Minimization Method Research Articles

Site-specific therapy guided by a 90-gene expression assay versus empirical chemotherapy in patients with cancer of unknown primary (Fudan CUP-001): a randomised controlled trial

Empirical chemotherapy remains the standard of care in patients with unfavourable cancer of unknown primary (CUP). Gene-expression profiling assays have been developed to identify the tissue of origin in patients with CUP; however, their clinical benefit has not yet been demonstrated. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of site-specific therapy directed by a 90-gene expression assay compared with empirical chemotherapy in patients with CUP. This randomised controlled trial was conducted at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (Shanghai, China). We enrolled patients aged 18-75 years, with previously untreated CUP (histologically confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, or poorly differentiated neoplasms) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2, who were not amenable to local radical treatment. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) by the Pocock and Simon minimisation method to receive either site-specific therapy or empirical chemotherapy (taxane [175 mg/m2 by intravenous infusion on day 1] plus platinum [cisplatin 75 mg/m2 or carboplatin area under the curve 5 by intravenous infusion on day 1], or gemcitabine [1000 mg/m2 by intravenous infusion on days 1 and 8] plus platinum [same as above]). The minimisation factors were ECOG performance status and the extent of the disease. Clinicians and patients were not masked to interventions. The tumour origin in the site-specific therapy group was predicted by the 90-gene expression assay and treatments were administered accordingly. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. The trial has been completed and the analysis is final. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03278600). Between Sept 18, 2017, and March 18, 2021, 182 patients (105 [58%] male, 77 [42%] female) were randomly assigned to receive site-specific therapy (n=91) or empirical chemotherapy (n=91). The five most commonly predicted tissues of origin in the site-specific therapy group were gastro-oesophagus (14 [15%]), lung (12 [13%]), ovary (11 [12%]), cervix (11 [12%]), and breast (nine [10%]). At the data cutoff date (April 30, 2023), median follow-up was 33·3 months (IQR 30·4-51·0) for the site-specific therapy group and 30·9 months (27·6-35·5) for the empirical chemotherapy group. Median progression-free survival was significantly longer with site-specific therapy than with empirical chemotherapy (9·6 months [95% CI 8·4-11·9] vs 6·6 months [5·5-7·9]; unadjusted hazard ratio 0·68 [95% CI 0·49-0·93]; p=0·017). Among the 167 patients who started planned treatment, 46 (56%) of 82 patients in the site-specific therapy group and 52 (61%) of 85 patients in the empirical chemotherapy group had grade 3 or worse treatment-related adverse events; the most frequent of these in the site-specific therapy and empirical chemotherapy groups were decreased neutrophil count (36 [44%] vs 42 [49%]), decreased white blood cell count (17 [21%] vs 26 [31%]), and anaemia (ten [12%] vs nine [11%]). Treatment-related serious adverse events were reported in five (6%) patients in the site-specific therapy group and two (2%) in the empirical chemotherapy group. No treatment-related deaths were observed. This single-centre randomised trial showed that site-specific therapy guided by the 90-gene expression assay could improve progression-free survival compared with empirical chemotherapy among patients with previously untreated CUP. Site-specific prediction by the 90-gene expression assay might provide more disease information and expand the therapeutic armamentarium in these patients. Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center, Program for Shanghai Outstanding Academic Leader, and Shanghai Anticancer Association SOAR PROJECT. For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

The Curious Case of A31P, a Topology-Switching Mutant of the Repressor of Primer Protein: A Molecular Dynamics Study of Its Folding and Misfolding.

The effect of mutations on protein structures is usually rather localized and minor. Finding a mutation that can single-handedly change the fold and/or topology of a protein structure is a rare exception. The A31P mutant of the homodimeric Repressor of primer (Rop) protein is one such exception: This single mutation ─and as demonstrated by two independent crystal structure determinations─ can convert the canonical (left-handed/all-antiparallel) 4-α-helical bundle of Rop to a new form (right-handed/mixed parallel and antiparallel bundle) displaying a previously unobserved "bisecting U" topology. The main problem with understanding the dramatic effect of this mutation on the folding of Rop is to understand its very existence: Most computational methods appear to agree that the mutation should have had no appreciable effect, with the majority of energy minimization methods and protein structure prediction protocols indicating that this mutation is fully consistent with the native Rop structure, requiring only a local and minor change at the mutation site. Here we use two long (10 μs each) molecular dynamics simulations to compare the stability and dynamics of the native Rop versus a hypothetical structure that is identical with the native Rop but is carrying this single Alanine31 to Proline mutation. Comparative analysis of the two trajectories convincingly shows that, in contrast to the indications from energy minimization ─but in agreement with the experimental data─, this hypothetical native-like A31P structure is unstable, with its turn regions almost completely unfolding, even under the relatively mild 320 K NpT simulations that we have used for this study. We discuss the implication of these findings for the folding of the A31P mutant, especially with respect to the proposed model of a double-funneled energy landscape.

Advances in electrochemical biosensors employing carbon-based electrodes for detection of biomarkers in diabetes mellitus.

The increase in diabetes cases has become a major concern in the healthcare sector, necessitating the development of efficient and minimal diagnostic methods. This study aims to provide a comprehensive examination of electrochemical biosensors for detecting diabetes mellitus biomarkers, with a special focus on the utilization of carbon-based electrodes. A detailed analysis of electrochemical biosensors incorporating various carbon electrodes, including screen-printed carbon electrodes, glassy carbon electrodes, and carbon paste electrodes, is presented. The advantages of carbon-based electrodes in biosensor design are highlighted. The review covers the detection of several key diabetes biomarkers, such as glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glycated human serum albumin (GHSA), insulin, and novel biomarkers. Recent developments in electrochemical biosensor technology over the last decade are summarized, emphasizing their potential in clinical applications, particularly in point-of-care settings. The utilization of carbon-based electrodes in biosensors is shown to offer significant advantages, including enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and cost-effectiveness. This review underscores the importance of carbon-based electrodes in the design of electrochemical biosensors and raises awareness for the detection of novel biomarkers for more specific and personalized diabetes mellitus cases. The advancements in this field highlight the potential of these biosensors in future clinical applications, especially in point-of-care diagnostics.

Applying the Means of Crossword Game to Increase Vocabulary Memorization in Teaching Arabic Language Among Middle School Students "Jannaturroichan " Peterongan Jombang

Arabic is a language that is difficult to learn because of the minimal methods teachers use when teaching, or the difficulty of students focusing when learning Arabic. For this reason, effective teaching media is needed in Arabic language lessons. This research aims to determine the application of crossword puzzle game media to improve vocabulary memorization in teaching Arabic to students at "Jannaturroichan" Middle School in Peterongan Jombang. Therefore, this research applies the crossword puzzle game media. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research with a case study approach. The qualitative approach focuses on the design, use, management, and evaluation stages, as well as data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation, research reveals that crossword puzzle media in Arabic language teaching has supporting and inhibiting factors. The supporting factors are the quality of teachers who are educative, innovative, and have teaching certificates. And the inhibiting factors are students who lack motivation so they are not enthusiastic about learning Arabic. This study also found that the media of crossword games in teaching Arabic can increase students' enthusiasm for learning because the learning process is exciting and not boring. In this study, the researcher wants to share experiences in the application of crossword game media in teaching Arabic to increase students' vocabulary.Keywords: Cross gaming, Descriptive qualitative, Improved Arabic language

A new method for evaluating roundness error based on improved bat algorithm

Roundness error is one of the core indicators for evaluating the geometric accuracy of round parts mechanical products, directly affecting product performance and service life. In the field of metrology, the accurate, rapid and standardized assessment of roundness error has always been a hot topic. This paper proposed a new method for evaluating roundness error based on improved bat algorithm. This method was based on the new geometric product specification for extraction, filtering and fitting. Based on the advantages of solving optimization problems using the bat algorithm, transformed the roundness error evaluation problem using the minimum zone method into a problem of using the bat algorithm to find the center of the minimum zone circle, then further solved for the roundness error value. Also, this algorithm effectively avoided falling into local optimal solutions by introducing chaotic inertia weights during the velocity update phase, it improved the accuracy and speed of the evaluation. Introduced adaptive parameters during the loudness and emission rate update phases to enhance the algorithm’s global search capability, it enhanced the stability of the algorithm. The experimental results indicated, the efficiency of roundness error evaluation in the new method was significantly better than that of the genetic algorithm, the simplex algorithm and the emperor penguin algorithm. There was a significant improvement in evaluation accuracy and stability. The feasibility of this method in roundness error evaluation using the minimal zone method was validated.

Using Taylor-Approximated Gradients to Improve the Frank–Wolfe Method for Empirical Risk Minimization

Using Taylor-Approximated Gradients to Improve the Frank–Wolfe Method for Empirical Risk Minimization

Experiment and simulation assessment of supercritical underground coal gasification in deep coal seam

To explain the impact of geological and process factors on underground coal gasification in deep coal seam (>2200 m) and promote the efficient and clean extraction and conversion of coal, this study employs the orthogonal experimental design method to investigate the impact of CO2 coefficient (0–1), moisture content (30–80 wt%), calcite content (0–10 wt%), albite content (0–10 wt%), kaolinite content (0–20 wt%), reaction temperature (550–650 °C), and reaction pressure (23–27 MPa) on the characteristics of coal underground gasification under supercritical H2O/CO2 conditions. Furthermore, range analysis and variance analysis are utilized to determine the degree of influence of each factor and the interaction between factors. Finally, the Gibbs free energy minimization method is used to conduct a thermodynamic equilibrium analysis of coal supercritical H2O/CO2 gasification at high temperatures (750–1000 °C). The results indicate that the three most significant factors affecting the process of coal supercritical H2O/CO2 gasification are the CO2 coefficient, moisture content, and reaction temperature. The maximum carbon gasification efficiency at 650 °C in experimental cases and 1000 °C in simulation cases is 22.2% and 88.1%, respectively. Although the addition of CO2 at lower temperatures reduces the carbon gasification efficiency, at high temperatures (>900 °C), a higher initial CO2 concentration increases the carbon gasification efficiency. The addition of CO2 under conditions of low moisture content increases the mole fraction of H2, but reduces it under conditions of high moisture content (≥70 wt%). Among the three minerals, calcite has the most significant influence on the gasification process.

CentroIDA: Cross-domain class discrepancy minimization based on accumulative class-centroids for Imbalanced Domain Adaptation

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) is a critical task in transfer learning, which seeks to apply the knowledge acquired in one domain (the source domain) to a different but related domain (the target domain). In this context, the two domains exhibit Out-Of-Distribution(OOD), and the label information of the target domain is unavailable. Although numerous UDA methods have made significant strides in mitigating the discrepancies in feature distributions across domains, they often neglect a more prevalent real-world scenario. This scenario, referred to as Imbalanced Domain Adaptation (IDA) task, is characterized by the coexistence of differences in both feature and label distributions. Our empirical analysis suggests that overlooking the disparities in label distributions can severely compromise the performance of the model, thereby limiting the generalizability of domain adaptation models. Consequently, our objective is to introduce a model capable of concurrently addressing differences in both feature and label distributions, thereby fostering a broader application of domain adaptation methodologies. In this paper, we propose a cross-domain class discrepancy minimization method based on accumulative class-centroids for IDA, termed as centroIDA. The strategies of accumulative class-centroids alignment and class-wise feature alignment pay heed to the relationship between cross-domain intra-class features and inter-class features, thereby facilitating conditional feature alignment to overcome both feature and label distribution differences simultaneously. Our experimental evaluation on OfficeHome and DomainNet datasets reveals that, in comparison to TIToK (a novel method also designed to tackle the IDA problem), our method enhances the average accuracy by 5.6% and 2.7%, respectively. Furthermore, as the label shift intensifies, our method consistently outperforms other methods, demonstrating a robust resistance to label shift.

Easy bootstrap for the 3D Ising model: a hybrid approach of the lightcone bootstrap and error minimization methods

As a simple lattice model that exhibits a phase transition, the Ising model plays a fundamental role in statistical and condensed matter physics. The Ising transition is realized by physical systems, such as the liquid-vapor transition. Its continuum limit also furnishes a basic example of interacting quantum field theories and universality classes. Motivated by a recent hybrid bootstrap study of the quantum quartic oscillator, we revisit the conformal bootstrap approach to the 3D Ising model at criticality, without resorting to positivity constraints. We use at most 10 nonperturbative crossing constraints at low derivatives from the Taylor expansion around a crossing symmetric point. The high-lying contributions are approximated by simple analytic formulae deduced from the lightcone singularity structure. Surprisingly, the low-lying properties are determined to good accuracy by this computationally very cheap approach. For instance, the results for the two relevant scaling dimensions (∆σ, ∆ϵ) ≈ (0.518153, 1.41278) are close to the most precise rigorous bounds obtained at a much higher computational cost.

The effect of Cuminum cyminum on the return of bowel motility after abdominal surgery: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial

Background and objectivesConsidering the significant prevalence of ileus after abdominal surgery and the beneficial effects of Cuminum cyminum in digestive problems, this study aimed to examine whether Cuminum cyminum has any effect on the return of bowel motility after abdominal surgery.Materials and methodsIn this triple-blind clinical trial study, 74 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were assigned to the intervention and control groups using minimization methods. The patients in the intervention group consumed 250 mg capsules containing Cuminum cyminum extract 4 h after the surgery and another dose of the drug 1 h afterward. The patients in the control group consumed a 250 mg capsule containing starch as a placebo at hours similar to those in the intervention group. The instruments used to collect the data were a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made checklist to assess bowel habits. The data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software.ResultsThe average time of gas passing in the intervention and control groups was 9.03 ± 3.41 and 11.72 ± 4.21 h, respectively. The defecation times in the intervention and control groups were 16.97 ± 5.02 and 26 ± 9.87 h, showing a significant difference between the two groups as indicated by the independent samples T-test (P > 0.001). Furthermore, abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, nausea, and vomiting were significantly less frequent in the intervention group compared to the control group as confirmed by Fisher’s exact test (P > 0.001).ConclusionAccording to the results, the consumption of Cuminum cyminum after abdominal surgery helps to reduce the time of gas passing, defecation, and the return of bowel motility. However, additional studies need to address the effectiveness of Cuminum cyminum by changing the time and duration of its use.

Review of Switched Reluctance Motor Converters and Torque Ripple Minimisation Techniques for Electric Vehicle Applications

This paper presents a review of the most common power converters and torque ripple minimisation approaches for switched reluctance motors (SRMs). Unlike conventional three-phase AC motors, namely squirrel cage induction motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors, which require a typical three-phase inverter for operation, the switched reluctance motor requires a different topology power converter for reliable and efficient operation. In addition, due to the non-linear, discrete nature of SRM torque production, torque ripple is severely pronounced, which is undesirable in servo applications like electric vehicles. Hence, deploying a proper torque control function for smooth and quiet motor operation is crucial. This paper sheds light over the most popular SRM power converters as well as torque ripple minimisation methods, and it suggests an optimal SRM drive topology for EV applications.

Efficient enhancement of low-rank tensor completion via thin QR decomposition.

Low-rank tensor completion (LRTC), which aims to complete missing entries from tensors with partially observed terms by utilizing the low-rank structure of tensors, has been widely used in various real-world issues. The core tensor nuclear norm minimization (CTNM) method based on Tucker decomposition is one of common LRTC methods. However, the CTNM methods based on Tucker decomposition often have a large computing cost due to the fact that the general factor matrix solving technique involves multiple singular value decompositions (SVDs) in each loop. To address this problem, this article enhances the method and proposes an effective CTNM method based on thin QR decomposition (CTNM-QR) with lower computing complexity. The proposed method extends the CTNM by introducing tensor versions of the auxiliary variables instead of matrices, while using the thin QR decomposition to solve the factor matrix rather than the SVD, which can save the computational complexity and improve the tensor completion accuracy. In addition, the CTNM-QR method's convergence and complexity are analyzed further. Numerous experiments in synthetic data, real color images, and brain MRI data at different missing rates demonstrate that the proposed method not only outperforms in terms of completion accuracy and visualization, but also conducts more efficiently than most state-of-the-art LRTC methods.

Absolute dimensions of solar-type eclipsing binaries

Context. The binary star NY Hya is a bright, detached, double-lined eclipsing system with an orbital period of just under five days with two components each nearly identical to the Sun and located in the solar neighbourhood. Aims. The objective of this study is to test and confront various stellar evolution models for solar-type stars based on accurate measurements of stellar mass and radius. Methods. We present new ground-based spectroscopic and photometric as well as high-precision space-based photometric and astrometric data from which we derive orbital as well as physical properties of the components via the method of least-squares minimisation based on a standard binary model valid for two detached components. Classic statistical techniques were invoked to test the significance of model parameters. Additional empirical evidence was compiled from the public domain; the derived system properties were compared with archival broad-band photometry data enabling a measurement of the system’s spectral energy distribution that allowed an independent estimate of stellar properties. We also utilised semi-empirical calibration methods to derive atmospheric properties from Strömgren photometry and related colour indices. Results. We measured (percentages are fractional uncertainties) masses, radii, and effective temperatures of the two stars in NY Hya and found them to be MA = 1.1605 ± 0.0090 M⊙ (0.78%), RA = 1.407 ± 0.015 R⊙ (1.1%), Teff, A = 5595 ± 61 K (1.09%), MB = 1.1678 ± 0.0096 M⊙ (0.82%), RB = 1.406 ± 0.017 R⊙ (1.2%), and Teff, B = 5607 ± 61 K (1.09%). The atmospheric properties from Strömgren photometry agree well with spectroscopic results. No evidence was found for nearby companions from high-resolution imaging. A detailed analysis of space-based data revealed a small but significant eccentricity (e cos ω) of the orbit. The spectroscopic and frequency analysis on photometric time series data reveal evidence of clear photospheric activity on both components likely in the form of star spots caused by magnetic activity. Conclusions. We confronted the observed physical properties with classic and magnetic stellar evolution models. Classic models yielded both young pre-main-sequence and old main-sequence turn-off solutions with the two components at super-solar metallicities, in disagreement with observations. Based on chromospheric activity and X-ray observations, we invoke magnetic models. While magnetic fields are likely to play an important role, we still encounter problems in explaining adequately the observed properties. To reconcile the observed tensions we also considered the effects of star spots known to mimic magnetic inhibition of convection. Encouraging results were obtained, although unrealistically large spots were required on each component. Overall we conclude that NY Hya proves to be complex in nature, and requires additional follow-up work aiming at a more accurate determination of stellar effective temperature and metallicity.

A T2-weighted MRI-based radiomic signature for disease-free survival in locally advanced cervical cancer following chemoradiation: An international, multicentre study

IntroductionTo develop and validate a T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomic signature associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer. Materials and MethodsThe study comprised a training dataset of 132 patients (93 Norwegian; 39 The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and an independent validation Canadian dataset of 199 patients with FIGO stage IB-IVA cervical cancer treated with chemoradiation. Radiomic features were extracted using PyRadiomics. A radiomic signature was developed based on a multivariable radiomic prognostic model for DFS built using the training dataset, with minimal redundancy maximum relevancy feature selection method. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were then conducted to examine the association of the derived radiomic signature with DFS. ResultsA radiomic signature was prognostic for DFS in the training cohort (Norwegian hazard ratio [HR] 5.54, p = 0.002; TCIA HR 3.59, p = 0.04). The radiomic signature remained independently associated with DFS (HR 3.70, p = 0.004) when adjusted for stage and tumor volume. The radiomic signature was also prognostic for DFS in the validation cohort, both on univariate analysis (HR 2.22, p = 0.003), and multivariable analysis adjusted for stage and tumor volume (HR 1.84, p = 0.04). The 4-year DFS rates of patients with radiomic signature score > 0 vs ≤ 0 were 48.2 % vs 87.9 %, and 56.4 % vs 80.8 % for training and validation cohorts respectively. ConclusionAn MRI-based radiomic signature can be used as a prognostic biomarker for DFS in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer undergoing chemoradiation.

A Comparative and Experimental Study of Parametric Influence on Drilling Process of Hybrid AMMC

Abstract: To aim for the highest quality product quality and a high metal removal rate, metal cutting is crucial. The primary obstacle to attaining optimal quality and high production is the short tool life. The hybrid aluminum metal matrix AA 6082, with reinforcement consisting of titanium dioxide (7.5%) and cenosphere (2.5%), was optimized using the Modified Taguchi optimization method for simultaneous minimization and maximization of surface roughness (Ra), machining time, and material removal rate. The surface finish was affected by different types of geometrical precision values of the CNC drilling process parameters in order to both minimize and maximize the responses. The experiments, including call for the machining of hybrid AMMC and the use of an HSS drill bit, will be performed using a CNC with different process parameters. The L16 orthogonal array will be used for the examinations, and each experiment will be run under a distinct set of circumstances, including feed, speed, and pecking. Using the TAGUCHI design, the optimal geometrical and machining parameters were determined from the experimental output responses, and significant influences were discovered for the corresponding specific output responses.

Precise Modeling and Analysis of Aviation Power System Reliability via the Aviation Power System Reliability Probability Network Model

This study addresses the challenges of accurately analyzing the reliability of aviation power systems (APS) using traditional models by introducing the Aviation Power System Reliability Probability Network Model (APS-RPNM). The model directly transforms the system architecture into an equivalent probability network, aiming to develop a precise reliability model that captures system functions and fault logic. By classifying APS components into five distinct structural patterns and mapping them to corresponding nodes in the APS-RPNM, the model is successfully constructed. Specifically, None-Input-to-Multiple-Output components are transformed into two-state nodes, while Multiple-Input-to-None-Output, Single-Input-to-Multiple-Output, and Multiple-Input-to-Single-Output components are mapped to three-state nodes. For Multiple-Input-to-Multiple-Output components, a novel approach employing multiple two-state sub-nodes is adopted to capture their complex functional logic. A case study comparing the performance of the APS-RPNM with the traditional minimal path set method in reliability analysis was conducted. The results demonstrate that the APS-RPNM not only simplifies the model construction process and eliminates errors stemming from subjective engineering judgments but also enables the efficient computation of power supply reliability for all load points in a single inference by integrating all of the components. This significantly improves computational efficiency and system dependency analysis capabilities, highlighting the APS-RPNM’s tremendous potential in optimizing the reliability design of APS.

Adaptive fault-tolerant control for uncalibrated camera–robot system with multiple uncertainties

In this paper, an adaptive fault-tolerant control scheme is proposed for uncalibrated visual servoing of robot manipulator with multiple uncertainties and possible actuator failures. First, to accommodate the partial-loss-of-effectiveness failures, a parametrization form of fault estimation is derived by applying the adaptive backstepping control technique. Furthermore, an on-line gradient descending minimization method developed based on the Slotine–Li algorithm is designed to handle the uncertainties of uncalibrated camera parameters. By utilizing the Lyapunov analysis method, it can be proved that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and the image tracking error converges to zero asymptotically. Simulation based on a 3-DOF manipulator validates the obtained results.

Effectiveness and safety of an artificial intelligence-based medical decision support system for adjusting insulin pump settings in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Previously, we presented the process of developing a clinical decision support system (CDSS) for adjusting insulin pump (IP) settings in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and assessing the agreement of the recommendations it generates with the expert opinion. The CDSS demonstrated satisfactory forecasting of glucose profile and agreement rates between recommendations CDSS and experts.AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using CDSS in children with T1D, testing the hypothesis of non-inferiority (with a limit of -5%) of relative increase of glucose time in range (TIR) over 6 months.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The trial included 80 children with T1D, divided into two comparable groups of 40 children using the minimization method. Patients in the main group received recommendations for adjusting the IP settings from a physician who uses the CDSS; patients in the control group received recommendations from a physician (control group). Patients were observed for 6 months with remote consultations once a month (7 consultations in total) and monitoring of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 1, 4 and 7 consultations. The primary outcome is the difference in group mean relative changes in TIR (%), secondary outcomes are TIR (%), HbA1c concentration. RESULTS: The trial was completed by 63 patients 32 in the main group, 31 in the control group. The difference in the mean relative increase in TIR at the 7th consultation in the groups was 3.02%, one-sided 95% CI (-4.55%; inf ). Thus, the lower bound of this CI is greater than the noninferiority limit of -5%, and the noninferiority hypothesis can be accepted. There were no statistically significant differences between groups for all outcomes. The dynamics of the indicators were positive in the main group and had a statistical tendency towards positive changes in the control group.CONCLUSION: The use of CDSS was no less effective in terms of the TIR than the management of the patient by a physician. The use of CDSS in clinical practice can help in regular and frequent monitoring of children with T1D, and standardize at a high level the approach to correction of IP parameters, supplemented with CGM.

Design and performance study of bone trabecular scaffolds based on triply periodic minimal surface method

Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) is widely used because it can be used to control the shape of porous scaffolds precisely by formula. In this paper, an I-wrapped package (I-WP) type porous scaffolds were constructed. The finite element method was used to study the relationship between the wall thickness and period, the morphology and mechanical properties of the scaffolds, as well as to study the compression and fluid properties. It was found that the porosity of I-WP type scaffolds with different wall thicknesses (0.1 ~ 0.2 mm) and periods (I-WP 1 ~ I-WP 5) ranged from 68.01% ~ 96.48%, and the equivalent elastic modulus ranged from 0.655 ~ 18.602 GPa; the stress distribution of the scaffolds tended to be uniform with the increase of periods and wall thicknesses; the equivalent elastic modulus of the I-WP type scaffolds was basically unchanged after the topology optimization, and the permeability was improved by 52.3%. In conclusion, for the I-WP type scaffolds, the period parameter can be adjusted first, then the wall thickness parameter can be controlled. Topology optimization can be combined to meet the design requirements. The I-WP scaffolds constructed in this paper have good mechanical properties and meet the requirements of repairing human bone tissue, which may provide a new choice for the design of artificial bone trabecular scaffolds.

Uniform RIP analysis for the [formula omitted]-[formula omitted] minimization

This paper presents a uniform restricted isometry property (RIP) analysis of the ℓp−ωℓq minimization method for the recovery of sparse signals in both noiseless and noisy scenarios. The analysis is primarily based on a crucial sparse representation for any given signals. Moreover, we propose an effective algorithm for solving the ℓp−ωℓq minimization problem. The performance of this algorithm is validated through extensive numerical experiments on synthetic data, ECG signals, and grayscale images.