Minimal Absorption Research Articles

Phosphorus/Bromine Synergism Improved the Flame Retardancy of Polyethylene Terephthalate Foams.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foams have the characteristics of being lightweight and high strength, as well as offering good heat resistance, minimal water absorption, etc., and they have been widely used in the wind power field. In addition, they are being promisingly applied in automotive, rail, marine, construction, and other related fields. Therefore, the flame retardancy(FR) of PET foams is an issue that requires investigation. The addition of flame retardants would affect the chain extension reaction, viscoelasticity, and foamability of PET. In this study, zinc diethyl hypophosphite (ZDP) and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) were used to form a synergistic FR system, in which ZDP is an acid source and DBDPE is a gas source, and both of them synergistically produced an expanded carbon layer to improve the flame retardancy of PET foams. The ratio of ZDP and DBDPE is crucial for the carbon yield and the expansion and thermal stability of the char layers. At the ZDP/DBDPE ratios of 9/3 and 7/5, the thickness of the char layers is about 3-4 mm, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of FR modified PET are 32.7% and 33.6%, respectively, and the vertical combustion tests both reached the V-0 level. As for the extruded phosphorous/bromine synergism FR PET foams, ZDP/DBDPE ratios of 3:1 and 2:1 were applied. As a result, the vertical combustion grade of foamed specimens could still reach V-0 grade, and the LOI values are all over 27%, reaching the refractory grade.

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel c-Met-Targeting Cyclic Peptide as a Potential Diagnostic Agent for Colorectal Cancer.

The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) is a receptor tyrosine kinase linked to the proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis of several types of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly when aberrantly activated. Our study strategically designs peptides derived from interactions between c-Met and the antibody Onartuzumab. By utilizing a cyclic strategy, we achieved significantly enhanced peptide stability and affinity. Our in vitro assessments confirmed that the cyclic peptide HYNIC-cycOn exhibited a higher affinity (KD = 83.5 nM) and greater specificity compared with its linear counterpart. Through in vivo experiments, [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-cycOn displayed exceptional tumor-targeting capabilities and minimal absorption in nontumor cells, as confirmed by single-photon emission computed tomography. Notably, the ratios of tumor to muscle and tumor to intestine, 1 h postinjection, were 4.78 ± 0.86 and 3.24 ± 0.47, respectively. Comparable ratios were observed in orthotopic CRC models, recording 4.94 ± 0.32 and 3.88 ± 0.41, respectively. In summary, [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-cycOn shows substantial promise as a candidate for clinical applications. We show that [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-cycOn can effectively target and visualize c-Met-expressing tumors in vivo, providing a promising approach for enhancing diagnostic accuracy when detecting c-Met in CRC.

Toward Humidity-Independent Sensitive and Fast Response Temperature Sensors Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposites.

Flexible temperature sensors are becoming increasingly important these days. In this work, we explore graphene oxide (GO)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposites for potential application in temperature sensors. The influence of the mixing ratio of both materials, the reduction temperature, and passivation on the sensing performance has been investigated. Various spectroscopic techniques revealed the composite structure and atomic composition. These were complemented by semiempirical quantum chemical calculations to investigate rGO and PVA interaction. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy measurements were carried out to evaluate dispersion and coated film quality. The temperature sensitivity has been evaluated for several composite materials with different compositions in the range from 10 to 80 °C. The results show that a linear temperature behavior can be realized based on rGO/PVA composites with temperature coefficients of resistance (TCR) larger than 1.8% K-1 and a fast response time of 0.3 s with minimal hysteresis. Furthermore, humidity influence has been investigated in the range from 10% to 80%, and a minor effect is shown. Therefore, we can conclude that rGO/PVA composites have a high potential for excellent passivation-free, humidity-independent, sensitive, and fast response temperature sensors for various applications. The GO reduction is tunable, and PVA improves the rGO/PVA sensor performance by increasing the tunneling effect and band gap energy, consequently improving temperature sensitivity. Additionally, PVA exhibits minimal water absorption, reducing the humidity sensitivity. rGO/PVA maintains its temperature sensitivity during and after several mechanical deformations.

Impact of doping on the Bridgman grown organic stilbene single crystal for third order NLO applications

Transparent 1, 3, 5-Triphenylbenzene doped Stilbene (TBS) single crystal was successfully grown by employing the Bridgman technique. SCXRD studies found crystallographic parameters, which reveal that the TBS single crystal has crystallized in a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group of P21/C. The identification of the functional groups in the TBS crystal was accomplished through the FTIR analysis. The UV–Vis spectral data shows that the TBS crystal exhibits minimal absorption across the visible spectrum, with a lower cutoff wavelength of 365 nm. The violet emission is observed at 380 and 405 nm in the fluorescence analysis. Additionally, the crystal's high quality was confirmed by a full width at half maximum value of 123 arcsec in the prominent rocking curve peak. Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) was determined to be 4.26 × 10−6 esu using the Z-scan technique. These are exciting findings that highlight the TBS crystal's suitability for various applications, including scintillation and optoelectronic device fabrication.

A Novel Method for Preparing Lightweight and High-Strength Ceramisite Coarse Aggregates from Solid Waste Materials.

A novel method is introduced in this study for producing ceramisite coarse aggregates that are both lightweight and possess high strength. The process involves utilizing fly ash as the primary material, along with coal ash floating beads (CAFBs) that have high softening temperature and a spherical hollow structure serving as the template for forming pores. This study examined the impact of varying particle size and quantity of floating beads on the composition and characteristics of ceramisite aggregates. Results showed that the high softening temperature of floating beads provided stability to the spherical cavity structure throughout the sintering process. Furthermore, the pore structure could be effectively tailored by manipulating the size and quantity of the floating beads in the manufacturing procedure. The obtained ceramisite aggregates feature a compact outer shell and a cellular inner core with uniformly distributed pores that are isolated from each other and mostly spherical in form. They achieve a low density ranging from 723 to 855 kg/m3, a high cylinder compressive strength between 8.7 and 13.5 MPa, and minimal water absorption rates of 3.00 to 4.09%. The performance metrics of these coarse aggregates significantly exceeded the parameters specified in GB/T 17431.1-2010 standards.

DFT study of optoelectronics and transport properties of double perovskites Cs2YCuX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) for energy conversion devices

Double perovskite halides (DPHs) hold great promise for applications in energy conversion. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the elastic, thermoelectric and optoelectronic characteristics of Cs2YCuX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) DPHs. The elastic constants and phonon dispersion curves reveal ductile nature and mechanical and thermodynamic stability of the examined materials. The Born stability criteria ensures structural stability, while the formation energy ranging from −2.28 to −1.68 eV signifies thermodynamic viability. Furthermore, the thermodynamic stability of investigated double perovskites Cu2YCuX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) have been verified by performing ab-initio finite temperature molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The examination of mechanical characteristics affirms the ductile nature of the material, and its substantial anisotropic factor enhance its significance for device fabrication. The band gaps calculated at 2.65 eV, 2.55 eV, and 2.45 eV from band structures, highlight the significance of the studied double perovskites (DPs) for optoelectronic applications. Optical parameters yield information on minimal dispersion and expansive absorption band. Additionally, transport characteristics are analyzed through parameters such as Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and the Figure of merit (ZT).

Utilization of Waste Materials for Making Plastic Bricks

Currently, due to urbanization, there has been a notable rise in the use of plastic in our daily lives, owing to its widespread utility and popularity. However, its non-biodegradable nature presents a significant drawback. One potential solution for recycling plastic waste involves creating plastic bricks by blending plastic with sand, offering a substitute for conventional bricks. The primary challenge lies in managing plastic waste, particularly as continued reuse of PET bottles carries the risk of carcinogenic transformation, with only a small percentage currently being recycled. To address this issue, PET bottles are meticulously cleaned and combined with fine aggregate (sand) at various ratios (3:7, 2:3, 1:1) to produce high-quality brick blocks with excellent thermal and acoustic insulation properties. This environmentally friendly approach tackles the non-biodegradability problem of plastics while reducing the overall cost of construction and pollution. The resulting bricks exhibit high compressive strength, minimal water absorption, and thermal resistance, rendering them suitable for diverse applications. Increasing the sand-to-plastic ratio enhances the strength of the bricks, ensuring durability with minimal water absorption and no efflorescence. This method shows promise in recycling plastic waste and mitigating its environmental impact. Furthermore, various tests including split tensile strength test, penetration test, and specific gravity were conducted to validate the efficacy of the approach. Key Word: PET (polyethylene terephthalate), compressive strength, water absorption, split tensile strength test, efflorescence, specific gravity test

Lodo do Curtimento de couro em Argamassa: Valorização Sustentável

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the valorisation of sludge from Leather Tannery Wastewater Treatment Plants (LTWWTP) by incorporating it into cement mortars. Theoretical framework: The substantial quantity of waste generated by industries coupled with the scarcity of natural resources calls for the analysis, development, and implementation of treatment methods to recover and reuse materials, thereby minimising the environmental impact of waste disposal. The leather tanning industry, a significant polluter due to its use of hazardous and heavy materials, requires sustainable solutions for waste management. One promising approach is the incorporation of waste into cementitious matrices. Method: Three scenarios were examined: low-moisture sludge, ash obtained via incineration, and wet oxidation. Test specimens were prepared with varying proportions of cement replacement (0, 3, 5, 7, and 10%), and their flexural and compressive strengths were evaluated. Additionally, chemical analyses were conducted to assess solubility. Results and Conclusion: The results indicate that sludge can be used in small proportions without compromising the mechanical strength of the mortar. Substituting 10% cement with ash using the INC-2 incineration method improved mortar quality, exhibiting a higher compressive strength of 41 MPa and minimal water absorption (3.28%). Research implications: Drawing from these promising findings, it can be confidently asserted that utilising WWTP sludge in mortar is a practical, eco-conscious solution for civil construction. Furthermore, it is a pivotal step towards addressing the challenge of hazardous sludge disposal. Originality/value: The findings from this research will contribute to sustainable waste management practices and pave the way for responsible and eco-friendly utilisation of industrial waste in cementitious materials, thus minimising environmental burdens.

Salivary and urinary assessment of fluoride and silver ion concentrations after silver diamine fluoride application in children: a prospective cohort study.

The purpose of the study was to determine the fluoride (F) and silver (Ag) ions levels in the saliva and urine of healthy children after silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application on dental carious lesions. Sixty children (4-6years with ≥ 3 caries lesions) were recruited from the outpatient department of Pediatric Dentistry. From each child, 3ml unstimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline, one hour, and 24h after SDF application. Similarly, 3ml urine samples were collected prior to and after 24h of SDF application. F and Ag ion concentrations were determined by fluoride ion-selective electrode (ISE) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), respectively. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) baseline, 1-h, and 24-h salivary F concentrations (ppm) were 0.07 ± 0.07, 0.93 ± 0.48, and 0.19 ± 0.19, respectively, while the mean baseline and 24-h urinary F concentrations (ppm) were 0.33 ± 0.20ppm and 0.43 ± 0.25ppm, respectively. The mean baseline, 1-h, and 24-h salivary Ag concentrations (ppb) were 4.22 ± 3.15, 4198 ± 350, and 56.93 ± 37, respectively. The mean baseline and 24-h urinary Ag concentrations (ppb) were 2.80 ± 2.93ppb and 4.72 ± 4.0ppb, respectively. There were statistically elevated F and Ag ion concentrations at 1h and 24h after SDF application as compared to the baseline. Salivary and urinary F and Ag ions concentrations elevated significantly at 24h following SDF applications in children. A significant high recovery of these ions in urine indicates minimal systemic absorption, thus intermittent topical application of 38% SDF has a minimal risk of toxicity.

Comprehensive study of structural, elastic, electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of Rb2NaTlZ6 (Z = Cl, Br, and I) by DFT

The investigation focused on examining the structural, optical, elastic, and thermoelectric properties of the developing double perovskites Rb2NaTlZ6 (Z = Cl, Br, and I). The cubic phase of the investigated halide double perovskites (HDPs) was confirmed, based on the tolerance factor (τ) metrics of 0.853, 0.845, and 0.835, respectively. The thermodynamic stability of HDPs was evidenced by the negative formation energies. The mechanical stability, ductility, and anisotropic characteristics of the material under investigation are determined by its elastic parameters. The existence of a direct band gap (Eg) has been confirmed by density of states and electronic band gap calculations. The determined values for the band gap are 3.4, 2.6, and 2.1 eV, respectively. The current study centers on examining the absorption of light energy, refractive index, polarization, and optical loss across the complete energy spectra spanning between 0 and 10 eV. The spectral features revealed their appropriateness for photovoltaic energy systems due to the absorption unfolding within the UV spectrum. The thermoelectric properties, as assessed by using the BoltzTraP code, indicated that the highest ZT values obtained for both materials were 0.63, 0.63, and 0.71, respectively. Although these materials exhibit minimal optical absorption in the visible along with significant optical absorption in the ultraviolet region and possess a moderate ZT value, it is imperative to explore effective techniques for tuning the energy band gap to augment the thermoelectric and material's spectral properties. Therefore, this modification renders it more appropriate for experimental and practical utilization in the field of energy production.

Biodegradability and Water Absorption of Macadamia Nutshell Powder-Reinforced Poly(lactic Acid) Biocomposites

This study investigates the biodegradability and water absorption properties of Macadamia nutshell powder and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) biocomposites using a Design of Experiments (DOE) approach. The influences of processing methods, the Macadamia nutshell powder’s weight content, and the powder’s condition are studied. A biodegradability test is performed in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D5338-11 by burying the test specimens in wet garden soil at a controlled temperature of 50 °C and 100% humidity. The specimens obtained by counter-rotating processing exhibit varying weight loss patterns with an increasing powder weight content, while the specimens obtained by co-rotating processing demonstrate consistent behaviour. This study highlights the complex nature of PLA biodegradation, which is affected by diverse factors such as test conditions and environments, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of the sustainability implications. A water absorption test is carried out in accordance with ASTM D570-98. It is shown that the water absorption characteristics are predominantly determined by the hydrophilic nature of Macadamia nutshells, with an increased powder weight content leading to higher absorption. Pure PLA, due to its hydrophobic nature, exhibits minimal water absorption. By unravelling the complexities of PLA biodegradation and water absorption in Macadamia nutshell and PLA biocomposites, this study not only advances the understanding of materials’ behaviour but also underscores the potential sustainability implications of utilizing natural resources in composite materials. This research contributes valuable insights to the broader discourse on environmentally friendly materials and their role in promoting sustainable practices.

A multi-modal microscope for integrated mapping of cellular forces and Brillouin scattering with high resolution

Mechanical forces and stiffness play key roles in the health and development of cells and tissue, but despite the physical connection between these quantities, they cannot be monitored in parallel in most cases. Here, we introduce a fully integrated microscope that combines a method for high-resolution cell force imaging (elastic resonator interference stress microscopy, ERISM) with non-contact mapping of the elastic properties of cells (via Brillouin microscopy). In order to integrate both techniques, we had to account for the strong back reflection on the surface of the microcavity used for ERISM measurements as well as the local destruction of the cavity under illumination for Brillouin microscopy measurements. Therefore, we developed an elastic optical microcavity with minimal absorption that can perform ERISM measurements without sustaining laser damage during Brillouin microscopy. Furthermore, an unequal-arm Michelson interferometer was designed to suppress the back reflection of the laser on the ERISM microcavity surface using division by amplitude interference to reduce the reflected light and enhance the Brillouin signal. We show the utility of our integrated microscope by simultaneously mapping cellular forces and Brillouin shifts in cultures of fibroblast cells.

Synthesis of Hybrid Composites from Bio-Based Fillers: Chicken Feather, Groundnut Shell, Sawdust

Experimental research has investigated the mechanical characteristics and water absorption performance of polyethylene-based composites reinforced with sawdust, chicken feathers and groundnut shells. Composite samples have been produced with preset volumetric ratios (20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) at 160°C and 25 kN pressure. A compression molding machine was used to produce specimens of composite materials. The findings indicate that the composites exhibit promising mechanical properties, making them potentially suitable for various applications. However, the waste polyethylene sheet was tested for comparison. It displayed a tensile strength of 7.56 MPa, impact strength with an average energy absorption of 0.093 J, and hardness strength with an average energy value of 92.72 J. The water absorbency data showed minimal water absorption for composite samples, indicating their resistance to water penetration. Similarly, the thickness swelling data revealed no significant change in thickness after immersion, demonstrating dimensional stability in the presence of moisture. This article presents the details of these experiments conducted systematically.

Physical Properties of Polymer Concrete Utilizing Pahae Natural Zeolite, Corn Husk Fiber, and Polyurethane Resin Adhesives

This study aimed to determine the optimum composition in the manufacture of polymer concrete using Pahae natural zeolite, corn husk fiber, and polyurethane resin adhesives. This study used the hot-press method at 170℃ for 30 minutes. The compositions of zeolite and corn husk fiber tested were varied under three different additions of polyurethane resin of 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g, while the composition of sand was fixed at 60 g. The inclusion of corn husk fiber content reduces the density of the concrete and increases the porosity and water absorption. The physical properties analysis showed that the polymer concrete samples showed the highest density was 1.89 g/cm3 from 20 g of polyurethane resin and no addition of corn husk fiber; the highest porosity was 6.15% from 15 g of polyurethane resin and 10 g of corn husk fiber; and the highest water absorption was 5.85% from 15 g of polyurethane resin and 10 g of corn husk fiber. Because improved material quality and durability are linked to reduced water absorption rates in polymer concrete, the most favorable composition with minimal water absorption (0.51%) came from the sample utilizing 20 grams of polyurethane resin without incorporating corn husk fiber.

Fluorescence Enhancement in Topologically Optimized Gallium Phosphide All-Dielectric Nanoantennas.

Nanoantennas capable of large fluorescence enhancement with minimal absorption are crucial for future optical technologies from single-photon sources to biosensing. Efficient dielectric nanoantennas have been designed, however, evaluating their performance at the individual emitter level is challenging due to the complexity of combining high-resolution nanofabrication, spectroscopy and nanoscale positioning of the emitter. Here, we study the fluorescence enhancement in infinity-shaped gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoantennas based on a topologically optimized design. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), we probe the nanoantennas enhancement factor and observe an average of 63-fold fluorescence brightness enhancement with a maximum of 93-fold for dye molecules in nanogaps between 20 and 50 nm. The experimentally determined fluorescence enhancement of the nanoantennas is confirmed by numerical simulations of the local density of optical states (LDOS). Furthermore, we show that beyond design optimization of dielectric nanoantennas, increased performances can be achieved via tailoring of nanoantenna fabrication.

Investigation of the influence of Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) on the low-velocity impact behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites

This study explores the impact of incorporating Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) nanoparticles on the low-velocity impact (LVI) behavior of carbon fiber (CF) laminate epoxy nanocomposites. The objective of this investigation was to observe the effects of different nanotube loadings (0.5[Formula: see text]wt.% and 0.7[Formula: see text]wt.%) on CF composites and assess their impact resistance. To achieve this, the CF was subjected to Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) process to introduce the HNTs. Vacuum-assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VaRTM) was employed to fabricate the CF-reinforced epoxy-based laminated nanocomposites with incorporated HNTs. LVI tests were conducted following the ASTM-D-7136 standard, utilizing impact energies of 10[Formula: see text]J and 15[Formula: see text]J. Subsequently, the damaged areas within the composites were examined using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The findings of this investigation revealed a significant enhancement in impact damage resistance with the addition of HNTs. The highest damage resistance and minimal energy absorption were observed at a loading of 0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% HNTs. The results reveal that incorporating 0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% HNTs substantially reduces delamination damage, influenced by absorbed impact energy. As well it composite underscores enhanced interlaminar bonding through 0.5[Formula: see text]wt.% and 0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% HNTs modification. Hence, we confidently assert that the addition of HNTs nanoparticles to CF/epoxy composites has considerably influenced the impact response of the nanocomposites.

How can solar panels collectors enhance energy efficiency? Utilization of the novel optimization techniques

Abstract Solar energy, which is widely acknowledged for its economic feasibility and sustainable nature, functions as a critical substitute for finite fossil fuels, effectively alleviating ecological consequences. The purpose of this study is to investigate the implementation of solar collectors as a means of harnessing the ample and unaltered solar radiation in Iran, specifically in locations situated within the solar belt. The incorporation of solar energy not only aids in the expansion of energy sources through diversification but also mitigates the rising expenses linked to fossil fuels. The preservation of natural resources, coupled with limited renewable energy options, further accentuates the importance of solar energy. The optimization of solar panel collector angles in photovoltaic systems assumes paramount importance for maximizing energy efficiency. This study, conducted in Yazd, Iran, utilized innovative mathematical and particle swarm optimization (PSO) models to assess ideal inclination angles. Results indicate peak solar energy absorption during June and July, contrasting with minimal absorption in January. The Klein model prescribes inclination angles based on γ values, while the PSO algorithm determines optimal slope and azimuth angles across various periods. Significant enhancements in energy generation, ranging from 23.24 to 25.02% across optimization models, were observed compared to a horizontal surface. These findings underscore the imperative of optimizing solar panel placement in urban settings to augment energy generation. Utilizing the optimal orientation for the photovoltaic power supply system can result in an annual reduction of 1169.6 kg of CO2 emissions in the building, emphasizing the positive environmental impact achievable through strategic solar panel configurations.

Low‐temperature‐curable and photo‐patternable benzocyclobutene‐derived aggregation‐induced emission‐active polymer dielectrics

AbstractThe high curing temperatures required for traditional benzocyclobutene (BCB) materials have posed limitations on their applicability in high‐temperature‐sensitive fields. To address this challenge, our work focuses on the synthesis of a novel tetraphenylethylene (TPE)‐functionalized BCB monomer, TPE–BCB, achieved through the introduction of an ether bond onto the BCB's four‐membered ring via Williamson reaction. TPE–BCB demonstrates remarkable low‐temperature curing properties, characterized by a ring‐opening peak temperature of 190°C, representing a reduction of 60°C compared to conventional BCBs. Fully cured TPE–BCB resins exhibit exceptional dielectric and mechanical properties, coupled with minimal water absorption. Additionally, the incorporation of TPE with aggregation‐induced emission characteristics enhances the resins’ luminescence and photolithographic capabilities. Notably, our TPE–BCB resins achieve impressive photolithography performance with a resolution ratio of up to 10 μm. In contrast to conventional BCB‐functionalized resins, TPE–BCB offers the dual advantage of low‐temperature curing and luminescence. This development marks a significant step in the advancement of low‐temperature curing BCB materials and serves as a pioneering example in the realm of multilayer wafer bonding materials.

Острый тонзиллофарингит: возможности комбинированного лечения

Acute sore throat is a prevalent concern among patients visiting medical specialists and pharmacies alike. The primary etiology is commonly a combination of acute tonsillitis, characterized by inflammation of the palatine tonsils, and acute pharyngitis, involving inflammation of the posterior and lateral pharyngeal walls. Typically, systemic antibiotic therapy is not necessary for managing these cases. The predominant treatment approach involves the prescription of topical antiseptics delivered through lozenges and sprays. Each formulation, along with its active constituents, has specific attributes that must be considered during treatment tactics. Topical antiseptic therapy offers several benefits, including direct efficacy at the site of inflammation, minimal systemic absorption, and a low potential for developing microbial resistance. A rational therapeutic strategy involves using a combination of ambazone lozenges, which exert a bacteriostatic effect against various pathogenic microorganisms responsible for acute tonsillopharyngitis, and benzydamine spray, which provides a complementary topical anti-inflammatory action to enhance ambazone's antimicrobial properties. This combination effectively targets multiple aspects of the pathological process, offering a well-rounded therapeutic advantage. The article supports the strategic implementation of this combination therapy KEYWORDS: sore throat, pharyngitis, tonsillopharyngitis, ambazone, benzydamine, topical therapy. FOR CITATION: Filippova O.V. Acute tonsillopharyngitis: possibilities of combined treatment. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(8):477–483 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-8-6.

ROS/pH dual-responsive quercetin-loaded guanosine borate supramolecular hydrogel enema in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that predominantly impacts the colon, typically starting in the rectum. A significant characteristic of UC is its propensity to affect the distal colon, which is particularly beneficial for targeted treatments such as enemas. This localized approach ensures that the medication is delivered directly to the affected areas, resulting in minimal systemic absorption. In this research, we have formulated a novel stimuli-responsive quercetin-loaded guanosine borate supramolecular hydrogel (named GBQ hydrogel), designed to prolong the residence time of the drug and protect the ulcerated intestinal tissues. The GBQ hydrogel has exhibited excellent injectability, self-healing capabilities, and biocompatibility, rendering it an ideal candidate for enema administration. In vitro studies have highlighted its ROS/pH dual-responsive release profile, which mimics the microenvironment of intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, we assessed the efficacy of the GBQ hydrogel on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, a common animal model for UC. Our findings indicate that the GBQ hydrogel significantly reduces disease activity, mitigates oxidative stress, restores the intestinal mucosal barrier, and prevents colonic cell apoptosis. Collectively, this study underscores the therapeutic potential of the GBQ hydrogel in managing inflammatory bowel conditions and paves the way for a novel hydrogel enema-based treatment strategy for UC.