Minimum Wage Research Articles

Demographic and stomatological profiles of pacientes at the Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo

Epidemiological studies are essential, since through them it is possible to formulate a clinical profile, to determine the prevalence and incidence of lesions, as well as characterizing particularities specific to the environment where such tasks are performed. Objective: To perform an epidemiological survey of the main oral lesions diagnosed at the Stomatology Outpatient Clinic of the Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo ISNF/UFF, drawing a demographic and clinical profile. Material and methods: A retrospective and observational study, conducted with data collection in the medical records of patients treated at the stomatology service in 2018. The information collected were gender, skin color, age, locality, occupation, income, schooling, and oral injury. Results: Data were collected from 150 patients, 93 (62%) women, 79 (53%) white, aged between 2 and 94 years, mean age of 53 years, 124 (83%) from the downtown of Nova Friburgo, 32 (21%) retired, 30 (22%) received a minimum wage and 42 (28%) incomplete middle school. Regarding oral lesions, 38 (25%) patients had actinic cheilitis, 18 (12%) prosthetic stomatitis and 5 (3%) oral cancer. Conclusion: Middle-aged women sought the outpatient clinic more frequently, and some lesions, if diagnosed early, especially actinic cheilitis, may prevent oral cancer.

Analysis of Labor Absorption in Small and Medium Enterprises in East Java

Small and medium businesses in East Java as a mainstay sector in labor absorption tend to fluctuate. The problem in this research is how the number of business units, investment and minimum wages correlate with labor absorption in the small and medium enterprise sector in East Java Province. The aim of this research is to analyze the number of business units, investment and minimum wages on labor absorption in the small and medium business sector in East Java Province. The research results obtained by correlation testing the number of SMEs have a significant positive relationship to the labor absorption, investment has a significant positive relationship to the labor absorption and the minimum wage also has a significant positive relationship to the labor absorption. The results of this research indicate that SMEs managers should provide direct credit financing facilities. both bureaucratic and according to the interest rates given, so that government investment which tends to be more capital intensive can be absorbed by SMEs well as well as business training, books and the internet in searching for market information and business management methods so that their businesses can develop more effectively.

The Directive (EU) 2022/2041 on adequate minimum wages in the European Union: Much ado about nothing in Sweden?

The EU Directive 2022/2041 on adequate minimum wages has been welcomed by many stakeholders, but Sweden (together with Denmark), with its historically good track record regarding labour rights, is opposing it on both political and legal grounds. The Directive, the Swedish Government argues, will not fulfil its goals, and concerns, in any instance, matters that are excluded from the competence of the EU. This article describes and analyses the implementation measures in a system whose wage-setting mechanism – at least according to its own opinion – needs no support, and in which legal and political objections have been raised against the Directive.

Partisanship, Cross-Party Coalitions, and Social Policymaking in Brazil

Abstract Brazil is among the few countries where income distribution has become fairer in recent decades. Its Gini coefficient fell significantly in the 2000s while the left-wing Workers’ Party government approved key equity-enhancing reforms in Congress. By analyzing hundreds of news pieces, legislative documents, and secondary sources, I show the strategies that incumbents from the left adopted to build and manage cross-party coalitions that allowed structural changes to materialize. This research is the first systematic effort to detail how three consequential redistributive policies in the areas of conditional cash-transfer programs, education, and minimum wages found their way through a fragmented legislature where the chief executive’s party was minoritarian. Findings add nuance to social policymaking and reveal that partisanship-based approaches to how inequality declined in Latin America require deeper complexification. In the Brazilian case, leftist presidents improved redistribution by investing in multiparty cooperative arrangements while ideology got diluted in the process.

Economic freedom, the minimum wage, and food insecurity

AbstractEconomic freedom, a measure of the degree of freedom from government intervention in the economy, has been found to be associated with many positive economic outcomes, such as lower unemployment rates, and higher growth of income, employment, and population. One area that remains unexplored is the relationship with food insecurity. Areas with more government intervention may be expected to have higher food insecurity because those interventions can create greater impediments to people's ability to prosper economically. One specific example of that is the minimum wage, which may make it harder for inexperienced low‐skilled workers to obtain employment. We provide the first state‐level examination of the relationship between food insecurity and economic freedom and find higher values of economic freedom (lower levels of intervention) are associated with lower food insecurity. We also examine one specific component of that economic freedom measure, the minimum wage, and find some limited evidence that higher minimum wages are associated with higher food insecurity.

Food Culture: Identification of Typical Food and Dishes of a Municipality in the Northeast Region of Brazil

Objective: The aim was to map among the interviewed population of Lagarto/SE which savory and sweet typical foods and preparations are considered characteristic of the city. Theoretical Framework: The relationship between travel, cuisine, and culture highlights their economic potential by transforming gastronomy and tourism into strategic ventures. Emphasizing the preservation of gastronomic legacies as cultural expressions and the adaptation of dining spaces to reflect this perspective. Additionally, cultural tourism enriches visitors' experiences and promotes economic development. Therefore, regional cuisine is an essential element of daily life and a tourist attraction, connecting people and reflecting local culture. However, the influence of globalization and fast-food chains has impacted eating habits, raising concerns about health and the decline of communal dining. Method: Cross-sectional study, conducted qualitatively, involving the administration of a questionnaire with questions related to the population's profile and the municipality's food identity. The data were evaluated using Microsoft Excel, presenting absolute and relative values. Results and Discussion: There was a predominance of women (63.4%) and the dominant age group was 18 to 25 years old (27.2%). How much to marital status, there was a predominance of singles (45.5%). Regarding education, 29.5% had incomplete primary education and most of the interviewees received less than 1 minimum wage (44.1%). The typical food reported was cassava (39.2%), followed by jackfruit (15.4%). The salty preparation was maniçoba (27.4%), accompanied by rice with chicken (17%) and couscous (16.2%) and the sweet preparation, was milk sweet (33.7%), followed by rice sweet (11.4%). The research highlights the Lizard gastronomic culture, in a way that rescues, values and, above all, enhances this local cultural element so that it is not forgotten either by the residents or by its visitors. Research Implications: Generating scientific data from the Brazilian Northeast region to support discussions around the gastronomic approach. Therefore, it is necessary to invest in knowledge production about gastronomy linked to technical development. Originality/Value: It is justified by the need for scientific studies that contribute data on gastronomy and its relationship with tourism and culture in order to broaden the knowledge of Brazilian population's gastronomic practices, aiming to encourage and valorize them.

Elevating labor concerns in small-scale fisheries: challenges to decent work in Peru’s jumbo flying squid fishery

Despite growing attention on severe labor abuses in seafood production, questions remain about the broader range of challenges to decent work in the sector. Small-scale fisheries (SSFs) in particular have received relatively little attention from a labor-focused perspective. Motivated by this gap, this study elaborates a methodology to assess working conditions in SSFs across multiple dimensions of decent work, specifically through a case study of the artisanal jumbo squid fishery in Peru, a socially and economically important fishery in which working conditions are poorly understood. The findings highlight key decent work deficits in this fishery, including: inadequate coverage and lack of social protections; remuneration occasionally below the minimum wage; excessive working hours; increasingly longer trips in vessels that often lack adequate occupational safety and health features; informal employment relations and high turnover of crew, which are linked to safety issues (i.e., crew sometimes lack skills for this difficult work at sea); and fragmented fishing organizations with limited capacities for social dialogue. Many of the problems are rooted in or exacerbated by the broader governance context, especially widespread informality. The primary policy solutions being pursued are not labor-specific and are unlikely to address decent work deficits. Addressing these complex problems will require involving fishers—importantly, crew members—in efforts to drive improvements in the fishery and enhancing their capacities to lead in the development of solutions to the problems that affect them. More work is necessary to refine indicators and assess working conditions, but this work contributes towards advancing methodologies and highlighting the importance of studying labor in SSFs.

Effective Facilitation and Major Improvements through Revamping Wage Regulations in Indonesia

This study examines the role of the Sidoarjo Regency Manpower Office in determining the Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMK). Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation with key informants such as workers' unions, employers, and government officials. The findings reveal that the Manpower Office effectively facilitates wage determination by providing necessary infrastructure, forming wage councils, and aligning with central government regulations. However, improvements in infrastructure efficiency and the development of clearer, faster regulatory methods are needed. This research highlights the office's strengths and areas for enhancement in setting fair minimum wages. Highlights: Effective Facilitation: Provides infrastructure and forms wage councils for UMK determination. Regulatory Alignment: Complies with central government policies and living needs. Infrastructure Improvement: Enhances efficiency and develops faster, clearer regulations. Keywords: Sidoarjo Regency, Manpower Office, Minimum Wage, Labor Regulation, Qualitative Research

Sociodemographic Profile of Blood Donations and Ways to Encourage Them.

Maintaining blood stocks in Brazil faces challenges; hence, it is crucial to develop effective strategies to recruit and retain donors, such as campaigns and social marketing programs to raise awareness, but there is a lack of studies about the donators' profiles, as well as their barriers or incentives. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of donors and the factors that influence their decisions. This was a cross-sectional study carried out between April and November 2022 using a structured questionnaire sent through a community created on Facebook, addressing common people over 18 years old, containing closed questions, supported byGoogle Forms.Statistical analyses were carried out usingIBMSPSSStatistics for Windows, Version 17 (Released 2008; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) and the Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, with p < 0.05. The sample relied on 1019 participants, women (72.8%), age group > 30 years (81.1%), the most represented blood type was O positive (37.5%), and men donated more frequently than women (76.5% vs. 40.6%). The main reasons for not donating are medical conditions (39.7%) and lack of time (33.8%). The main reasons for donating are helping voluntarily (97.6%) and donating to family/friends (96.4%). There was a significant difference between the genders of blood donors, with more men donating, especially those over 30 years old, and with income between 1-8 minimum wages. The main barriers to donating are lackof time and information. Based on this, it is possible to target campaigns at women, young people, and people with income above nine minimum wages. The main reasons for donating are altruism, obtaining test results, and financial benefits.

Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pendidikan dan Upah Minimum Provinsi Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Di Indonesia

This research aims to determine the influence of economic growth, education, and minimum wages on community welfare. It uses secondary data for 2018 – 2022 from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Data analysis uses quantitative panel data regression. The research results show that economic growth and the provincial minimum wage significantly influence community welfare, while education has an insignificant effect.

Tenacity Besides Depletion: Pandemics, Protests, and Workers from the Sri Lankan Apparel Sector

AbstractSri Lankan apparel has conventionally crafted itself as a niche and ethical supplier. Staying with this record, shifting to PPE (personal protective equipment) production, a tripartite agreement on minimum wages and a furlough scheme were key successes during the pandemic. However, the recurrent absence of living wages resulted in varied worker experiences. I use written testimonies from women garment workers to raise pivotal questions on how the lives of workers started to deplete during the pandemic and yet it did not prevent women workers from claiming differently—underlining slivers of hope, where depletion and tenacity are constant bedfellows. The pandemic was when Sri Lankan apparel's dis/articulation within global production processes came about. Contributing to feminist political economy readings of global production processes, I illustrate how depletion and tenacity are no binaries; acknowledging these spaces of hope offers the potential for agentive action.

Analysis of the Role of the Kendal Regency Manpower and Industry Service in Protecting Workers' Wage Rights in Accordance with Kendal Regency Regulation Number 101 of 2021: A Qualitative Study

Kendal is located on a strategic route between Semarang and Surabaya, the two largest metropolitan cities in Central Java. Kendal has a large working age population and is relatively cheap compared to other areas in Central Java. The district minimum wage (UMK) in Kendal is low compared to other areas in Central Java. Disnakerind has an important role in enforcing regulations and protecting workers' rights. This research aims to analyze the role of the Kendal Regency Manpower and Industry Service (Disnakerind) in protecting workers' wage rights in accordance with Kendal Regency Regulation Number 101 of 2021. This research is important to carry out because wages are a fundamental right of workers which is protected by regional laws and regulations. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews with key informants at the Kendal Regency Manpower and Industry Office, workers and entrepreneurs in Kendal Regency. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The research results show that the Kendal Regency Manpower Office has an important role in protecting workers' wage rights in accordance with Kendal Regency Regulation Number 101 of 2021. This role is carried out through various activities: Socialization of regulations: Kendal Regency Manpower Office carries out socialization of regulations regarding district minimum wages (UMK) and rights. other labor rights to workers and employers; Wage inspection: Kendal Regency Manpower and Industry Office carries out wage inspections in companies to ensure that employers pay wages to workers in accordance with the UMK and other laws and regulations; Handling complaints: Kendal Regency Manpower and Industry Office receives and handles complaints from workers who feel their wage rights have been violated by employers; Worker empowerment: Kendal Regency Manpower and Industry Office provides training and assistance to workers about their rights, including wage rights. In conclusion, the Kendal Regency Manpower Office has an important role in protecting workers' wage rights in accordance with Kendal Regency Regulation Number 101 of 2021. However, there are still several challenges that the Kendal Regency Manpower Office needs to overcome so that it can carry out its role optimally.

Is Thailand Attractive to Japanese Companies?

This study examines the relationship between the business sentiment of Japanese companies regarding promising or potential countries for investment and macroeconomic statistics, such as economic or population growth in Thailand, using data from the Survey Report on Overseas Business Operations by Japanese Manufacturing Companies from 1992 to 2022. Although investing in Thailand has been popular among Japanese companies since the late 1980s, it has seemingly become relatively inactive in recent years. The present study’s results are summarized as follows: First, the business sentiment of Japanese companies has some relationships with relatively short-term economic growth and the business cycle in the short run. Second, business sentiment depends on long-term trends, and this stance may have changed after 2020. Third, other elements, such as minimum wage or fewer young people, do not necessarily have a relationship with business sentiment. Although more studies including capital accumulation or the global value chain should be conducted, improving the sentiments of Japanese businesspersons is desirable.

Determinan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Pulau Sumatera dan Pulau Jawa

Labor absorption is the opening up of greater employment opportunities to provide more job opportunities for the working age population. Job opportunities that are already filled can be seen in the number of people who are already working. The aim of this research is to look at the influence of the Provincial Minimum Wage, Labor Productivity, and Gross Fixed Capital Formation on Labor Absorption on the Islands of Sumatra and Java. Secondary data used in this research comes from the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Manpower. The method used in this research is the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method and uses panel data with 80 studies with a research period of 2018-2022. The results of the research show that the Provincial Minimum Wage and PMTB have a positive and significant influence on labor absorption on the islands of Sumatra and Java. Meanwhile, labor productivity has a negative and significant influence on labor absorption on the islands of Sumatra and Java.

How Can China Overcome the Middle-income Trap?

China has experienced rapid economic development in the past few years and has become an upper-middle-income country. Becoming a high-income country is a difficult process. All middle-income countries should avoid falling into or overcome the middle-income trap. However, China inevitably fell into the middle-income trap. This work focuses on the methods of overcoming the middle-income trap in China. This work compares China and other countries that are facing or faced the same problem that China has met. Then, see if China can emulate other countries solutions. The conclusion drawn from the work is that China needs to implement policies to overcome the middle-income trap, like enhanced technology introduction and financial support for emerging technology industries, increasing the minimum wage, etc. This work points out and analyzes some of the problems facing China today and lists some practical solutions or policies that could be feasible to help China become a high-income country.

Madam Yellen is right about minimum wage policies: evidence from millions of sole proprietors

During her nomination hearing, Janet Yellen defended the benefits of a higher minimum wage (Question 66 and follow-up). This study analyzes the impact of minimum wage policies on the profitability of sole proprietors by using a dataset of 430 million reported net incomes with the IRS from 2004 to 2018. Three methods are used to examine the relationship between minimum wage increases and net income for sole proprietors: A panel regression framework that includes all counties, comparing contiguous border county-pairs, and a difference-in-differences approach. We find that minimum wage hikes are associated with a higher net income for sole proprietors, with estimated elasticity between 0.15 and 0.2.

How Much Should Nikolas Jokic Get Paid?

This paper talks about NBA player’s salary taking into consideration of multiple factors such as points per game (PPG), rebounds per game (RPG), assists per game (APG), steals per game (SPG), blocks per game (BPG), turnovers per game (TPG), box plus-minus (BPM), minutes per game (MPG), players’ age, games played (season), and their positions on the court. Along with restrictions of salary cap, this paper finds out players are underpaid; The study result could be applied to players who are subject to the minimum salaries, as the salary prediction logic is the same as for players who are subject to the maximum salaries.

Minimum Wage Policy and Poverty in Indonesia

Abstract This paper investigates whether minimum wage policy played any significant role in poverty reduction in Java Island, Indonesia, between 2002 and 2014. Its identification strategy exploits variation in minimum wages over time within pairs of geographically proximate districts. The study finds that the minimum wage has a distributional impact on wage workers just below the 20th percentile up to those in the middle of the wage distribution, with no overall loss of employment. However, the minimum wage policy has no distributional impact on per capita household expenditure, and a limited effect on changes in poverty status.

Epidemiological and clinical profile of HTLV-1 patients: a closer look at a reference center in Bahia, Brazil.

The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) affects over 5 million people worldwide and is endemic in Brazil. Though HTLV-1 is a notifiable disease, the last epidemiological report regarding HTLV-1 infection covered the period from 2012 to 2019. To understand the specific challenges and to develop the best strategies for controlling HTLV-1 infection, it is important to know the characteristics of each region providing care to people living with this virus. This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated patients treated at the HTLV reference center in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil, between July 2021 and August 2022. The data were obtained through the analysis of medical records and routine clinical consultations. A total of 67 patients were evaluated, with 79.1% being female, 79.1% identifying as black, indigenous, and people of color, 37.31% being married, 80.6% identifying as heterosexual, and 59.7% reporting inconsistent condom use. Additionally, 37.3% of the patients were diagnosed with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), a chronic disease with a considerable effect on the quality of life. Furthermore, 53.7% of the patients had incomplete/complete elementary education, and 52.2% had an income of up to one minimum wage. The data highlight the necessity for more specific public policies (such as health education strategies, aimed at reducing the number of new infections) targeting the described at-risk population.

Beyond minimum wage: Broader employment policies can significantly affect food insecurity.

Although many have investigated the impacts of minimum wage on a broad array of health outcomes, innovative policies surrounding broader employment policies have largely not been studied. To that end, this paper contributes in three ways. First, it discusses the rise in precarious employment. Then, it turns to the current federal framework of employment policies, namely minimum wage. Finally, it explores what a broader definition of employment policies could include and how future studies could use state, county, and municipal policymaking in this space to investigate ways in which they might contribute to reducing food insecurity and in turn, improve health outcomes.