district from the year 2013-2022. The study used a double linear regression analysis processed using SPSS 25 software. The data collection was carried out with a library study, with data sources coming from the Central Statistical Authority (BPS) and the Directorate-General for Financial Balances (DJPK) of the Ministry of Finance. The results of this study show that the significance value of the f test is 0.002, so it can be concluded that regional financial performance consisting of the PAD effectiveness ratio, APBD efficiency ratio, and independence ratio simultaneously has a significant effect on economic growth in Sidoarjo Regency. The significance of the t test results is that the PAD effectiveness ratio is 0.842 and the APBD efficiency ratio is 0.984, so that the PAD effectiveness ratio and APBD efficiency ratio have no effect on economic growth in Sidoarjo Regency. Meanwhile, the significance value of the independence ratio t test is 0.000, so the independence ratio has an effect on economic growth in Sidoarjo Regency.

Ways to optimize income tax and their impact on income budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the role and place of profit tax in the regional budgets revenues. Unlike other taxes, the profit tax provides for many methods of tax optimization, the use of which will reduce the tax burden on a taxpayer and at the same time reduce regional budgets tax revenues. The state recognizes and accepts tax optimization if it is based on the current tax legislation provisions. Tax optimization means a taxpayer’s activity aimed at reducing tax payments and leading to an increase in the financial result, including the use of all tax benefits, tax exemptions, and other legal advantages provided by the current legislation. The application of some optimization methods depends on a taxpayer themselves, and some other ones depend on the regional authorities, for example, investment tax deduction. The purpose of the study is to analyze the practice of profit tax optimization methods application and their impact on budget revenues and organizations income. Common research methods have been applied such as analysis and synthesis, generalization, grouping, tabular method, etc. The article is based on the official data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, and the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, which ensures the reliability of the data used in the study.

National concept for the development of integrated reporting in Russia

The growing attention of the state to the issues of national sovereignty in different areas has predetermined the urgency of considering the current state of affairs in the field of corporate reporting from this position. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for institutionalization of the concept of integrated reporting as the model of corporate reporting that best meets national interests. Based on a study of Russian and foreign practice of normative regulation of corporate reporting, as well as transformation processes to standardize reporting in the field of sustainable development that have occurred in the last few years on a global scale, the need to replace the Concept for the development of non-financial reporting with the national concept for the development of integrated reporting is substantiated. The author proposed to empower the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation with the function of a regulator in the field of integrated reporting, which will allow to develop a system of standards for the latter, interconnected with the federal accounting standards and aimed at providing a holistic view of an economic entity. The article identifies the main elements of the institutional environment necessary for the introduction of integrated reporting into management practice. The research was carried out using such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, abstraction. Its results may be of interest to national regulators of corporate reporting, the scientific and professional community, as well as economic entities interested in increasing transparency and accountability.