Mimosa Caesalpiniifolia Research Articles

Seedling Production in Eco-Friendly Tubes Manufactured with Beeswax and Cashew Nutshell

The disposal of polypropylene plastic tubes generated by producing seedlings of forest species promotes negative impacts on the environment and human health. These factors have motivated the search for biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the efficiency and quality of tubes made from particulate waste from cashew nut shells and beeswax in the development of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. The sustainable tubes were produced using a natural beeswax matrix with proportions of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% cashew nut particles. The chemical characterization of the material was performed. The tubes were made in a handmade cardboard mold and P80 wood sandpaper, 35 mm × 125 mm (diameter × length). The quality of the seedlings was evaluated using the Dickson quality index (DQI). The results showed that the cashew nutshell particles present in their chemical composition have values of 6.83 g kg−1 of nitrogen (N), 0.60 g kg−1 of phosphorus (P), and 1.93 g kg−1 of potassium (K). The quality assessment found that all biodegradable tubes had higher DQI values than polypropylene tubes, emphasizing the treatment with 40% of cashew peel particles, which showed a DQI of 0.14, while the polypropylene tube presented a value of 0.09. Therefore, biodegradable tubes seem a sustainable and efficient alternative for replacing polypropylene tubes in cultivating forest seedlings.

Relationship Between Age and Condensed Tannin Content in the Bark of Two Forest Species Grown in Northeast Brazil

Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the influence of tree age on the condensed tannins content in the bark of two forest species. Theoretical Framework: Tannins are phenolic compounds present in various parts of plants and have consolidated applications in the market. This way, silvicultural studies of different species with the potential to produce are relevant. Method: Barks of Azadirachta indica at 5, 6, and 7 years and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia at 6, 7, and 9 years were collected from an experimental plantation located in a forest area in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The barks were then air-dried and ground to obtain a material subjected to extraction. Total solids content, Stiasny index, and condensed tannin content were determined from the hot-water extracts. Results and Discussion: The condensed tannins content in A. indica bark did not vary as tree age increased, while for M. caesalpiniaefolia, the most productive age was determined to be six years old. Research Implications: The experimental approach showed that A. indica presented stable tannin content in the bark regardless of age, allowing continuous and flexible management to produce these extractives. In contrast, M. caesalpiniifolia presented condensed tannins, with their reactivity decreasing with age, indicating that younger trees are more suitable for high-quality extractions and commercial production. Originality/Value: Tannins content in Azadirachta indica bark remains stable over time, facilitating continuous management and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia bark, the concentration of tannins is higher in younger trees.

Critical levels and fertility classes of soils with high-activity clay in the Brazilian semi-arid region

ABSTRACT Soil fertility evaluation is important for adopting conservation management and adequate nutrient supply. The objective of this study was to identify critical levels and soil fertility classes using the boundary line method for rainfed crops (corn, cowpea and sabiá [Mimosa caesalpiniifolia]) in the Brazilian semi-arid region. A database of 226 soil fertility analyses of samples from the 0.00-0.20 m soil layer, and corn, cowpea and sabiá yields from Ceará State was used to generate interpretation classes (at 80 and 95 % of maximum yield). In a scatter plot, soil nutrient concentrations (x-axis) and relative crop yields (y-axis) were correlated, and the border points fitted to a quadratic model. Proposed interpretation classes were classified as very low, low, adequate, high and very high, except for Na + , whose adequate class was considered tolerable. Generated models showed coefficients of determination (R 2 ) for the chemical properties ranging from 0.54 to 0.92. Based on the interpretation classes, the critical level was determined as 6.3 for pH, 10.8 g dm -3 for OM, 20.9 mg dm -3 for P, 81 mg dm -3 for K, 55 mmol c dm -3 for Ca 2+ , 24 mmol c dm -3 for Mg 2+ and 8 mg dm -3 for S-SO 4 2- . Interpretation classes for soils with high-activity clay in the Brazilian semi-arid region were superior to those in the reference literature. Boundary line method established fertility classes and critical levels for soil chemical properties in more than one crop, using the concept of relative yield.

Can silvopasture with arboreal legumes increase root mass at deeper soil layers and improve soil aggregation?

AbstractSilvopastoral system (SPS) is a multifunctional agroforestry practice. This study evaluate soil properties and root biomass under SPS in Pernambuco, Brazil. The experiment was established in 2011. The treatments were (1) monoculture signalgrass (MS) [Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R. D. Webster], (2) intercropped pasture of signalgrass with legume Gliricidia (SG) [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud.], and (3) intercropped pasture of signalgrass with legume sabiá (SS) (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth). Treatments were allocated in randomized complete block design with three replications. Samples were collected at 0‐ to 10‐, 10‐ to 20‐, 20‐ to 40‐, 40‐ to 60‐, 60‐ to 80‐, 80‐ to 100‐, and 100‐ to 120‐cm soil depths. Soil samples were also taken from the native forest (NF) considered as a reference at the same Experimental Station. Legume SPS (SG and SS) presented greater root biomass per unit area compared to MS at 60‐ to 80‐cm depth (p < 0.05); however, MS had greater root biomass per hectare at the top layers. The average values of the weighted mean diameter of soil aggregates were 3.20, 3.19, 3.07, and 3.27 mm in MS, SG, SS, and NF, respectively, at 0‐ to 120‐cm depths. The SPS increased soil cation exchange capacity in deeper layers, indicating greater biological activity at greater depth. Grasslands and SPS store 235 Mg C ha−1 with 71% of that found in deeper layers (20–120 cm). SPS with signalgrass intercropped with arboreal legumes has potential to improve deep soil C storage and resilience of livestock systems in tropical regions.

Nutritive value and condensed tannins of tree legumes in silvopasture systems

Introducing legumes into C4-dominated tropical pastures, may enhance their sustainability but has some pasture management constraints. One potential alternative is using arboreal legumes, but several of these species have relatively high condensed tannin (CT) concentrations, which negatively impact forage quality. There is limited knowledge, however, on how arboreal legume leaf CT content varies over the year and how this might impact forage quality. The objective of this 2 year study was to assess the seasonal variation of CT and nutritive value for ruminants of the tropical tree legumes gliricidia [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex. Walp.] and mimosa (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth). The research was carried out in the sub-humid tropical region of Brazil on well-established pastures in which either legume was present with signalgrass (Urochloa decumbens Stapf.). We determined CT and nitrogen concentrations, in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM), and leaf δ13C and δ15N from January to October of 2017 and 2018. All parameters were affected (P < 0.05) by the interaction between legume species and sampling time, with generally higher leaf CT content for mimosa than gliricidia, and both were reduced at the start of the dry season, although much more drastically for mimosa. The IVDOM was strongly affected by CT content and increased at the start of the dry season, coincidentally when C4 grass forage quality typically decreased. There is a marked species effect, with CT from gliricidia impacting IVDOM more than the same CT content from mimosa. While N concentration from mimosa also increased at the start of the dry season, that for gliricidia did not vary over the year. We conclude that although these arboreal legumes have relatively high CT contents, these reduce during the dry season when CT concentrations coinciding with a reduced forage quality as the protein content for C4 grasses is usually inadequate in this season.

Advancements in the techniques for rescue and vegetative propagation of adult Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. trees

ABSTRACT This study focused on the method known as air layering to facilitate the growth of new plants from Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. a technique relatively unexplored for this species. The primary goal was to ascertain whether air layering could effectively produce new clonal (genetically identical) plants. Additionally, the study aimed to establish and enhance a small-scale nursery for clonal plants. To this end, trials were conducted on segments of branches from six adult trees in a special setup which stimulates root growth using various indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations. Root development was monitored biweekly. Based on these experiments, a clonal mini-garden was established to observe the growth and health of these new plants, assessing the number of new shoots and mini-cuttings generated and their survival rates. The findings indicate that root development occurred under all conditions, although the IBA concentration did not significantly affect the outcome. The success of plant growth within the clonal mini-garden appeared to be linked to the quality of root development during the air layering process. Therefore, employing air layering to cultivate new Mimosa caesalpiniifolia plants is viable and can support the creation of a clonal mini-garden for subsequent propagation.

Morphological insights into the pollen–stigma interaction in Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (Leguminosae): exploring the lock-and-key mechanism

Morphological insights into the pollen–stigma interaction in Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (Leguminosae): exploring the lock-and-key mechanism

Assessment of chemically modified vegetable tannins as coagulants for water treatment

This research assessed the efficiency of chemically modified tannins as coagulants for water treatment. Tannins from Anacardium occidentale (cashew tree) and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (‘sabiá’) barks and seedless fruits of Anadenanthera colubrina (‘angico’) and Pityrocarpa moniliformis (‘angico de bezerro’) were evaluated after cationization to remove turbidity from water. After extraction, the total solids content (TSC), Stiasny index (SI), and total condensed tannins content (TCC) of the tannins extracts were determined. Extracted tannins were converted into powders and cationized. Then, the cationized tannins' effectiveness on water turbidity removal, sedimentation time, and effect on pH were assessed. Three concentrations of each type of tannin were used to evaluate flocculant efficiency: 50, 100, and 150 mg L-1. Although the P. moniliformis extract had a higher TSC value (56.06%), it presented the lowest SI (0.42%) and TTC (0.23%) values. M. caesalpiniifolia had the lowest TSC (9.18%) and the highest SI (91.27%), while Ac occidentale stood out with the highest TCC (19.83%). All species have shown potential for tannin production and efficiently removed turbidity at all concentrations. However, only A. occidentale, at a concentration of 100 mg L-1, presented a nephelometric turbidity unit of 2.4, reaching the potability standards required by international specifications and, therefore, being indicated for water treatment. Keywords: condensed tannins, forest species, natural flocculants, turbidity removal.

First Report of Powdery Mildew on Sophora flavescens Caused by Erysiphe diffusa in China.

Sophora flavescens (Fabaceae) is a deciduous subshrub which has been used in Chinese popular medicine for a long history (He et al. 2015). In June 2023, severe powdery mildew symptoms were observed on wild S. flavescens plants on Longwen hill of Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China. The incidence was approximately 80% among 100 S. flavescens plants observed. Almost all leaves were infected. Mycelia occurred on both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, petioles, and stems, forming small-to-large patches. Hyphae were hyaline, 5 to 7 μm wide. Hyphal appressoria were solitary. Conidiophores were erect, straight to somewhat flexuous, and 45 to 120 µm long (n = 50). Foot cells were subcylindrical to slightly curved, followed by 2 to 3 shorter cells. Conidia formed singly, were ovoid to cylindrical, 26 to 42 × 12 to18 µm (n = 50). Based on these morphological characteristics, the powdery mildew fungus was tentatively identified as Erysiphe diffusa (Braun and Cook 2012). To confirm the identification, the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the ribosomal large subunit (LSU) region were amplified and sequenced using primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990) and NL1/NL4 (Ziemiecki et al. 1990), respectively. The obtained 647-bp ITS sequence (GenBank accession no. PP130131) displayed 100% identity with the ITS sequences of E. diffusa. The obtained 618-bp LSU sequence (GenBank accession no. PP693303) displayed 100% identity with the ITS sequences of E. diffusa (MT325922 and MT628019) and E. manihoticola (MT106658 and MT106660). Using a phylogenetic tree based on the combined ITS-LSU data, the isolate was grouped in a clade with the E. diffusa strain (GenBank accession no. LC777871). To fulfill Koch's postulates, leaves of three healthy potted S. flavescens plants were inoculated by gently pressing with diseased leaves. Non-inoculated plants were used as controls. All plants were incubated in a greenhouse at 25 ± 2°C, 80% relative humidity. After 15 days, typical powdery mildew symptoms were observed on the inoculated plants, whereas no symptoms were found on the control plants. The reisolated fungus from the inoculated S. flavescens was morphologically identical to that on naturally diseased plants, and the ITS sequence of the reisolated fungus showed 100% identity with PP130131. As the causal fungus of soybean powdery mildew, E. diffusa is known to infect papaya and other legumes, including Lens culinaris and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (Attanayake et al. 2009; Luz et al. 2019). Particularly, E. diffusa has been previously reported to infect S. flavescens in the United Kingdom (Jones and Baker 2007; Bradshaw et al. 2023), but this is the first report of S. flavescens powdery mildew caused by E. diffusa in China. This work further expands the geographical range of E. diffusa-infected S. flavescens plants.

Urea fertilization for potentializing beef cattle performance in agroforestry systems in the humid tropics

AbstractThis study hypothesized that urea fertilization could optimize animal performance in an agroforestry system. This study evaluated how increasing rates of N fertilization (0, 100, 200, and 400 kg N ha−1 year−1) using urea (CH4N2O) affected forage mass, nutritive value, and beef cattle (Bos indicus) performance in an agroforestry system with Massai grass (Megathyrsus maximus Jacq. cv. Massai) and legume tree (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.), in the humid tropic region of Brazil, over 2‐year period. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four treatments (N fertilizer rates) and three replications. Forage mass was positive and linearly affected by N fertilization (p = .0236, R2 = 0.92), ranging from 1297 to 1583 kg DM ha−1 under 0 and 400 kg N ha−1 year−1, respectively. There was greater average forage mass during the rainy period (1826 kg ha−1) (p &lt; .05). Crude protein in green forage mass increased linearly (p = .0041, R2 = 0.91) in function of the N applied. Cattle average daily gain showed a positive quadratic response to the rates of N applied (p = .0298, R2 = 0.97), ranging from 0.46 kg to 0.68 kg animal day−1; and the gain per area increased linearly from 1.84 to 2.68 kg LW ha−1 day−1 (p = .0640, R2 = 0.96). The findings indicate that applying 200 kg N ha−1 year−1, split‐applied during the rainy season, would yield acceptable outcomes in terms of forage mass, nutritive value, and animal performance for this type of agroforestry system.

Growth regulators on shooting and adventitious rooting of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia adult stem cuttings

Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, crucial for fencing and firewood in Brazil's Caatinga dry forest, presents a promising avenue for commercial propagation. The challenges faced in seed propagation, such as the scarcity of inputs and the difficulties in overcoming dormancy, highlight the advantages of vegetative methods. These methods emerge as a viable alternative, enabling uniform and large-scale production of clonal plantlets. This technique ensures consistent plant quality, which is crucial given the wide variety of uses for this species. Additionally, the use of plant growth regulators is critical to enhance the success of vegetative propagation, promoting the formation of robust roots and overall development of plants from cuttings of adult trees. Recognizing the significance of creating clonal forests of M. caesalpiniifolia and the necessity for understanding methods to expedite this endeavor, this study was designed to assess the shooting and adventitious rooting of stem cuttings sourced from adult M. caesalpiniifolia trees, examining the effects of auxinic agents. M. caesalpiniifolia cuttings were harvested through vegetative rescue from six randomly selected adult trees, treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at concentrations of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4000 mg L−1, using a completely randomized design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. The evaluations included assessing root presence, number of shoots, vigor of clonal plantlets and plant survival under greenhouse conditions, shade house conditions, and full sun exposure. The study did not reveal any significant interaction between growth regulators and their concentrations under these conditions. IBA at intermediate concentrations enhanced root growth, while cuttings without growth regulators exhibited superior aerial development. A decrease in survival percentages with increasing concentrations of regulators was observed, while cuttings without regulators demonstrated better morphological development. The study suggests for large-scale nurseries, natural rooting and shoot formation in M. caesalpiniifolia cuttings may suffice for successful propagation without IBA or IAA.

Sensitivity and antioxidant response of forest species seedlings to the atrazine under simulated conditions of subsurface water contamination

Atrazine is an herbicide with a high soil leaching capacity, contaminating subsurface water sources. Once the water table is contaminated, riparian species can be exposed to atrazine. In this way, understanding the impacts of this exposure must be evaluated for planning strategies that minimize the effects of this herbicide on native forest species. We aimed to evaluate forest species' sensitivity and antioxidant response to exposure to subsurface waters contaminated with atrazine, as well the dissipation this herbicide. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with three replications and one plant per experimental unit. The treatments were arranged in a 2 × 10 factorial. The first factor corresponded to the presence or absence (control) of the atrazine in the subsurface water. The second factor comprised 10 forest species: Amburana cearensis, Anadenanthera macrocarpa, Bauhinia cheilantha, Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Hymenaea courbaril, Libidibia ferrea, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, Mimosa tenuiflora, Myracrodruon urundeuva, and Tabebuia aurea. The forest species studied showed different sensitivity levels to atrazine in subsurface water. A. cearensis and B. cheilantha species do not have efficient antioxidant systems to prevent severe oxidative damage. The species A. macrocarpa, E. contortisiliquum, L. ferrea, and M. caesalpiniifolia are moderately affected by atrazine. H. courbaril, M. urundeuva, and T. aurea showed greater tolerance to atrazine due to the action of the antioxidant system of these species, avoiding membrane degradation events linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Among the forest species, H. courbaril has the most significant remedial potential due to its greater tolerance and reduced atrazine concentrations in the soil.

Evaluation of the consumption of agricultural and urban waste by the diplopod Trigoniulus corallinus as a strategy for formulating new combinations for the millicomposting process.

This study aimed to measure the consumption of different types of plant waste by the diplopod species Trigoniulus corallinus, in order to determine which would be the most suitable for the millicomposting process. To this end, a waste consumption experiment was carried out in the laboratory, using a completely randomized experimental design with 15 replicates and 13 organic residues from different sources. After 10days, the following parameters were evaluated: dry mass of the waste used to feed the diplopods, dry mass of the fecal pellets, and diplopod mortality. Significant differences were observed in the consumption rates of the diplopods in the different treatments, with the highest rates being observed for Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, with 44.49%, followed by Gliricidia sepium chips, with 38.24%. The highest values for pellet mass were obtained from the decomposition of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia litter (0.891g). The treatment with Syngonium auritum shavings showed 93% mortality after consumption, followed by the treatment with Heliconia psittacorum shavings, which showed 53%. Both species are ornamental and widely found in gardens and backyards. The diplopods have a preference for Mimosa caesalpiniifolia litter and Gliricidia sepium shavings. There is limited consumption of ornamental plant waste, with reports of toxicity to other organisms. Based on these results, a mixture of waste will be tested for millicomposting in urban farming areas that excludes toxic plants.

Integrated agroforestry system affects the dynamics of inorganic phosphorus fractions in the savanna of Brazilian Northeast

The savanna (Cerrado) of northeastern Brazil has undergone significant transition in land use to expand agricultural activities. In this region, soils are highly weathered, with phosphorus (P) commonly bound to aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe), creating conditions that demand the supply of P fertilizers to build soil fertility. Conservation systems, such as integrated agroforestry, can increase the inorganic P lability. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil P availability in components of an integrated agroforestry system. Four systems were studied from a 3-year experiment: eucalyptus ( E. urophylla × E. tereticornis) rows (ER), sabiá ( Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) rows (SR), inter-planted maize, and inter-planted soybean in addition to an area of native Cerrado (NC) used as a control. Inter-planted soybean and maize components showed an increase in available P in relation to NC, as a response to a liming-induced increase in soil pH and phosphate fertilization. Eucalyptus and sabiá row components showed an increase in available P in soil because of higher P recycling promoted by forest species and lower P adsorption onto Fe and Al due to the high concentrations of organic matter. Phosphorus forms, following a descending order for all components of the agroforestry system, are P–Al &gt; P–Fe &gt; P–Ca. This information can be used to improve management and soil quality of agricultural production in the Cerrado of the Brazilian northeast region.

The distance from tree legumes in silvopastoral systems modifies the litter in grass-composed pastures

AbstractThe use of silvopastoral systems with tree legumes is a viable alternative to recover and develop pastures, as they add N to the system influencing pasture growth. This study hypothesized that the herbage and litter of signalgrass (Urochloa decumbens Stapf) is affected by legume trees in the pasture. Treatments were composed of (1) signalgrass + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.; (2) signalgrass + Gliricidia sepium Jacq.; and (3) signalgrass monoculture. The 3-year experiment followed a randomized complete block design with three replications. Tree legumes were planted in double rows (15 × 1 × 0.5 m), in 1 ha paddocks. Litter samples were taken in five distance points (0, 1.8, 3.7, 5.6 and 7.5 m) perpendicular to tree legume rows. Signalgrass was taller at longer distances from the trees (P &lt; 0.05). Signalgrass height differed between treatments, with taller signalgrass found in pastures mixed with G. sepium (15.6 cm) compared to M. caesalpiniifolia (9 cm) (P &lt; 0.05). Herbage N content decreased with increasing distance from tree rows (P &lt; 0.05). Litter N content followed a similar pattern, ranging from 23 g/kg under the trees to 12 g/kg at 7.5 m away from tree rows. Signalgrass did not grow under the tree crown (0–1.8 m), especially when intercropped with M. caesalpiniifolia. The findings of this study suggest that the type of legume trees used in the silvopastoral system has the potential to modify the pattern of grass growth and content of N in pasture litter.

Priming cycles with salinity tolerance elicitors in seeds of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Pityrocarpa moniliformis

Priming cycles with salinity tolerance elicitors in seeds of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Pityrocarpa moniliformis

Chemical profile and evaluation of the pharmacological activity of the dry extract and fraction of ethyl acetate obtained from the leaves of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia

Ethnopharmacological relevanceMimosa caesalpiniifolia (Sansão-do-Campo) is a native species of the caatinga in northeastern Brazil that has been studied for its potential anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activity. It is popularly consumed as a medicinal plant and its pharmacological benefits are evidenced in the literature. Aim of the studyThe present work was carried out to promote the chemical profile and evaluate the pharmacological activity of the dry extract and the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the dry leaves of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. Materials and methodsThe leaves were collected in the municipality of Alfenas-MG and subjected to drying, followed by division in a knife mill. The preparation of the dry extract was carried out by the extraction method using simple percolation and the fraction was obtained by liquid-liquid partition. Part of the extractive solution was concentrated in a rotary evaporator followed by a drying process using the spray technique with the addition of colloidal silicon dioxide. The dry extract (33.33%) showed a higher yield in mass when compared to the yield of the ethyl acetate fraction (19.67%). The in vivo pharmacological evaluation was conducted with a total of 82 male Wistar rats that underwent cecal ligation and perforation surgery to induce the inflammatory process. One week after surgery, these animals were treated for 7 days with the dry extract and the ethyl acetate fraction and submitted to behavioral tests (open field and forced swimming). ResultsThe chemical results were obtained through analysis by HPLC-PDA coupled to a mass spectrometer, enabling the verification of the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, aglycones, and glycosides, in addition to tannins. This corroborates with data present in the literature for the genus Mimosa sp. Some compounds had their structure determined, where they were identified as catechin (m/z 288.97), cassiaocidentalin A (m/z 560.75), and procyanidin B2 [(epi)catechin–(epi)catechin; m/z 576.83)]. It was found that the animals that were submitted to the treatment did not present statistically significant results, demonstrating that the pharmacological action evaluated in the test was not highlighted in this type of experiment. The groups that underwent treatment had an aggravated locomotor activity. ConclusionsThe results found with the chemical study contributed to the knowledge of the plant species studied. On the other hand, further studies are needed to provide a better understanding of the pharmacological evaluation of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia.

ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF BARK EXTRACTS FROM BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID TREE SPECIES AGAINST Ganoderma spp.

Tree native species of the Caatinga (a Brazilian semi-arid biome) have characteristics of interest for the use of their wood and non-wood products, especially regarding their natural chemical compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal action of different bark extracts of Anacardium occidentale, Ziziphus joazeiro and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia against Ganoderma lobatum and G. multiplicatum by in vitro mycelial inhibition. The extractions from the bark of the trees were carried out with a Soxhlet extractor, using water, ethanol and hexane as solvents. The potential of mycelia inhibition of each extract was tested against fungi of the Ganoderma genus. The hexane extracts of the bark had activity against G. multiplicatum, unlike the aqueous and ethanol extracts. Even though the hexane-based extracts had a small mycelial inhibition effect against G. lobatum, there were no satisfactory results of extracts against this fungus species.

The Polypeptides/Proteins Exuded from Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Seeds Induce Ultrastructural and Biomechanical Modifications of the Caenorhabditis elegans Surface and Inhibit the Nematode Motility.

The Polypeptides/Proteins Exuded from Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Seeds Induce Ultrastructural and Biomechanical Modifications of the Caenorhabditis elegans Surface and Inhibit the Nematode Motility.

Efeitos da densidade de plantio sobre características da madeira de sabiá

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the biomass yield, volume, and basic density of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. wood in response to planting densities in 13-year-old trees. The research was conducted in Mossoró-RN using a randomized block design with three replications. Plants obtained from seeds collected from the natural vegetation of the Caatinga in Mossoró-RN were subjected to densities of 800 (5.0 m x 2.5 m), 1600 (2.5 m x 2.5 m), 2000 (2.0 m x 2.5 m), and 4000 (1.0 m x 2.5 m) plants ha-1. The following characteristics were assessed: plant height, diameter at breast height, cross-sectional area, basal area, individual volume, stere volume, aboveground biomass, and basic wood density. The dendrometric variables showed a high correlation with planting density. For DBH and cross-sectional area, higher values were observed in the lowest planting densities. The highest values of basal area, volume (m3), stere volume, and dry biomass per hectare were found at the highest planting density. Biomass allocation showed the sequence stem&gt;branches&gt;leaves, regardless of the planting density evaluated. The higher densities resulted in a higher basic density of the wood. The higher planting densities proved advantageous 13 years after planting due to the higher production of dry biomass, volume (m3), and stere volume per hectare.