Minimum Quota Research Articles

What’s the matter in phytoplankton? Highlighting the importance of stoichiometric traits in lake ecosystem models

IntroductionAccurate models of lake primary production are crucial for understanding ecosystem function and predicting ecosystem responses to global change. However, current research in lake ecosystem modeling has emphasized environmental characteristics while less work has considered phytoplankton stoichiometric traits. Importantly, these traits link resource availability to primary production via organismal metabolism and thus are critical to predicting ecosystem function.MethodsHere, we use an existing database of phytoplankton traits and lake ecosystem models to demonstrate that phytoplankton minimum quotas for nitrogen and phosphorus significantly influence predictions of lake gross primary production. Additionally, we compare how different parameterizations of phytoplankton stoichiometry affect modeled gross primary production. Finally, we evaluate the ability of the models to capture observed patterns in gross primary production and seston stoichiometry for lakes in the Northern Hemisphere.Results and discussionWe argue that parameterization and calibration of phytoplankton stoichiometric traits will improve lake ecosystem models and are critical for obtaining better estimates of lake primary production.

Analisis Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Representasi Politik Perempuan di Indonesia

This research highlights the importance of women's representation in the legislature as an indicator of the quality of democracy in Indonesia. Although regulations set a minimum quota of 30% women's representation, the realization is still low with a projection of only 22.1% of women elected in the 2024 DPR. The open proportional electoral system provides opportunities but also presents challenges, such as money politics and patriarchal culture. Internal factors such as lack of confidence and double burden, as well as external factors such as political violence and lack of support from parties, hinder women in politics. To increase this representation, strategies such as gender mainstreaming in political communication, effective affirmative action, and inclusive political education are needed. These efforts aim to create a more inclusive and gender-equal parliament, supporting women's role in public policy-making.

Increasing supply chain resiliency through equilibrium pricing and stipulating transportation quota regulation

Supply chain disruption can occur for a variety of reasons, including natural disasters or market dynamics for which resilient strategies should be designed. If the disruption is profound and has dire consequences for the economy, it calls for the regulator’s intervention to minimize the impact for the betterment of the society. This paper investigates the minimum quota regulation on transport amounts of a shipping company with limited capacity that transports a group of products with heterogeneous transportation and production costs and prices. An interesting example can be found in the North American rail transportation market, where rail capacity is used for a variety of products and commodities, such as oil and grains. Similarly, in Europe, the supply chain for grain produced in Ukraine is disrupted by the Ukraine war and the blockade of the maritime transport routes. This siege puts pressure on the rail transport capacity of Ukraine and its neighboring countries to the west, which needs to be shared to ship a variety of products, including grains, military, and humanitarian supplies. Such situations require the proper execution of government intervention for effective management of limited transport capacity to avoid rippling effects throughout the economy. We propose mathematical models and solutions for market players and the government in a Canadian case study. Subsequently, the conditions that justify government intervention are identified, and an algorithm is presented to obtain the optimum minimum quotas.

A critical trade-off between nitrogen quota and growth allows Coccolithus braarudii life cycle phases to exploit varying environment

Abstract. Coccolithophores have a distinct haplo-diplontic life cycle, which allows them to grow and divide into two different life cycle phases (haploid and diploid). These life cycle phases vary significantly in inorganic carbon content and morphology and inhabit distinct niches, with haploids generally preferring low-nitrogen and high-temperature and high-light environments in situ. This niche contrast indicates different physiology of the life cycle phases, which is considered here in the context of a trait trade-off framework, in which a particular set of traits comes with both costs and benefits. However, coccolithophore's phase trade-offs are not fully identified, limiting our understanding of the functionality of the coccolithophore life cycle. Here, we investigate the response of the two life cycle phases of the coccolithophore Coccolithus braarudii to key environmental drivers: light, temperature, and nitrogen, using laboratory experiments. With these data, we identify the main trade-offs of each life cycle phase and use models to test the role of such trade-offs under different environmental conditions. The lab experiments show the life cycle phases have similar cell size, minimum nitrogen quotas, uptake rates, and temperature and light optima. However, we find that they have different coccosphere sizes, maximum growth rates, and maximum nitrogen quotas. We also observe a trade-off between maximum growth rate and maximum nitrogen quota, with higher growth rates and low maximum nitrogen quotas in the haploid phase and vice versa in the diploid phase. Testing these phase characteristics in a numerical chemostat model, we find that the growth–quota trade-off allows C. braarudii to exploit variable nitrogen conditions more efficiently. Because the diploid ability to store more nitrogen is advantageous when the nitrogen supply is intermittent, the higher haploid growth rate is advantageous when the nitrogen supply is constant. Although the ecological drivers of C. braarudii life cycle fitness are likely multi-faceted, spanning both top-down and bottom-up trait trade-offs, our results suggest that a trade-off between nitrogen storage and maximum growth rate is an essential bottom-up control on the distribution of C. braarudii life cycle phases.

Recommendations for the specialist further training of nursing personnel on intensive care units in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms: results of a modified Delphi procedure with experts

The medical development in the previous 15 years and the changes in treatment reality of the comprehensive elective treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms necessitate a re-evaluation of the quality assurance guidelines of the Federal Joint Committee in Germany (QBAA-RL). In the current version this requires a specialist further training quota for nursing personnel in intensive care wards of 50%. The quota was determined in 2008 based on expert opinions, although a direct empirical evidence base for this does not exist. Representatives from the fields of patient representation, physicians, nursing personnel and other relevant interface areas were invited to participate in a modified Delphi procedure. Following a comprehensive narrative literature search, a survey and focus group discussions with national and international experts, a total of three anonymized online-based voting rounds were carried out for which previously determined key statements were assessed with a 4‑point Likert scale (totally disagree up to totally agree). In addition, the expert panel had also defined a recommendation for a minimum quota for the specialist training of nursing personnel on intensive care wards in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms, whereby an a priori agreement of 80% of the participants was defined as the consensus limit. Overall, 37 experts participated in the discussions and three successive voting rounds (participation rate 89%). The panel confirmed the necessity of a re-evaluation of the guideline recommendations and recommended the introduction of a shift-related minimum quota of 30% of the full-time equivalent of nursing personnel on intensive care wards and the introduction of structured promotional programs for long-term elevation of the quota. In this national Delphi procedure with medical and nursing experts as well as representatives of patients, the fundamental benefits and needs of professional specialist qualifications in the field of intensive care medicine were confirmed. The corresponding minimum quota for specialist further training of intensive care nursing personnel should generally apply without limitations to specific groups. The expert panel stipulates a shift-related minimum quota for intensive care nursing personnel with specialist training of 30% of the nursing personnel on intensive care wards and the obligatory introduction of structured and transparent promotion programs for the long-term enhancement.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 30% KUOTA DALAM KETERWAKILAN PEREMPUAN DI DPRD KOTA TASIKMALAYA TAHUN 2019

This reserach aims to analyze how the 30% women’s affirmative action policy impact women’s representation in the Tasikmalaya City DPRD and explain the factors that hinder the 30% women’s representation policy in the 2019 legislative elections. This research is motivated by the case of the decline in women’s representation in 2019, namely only reached 6.7 %. With this relatively small number, it is a concern for the Tasikmalaya city government to make more efforts regarding the empowerment of women in thei participation in the political field, especiallyin legislative institutions. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out using literature study techniques and field studies through observation and interviews. The data source comes from 4 party management members consisting of the Golkar, Gerindra, PDI Perjuangan, and PPP parties, then 2 of them and the KPUD commisioner and a female member of the DPRD council. The results of this research show that the affirmative action policy with a minimum quota of 30% of women in the legislative election nomination stagehas been fulfilled by political parties. This can be seen from the placement of women’s representation in each electoral district in Tasikmalaya city. However, this fulfillment has not yet had a significant impact on increasing women’s representation in Tasikmalaya City DPRD seats, this is caused by several factors that occur, including economic limitations, social contruction, and also party networking. Political is still not optimal for increasing women representation.

Gender Gap in academic medicine: a narrative review and the Italian forensic context.

Gender gap is a neologism that identifies the disparity between social and professional conditions experienced by females compared to males. The disparity increases as one ascends the academic hierarchy. In recent years, the debate has expanded, and more options have been planned for the elimination of the current gender gap. This research was conducted by examining the landscape of the gender gap, particularly in the academic forensic medicine field. Our analysis involved reviewing papers published between 2006 and 2024, identified through electronic database searches (PubMed). The search terms used were: "gender gap" AND "academic" AND "medicine" AND "leadership." In total, we analyzed 85 papers. Additionally, we examined data from forensic medicine residency programs. The representation of women in medicine is well-known. Despite the increasing number of women in leadership positions in medicine, they still lag significantly behind men. These data highlight a situation that could be seen as grounds for an accusation of "academic abuse". In the Italian forensic residency programs, less than 20% are led by women, and among these, not all hold the rank of full professor. Although a certain rebalancing is already underway, the gap is still significant. There are already regulations obliging local authorities to promote gender equality in councils, companies, and institutions under their jurisdiction. It would be desirable to consider minimum quotas for female participation in university competitions. This would be a first step toward eliminating the gender gap in academic and forensic medical fields.

Phytoplankton Dynamics and Biogeochemistry: Model Studies

The seasonal dynamics of the NE Black Sea phytoplankton follow the following pattern: small diatoms (spring) → coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (late spring–early summer) → large diatoms (summer). Our hypothesis states that nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations regulate the seasonal phytoplankton dynamics. A minimum number of parameters is enough to understand the mechanisms of dominant species change. Based on the concept of intracellular regulation, the following parameters were evaluated: the minimum nitrogen and phosphorus quotas; half-saturation constants for nitrogen and phosphorus uptake; the maximum specific growth rate of the dominant phytoplankton species. Computational experiments on the model show the following: (1) in spring, a species with a high maximum specific growth rate becomes dominant; (2) in late spring and early summer, a species with a low minimum nitrogen quota and a low half-saturation constant for nitrogen uptake is observed; (3) in summer, a low minimum phosphorus quota and a low half-saturation constant for phosphorus uptake allow the species to become dominant.

Book-And-Claim System For Sustainable Aviation Fuels

This Article provides an overview of the regulatory (legal) framework in which the decarbonisation of aviation is embedded, with a focus on European law. The Article further provides updates on EU-ETS, CORISA, RED III and the minimum quota of SAF supply in accordance with Refuel EU Aviation up to October 2023. Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) will be described in detail in this Article, and it is further explained that the use of SAF could significantly contribute to aviation becoming “greener”. As the availability of SAF is still rather scarce, the Article revolves around a mechanism of a global book-and-claim system to unify and scale up production and use. The general concept of book-and-claim as well as the specific one in relation to SAF is explained in the Article. Further, examples of existing book-and-claim systems are given, and the Article concludes with the benefits of a European book-and-claim system for SAF for the various stakeholders in the aviation industry.

Political Marketing Communication Strategy to be Elected as a Member of The Indonesia’s Parliament

The involvement of women in efforts to meet the minimum representation quota of 30% in the legislature is not easy. An appropriate strategy is needed to win seats in the legislature, including implementing a political marketing communication strategy. Political marketing is commonly used in economic or entrepreneurial concepts for political elements. This study aims to determine Hetifah Sjaifudian’s Political Marketing Communication Strategy to be elected as a member of the Republic of Indonesia Parliament for 2019-2024. The research paradigm is constructivist with a qualitative approach and a case study research method. This study uses the political marketing communication theory put forward by Lees-Marshment. In a Product Oriented Party (POP), the leader carries out political planning activities and expects support from members and the public. The Sales Oriented Party (SOP) approach focuses on the communication strategy adopted by a party in persuading voters and the public to choose and want things offered by that party. The Market Oriented Party (MOP) approach focuses on public priorities collected from various data collection methods such as surveys, focus group discussions, consultations, meetings, interviews, gatherings, and internal discussions. The results of the research show that of the nine stages, the market research, communication, and campaign stages were important stages in winning Hetifah Sjaifudian.

Evaluation of the Zipper System in Efforts to Increase Women’s Representation to 30 Percent in Parliament

The low representation of women in parliament is a global problem, especially in Indonesia. The status quo shows that the role and representation of women in parliament is still very low, which has implications for legislation products that are not inclusive. Women are vital in legislation, especially in micro-policy aspirations related to welfare, education, equality, and household issues. The affirmation policy with a minimum female candidacy quota of 30 percent in Indonesia is implemented through the zipper system. However, unfortunately, it is still ineffective because women's representation is still very low. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to analyze the inequality of women's representation in the Indonesian parliament. The data used secondary data, which has been collected and processed by other parties. The result of this study is an evaluation of the zipper system, which is still ineffective because it depends on the placement of candidate sequence numbers and political party awareness. The placement of women in number 1 is only 19 percent, while in number three, it reaches 67 percent, and in number 6, 65 percent. It has a big impact on the probability of low electability. With women's representation, women's voices can be heard and fought for in government, thus realizing an equal and inclusive government. Revamping the zipper system by requiring the placement of female candidates at number 1 is an effective solution to increase women's representation in parliament in line with descriptive representation theory, which emphasizes the importance of proportional representation from various groups of society in government.

The board gender composition and cost of debt: Empirical evidence from Jordan

AbstractThe present research aims to examine the influences of board gender composition on debt costs and its significance to Jordanian creditors: mainly banks, using agency and resource dependence theories. A sample of 113 non‐financial Jordanian firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from 2010 to 2019 was utilised to explore the impact of board gender on the cost of debt financing through panel regression analysis. To tackle endogeneity concerns, we employ a two‐step system generalised method of moments estimator. The findings discovered that more female directors on firm boards generated economic benefits for non‐financial sectors, which achieved an average 0.75% cut‐off interest rate incurred by lenders compared to the counterparts with fewer female directors. Our findings are still robust to endogeneity concerns. The findings offered valuable insights for academics, shareholders, firms, and regulators. Shareholders are required to provide more pressure on firms to enhance gender equality. Firms should adjust board gender composition via the inclusion of more female directors while regulators should develop guidelines, such as a minimum female quota in promoting more females to the board. The finding generalisability is limited to developing markets with similar settings. This study bridged a vital gap in the governance literature on the nexus between board gender composition and debt costs in Jordanian contexts where no minimum gender quota exists.

Challenges and Political Communication Strategies to Win Elections: Ethnographic Studies on Women DPD RI Members

Women's political participation faces various societal challenges, such as patriarchal culture and the politicians' internal challenges. Even though there is a minimum quota of 30% women's representation, many regions cannot meet this quota. The members of Indonesian senates (after this referred to as DPD RI) from South Sumatra Province are an exception. All four members are women. Therefore, there is an opportunity to design women's political communication to win elections from the examples provided by DPD RI South Sumatra Province members. This research aims to understand the challenges women politicians face, design women's political communication strategies to win elections and formulate women's political communication models in winning the election for DPD RI members. The research method was conducted through interviews with women DPD RI members who won elections in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Researchers investigated the challenges faced by these winners and how they were able to overcome them. The challenges found included physical challenges, external challenges from the community, and internal challenges from DPD RI members. At the same time, the strategies used were the target, symbol, communication, and media strategies. This research identifies many political communication strategies that broaden the theoretical framework. Included in the strategies proposed are symbolic interaction-based communication and stereotype-based strategies. Both types of planning increase political confidence and voting decisions if adequately implemented, accompanied by steps to overcome the obstacles that impede women's political participation.

A planner-optimal matching mechanism and its incentive compatibility in a restricted domain

In many random assignment problems, the central planner pursues their own policy objective, such as matching size and minimum quota fulfillment. Several practically important policy objectives do not align with agents' preferences and are known to be incompatible with strategy-proofness. This paper demonstrates that such policy objectives can be attained using mechanisms that satisfy Bayesian incentive compatibility within a restricted domain of von Neumann Morgenstern utilities. We establish that a mechanism satisfies Bayesian incentive compatibility in an inverse-bounded-indifference domain if and only if the mechanism satisfies the three axioms of swap monotonicity, lower invariance, and interior upper variance. We apply this axiomatic characterization to analyze the incentive property of the constrained random serial dictatorship mechanism (CRSD). CRSD is designed to generate an individually rational assignment that optimizes the central planner's policy objective function. Since CRSD satisfies these axioms, it is Bayesian incentive compatible within an IBI domain.

Dynamical Simulation, Sensitivity, and Productivity Analysis of a Light-Photoacclimation Model for Microalgae-Based Carbohydrate Production in Continuous Photobioreactors

The world’s human population is increasing as is the demand for new sustainable sources of energy. Accordingly, microalgae-based carbohydrates for biofuel production are being considered as an alternative source of raw materials for producing biofuels. Microalgae grow in photobioreactors under constantly changing conditions. Models improve our understanding of microalgae growth. In this paper, a photoacclimated model for continuous microalgae cultures in photobioreactors was used to study the time-varying behavior and sensitivity of solutions under optimal productivity conditions. From the perspective of dynamic simulation in this work, light intensity was found to play an influential role in modifying metabolic pathways as a cell stressor. Enhancing carbohydrate productivity by combining nutritional deficiency and light intensity regulation modeling strategies could be helpful to optimize the process for the highest yield in large-scale cultivation systems. Under the proposed simulation conditions, a maximum carbohydrate productivity of 48.11 gCm−3d−1 was achieved using an optimal dilution rate of 0.2625 d−1 and 350 μmolm−2s−1 of light intensity. However, it is important to note that, a particular set of manipulated inputs can generate multiple outputs at a steady state. A numerical solution of the sensitivity functions indicated that the model outputs were especially sensitive to changes in parameters corresponding to a minimum nitrogen quota, maximum nitrogen intake rate, dilution rate, and maximum nitrogen quota compared to to other model parameters.

Acclimation by diverse phytoplankton species determines oceanic carbon to nitrogen ratios

AbstractThe carbon to nitrogen (CN) ratio of phytoplankton connects the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the ocean. Any variation in this ratio under climate change will alter the amount of carbon fixed by photosynthesis, and ultimately the amount sequestered in the ocean. However, a consistent mechanistic explanation remains lacking for observed species‐specific variations in phytoplankton CN ratios. We show that acclimation to ambient environmental conditions explains the observed variation of phytoplankton CN ratios by incorporating phytoplankton acclimation theory based on a resource allocation trade‐off between carbon vs. nitrogen acquisition capacity into a three‐dimensional marine ecosystem model. Inter‐specific differences in CN ratio and its sensitivity are caused by inter‐specific differences in Droop's minimum nitrogen cell quota. Our model, constrained by observed phytoplankton parameters, shows that the global mean phytoplankton CN ratio is greater than the canonical Redfield ratio, as suggested previously based on regional in situ observations.

Can Board Diversity Promote Dividend Policy? Seeking The Role of Profitability

This study investigates the effect of the board of directors (BOD) diversity on dividend policy and how the implications of profitability are treated as moderation. Dividend policy and BOD characteristics have been studied extensively; however, the profitability role being moderating variable and BOD diversity are challenging. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is one of the first to examine profitability as moderation. BOD diversity includes gender, age, education level, accounting expertise, and nationality. The research period spanned 2017-2020, where the number of samples was 370 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, resulting in 1,480 data. The regression model used is panel data. Overall, BOD gender, education level, and nationality are homogeneous, where female directors, directors with master's education, and foreign directors have a small proportion. As a result, they have no significant effect in promoting dividends. In addition, profitability cannot influence the relationship between board gender and board nationality on dividends. Nevertheless, profitability moderates the relationship between board nationality and dividend policy to a significant negative. Further, board age and accounting expertise positively and significantly affect dividend policy, and the results are identical when moderated by profitability. The proportion of board expertise expressed is heterogeneous, and the board age of 52 years is categorized as old, while they mitigate agency conflict. Thus, companies are required to maintain these proportions. However, companies must remedy the recruitment system to accommodate more female directors, directors with higher education at the master's level, and foreign directors. The government must also refer to regulations in developed and developing countries that establish a minimum quota for the presence of female directors.

Economic Improvement of Artisanal Fishing by Studying the Survival of Discarded Plectorhinchus mediterraneus.

Europe calls for the end to fisheries discards, which means bringing all caught fish (subject to minimum sizes or quotas) to land. This decision is beneficial to the ecosystem, since it forces the selectivity of the fishing gears to improve. However, artisanal fishermen find themselves in a vulnerable situation where their subsistence depends on catches with small profit margins. An exemption to this landing obligation exists, as it is also ruled that those animals whose survival is scientifically guaranteed may be returned to the sea. Here we study the survival of Plectorhinchus mediterraneus captured by hookline and gillnet, as well as their physiological recovery. Survival exceeds 93% in both cases. The physiological assessment of primary (cortisol) and secondary (energy mobilization, acid-base and hydromineral balance, and immune system) stress responses indicates that surviving animals are able to recover after fishing. Thus, we propose the optimal size of capture of this species to achieve greater economic benefit. For this, we rely on the prices according to size in recent years, as well as on the growth curves of the species. In this way, by releasing fish of less than 1 kg, the current benefits could be multiplied between 2.3 and 9.6 times. This pilot study lays the groundwork for regulating artisanal fisheries through scientific data related to survival of discards along with information on the sale prices.

Do women board members affect dividend policy and cash holdings? Evidence from ASEAN emerging economies

Purpose This study aims to examine the influence of board gender diversity on dividend policy and cash holdings in several emerging economies. This study also investigates the nonlinear impact of women on dividend policy and cash holdings and the differences between countries with one- and two-tier board systems. Design/methodology/approach The sample includes 103 firms listed in the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. The data represent all industries except the financial industry. The sample period is the 10 financial years from 2010 to 2019. This study analyzed unbalanced panel data with fixed effect specifications for baseline model analysis. Findings This study finds robust evidence indicating that women’s presence negatively influences dividends and positively influences cash holdings. The findings in the additional analysis are significant and show a nonlinear relationship, supporting the substitution hypothesis. Practical implications The findings of this paper certainly provided a valuable contribution as a useful empirical guide for policy decision-makers in developing countries, regulators and corporate decision-makers related to board gender diversity. Developed countries have implemented a minimum quota of women boards in the composition of the board of directors. However, there are still few developing countries that implement these policies. Women can reflect or show their values in corporate governance, such as being careful in making decisions and being conservative about risk. These guides policymakers in implementing a minimum quota of women in the composition of the board of directors. Originality/value This study contributes to the debate on the impact of gender diversity on dividends and cash holdings, especially in ASEAN emerging economies because there is a notable empirical gap relative to developed countries. Moreover, this study contributes to the necessary nuanced understanding of the substitution hypothesis in emerging economies. The results also support the explanation of critical mass theory to account for the nonlinear relationship between the number of women board members and dividends and cash holdings.

Examination of the effects of toxicity and nutrition on a two-prey one-predator system with a metabolomics-inspired model

Mercury (Hg) sequestration by phytoplankton results in intracellular concentrations that are multiple times greater than ambient water levels, and therefore the consumption of contaminated phytoplankton by herbivorous zooplankton, such as Daphnia, and their inefficient excretion of methylmercury (MeHg) can mediate the transfer to higher trophic levels. Employing a modified version of a metabolomics-inspired Daphnia ecophysiological model, the present study introduces two prey species to a simple Lotka-Volterra predator-prey system in order to shed light on the implications for the integrity of zooplankton assemblages, when experiencing multiple prey items of different toxicity and nutritional quality. We also examine the capacity of adaptive strategies of the predator (homeostatic rigidity, energetic investments to cope with toxicity) to shape predator-prey interactions. Our analysis suggests that the degree of nutritional quality of the prey items is a predominant driver of the predator-prey relationships, shifting from prey- to predator-dominated food webs with increasing nutritional quality. Increasing prey nutritional content leads to the emergence of oscillatory behaviour, which can be further modulated by the growth rates and degree of toxicity of different prey species. Severe exposure to contamination could lead to a decline of the predator biomass with faster growth rates of low nutritional quality prey, even though the increase of its MeHg somatic quota is only modest. In stark contrast, when a prey assemblage of superior nutritional quality prevails in an environment of elevated toxicity, faster prey growth rates are conducive to higher predator biomass levels, albeit its distinctly higher internal contaminant content. Owing to the heightened somatic growth dilution, the ingestion of carbon and nutritional metabolites is significantly higher relative to the MeHg intake rates, which leads to faster net growth of the predator and thus reinforces the benefits brought about by the nutritional value of their diet. Our results suggest that the homeostatic rigidity of the predator can assist in coping with toxic exposure. With a tighter range between the minimum and optimum somatic quotas, the predator population appears to be more resilient and its decline begins at higher levels of MeHg exposure. The predator-prey system displays a greater propensity for oscillatory behaviour, with their amplitude being driven by the interplay between the degree of saturation for nutritionally beneficial metabolites, and the energetic investments allotted to cope with toxicity and/or the excretion of excess metabolic by-products. We conclude by highlighting the prospect of our modelling work to guide new directions of research, to test a multitude of hypotheses pertaining to various ecophysiological facets of predator-prey systems, and extend its use to other contexts, such as the implications of toxin-producing algae for the predator physiology.