Minimal Invasive Dentistry Research Articles

Assessment of Knowledge, Practice, and Attitude about Silver Diamine Fluoride among Postgraduate Students in Pediatric Dentistry in Karnataka

Abstract Background: Dental caries occurs as a result of phasic demineralization and remineralization of dental hard tissues. In recent years, minimal invasive dentistry (MID) has replaced conventional treatment procedures. As part of MID, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is being used to manage dental caries. However, little research has explored how informed dental postgraduates are about SDF. Aim: To determine the knowledge, practice, and attitude of dental postgraduate students regarding SDF. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire containing a total of 25 questions was drafted and distributed through Google Forms to postgraduates studying in the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry within the state of Karnataka. The Chi-square (χ2) test was used to statistically analyze the obtained data. Results: A total of 165 responses were obtained. Among the participants, 94.5% reported that they were aware of SDF. However, majority of the respondents were not able to correctly answer the questions assessing knowledge. Knowledge was higher among 3rd year followed by 2nd and 1st years (P ≤ 0.001). Only 59.4% of the respondents stated that they use SDF in their patients. However, nearly all respondents stated that this survey encouraged them to improve their understanding of SDF. Conclusion: Awareness about SDF among postgraduates treating pediatric patients is quite high. Knowledge with regard to few aspects of SDF use is lacking. The attitude among the participants was positive.

Application of Modern Technology in Minimal Invasive Dentistry - A Narrative Review

Preserving human anatomy and physiology is the ultimate goal of all health-related endeavours.The conservation of healthy tooth structure is the goal of minimal-intervention dentistry. The concept of "minimum/minimal intervention dental care" first appeared in the early 1980s. From its origins in general medicine, the minimum intervention philosophy in dentistry was created, focusing patient-oriented oral and dental care to prevent and treat oral disorders and maintaining over all oral health. A more conservative approach to tooth preparation and restoration in operative dentistry is called minimally invasive restorative dentistry. This terminology is relatively new. It comprises prompt identification prior to the onset of cavitation, sealing fissures and pits in uninfected areas, fluoride administration, minimum surgical repair of carious lesions, caries risk evaluation, and patient education regarding self-care. A wide range of methods are used, from initial identification of any demineralized tooth structure to evaluation and therapy, including air abrasion, laser cavity preparation, chemo-mechanical caries removal, and hand instrumentation. Adopting the current advanced method requires sufficient knowledge. The trio that comprises tissue histology, dental biomaterials science and professional patient care and management of materials are considered by the "golden triangle" of minimally invasive treatment options for dental caries in order to enable the successful application of minimally invasive dentistry in all patients. The term "minimal intervention dentistry" (MID) was first used in the early 2000s in a policy statement. Maintaining the greatest amount of healthy tooth structure and keeping teeth functional for life are the goals of MID. This approach is endorsed by the World Dental Federation (FDI) as the modern approach to dental caries management

Comparative Evaluation of the Efficiency of Polymer Bur, Cera Bur, and Tungsten Carbide Bur in Dentin Caries Excavation of Mandibular Primary Molars: An In vivo Study

ABSTRACT Conservative caries removal has become an integral part of minimally invasive dentistry (MID). Polymer and Cera burs are two feasible MID methods. The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of Polymer, Cera, and Tungsten carbide bur in dentin caries excavation of mandibular primary molars. 45 children in the age group of 6-8 years with dentin caries, not involving pulp in the second mandibular primary molars, were selected for the study. The three burs compared were polymer bur, Cera bur, and Tungsten Carbide bur. The excavation of carious lesion was performed with each burs using a slow-speed handpiece with 500-1000rpm. Caries removal efficiency was evaluated using the Visual-Tactile method and confirmed Dye detection method. The time taken to complete the caries removal was measured using a stopwatch. The patient’s pain perception was assessed using the Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. The intergroup comparisons based on time, dye, and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS) were arrived at using Mann–Whitney and Fisher Exact tests at P < 0.0001. A statistical significance between the three groups on the time taken for caries removal at P < 0.0001. No statistical significance was observed between the three groups for caries removal efficiency and pain perception using the dye and WBFPRS scores at P > 0.001. Cera burs had shown high caries removal efficiency, which had taken less time in the excavation, with reduced pain perception followed by Tungsten Carbide bur and the polymer bur in mandibular primary molars.

Concepts on Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal Method

Minimal invasive dentistry embraces beliefs that assimilate remineralisation, and inhibition as well as minimal intervention for restorations. By using the least intrusive surgical approach, minimally invasive dentistry affects the treatment objective where a minimal number of healthy tissues are removed. Various methods are now accessible for the excavation of caries. The crudest way to deal with the management of cavities can be done by using hand equipment or instruments, which was an excruciating as well as insufficient strategy for caries removal. Accordingly, the "mission" for more current materials and procedures in the field of caries management led to the utilization of minimally invasive methodologies. Among all the minimally invasive dentistry procedures, the chemo mechanical caries removal method can remove carious tooth material efficiently by hand instruments and a solution. The concept of caries removal by chemo mechanical method reveals the initial diagnosis of carious lesions and helps in minimal destruction of tooth structure during caries removal. This review paper highlights the caries removal methods by the chemo mechanical concept and discusses the various chemo mechanical caries removal agents as well as their properties.

Assessing dentists’ awareness of the orthodontic–restorative interface

ObjectivesAwareness of the interface between restorative and orthodontic treatments is essential for dentists to facilitate a meaningful interdisciplinary approach by integrating the knowledge and skills of different dental disciplines into patients’ treatment to enhance outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate General Dental Practitioners’ (GDPs) awareness of the orthodontic–restorative interface. MethodsThis was a mixed-method study involving the collection of a) quantitative data via a bespoke online questionnaire and b) qualitative data through open questions. A weblink was created to the questionnaire using Opinio®. The questionnaire was distributed to GDPs practising in the UK. Clinical vignette-based questions assessed GDPs awareness and the results were categorised into two groups: aware and unaware. Two months after the primary survey, respondents were sent an email with follow-up (reliability) survey. Reliability responses were compared against the primary responses to assess the repeatability using intraclass correlation coefficient. Data were analysed using independent t-test and X2 test. Results118 complete responses were received. 63 GDPs (53.4 % [95 % CI 44 %–63 %]) demonstrated a good understanding of the orthodontic–restorative interface. These GDPs were characterised by greater age (t = 2.75, p = 0.007) and experience (t = 3.54, p < 0.001). Qualitative data showed that respondents perceived orthodontic-restorative treatments as minimally invasive and aesthetics enhancing. ConclusionsOrthodontic-restorative treatment aids in minimal invasive dentistry. GDPs lack adequate awareness of the orthodontic–restorative interface in relation to patient care and communication with patients. More quality and structured undergraduate and postgraduate training are imperative to facilitate GDPs to understand and utilise aspects of orthodontic-restorative treatments to raise the standard of patient care. Additionally, to support these patients, the educational pathway between GDPs and specialist orthodontists is crucial. Clinical SignificanceGDPs ability to assess and carry out orthodontic-restorative treatments would conserve natural teeth. Dependable access to orthodontic services would encourage GDPs to refer challenging cases to specialists or dentists with enhanced skills. When the circumstances call for it, patients should be given orthodontic-restorative alternatives, regardless of the potential consequences of their acceptance of the procedures.

Probiotics - A New Era in Eradication of Dental Caries

Dental caries is a microbial disease caused by oral biofilm containing Streptococcus mutans, leading to destruction of tooth structure. Despite the use of age old conventional physical and chemotherapeutic methods for caries management, dental caries still continues to be the most prevalent form of oral infectious disease. With better understanding of the Ecology and microbiology of the oral cavity and with the advent of Minimal Invasive Dentistry, there has been a shift in the treatment modalities of caries. Probiotics have been recently introduced in dentistry and is one of the newer approaches in caries management. They have been used successfully for several years mainly for gastrointestinal disorders. Most probiotic strains belong to Lactobacilli or bifidobacteria group. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present an update about the recent advances in probiotic use for the prevention of dental caries. Keywords: Dental caries, probiotics, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus mutans3

Knowledge and attitude of dentists toward minimally invasive caries management in Almadinah Almunawwarah province, KSA

ObjectiveOver time, the management of dental caries has shifted towards minimally invasive dentistry (MID) and more conservative and evidence-based strategies. Although most dental schools have begun to incorporate MID caries management strategies in their curriculum; it has yet to be established whether these strategies are being implemented in everyday practice. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of dentists working in Almadinah Almunawwarah province in KSA with regards to the implementation of MID in caries management. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study which involved sending a self-administered and anonymous questionnaire to dentists practicing in both private and public clinics in Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: demographic data, dental education, clinical experience, and knowledge and attitude with regards to MID and the management of caries. For statistical analysis, we calculated simple descriptive statistics, including mean and frequency distributions; comparisons were performed using the Chi-squared test. ResultsA total of 130 dentists participated in the study; the majority of respondents were Saudi general dentists working in private dental clinics; there was a similar distribution of males and females and the age of the dentists ranged from 25 to 35 years. With regards to knowledge relating to selective caries removal (SCR), only 20% of subjects responded that SCR is based on lesion depth, while 74.6% reported that carious dentin consistency is important for SCR. Although 60% of respondents reported that they would assess a patient's risk of caries before commencing treatment, only 11.5% would perform risk assessment and non-surgical treatment in the first visit for caries management. Only 4.6% reported that they used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II criteria for the diagnosis of caries while 46.2% used the G.V. Black criteria. In addition, 53.8% of participants agreed that caries must be completely removed to prevent the progression of caries. ConclusionDentists in Almadinah Almunawwarah province had reasonable levels of knowledge regarding the importance of MID in caries management. However, they did not fully implement certain concepts, such as caries risk assessment and the recently recommended criteria for the diagnosis of caries, in their everyday clinical practice.

A Study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Dental Practitioners on Minimally Invasive Dentistry Concepts.

Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) includes caries detection using caries risk assessment (CRA), early localization of nascent carious sores including necessary and voluntary avoidance, and remineralization of demineralized veneer and dentin when diagnosed early for these reasons. Although the dentistry curriculum prioritizes the benefits of MID in tooth protection, this research is seldom included in classroom instruction. The purpose of this research was to gauge the level of understanding that dental professionals have about MID ideas. An online questionnaire measuring MID knowledge and application was used to compile the data. The Chi-square tests were run for statistical analysis in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Just 42.2% of the dentists who replied had MID training during their undergraduate or internship years, and the majority of that training came via lectures (45.2%). The majority (almost 81%) of respondents believed that CRA should be performed on all patients. Differences in knowledge and experience with atraumatic restorative therapy and the sandwich approach for treating caries in permanent teeth and high caries risk children were shown to be statistically significant (P 0.05). Dentists know about the benefits of MID, but their patients are not reaping those benefits since so many dentists still use the old methods of treating complete caries.

Minimal Invasive Dentistry: A Review

Minimal Invasive Dentistry: A Review

Advancing Patient Centric Care: A Comprehensive Review of Minimal Invasive Dentistry Techniques and Technologies

Advancing Patient Centric Care: A Comprehensive Review of Minimal Invasive Dentistry Techniques and Technologies

Visual examination for caries detection

Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) starts with the accurate clinical diagnosis of carious lesions. This enables the practitioner to intervene in the caries process when required and not unnecessarily condemn a tooth to the chronic restorative cycle. The use of the merged-ICDAS system is part of the CariesCare International guide, which consists of a 4D caries management system that is being adapted internationally as part of the MID delivery framework.

EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE OF MINIMAL INVASIVE DENTISTRY AMONG DENTISTS

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This study aimed to explore the evidence based practice of minimally invasive dentistry among the dentists in Lahore. This quantitative research study was a cross-sectional survey research conducted on general dentists working in posh areas of Lahore using convenient sampling. 70 dentists were recruited in the study. Majority of the participants (42.90%) reported that caries assessment should be carried out for all patients whereas 15.70% dentists disagree with the statement. 47.10% participants reported that fluoride is an effective way of preventing dental caries. 30% of the dentists always repair defective restorations instead of replacement. In conclusion, the dentists are quite familiar with the evidence based practice of minimal invasive dentistry in Lahore city.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Minimal invasive dentistry

The ideal definition of "Minimal Invasive (MI) Dentistry" is the use of a biological method rather than a typical (surgical) operational dentistry strategy to treat dental caries. When operational dentistry is necessary, it is now done in the most conservative way possible, with the least amount of tooth structure being harmed. This novel method of caries cares shifts the focus from detecting carious lesions as cavities (and a recurring cycle of restorations) to diagnosing the oral ecological imbalance and affecting biological changes in the biofilm. After stopping the disease process, MI aims to restore lost tooth structure and function, while optimizing the tooth's healing capacity. “Caries treatment has evolved from G.V. Black's extension for prevention to minimally intrusive owing to advancements in dental adhesives and restorative materials, increased knowledge of the caries process and remineralization, and changes in the incidence of caries. A decrease in cariogenic bacteria, new classifications of caries based on the location and size of lesion remineralization, and procedures and materials for minimally invasive cavity preparation are some of the topics covered in this book.”

Awareness about minimally invasive dentistry among dental under graduates &amp; Interns: A cross-sectional study

Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID) is a modern concept that attempt to keep teeth functional for life. It is the management of caries with biological approach rather than traditional surgical approach. It is to leave the traditional GV Black concept of ‘Extension for Prevention’ behind. Now, the present-day principle is ‘Constriction with Conservation’. This has been noticed that the concept of MID is still very unclear to the practicing dentists &amp; even to the undergraduates. To understand the knowledge and awareness of undergraduates about MID a survey is important. The aim of this study is –Firstly, to assess the knowledge about MID technique among the undergraduate students and interns from my dental institution. Secondly, to also investigate whether the knowledge acquired by the students reflects in the form of a positive attitude towards practice of MID principles. A cross-sectional survey involving 50 dental students and interns of my dental institution. The questioner is close ended. The questions are to assess the respondent levels of agreement regarding diagnostic, preventive and minimally invasive restorative techniques. In this study it was found that interns had greater knowledge of MID than final years as they had greater clinical exposure. There is a need to introduce evidence-based dentistry in the dental curriculum as well as establish guidelines for caries detection, diagnosis, treatment discussion &amp; treatment performance.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Treatment in Children: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis in Jeddah City.

Background/PurposeThe novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has affected individuals worldwide. Considering the nature of dental treatments and direct exposure to saliva, blood, aerosols, or droplets from infected individuals, dentists are at significant risk of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, to decrease aerosol-generating procedures, minimally invasive dentistry (MID) is recommended during this pandemic. The goal of this research was to compare the flow of patients during a pandemic at a single university hospital in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia, and to retrospectively assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric dental treatments including MID.Materials and MethodsThis study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of pediatric patient records, dental procedures performed, and minimally invasive techniques using the database of the King Abdul-Aziz University Dental Hospital (R4) system during the period of COVID 19 pandemic compared to the same period in the previous year.ResultsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatric dental patient flow included only 699 patients compared to 1151 patients during the same period in the previous year. The most common pediatric dental procedures performed during the pandemic period were simple restorative treatments, including fissure sealants, followed by dental extractions, and fluoride varnish applications. During the pandemic period, more minimally invasive treatments were performed, including the Hall technique, silver diamine fluoride, resin infiltration, and atraumatic restorative techniques.ConclusionBased on this data, the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on dental patient flow and the type of dental procedures performed on children. Minimally invasive treatments that minimize air generation are recommended; however, to establish the long-term effectiveness of minimally invasive treatments in pediatric dentistry, more follow-up studies with bigger sample sizes are required. More recommendations regarding conservative pediatric dental management after the COVID-19 era are suggested.

Silver Diamine Fluoride in Preventing Caries: A Review of Current Trends.

Aim and objectiveTo evaluate whether silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is effective in the management of dental caries.BackgroundDental caries is most common chronic disease and conventional treatment method could not tackle the problem completely. The use of silver compounds in dentistry is over a 100 years. Silver diamine fluoride has become a newer trend in handling the caries especially in young and apprehensive children. It is a noninvasive method of arresting caries which is painless, safe, and cost effective. This article describes the trends in silver diamine fluoride in arresting caries. The combined effects of remineralizing and antibacterial property make SDF an effective cariostatic agent.Review resultsArticles were searched in electronic data bases for literature. In vivo studies, in vitro studies, systematic reviews and case reports were included.ConclusionSilver diamine fluoride is effective in the management of caries in primary dentition. There is a little effect of silver diamine fluoride in permanent molars.Clinical importanceIn the current scenario of raising importance of minimal invasive dentistry and preventive dentistry, silver diamine fluoride is an efficient tool in the management of caries.How to cite this articleSurendranath P, Krishnappa S, Srinath S. Silver Diamine Fluoride in Preventing Caries: A Review of Current Trends. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-2):S247-S251.

Silver Diamine Fluoride - The New Normal in Pediatric Oral Care : A Review

Dental caries is the most commonly observed oral lesion and can affect function and esthetics of teeth in children, cause pain and severe lesions, malnutrition, psychological effects, if left untreated ultimately affecting their oral-health related quality of life. There are various treatment and preventive approaches but certain factors make it difficult to achieve the required outcome like behavior issues, socio-economic status, etc. Minimal intervention or invasive dentistry is gaining popularity, especially during and post-COVID era; it becomes the need of the hour. Silver Diamine Fluoride is one such caries management strategy that has started becoming popular for its various beneficial properties against caries both in normal and children with special health care needs, cost-effectiveness, easy application, and no intervention methodology. &#x0D; This article aims to bring forward detailed information about Silver Diamine Fluoride which is a promising caries management technique during and post-COVID era.&#x0D;

Survey on knowledge, attitude &amp; skills of dental professionals of West Bengal on minimal invasive dentistry concepts: A wise move or a set back for dentistry after COVID-19?

Background: The emphasis on caries prevention & minimal spread of infection during this pandemic situation has led to a paradigm shift toward the concept of minimal intervention dentistry (MID). MID limits the destruction of tooth structure as well as aerosol generation, a deviation from G.V. Black’s restorative principle. However, there seems to be either deficiency in knowledge or lack of initiations by the dentists to adopt these principles into clinical practice. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental professionals of West Bengal regarding the awareness & acceptance of MID at the age of time (COVID-19). Methods & Inferences: Data were collected through a month-long online survey questionnaire based on individual responses & statistically analyzed. Results: It indicates that most of the respondents have satisfactory knowledge (3.21±1.16), possess moderate skills in carrying out MID techniques in daily clinical practice (11.36±2.72), but showed poor attitude towards MID (2.91±1.07). Conclusion: Hence, its implementation into their practices is not adequate. Supervised awareness campaigns have to be done for updating the practice and encouraging the clinical decisions of dental professionals in this critical situation (COVID-19).

Minimally-invasive dentistry via dual-function novel bioactive low-shrinkage-stress flowable nanocomposites

The objectives of this in vitro study were to develop a novel low-shrinkage-stress flowable nanocomposite with antibacterial properties through the incorporation of dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP), and investigate the mechanical and oral biofilm properties, to be used in minimally-invasive techniques. MethodsThe light-cured low-shrinkage-stress flowable resin was formulated by mixing urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) and triethylene glycol divinylbenzyl ether (TEG-DVBE) at a 1:1 mass ratio. Different mass fractions of glass, and either 5% DMAHDM or 20%NACP or both were incorporated. Paste flowability, ultimate micro tensile strength and surface roughness were evaluated. The antibacterial response of DMAHDM resin was assessed by using biofilms of human saliva-derived microcosm model. Virtuoso flowable composite was used as a control. Results(45% resin+5% DMAHDM+20% NACP+30% glass) formula yielded the needed outcomes. It had flow rate within the range of ISO requirement. The micro tensile strength was (39.1 ± 4.3) MPa, similar to (40.1 ± 4.0) MPa for commercial control (p > 0.05). The surface roughness values of the novel composite (0.079 ± 0.01) µm similar to commercial composite (0.09 ± 0.02) µm (p > 0.05). Salivary microcosm biofilm colony forming unit values were reduced by 5–6 logs (p < 0.05). Biofilm metabolic activity was also substantially reduced, compared to control composite (p < 0.05). SignificanceThe novel bioactive flowable nanocomposite achieved strong antibacterial activities without compromising the mechanical properties. It is promising to be used as pit and fissure sealants, and as fillings in conservative cavities to inhibit recurrent caries and increase restoration longevity.

Re Mineralise the Demineralised: How Knowledgeable and Aware are our Dentists in Kashmir Related to this Minimally Invasive Technique

The principles of minimal invasive dentistry clearly dictates the need for developing effective measures to remineralize the early enamel caries lesions.&#x0D; Aim: The aim of the study was to access how knowledgeable and aware the dentist in Kashmir were related to the minimal invasive dentistry.&#x0D; Methodology: A cross sectional study was done on 60 interns and junior residents of Government Dental College Srinagar who were prescribing medicines in the OPD.This survey was to assess how knowledgeable, aware the dentists are while prescribing the re mineralising agents and do they detect the incipient carious lesions early.&#x0D; Results: 80% had observed a white spot lesion as a hypomineralization spot while examining the patient.67% of the dentists said that Fluoride based remineralising agents are the most easily available remineralising agent in the market.&#x0D; Conclusion: Dental caries pathophysiology is not a simple continual cumulative loss of tooth minerals but also a dynamic process characterised by alternating periods of demineralization and re mineralisation and can be reversed by the application of various remineralising agents.