Minimal Shift Research Articles

Noiseimmunity of the search for broadband frequency manipulation signals with minimal shift of the radio navigation system under the influence of structural interference

Noiseimmunity of the search for broadband frequency manipulation signals with minimal shift of the radio navigation system under the influence of structural interference

Shortcomings of the Derjaguin–Muller–Toporov model in dynamic atomic force microscopy

Force–distance curves recorded by frequency modulated atomic force microscopy (FM AFM) provide insight into the tip–sample mechanics. For quantitative analysis, FM AFM is able to separate conservative from dissipative forces by simultaneously measuring amplitude–distance and frequency–distance curves. Here, we report on the conservative forces in the gentle tip–sample contact of mesoscopic tips at low Tabor parameters. We introduce an analytical expression for the frequency shift based on the Derjaguin–Muller–Toporov (DMT) contact model to simplify the comparison between the experiment and theory. From the analytical formulas, a scaling law between the tip radius and minimal frequency shift is found, which is supported by experimental data. Although excellent fits for full frequency–distance curves are possible, the resulting material properties do not match the accepted literature values. We suspect that these flaws are a consequence of the incomplete treatment of attractive forces and DMT’s strain-stiffness approximation, rendering DMT-based models inappropriate to measure material properties by dynamic AFM in gentle contact.

Initial assessment of α-synuclein structure in platelets.

Over the last few years data from our group have indicated that α-synuclein is important in development of immune cells as well as potentially erythrocytes and platelets. The latter is important since this protein may work as negative regulator of granule release. Thus, we sought to begin to understand the structure of this protein in platelets. Flow cytometric analysis of this protein using region-specific (N-terminus, central region and C-terminus) monoclonal antibodies was performed. Antibody to the central region gave the strongest shift among all three antibodies, with the C-terminus having intermediate shift and N-terminus minimal shift. Western blotting using the same antibodies showed similar binding of all antibodies to α-synuclein. These results suggest a similar arrangement of this protein in platelets as seen in neurons. Future studies ought to look at the role that each protein region plays in platelets.

-adic characterization of minimal ternary dendric shifts

AbstractDendric shifts are defined by combinatorial restrictions of the extensions of the words in their languages. This family generalizes well-known families of shifts such as Sturmian shifts, Arnoux–Rauzy shifts and codings of interval exchange transformations. It is known that any minimal dendric shift has a primitive$\mathcal {S}$-adic representation where the morphisms in$\mathcal {S}$are positive tame automorphisms of the free group generated by the alphabet. In this paper, we investigate those$\mathcal {S}$-adic representations, heading towards an$\mathcal {S}$-adic characterization of this family. We obtain such a characterization in the ternary case, involving a directed graph with two vertices.

Drivers Glance Like Lizards during Cell Phone Distraction in Assisted Driving

Head pose has been proposed as a surrogate for eye movement to predict areas of interest (AOIs) where drivers allocate their attention. However, head pose may disassociate with AOIs in glance behavior involving zero or subtle head movements, commonly known as “lizard” glance pattern. In contrast, “owl” glance pattern is used to describe glance behavior along with larger head movements. It remains unclear which glance pattern is prevalent during driver cell phone distraction and what are appropriate metrics to detect such distraction. To address this gap, we analyzed the gaze direction and head pose of 36 participants who completed an email-sorting task using a cell phone while driving a Tesla on the test track in Autopilot mode. The dispersion-threshold algorithm identified driver gaze fixations and synchronized them with head movements. The results showed that when using a cell phone either near the lap or behind the steering wheel, participants exhibited a dominant lizard-type glance pattern with minimal shift in head position. As a result, head pose alone may not provide sufficient information for cell phone distraction detection, and gaze metrics should be involved in enhancing this application.

A strongly aperiodic shift of finite type on the discrete Heisenberg group using Robinson tilings

We explicitly construct a strongly aperiodic subshift of finite type for the discrete Heisenberg group. Our example builds on the classical aperiodic tilings of the plane due to Raphael Robinson. Extending those tilings to the Heisenberg group by exploiting the group’s structure and posing additional local rules to prune out remaining periodic behavior, we maintain a rich projective subdynamics on Z2 cosets. In addition, the obtained subshift factors onto a strongly aperiodic, minimal sofic shift via a map that is invertible on a dense set of configurations.

REDEFINING ANEUPLOIDY RATES IN THE ERA OF MOSAICISM REPORTING: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF 24,341 EMBRYOS ANALYZED USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING

Our understanding of the relationship between female age and rate of embryonic aneuploidy has remained fairly consistent over the years.1 The detection of embryo mosaicism in preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) has introduced a third category into the possible options for embryo ploidy. The aim of this study is to determine how reporting of mosaicism in PGT-A alters the ratio of euploid and aneuploid embryos. This study included patients who underwent an IVF cycle at a single academic center with PGT-A from February 2016 through March 2021. Trophectoderm biopsies were analyzed using a modified FAST-SeqS NGS-based PGT method and bioinformatics pipeline. Patients were separated into groups based on availability of mosaic reporting (Group A: January 2020-March 2021, routine reporting included mosaicism; Group B: February 2016-December 2019, routine reporting did not include mosaicism). The proportion of embryos reported as euploid and aneuploid was compared among SART age groups. Embryos with both full aneuploidy and mosaicism were reported as aneuploid. Indeterminate results were excluded. Student’s t-test and chi square were used for analysis, with multivariable logistic regression to adjust for confounders. Bonferroni correction was performed to control for multiple comparisons with a corrected p value of .004. Of the 24,341 embryos from 4,407 patients identified in the study, 12,850 (52.8%) were reported as euploid and 10,450 (42.9%) were reported as aneuploid. The mean oocyte age was 35.2 years. The rate of embryonic euploidy was similar during the era of mosaic reporting compared to the period prior to mosaic reporting (51.8% vs. 53.5%, p=.02) while the rate of aneuploidy decreased by 11.6% (35.1% vs. 46.7%, p<.0001). No differences were seen in euploid rates between the study and control groups when stratified by SART age group. Aneuploidy rates were significantly lower in the era of mosaic reporting among age SART Group A (21.0% vs. 35.4%, p<.0001), Group B (33.0% vs. 43.7%, p<.0001), and Group C (46.7% vs. 56.5%, p<.001) but not Group D (68.3% vs. 71.6%, p=.13) or Group E (76.5% vs. 79.7%, p=.28). Multivariable logistic regression controlling for oocyte age, high quality embryo, and day of biopsy revealed that mosaic reporting was significantly associated with a lower odds of aneuploid reports in Groups A, B, and C but not in D or E (Group A: OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.44-0.53, p<.0001; Group B: OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.56-0.71, p<.0001; Group C: OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.61-0.78, p<.0001). Mosaicism reporting alters the proportions of embryos interpreted as aneuploid, particularly among younger age groups. In older age groups, the predominance of meiotic errors resulting in full aneuploidy leads to a minimal shift in the proportions of embryos reported as euploid or aneuploid.

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF PAKSHAGHATA (CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT) A CASE STUDY

Stroke represents the third most common cause of death in developed nations and is one of the leading causes of death and disability in India. Stroke is dened as the rapid onset of focal neurological decit resulting from cerebral vasculature and its contents. This disease has posed a great problem to the medical eld as far as its treatment is concerned. There is a wealth of information available on the cause, prevention, risk, and treatment of stroke. Even then much, less is known about the treatment of the stroke, there is no any satisfactory and widely acceptable measure for the stroke. The present article deals with the diagnosed case of hemorrhagic stroke presenting with right sided hemiplegia, Right basal ganglia bleed with epsilateral minimal midline shift. The Ayurvedic diagnosis of vama pakshaghata and managed with Virechana Karma (Detoxication therapy), Manjishtadi khseera basti (Administration of a medicated colloidal solution through rectum), Pratimarsha Nasya (Instillation of medicated oil through nasal route). Assessment was made before and after the treatment using National Institute of Health Score Scale (NIH-SS). Maximum improvement was noticed in the symptoms of aphasia and dysarthria. There was also improvement in the left upper and lower extremity functions. At the end of the treatment patient could walk without support. Panchakarma play a pivotal role in the management of stroke/ Pakshaghata. The recuperation was assuring and worth documenting.

ESTIMATION OF INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVE DISTURBANCE ON INPUT OF A RECEIVER OF SIGNALS WITH THE IDENTIFICATION OF DISTRIBUTION LAWS

In the article a method of estimation of influence of additive disturbance with various laws of distribution on an input of the receiver of telecommunication system according to combined parameter of identification for signals with modulation by the minimal frequency shift is considered.

Controlled fabrication of mesoporous electrodes with unprecedented stability for water capacitive deionization under harsh conditions in large size cells

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a feasible low-cost desalination technique for low-to-medium (brackish) salinity water. However, cycling stability and regeneration of the CDI electrodes are the bottlenecks hindering the practical application of the technology on large scale. Oxidation of the electrodes during the sequential adsorption-desorption processes is one of the most challenging problems hindering their long-term cycling performance. Herein, we demonstrated the ability to design and fabricate exceptionally stable CDI electrodes via a one-pot pyrolysis protocol. The optimized pyrolysis of nitrogen‑carbon precursors at different temperatures enabled the fabrication of carbon materials with a controlled amount nitrogen dopant (NDCs) with exceptional cycling stability. The NDCs showed high specific capacitance and dual meso/microporous structures with high salt adsorption capacity (SAC), reaching 26.5 mg·g−1 in a single-pass desalination mode. Moreover, all NDC electrodes exhibited exceptional desalination stability performance over 150 successive charging/discharging cycles with 100% retention in aerated and deaerated solutions under harsh 1.4 V as the charging voltage. Moreover, all NDCs cells demonstrated charge efficiencies in the range from ~40 to 60%. The potential of zero charge (PZC) was determined for the tested NDC electrodes to elucidate their oxidation resistance (EOR). The electrodes exhibited a minimal shift in potential after the entire desalination stability tests, revealing minor electrode oxidation. The performance of our NDC-electrodes was compared against that of the commercially available activated carbon (AC) under the same experimental conditions, with the latter showing a server decrease in the SAC retention within the first few cycles.

Rotational Stability of a New Hydrophobic Acrylic IOL With Modified C-loop Haptics.

To assess rotational stability, axial stability, decentration, and tilt of the Rayner RAO800C single-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) (Rayner Intraocular Lenses Ltd) from end of surgery to 4 to 7 months postoperatively. Surgeries were performed at the Department of Ophthalmology at the Medical University of Vienna. A total of 130 eyes of 68 patients received an aspheric hydrophobic Rayner RAO0800C IOL. IOLs were randomly implanted to the 0 ± 10, 45 ± 10, 90 ± 10, or 135 ± 10 degree axis. Baseline measurement was performed with the patient still supine on the operating table. Axis alignment after 1 hour, 1 week, 1 month, and 4 months was evaluated by retroillumination pictures. Postoperative IOL decentration, tilt, and aqueous depth at 4 months were assessed using an anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography. Absolute median IOL rotation from end of surgery to 4 months was 2.4 degrees (range: 0.0 to 85.0 degrees). Median IOL rotation from end of surgery to 1 hour, 1 hour to 1 week, 1 week to 1 month, and 1 month to 4 months was 1.6 (range: 0.0 to 86.2), 1.1 (range: 0.0 to 28.8), 0.6 (range: 0.0 to 5.2), and 0.7 (range: 0.0 to 2.6) degrees. Respective proportions of IOLs rotating more than 5, 10, and 20 degrees from end of surgery to 4 months were 23.9%, 11.0%, and 6.4%. Horizontal and vertical decentration at 4 months was -0.09 ± 0.14 and 0.09 ± 0.14 mm, respectively. Horizontal and vertical tilt at 4 months was -4.78 ± 1.36 and -1.58 ± 1.10 degrees, respectively. A posterior axial shift of 0.052 ± 0.055 mm was observed from 1 week to 4 months. Although median IOL rotation appeared to be low, a significant proportion of IOLs rotated postoperatively. Decentration and tilt values were generally low. A minimal posterior optic shift was observed after 1 week. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(2):112-118.].

Markov partitions for toral ℤ 2 -rotations featuring Jeandel–Rao Wang shift and model sets

We define a partition $\mathcal{P}_0$ and a $\mathbb{Z}^2$-rotation ($\mathbb{Z}^2$-action defined by rotations) on a 2-dimensional torus whose associated symbolic dynamical system is a minimal proper subshift of the Jeandel-Rao aperiodic Wang shift defined by 11 Wang tiles. We define another partition $\mathcal{P}_\mathcal{U}$ and a $\mathbb{Z}^2$-rotation on $\mathbb{T}^2$ whose associated symbolic dynamical system is equal to a minimal and aperiodic Wang shift defined by 19 Wang tiles. This proves that $\mathcal{P}_\mathcal{U}$ is a Markov partition for the $\mathbb{Z}^2$-rotation on $\mathbb{T}^2$. We prove in both cases that the toral $\mathbb{Z}^2$-rotation is the maximal equicontinuous factor of the minimal subshifts and that the set of fiber cardinalities of the factor map is $\{1,2,8\}$. The two minimal subshifts are uniquely ergodic and are isomorphic as measure-preserving dynamical systems to the toral $\mathbb{Z}^2$-rotations. It provides a construction of these Wang shifts as model sets of 4-to-2 cut and project schemes. A do-it-yourself puzzle is available in the appendix to illustrate the results.

Patient-reported outcome measures ( PROMs): making sense of individual PROM scores and changes in PROM scores over time.

Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly being used in nephrology care. However, in contrast to well‐known clinical measures such as blood pressure, health‐care professionals are less familiar with PROMs and the interpretation of PROM scores is therefore perceived as challenging. In this paper, we provide insight into the interpretation of PROM scores by introducing the different types and characteristics of PROMs, and the most relevant concepts for the interpretation of PROM scores. Concepts such as minimal detectable change, minimal important change and response shift are explained and illustrated with examples from nephrology care.

Multi-Sensor Fusion: A Simulation Approach to Pansharpening Aerial and Satellite Images.

The growing demand for high-quality imaging data and the current technological limitations of imaging sensors require the development of techniques that combine data from different platforms in order to obtain comprehensive products for detailed studies of the environment. To meet the needs of modern remote sensing, the authors present an innovative methodology of combining multispectral aerial and satellite imagery. The methodology is based on the simulation of a new spectral band with a high spatial resolution which, when used in the pansharpening process, yields an enhanced image with a higher spectral quality compared to the original panchromatic band. This is important because spectral quality determines the further processing of the image, including segmentation and classification. The article presents a methodology of simulating new high-spatial-resolution images taking into account the spectral characteristics of the photographed types of land cover. The article focuses on natural objects such as forests, meadows, or bare soils. Aerial panchromatic and multispectral images acquired with a digital mapping camera (DMC) II 230 and satellite multispectral images acquired with the S2A sensor of the Sentinel-2 satellite were used in the study. Cloudless data with a minimal time shift were obtained. Spectral quality analysis of the generated enhanced images was performed using a method known as “consistency” or “Wald’s protocol first property”. The resulting spectral quality values clearly indicate less spectral distortion of the images enhanced by the new methodology compared to using a traditional approach to the pansharpening process.

VP32.09: Bilateral diaphragmaitc hernia in a case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome

A 38-year-old was sent to our unit for the first trimester scan at 12 weeks pregnancy. The first trimester calculated risk for trisomies was high; b-HCG-0,6 and PAPP-A-0,3. Subsequent amniocentesis revealed normal caryotype 46 XY. Array-comparative genomic hybridisation study didnt reveal any abnormality as well. Our scanning at 12 and 20 weeks revealed severe micrognathia (at 12 weeks) with mandibular spur (20 weeks), dysmorphic facial features such as hypertelorism, long convex philtrum, anteverted nares, depressed nasal bridge, thin lips with downturned lip corners at 20 weeks. Scanning at 20 weeks also revealed bilateral diaphragmatic hernia, stomach and bowel loops located in the left hemithorax, liver located in the right and left hemithorax, anterior displacement of the heart with minimal lateral shift, diaphragm was visible only at its anterior part, small hands with brachydactyly, cleft palate was suspected. After TOP the WES test revealed heterozygous mutation in exon 10 in the NIPBL gene resulting in a frameshift mutation, which is associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Postmortem appearance of the abortus revealed also bushy eyebrows with synophrys, small hands and cleft palate. Diaphragm was presented only at its anterior part. Bilateral diaphragmatic hernia was confirmed. Supporting information can be found in the online version of this abstract Supporting Information Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Constraints between Δαhad(MZ2) and (gμ−2)HVP

I discuss the possibility of estimating the shift $\delta\Delta\alpha(M_Z^2)$ on the running of the EM-coupling to the $M_Z$ scale, induced by the discrepancy $\Delta a_{\mu}$ between two precise determinations of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to $g_{\mu}-2$. It is shown that the size of $\Delta a_{\mu}$ implies rigorous bounds on the $\delta\Delta\alpha(M_Z^2)$-shift. Any extra contribution to this minimal shift necessarily depends on the specific shape of the underlying spectral function $\frac{1}{\pi}\Imm\Delta(t)$ responsible for the $\Delta a_{\mu}$-discrepancy. I show that, in the case of a quark model, the total $\Delta\alpha(M_Z^2)$-shift remains small. I also discuss the scenario where $\frac{1}{\pi}\Imm\Delta(t)$ is a constant in a finite $t$-region and show that in this case, up to a $t_{\rm max}\precsim 5~\GeV^2$, the size of the total $\delta\Delta\alpha_{\rm had}^{(5)}(M_Z^2)$-shift, remains below or of the order of the present error value on $\Delta\alpha_{\rm had}^{(5)}(M_Z^2)$.

Feline conjunctival microbiota in a shelter: effects of time, upper respiratory disease and famciclovir administration.

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the conjunctival microbiota of shelter-housed cats with time, upper respiratory disease (URD) and famciclovir administration. Cats were assigned to treatment groups on shelter entry. Healthy cats or cats with URD received ~30 mg/kg or ~90 mg/kg of famciclovir or placebo PO q12h for 7 days, or were untreated. Swabs were collected from ventral conjunctival fornices prior to (day 1) and immediately after (day 8) the treatment period. Microbiota analysis was conducted on 124 randomly selected swabs from healthy (56 swabs) or URD-affected (68 swabs) cats. Following DNA extraction and amplification of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, sequences were assembled into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Over-represented OTUs (as determined by linear discriminate analysis effect size), alpha and beta diversity, and median relative abundance of known feline ocular surface pathogens were assessed for the entire population and in 10 clinically relevant subpopulations of cats. Bacteria from 33 phyla and 70 genera were identified. Considering all cats, median relative abundance of Mycoplasma increased from day 1 to day 8, while Proteobacteria decreased. Community membership and structure (beta diversity) differed between days 1 and 8 for all famciclovir-treated cats (regardless of health status or dose) and healthy or URD-affected cats (regardless of famciclovir dose). Differences in taxonomic diversity within a sample (alpha diversity) between day 1 and day 8 were not detected in any subpopulations. Within 1 week of shelter entry, there were significant changes in community structure and membership of the feline conjunctival microbiota, with a shift towards over-representation of feline ocular surface pathogens. Although famciclovir may impact beta diversity of the feline conjunctival microbiota, absence of change in alpha diversity suggests minimal shift in individual cats.

Sterol Demethylation Inhibitor Fungicide Resistance in Leptosphaeria maculans is Caused by Modifications in the Regulatory Region of ERG11.

Blackleg is a worldwide disease of canola (Brassica napus), caused by a complex of fungal species in the genus Leptosphaeria, that impacts canola production and seed quality. Demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides that target sterol 14α-demethylase are an integral part of disease control. Here, we report six DMI-resistant isolates of Leptosphaeria maculans and two different types of genetic modification related to the resistance. Analysis of the regulatory region of the DMI target gene ERG11 (also known as CYP51) revealed a 275-bp insertion in two of the isolates and three long terminal repeat retrotransposons (5,263, 5,267, and 5,248 bp) inserted in the promoter region of three resistant isolates. Genetic approaches confirmed that these elements are responsible for DMI resistance in L. maculans and crosses show segregation consistent with a single locus. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR assays demonstrated that the 275-bp insertion increases ERG11 gene expression, conferring DMI fungicide resistance both in vitro and in planta. Moreover, transformation of a susceptible isolate of L. maculans with ERG11 driven by a promoter containing the 275-bp insertion increased resistance to tebuconazole. A minimal shift of the values of concentration whereby 50% of the mycelial growth is inhibited in vitro was observed in resistant isolates containing long terminal repeat retrotransposons; nevertheless, these isolates were able to develop significant lesions on cotyledons from fungicide-treated seedlings. This is the first report of genetic modifications in L. maculans relating to DMI fungicide resistance.

A Long-Term Study of Persistent Sézary Syndrome: Evidence for Antigen Shift by Multiparameter Flow Cytometry and Its Significance in Overall Survival.

Sézary syndrome (SS) is a peripheral T-cell lymphoma characterized by erythroderma, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and circulating neoplastic T cells, which classically show a helper T-cell immunophenotype with loss of CD7 and CD26. Flow cytometry is often used to identify and enumerate populations of Sézary cells in the peripheral blood; however, the significance and frequency of antigen shift over time is unclear. In this article, we follow the immunophenotype of the neoplastic T-cell population from 28 patients with SS across 415 flow cytometry studies. Antigen shift for each patient was assigned as none, minimal = 1-2 markers by 1°, moderate = up to 3 markers, or marked ≥ 4 markers. Sixty-four percent (18/28) of patients showed antigen shift, and among those with antigen shift, the majority showed minimal (8/18) or moderate antigen shift (7/18) with fewer demonstrating marked shift (3/18). Patients without antigen shift showed a trend toward improved overall survival in comparison with patients demonstrating any degree of antigen shift. Antigen shift is seen in a significant proportion of cases of SS with long-term follow-up and may be a marker of more aggressive disease.

Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty versus Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

To compare best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), refractive astigmatism, and complications after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK). Prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial. Fifty-four pseudophakic eyes of 54 patients with corneal endothelial dysfunction resulting from Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy were enrolled in 6 corneal centers in The Netherlands. Participants were allocated to DMEK (n= 29) or UT-DSAEK (n= 25) using minimization randomization based on preoperative BSCVA, recipient central corneal thickness, gender, age, and institution. Donor corneas were prestripped and precut for DMEK and UT-DSAEK, respectively. Six corneal surgeons participated in this study. The primary outcome measure was BSCVA at 12 months after surgery. Central graft thickness of UT-DSAEK lamellae measured 101 μm (95% confidence interval [CI], 90-112 μm). Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity did not differ significantly between DMEK and UT-DSAEK groups at 3 months (0.15 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] [95% CI 0.08-0.22 logMAR] vs. 0.22 logMAR [95% CI 0.16-0.27 logMAR]; P= 0.15), 6 months (0.11 logMAR [95% CI 0.05-0.17 logMAR] vs. 0.16 logMAR[95% CI 0.12-0.21 logMAR]; P= 0.20), and 12 months (0.08 logMAR [95% CI 0.03-0.14 logMAR] vs. 0.15 logMAR [95% CI 0.10-0.19 logMAR]; P= 0.06). Twelve months after surgery, the percentage of eyes reaching 20/25 Snellen BSCVA was higher in DMEK compared with UT-DSAEK (66% vs. 33%; P= 0.02). Endothelial cell density did not differ significantly 12 months after DMEK and UT-DSAEK (1870 cells/mm2 [95% CI 1670-2069 cells/mm2] vs. 1612 cells/mm2 [95% CI 1326-1898 cells/mm2]; P= 0.12). Both techniques induced a mild hyperopic shift (12 months:+0.22 diopter [D; 95% CI -0.23 to 0.68 D] for DMEK vs.+0.58 D [95% CI 0.13-1.03 D] for UT-DSAEK; P= 0.34). Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty and UT-DSAEK did not differ significantly in mean BSCVA, but the percentage of eyes achieving 20/25 Snellen vision was significantly higher with DMEK. Endothelial cell loss did not differ significantly between the treatment groups, and both techniques induced a minimal hyperopic shift.