Mindful Attention Awareness Research Articles

Feasibility and effectiveness study of applying a hallucinogen harm reduction and integration model to a mindfulness thinking intervention using virtual reality: A randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a virtual reality (VR) program designed and developed based on the hallucinogenic harm reduction and integration (PHRI) clinical model could be more effective in guiding positive thinking training, improving positive thinking awareness and ability, and, to some extent, facilitating personal efficacy and emotional state compared to a traditional VR program that places users in a virtual natural ecological environment to guide positive thinking training. We also sought to understand the factors that may influence the effectiveness of VR interventions and user experience. Seventy-six randomly recruited participants were divided into a control group and an experimental group of 38 participants, each according to a random number table, and were trained in VR meditation for eight weeks. The experimental group used a PHRI-based mindfulness program, while the control group used a traditional mindfulness meditation program. We used The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and the PAD emotional three-dimensional scale to assess the level of state mindfulness and changes in the emotional state before and at the end of the experiment. The Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire measured the user's sense of presence and immersion in the virtual environment. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaires and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used at the baseline assessment stage before and at the 4-week follow-up after the experiment to assess the change in trait mindfulness levels due to the mindfulness training. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaires and the DASS-21 were used to assess changes in mindfulness and mental health trait levels. At the end of the experiment, the MMSQ score was significantly lower in the control group than in the experimental group, while the ITQ score was significantly higher than in the experimental group, and both scores were statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the follow-up assessment four weeks after the end of the experiment, the FFMQ-15 score and the DASS-21 were significantly and statistically higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Since the scores of the PAD scale did not obey a normal distribution, we used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess the results, which proved that the experimental group had higher levels of emotional activation and arousal. The VR positive thinking program developed based on PHRI can significantly increase the positive thinking state and emotional arousal and activation of the general population participants but does not directly lead to the growth of positive emotions. Moreover, this detached psychedelic scene brings users a weaker sense of presence and presence than traditional natural space scenes. Furthermore, it does not bring any intense simulator motion sickness symptoms. These findings suggest that VR programs developed based on PHRI have a more positive facilitation effect on the positive state and that this increase lasts longer than conventional VR-positive programs.

The Relationship between Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers’ Self-Compassion and Self-Regulation: The Moderating Effect of Mindfulness

Teacher characteristics are one indicator which might affect teachers’ teaching practices. The current study was focused on several characteristics that might have an effect on teaching practices. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between self-compassion skills, self-regulation skills, and mindfulness scores of pre-service early childhood teachers and reveal the moderator function of mindfulness in the relationship between self-compassion and self-regulation skills. To accomplish this aim, correlational research method was used and multiple regression analysis was applied to data collected from 213 pre-service teachers. Data were collected through four different instruments: “Personal Information Form, Self-Compassion Scale, Self-Regulation Questionnaire, and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale.” As a result, a significant relationship between self-compassion and self-regulation skills and a statistically significant relationship between self-compassion skills and mindfulness scores were found. Also, a statistically significant relationship between self-regulation skills and mindfulness scores was revealed. Finally, a moderator effect on the relationship between self-regulation and self-compassion skills of participants was discovered. As a result of the consideration of the related literature, the importance of mindfulness practices for pre-service teachers will be highlighted.

Pengelolaan Diri dan Regulasi Emosi dengan Pendekatan Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Kelompok pada Gangguan Mood

Various interventions have been researched that are capable of reducing symptoms of mood disorders, including DBT (Goldstein et al., 2015; Van Dijk et al., 2013). In addition to individual interventions, group therapy interventions have also been widely used and proven to be effective in reducing symptoms of Bipolar disorder in participants (Costa et al., 2012; Rebeca et al., 2020). This study aims to examine the effectiveness of group therapy using a DBT approach on the emotional regulation and self-control of individuals with mood disorders. Group therapy was conducted on ten individuals with mood disorders. The Brief Self-Control Scale and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale were used as tools for quantitative data collection.Meanwhile, observation and interviews were conducted to assess group therapy's effectiveness qualitatively. The hypothesis testing results indicate no significant correlation between the two variables. These findings are helpful for the development of psychological interventions for individuals with mood disorders in Indonesia.

Mindfulness, Psychological Well-being, Social Media Use, and Internet Use Time among Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling

Objective: Psychological well-being is a concept associated with mindfulness and the use of social media. Limited information is available in the literature on the nature of this relationship and the underlying intermediary mechanisms. We also aimed to determine the mediator role of social media use and time spent online in the association between mindfulness and psychological well-being. &#x0D; Method: This study included 429 teenagers. Data was collected through introductory information form, social media use scale, psychological well-being scale, and mindful attention awareness scale. Structural equation modeling method was used in the analysis of the data. &#x0D; Results: A significant positive correlation was found between mindfulness and psychological well-being, and a significant negative correlation was found between mindfulness and time spent online. Social media use did not play a mediator’s role in the correlation between mindfulness and psychological well-being, while the daily time spent online played a mediator’s role. &#x0D; Conclusion: As mindfulness increases in adolescents, psychological well-being increases and the time spent on the internet decreases. While the use of social media does not have a mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being, the time spent on the internet has a mediating effect. Future research should be conducted with different groups and variables on the impact of social media use on psychological well-being and mindfulness.

The Development of Motorcycle Accident Models Based on Riders’ Characters

Human errors have commonly been perceived as the dominant cause of accidents. Different individuals may behave differently towards certain situations, leading to accidents. This study aims to model the relationship between the riders’ personalities, riding performance, and the probability of being involved in an accident. Adding mindfulness as a mediating variable and demographic factors as moderating variables are also essential points to developing the model. The Big Five Inventory (BFI) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used to measure the respondents' traits, while the Honda Riding Trainer (HRT) was used as a simulation tool. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis shows that only the neuroticism variable significantly predicts mindfulness and riding performance. The openness and conscientiousness variables only significantly predicted mindfulness, while agreeableness is the only Big Five personality that significantly predicted riding performance. The results also show that although the mindfulness (M) variable in this study has not been able to become a mediating variable, it is strong enough as an exogenous variable for riding performance. The logistic regression analysis found that the worse the rider's performance, the greater the chance of an accident. Female riders are more than twice as likely to have an accident as male riders. These results indicate the need to research road safety that is differentiated by sex and its characteristics based on it. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-018 Full Text: PDF

AGING AND WELL-BEING: TESTING MINDFULNESS AS A MEDIATOR AND RESILIENCE AS A MODERATOR IN A NIGERIAN SAMPLE

Abstract The mediating role of mindfulness on the relationship between age and affect (both positive and negative) has been established in Western samples. However, these associations have not been well considered within additional cultural contexts. The present study examined whether mindfulness mediates the relationship between increased age and both positive (PA) and negative (NA) affect. We also took an exploratory approach to assess the strength and direction of the age-affect relationship as a function of resilience. Participants were 242 (95 women, age range = 18-75 years, Mage = 41.79; SDage = 13.58) adults, affiliated with the University of Nigeria-Nsukka, who completed the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Brief Resilience Scale, and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale through Qualtrics. Separate moderated-mediation analyses were conducted for PA and NA. For the PA model, the only significant association was between age and mindfulness, with higher age predicting increased self-reported mindfulness. For the NA model, higher self-reported mindfulness predicted lower levels of NA. When NA was simultaneously regressed on age and mindfulness, the direct effect between age and NA was non-significant, but the indirect effect of age on NA through mindfulness was significant, suggesting that the association between age and negative affect was mediated by mindfulness. Resilience did not provide a significant moderating influence in the PA and NA models. The present findings suggest that older adults may experience diminished levels of negative affect due to an increased capacity for mindfulness. Hence, mindfulness-based interventions may be helpful in improving the well-being of older populations.

Mindfulness and negative emotions among Chinese college students: chain mediation effect of rumination and resilience.

This study examines the mediation effect of rumination and resilience between the relationship of mindfulness and negative emotions in Chinese college students. A total of 3,038 college students (19.94 ± 1.10) were investigated by Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MASS), Rumination Response Style Scale (RRS), Resilience Scale (RES) and Depression-anxiety-pressure scale (DASS-21), and the mediation analyses were conducted by adopting PROCESS macro in the SPSS software. ① Mindfulness was negatively associated with rumination and negative emotions (r = -0.69, -0.72; P < 0.01), and positively associated with resilience (r = 0.63, P < 0.01). Rumination was negatively associated with resilience (r = -0.59, P < 0.01), and positively associated with negative emotions (r = 0.83, P < 0.01). Resilience was negatively associated with negative emotions (r = -0.71, P < 0.01). ② Mindfulness can not only directly predict negative emotions (95%CI, -0.12~-0.09) but also affects negative emotions through three indirect paths: Rumination was a mediator (95%CI, -0.24~-0.20), resilience was a mediator (95%CI, -0.07~-0.06), and resilience and rumination were a chain mediator (95%CI, -0.04 ~ -0.03). Mindfulness not only influences negative emotions directly, but also through the mediating effect of rumination and resilience indirectly.

Impact of an online training tool on individual and organizational resilience and mindfulness among radiological personnel in Norway

BackgroundHeavy workloads and increasing demands for productivity have contributed to rising rates of stress and burnout among radiological staff. Different forms of mindfulness and resilience-training might assist with stress management and protect these employees against burnout.AimThe objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of an online training tool on individual and organizational resilience, mindfulness and quality of care.MethodsAn online questionnaire was used, consisting of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Benchmark Resilience Tool, and questions pertaining to quality, safety, and burnout (baseline = 68 participants between July 2022 - October 2022, follow-up = 13 participants between November 2022 - February 2023). Descriptive statistics and a paired-sampled t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results and conclusionsFew participants reported completing any of the exercises. The baseline group had significantly higher mean resilience (p = 0.018) and mindfulness scores (p = < 0.001), mean decrease in scores was 7.46 for resilience and 1.7 for mindfulness. In conclusion, both individual and organizational resilience are perceived as low among radiological personnel in Norway. However, it does not seem to affect quality and safety.

PENGARUH TRAIT MINDFULNESS TERHADAP COMPULSIVE BUYING PADA PENGGUNA SHOPEE USIA DEWASA AWAL

Compulsive buying is a shopping behavior that is carried out by individuals but is detrimental with negative impulses that are carried out repeatedly to eliminate feelings of temporary satisfaction. Therefore, mindfulness is needed for individuals to realize the necessary actions. This study aims to determine the effect of mindfulness on compulsive buying in shopee users in early adulthood. The population in this study are shopee users who are in their early adulthood. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling with a total of 211 participants. The study was conducted using the Edwards Compulsive Buying Scale (ECBS) and The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The results show that there is an influence of positive mindfulness on compulsive buying, which means that the more individuals have a high mindfulness trait, the more aware they will be of the psychological condition they are experiencing, in this case the difficulties they experience, so they find ways to reduce the pressure by compulsive buying behavior temporary.

Implementing Affordable Virtual Reality Interventions for Older Adults in Latin America: A Feasibility Study

Introduction:Virtual Reality (VR)-based meditation has shown to help reduce, stress, anxiety, sadness, and anger in younger adults. However, this has not been extensively studied in older adults. Furthermore, there are no standard guidelines on how VR mindfulness interventions should be implemented to ensure successful outcomes in different cultures and languages. The availability of affordable hardware raises the possibility of VR being used in low-income countries. The goal of this study is to describe and highlight some key considerations and challenges when implementing low-cost VR mindfulness interventions with older adults in Quito, Ecuador.Methods:We created a guided mindfulness intervention using low-cost VR (smartphones and Destek V5 headsets) for older adults with anxiety in Quito, Ecuador. This project is a collaboration between the Technology and Aging Lab at McLean Hospital and the Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador. Our goal was to recruit 20 older adults with anxiety from various outpatient settings in Quito. We used the free “Sites in VR” app and selected different nature scenes for each intervention. The intervention consists of a total of 10 sessions each lasting 30 minutes. We assessed depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and anxiety with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). In addition, we also administered the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Behavior Activation for Depression scale (BADS).Results:At the time of writing, we have reached 100% of our recruitment goal and anticipate completing data analysis by January 2023. Qualitatively, our intervention revealed barriers to designing scalable VR Spanish language interventions in Latin America. Some of the main difficulties we encountered are described below: (i) There are very few virtual reality videos (360° videos) that are available for use with the DesTeK VS VR Headset in Spanish. We therefore, used a standardized Spanish narration to guide the mindfulness practice based on a script used in the United States. (ii) We found that majority of the available content is not suitable for mindfulness. Using the application Sites in VR remedied this concern, as it provides static 360° images, suitable for mindfulness. (iii) Not all technology necessary for VR interventions is readily available in Latin America: smartphones sold in Latin America do not always have a gyroscope sensor.Conclusion:Mindfulness interventions using virtual reality may be an effective way to address stress and mood symptoms in older adults across cultures. However, there are many culture-specific aspects that must be addressed before applying these interventions in different cultures. This study, conducted in Latin America, is an initial step toward the establishment of best practices and standardized low-cost VR mindfulness intervention in older adults, and many aspects addressed here may be generalizable to other cultures, settings, and countries.

Exploring Zentangle as a virtual mindfulness-based art intervention for people with serious mental illness

IntroductionZentangle is an emerging art intervention that incorporates mindfulness into creative drawing. This pilot study explored Zentangle as a novel adjunct treatment for people with serious mental illness (SMI).MethodsSix participants with SMI completed an 8-week Zentangle program. Psychiatric outcomes were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Scale (Q-LES-Q-SF). A focus group was conducted to better understand the experiences of the participants.ResultsA significant reduction in psychiatric symptoms was observed as measured by the total score on the BPRS between baseline and 5-week post-intervention (40.7 ± 9.1 vs. 33.7 ± 8.9, mean ± SD, p = 0.02). Participants also showed a significant increase in mindful attention using the average score on the MAAS between 1- and 5-week post-intervention (3.5 ± 0.4 vs. 4.2 ± 0.7, mean ± SD, p = 0.04). Four themes were generated from the focus group: (1) approaching mindfulness through Zentangle; (2) power of uncomplicated art creation; (3) understanding the value of self-appreciation; and (4) fostering a positive environment.DiscussionOur preliminary data suggest that the use of Zentangle for participants with SMI may have a positive impact on overall psychiatric symptoms and mindfulness. Moreover, the Zentangle Method encourages positive emotions like gratitude and self-accomplishment to counteract negative feelings of self-criticism and failure in participants.

Educating psychiatric mental health didactic and clinical nursing students on mindfulness activities utilizing the calm mobile application

Background and aim: Stress can develop when an individual becomes overwhelmed with appointed tasks and nursing students are not exempt from this reaction when experiencing academic pressure. Nursing students can learn appropriate ways to decrease stress through coping strategies. The study aimed to educate nursing students about the coping strategy mindfulness through the utilization of the Calm mobile application (Calm), decreasing stress, and increasing the awareness and utilization of mindfulness.Methods: The purpose of the Quality Improvement (QI) project was to educate nursing students on mindfulness as a coping strategy through supplemental resource videos and the usage of Calm. Students completed a pre-/post-survey modeled after the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale with an addition of three qualitative questions.Results: At the start of the project, 99% of students practiced mindfulness through Calm, 0-15 minutes a week while at the end of the project, 46% of students practiced mindfulness through Calm, 15-60 minutes a week. Pre-project implementation, 19% of students agreed that Calm is useful in the practice of mindfulness while post-project implementation, 44% of students agreed that Calm is useful. A Paired t-test was conducted regarding mindfulness awareness and showed 95% confidence with a pre-mean of 3.2 and a post-mean of 3.6. A difference of 0.4 between both pre-post-means resulting in a significant increase after intervention.Conclusions: The QI project was successful in increasing the awareness and utilization of mindfulness and in educating nursing students about the coping strategy mindfulness which can decrease stress.

Mindfulness and clinical correlates in methamphetamine use disorder

BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions are increasingly used for the treatment of substance use disorders, including methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Literature indicates that trait mindfulness may play a key role in the effectiveness of these treatments on therapeutic outcome, yet no prior studies have tested for differences in trait mindfulness between individuals with MUD and healthy control participants. Such differences are important for treatment implementation. ObjectivesThe goals of this study were to evaluate trait mindfulness and to determine its clinical correlates in individuals with MUD. MethodsA group of participants with MUD at varying lengths of abstinence from methamphetamine (< 1h to 90 days; mean 5.4 ± 12.5 days; N=95, 53 female, 42 male) and a healthy control group (N=65, 30 female, 35 male) completed the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Group differences and relationships between trait mindfulness and several measures of drug use and psychiatric symptoms were evaluated. ResultsIn participants with MUD, trait mindfulness was 10% lower than in healthy controls (p < 0.001), but it was not significantly correlated with measures of drug use or craving. Across both groups, trait mindfulness was negatively correlated with state anxiety, depression, emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and a history of childhood trauma, while it was positively correlated with self-compassion (ps < 0.001). ConclusionThe deficit in trait mindfulness in MUD presents a capacity that can be targeted for improved treatment outcome with mindfulness-based therapies. Trait mindfulness is inversely related to mood dysregulation.

Effect of six-week short-duration deep breathing on young adults with chronic ankle instability-a pilot randomized control trial

BackgroundChronic ankle instability (CAI) is the most common injury in youth sports, which leads to psychological stress from doubting their performance. Cost effective and easy to access tool to reduce the stress among this target group are desired. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding on intervention with short-duration deep breathing (SDDB) alongside with conventional physiotherapy (CP) among young adults with chronic ankle instability (CAI).MethodsTotal of 30 CAI participants attended physiotherapy, who were randomly assigned into control and experimental groups. The participants in the experimental group received combined intervention (SDDB + CP), and the control group received CP for 6 weeks. The effectiveness of interventions was assessed at 3 intervals with a battery of questionnaires (Visual Analog Score, Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire) at the end of week 3, week 6, and week 12 as follow-up. A two-way repeated measures of ANOVA was applied to report the statistical significance at p < 0.05.ResultsThe results showed a better improvement in pain, balance, happiness, and mindfulness attention among participants in the experimental group, with a significant improvement in mindful attention over the time point as compared to the control group.ConclusionThe findings provide insight into incorporating SDDB additions to the existing CP for better CAI management. Breathing techniques that improve attention and happiness play a vital role in CAI, which recommends the biopsychosocial approach in chronic injury rehabilitation.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials using Clinical Trials Registry under ID number NCT04812158 retrospectively registered on 23/03/2021.

The Relationship between Self-Awareness and Humility in Generation Z in Kayuroya Village, Minahasa Regency

Generation Z is a generation that has grown up in an era of rapid modern technology. This has triggered changes in the way Generation Z thinks and acts, including in terms of values and character. Self-awareness and humility are two characters that are considered important to build in shaping a good personality in generation Z. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-awareness and humility in generation Z in Kayuroya village, Minahasa Regency. This study used a quantitative approach. The population amounted to 90 people by looking at the Isaac and Michael sample size determination table for an error rate of 10%, the sample amounted to 68 people. Self-awareness was measured using an awareness scale based on Brown and Ryan's (2003) theory or The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Humility was measured using the humility scale from Jeffrey Charles Elliott (2010). Based on the research conducted, it is concluded that there is no relationship between self-awareness and humility in generation Z in Kayuroya village, Minahasa Regency where the empirical correlation coefficient (rxy) value is 0.397 ≥ 0.05 and the rcount value is -0.032 0.239. The percentage of self-awareness and humility in generation Z in Kayuroya village, Minahasa Regency is at a low level, where there are 42 respondents (61.8%) low self-awareness and 26 people (38.2%) high self-awareness, and 37 respondents (54.4%) low humility and 31 people (48.6%) have high humility

Childhood emotional abuse and gamebullying among Chinese youths: The mediating roles of mindfulness and Machiavellianism

This study investigated the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and gamebullying among youths, and the roles of mindfulness and Machiavellianism in that relationship. The study sample comprised 504 Chinese youths (female = 51.2%) who completed the Childhood Emotional Abuse Scale, Gamebullying Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Machiavellianism Scale. Path analysis results indicated a history of childhood emotional abuse to predict gamebullying. Mindfulness mediated the relationship with childhood emotional abuse to predict gamebullying to be lower. Machiavellianism mediated the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and gamebullying to be higher. In our sample, demographic variables, including gender and education, did not predict gamebullying. Younger youths had lower levels of gamebullying than older youths. These findings indicate a need to reduce gamebullying among youths with a history of adverse childhood events. Mindfulness healing can be used to lower the negative effects of gamebullying.

A comparative study on anxiety and mindful attention awareness between different levels of competence among badminton players

A comparative study on anxiety and mindful attention awareness between different levels of competence among badminton players

Attachment styles, emotion regulation difficulties and mindfulness in substance use disorder

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to evaluate attachment, emotion regulation, and mindfulness in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) in comparison to a control group (CG). Methods The study comprised 50 individuals with SUD and 50 healthy people. Addiction Profile Index (API) was applied to the patient group whereas a sociodemographic data form, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECRS), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and SCID-5 were applied to both groups. Results Age, education level, MAAS, ECRS, DERS scores showed statistically significant differences between the groups. Substance use and age, education level, ECRS (avoidant attachment) and DERS were shown to be significant in logistic regression analyses. Age, education level and MAAS demonstrated protective effects, while ECRS (avoidant attachment) and DERS showed weak predictors. MAAS was found to be negatively significant with a weak protective effect and determined that ECRS (anxious attachment) and DERS were positively significant and moderately predictive in the SUD severity. Conclusion It can be concluded that disordered attachment and emotion dysregulation may have a more pronounced effect on SUD and severity, while mindfulness may have a weaker efficacy with the evaluation of these variables, which may be important in terms of prevention and treatment.

Validation of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Bangla Using Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory

ObjectivesMindfulness-based interventions are common in contemporary mental health practices. Hence, the assessment of mindfulness is necessary during those interventions, and the 39-item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is one of the most frequently used tools. As there is a scarcity of mindfulness scales for Bangla-speaking people, we translated this questionnaire into Bangla and validated it with a Bangladeshi community sample.MethodWe collected data from 532 Bangladeshi adults (mean age = 30.22; SD = 5.19), of which 390 were females and 142 were males. The participants completed FFMQ-Bangla, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, Depression Scale, and Openness and Neuroticism sub-scales of the Big Five Personality Inventory. Item response theory–based analysis evaluated the item quality of the Bangla FFMQ. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) assessed the scale’s structural validity.ResultsItem response theory–based analysis discarded 10 items. Both CFA and ESEM supported the five-faceted model (CFA: CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.94; ESEM: CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.99) and indicated satisfactory reliability for the remaining 29-item scale (≥ 0.80). ESEM revealed two general components (self-regulated attention and orientation to experience) encompassing the five facets (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.93). All those facets exhibited positive correlations with the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and the Openness trait and negative correlations with Depression and the Neuroticism trait, revealing the scale’s concurrent validity.ConclusionsSince the FFMQ-Bangla has exhibited satisfactory reliability and structural and concurrent validity, we recommend that researchers and mental health practitioners use this scale to assess mindfulness among Bangla-speaking people.PreregistrationThis study is not preregistered.

Implementation of a pharmacy residency wellness program: Impact on burnout and mindfulness and lessons learned

Background and purposeAttention to wellness in the pharmacy workplace is occurring. To maintain accreditation, pharmacy residency programs must incorporate wellness and resilience initiatives. Educational activity and settingOrlando Health created a pharmacy residency wellness program for post-graduate year one (PGY-1) and post-graduate year two (PGY-2) pharmacy residents to address wellness and burnout. The wellness program included assignment of a mentor, development of a personal wellness plan, completion of monthly reflections, and wellness and resiliency training. FindingsPharmacy residents anonymously completed the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) at the beginning and end of the residency year. A total of nine pharmacy residents were eligible to participate in the wellness program. Eight residents completed the pre-survey, and seven residents completed the post-survey. No change was observed in the overall median OLBI score (pre-program = 35 [IQR 31.5–37.3] and post-program = 36 [IQR 31–37.5]; P = .683). Similar results were found on the OLBI for disengagement and exhaustion, correlating with low burnout risk. There was no change in the overall median MAAS score (pre-program = 3.7 [IQR 3.6–4.1] and post-program = 3.8 [IQR 3.5–3.9]; P = 1.000). Overall, feedback from the pharmacy residents after program completion was positive. SummaryPharmacy residents participating in the wellness program at our institution had low risk for burnout and a high level of mindfulness pre- and post-program completion. Pharmacy residents enjoyed participating in the wellness program and found the program to be valuable, supporting its continued implementation.