Milky Latex Research Articles

Morphological features, phytochemical and ethnopharmacological attributes of Tabernaemontana divaricata Linn.: A comprehensive review

Tabernaemontana divaricata Linn. is an ornamental, evergreen and highly useful ethno medicinal plant which is utilized for various traditional treatment purposes worldwide. The plant is commonly called Crepe Jasmine and it is belonging to the family of Apocynaceae. The plant is found in Asia, Australia, China, Japan, Indiaand Myanmar. The plant is 1.5-2.5m in height with silvery grey bark; wrinkled and milky latex exudes when wounded, and has white colored flowers. The leaves are shiny deep green in color. According to the previous study the plant has diverse ranges of phytochemicals constituents such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, phenolic acids and enzymes. The flowers of the plant contain epivoacangine, apparicine, isovoacristine, tabernaemontanine, voaphylline, and vobasine. It is ascribed with extensive series of useful pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, analgesic, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-convulsant, antimicrobial and anti-infertility activities. This plant is also used to treat various disorders like abdominal tumors, epilepsy, eye infections, fever, headache, inflammation, leprosy, asthma, diarrhea, paralysis, rheumatic pain, ulceration and vomiting. So, the review article briefly describes the morphological features, ethno medicinal uses, pharmacological properties and phytochemical composition of this medicinal plant. The present study is also is an attempt to combine and document the important information of Tabernaemontana divaricata and highlights the future need for research and development.

Antibacterial activity of crude extract of Tabernaemontana catharinensis latex (A. DC) against Alicyclobacillus spp.

Alicyclobacillus spp. is composed of Gram-positive, aerobic, thermoacidophilic, endospore-forming bacteria that cause food and beverage spoilage. The presence of Alicyclobacillus spp. may result in the production of guaiacol, which leads to sensory changes in the odour and taste of citrus juices and acidic foods. Tabernaemontana catharinensis (A. DC) is a plant belonging to the family Apocynaceae that produces milky latex with several biological activities described as antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, trypanocidal and anti-leishmanicidal. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the crude latex of T. catharinensis (A. DC) against microorganisms of the genus Alicyclobacillus spp. The minimum inhibitory concentration of latex was 7.81 μg/ml for the five Alicyclobacillus species analysed. The minimum bactericidal concentration for the species Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris 0244T, A. hesperidum 0298T, A. acidiphilus 0247T and A. cycloheptanicus 0297T was 250 μg/ml. Cytotoxicity analysis demonstrated that latex was toxic to Vero cells at concentrations greater than 84.67 μg/ml. Scanning electron microscopy revealed changes in the cell wall of A. acidoterrestris 0244T present in orange juice when treated with crude latex. The results obtained suggest that the crude latex of T. catharinensis (A. DC) displays an antimicrobial effect against Alicyclobacillus, with potential for application in the food industry.

Euphorbia characias: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities.

The aim of this review is to summarize all the compounds identified and characterized from Euphorbia characias, along with the biological activities reported for this plant. Euphorbia is one of the greatest genera in the spurge family of Euphorbiaceae and includes different kinds of plants characterized by the presence of milky latex. Among them, the species Euphorbia characias L. is an evergreen perennial shrub widely distributed in Mediterranean countries. E. characias latex and extracts from different parts of the plant have been extensively studied, leading to the identification of several chemical components such as terpenoids, sterol hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, cerebrosides and phenolic and carboxylic acids. The biological properties range between antioxidant activities, antimicrobial, antiviral and pesticidal activities, wound-healing properties, anti-aging and hypoglycemic properties and inhibitory activities toward target enzymes related to different diseases, such as cholinesterases and xanthine oxidase. The information available in this review allows us to consider the plant E. characias as a potential source of compounds for biomedical research.

Analysis of Rubber Tree Recognition Based on Drone Images

Hevea brasiliensis, the rubber tree is a tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is the most economically important member of the genus Hevea because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber. Rubber trees are important economic crops in tropical areas. Accurate knowledge of the number of rubber trees in a plantation area is important to predict the yield of rubber trees, manage the growing situation of the rubber trees and maximize their productivity. The aim of this study is to analyse the detection of rubber tree based on drone images. In order to solve this issue, this study proposes a novel automated method for processing and analysing the individual rubber tree using images from drone. A drone of Parrot ANAFI was used to acquire aerial images and trees in surveyed area. In order to develop the database of rubber tree based on drone images, the position of rubber tree and non-rubber tree was marked on selected three of drone images. A total number of 154 rubber tree and 149 non-rubber tree have been divided into training and testing set. Next, the features of rubber tree and non-rubber tree will be extracted by three selected algorithms of image processing. The algorithms used in this research study including Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Wavelet Transform and Template matching. The database are tested based on the three algorithm by using Support Vector Machine (SVM) to see which algorithms gives highest accuracy and will be used for detection and enumeration of individual rubber trees using images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The result of the analysis show Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) has the highest accuracy for window size 150 x 150 pixel which is 83.56%. This show that drone images have high potential for rubber tree recognition despite the difficulty of detecting the crown of rubber tree during marking process.

Indigenous Knowledge and Medicinal Significance of Seasonal Weeds of District Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

Background: Most of the medicinal plants are available as wild or weeds in the world including Pakistan. It was reported by many researcher that Pakistan is rich with medicinal flora based upon the surveys conducted in the Northern areas but still there are some areas other than Northern parts in Pakistan that has not been studied so far. There is a need to explore the medicinal flora from neglected area where most of the people still rely on local medicinal plants to cure their diseases by means of indigenous knowledge. District Gujrat is among those area that has not been explored to study the medicinal flora.Methods: Surveys were conducted to collect the indigenous knowledge and medicinal significance of seasonal weeds in Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan in winter 2018 and summer 2019. Information collected through questionnaire and interviews.Results: Weeds have much importance among local inhabitants to cure many diseases as respiratory disorders, kidney and liver disorders, muscle and skeletal disorders, ear, nose and throat problems, dermatological disorders, fever, diabetes, cancer etc. The plant parts and its percentage used by local inhabitants were leaves (58%), fruits (36%), seeds (25%), whole plant (34%), roots (32%), milky latex (1%), flowers (8%) and stem (3%). The most important families were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Solanaceae. Cichorium intybus L. (Asteraceae) had 100% Fidelity Level (FL) value as liver tonic and blood purifier. Highest 0.76 Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) values were noted against stomach, gastric, intestinal and digestive problems. Achyranthes aspera L. (Amaranthaceae) showed the highest Fidelity Level (FL) values that was 93% used gastrointestinal disorders and menstrual pain.Conclusion: It was concluded that the area of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan is a rich source of important medicinal weeds that needs to be utilized for useful medicinal purpose. There is need to create awareness among the farmers and local people about the efficacy of weeds.

Sedative Effects of Latexes Obtained from Some Lactuca L. Species Growing in Turkey.

Lactuca L. species belong to the Asteraceae family and these plants are traditionally used for therapeutic purposes around the world. The dried milky latex of L. serriola is known as “lettuce oil” and is used as a sedative in Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the sedative effects and analyze the chemical compositions of latexes obtained from some Lactuca species growing in Turkey. The sedative effects were evaluated through various behavioral tests on mice. For this purpose, latexes were obtained from L. glareosa Boiss., L. viminea (L.) J. Presl and C. P, L. mulgedioides (Vis and Panćić) Boiss. and Kotschy ex. Boiss., L. saligna L., and L. serriola L. The latex from L. saligna showed the highest sedative effects, whilst L. serriola and L. viminea latexes also displayed significant sedative effects compared to the control group at a dose of 100 mg/kg. However, the latexes from L. glareosa and L. mulqedioides did not exhibit any sedative effects on mice. Characteristic sesquiterpene lactones (lactucin, lactucopicrin, 11,13β-dihydrolactucin, and 11,13β-dihydrolactucopicrin) were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactucin was identified as the main component.

Terpenoid Compounds in the Latex of Euphorbia Azorica from Azores

Plants of Euphorbia genus are well known for their irritant milky latex rich in bioactive terpenoids and their use in traditional medicine worldwide for treatment of several diseases, including cancer that is the second leading cause of death in the world. This research evaluates, for the first time, the major terpenoid compounds from the latex of Azorean E. azorica. Five triterpene alcohols of the euphane, lanostane and cycloartane-type skeleton (namely euphol, obtusifoliol, lanosterol, cycloartenol and 24-methylenecycloartenol) were isolated from the n-hexane fraction. In addition, the diterpene alcohol ingenol was obtained from the ether fraction following to alkaline hydrolysis, which indicates the presence of potential bioactive ingenane diterpenoid esters. Their structures were elucidated by physical, chemical and spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectra) and comparison with literature data. The referred triterpenols have been recently reported to possess anti-inflamatory and/ or antitumor activities. Furthermore, ingenol constitutes the core of a recently approved anticancer drug. Thus, the terpenoid composition of E. azorica latex may indicate their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potentials on anticancer strategies, which should be investigated.

Comparative occurrence of Prestonia R.Br. (Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae)

Apocynaceae is clearly monophyletic, as indicated by the presence of milky latex and a highly modified gyneum with separate ovaries and a modified stylet head. Prestonia (Apocynoideae / Echiteae), is composed of about 55 species, distributed from Mexico to Argentina, and in Brazil, 24 species occur. This work aimed to catalog the species of the genus Prestonia occurring in Lavras. Description of the species was carried out, as well as an identification key. A comparison was made with other surveys, which indicated the occurrence of these genera, in order to identify the representativeness of these species in the municipality. The study recommended the consultation in the ESAL Herbarium, as well as the herbs SPF, HUEFS, JBRJ, NY and UEC, which presented collections of Lavras. The results of the present study were also compared with five other studies performed through two-way cluster analysis. Four species were identified: Prestonia coalita, P. riedelli, P. tomentosa and P. erecta. The highest specific diversity was observed in Lavras, with four species, and P. erecta and P. riedelli only ran in this area. Carrancas presented two species, P. coalita and P. tomentosa, being the most similar to Lavras. Prestonia coalita was present in three areas, being the most widespread species. Although Lavras presented a reduced territorial extension, the diversity of the taxa in question was considerable.

<p><strong><em>Lactarius</em></strong><strong> <em>brunneocinnamomeus, </em>a new species of <em>Lactarius</em> subgenus <em>Russularia</em> from West Bengal, India</strong></p>

Lactarius brunneocinnamomeus found in Shorea robusta (‎Dipterocarpaceae) dominated forest, is proposed as a new species. The species belongs to L. subg. Russularia, sect. Russularia. It is easily recognized by a light brown to orange brown pileus with concentric zones, milky white latex and a palisade to trichopalisade as a pileipellis. Its phylogenetic position inside the genus is based on the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. A complete description, drawings and photographs of the new species are provided. The new species is compared with morphologically similar and phylogenetically allied species.

Bayburt Florasına Katkılar: Cichorieae (Asteraceae)

Cichorieae Lam. & DC., Asteraceae familyasının oymaklarından biridir. Bu oymak tamamen dilsi çiçeklerden oluşan homogam başcık çiçekli ve lateksli üyeleriyle ile karakterize olur. Bu oymak ekonomik öneme sahip Lactuca L. (Marul), Scorzonera L. (Tekesakalı) ve Tragopogon L. (Yemlik) cinslerini içine alır. Bu oymağın üyeleri aynı zamanda halk ilacı olarak da kullanılır. Bayburt Soğanlı, Otlukbeli, Mescit ve Giresun Dağları arasında yer almaktadır. Fitocoğrafik olarak İran-Turan floristik bölgesinin ağaçsız step bölgesine dahildir ve Anadolu Çatalı‘nın kuzey ucunda yer almaktadır. Bu fitocoğrafik özelliklerinden dolayı Bayburt zengin bir bitki çeşitliliğine ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Bayburt‘un bitki çeşitliliğine katkıda bulunulması amaçlanmıştır. Örnekler 2010-2017 dönemlerinde Cicerbita Wallr., Lactuca, Scorzonera, Tragopogon ve Prenanthes L. cinsleri üzerine olan farklı projeler kapsamında toplanmış ve Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Biyoloji Bölümü Herbaryumu (KTUB) ile Rize Üniversitesi Biyoloji Bölümü Herbaryumu (RUB)‘nda muhafaza edilmektedir. QGIS paket programı kullanılarak toplanan bitki örneklerinin koordinatları Bayburt haritası üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands adlı eserde Bayburt için 4 Lactuca ve 7 Scorzonera, kaydı rapor edilmiştir fakat Tragopogon kaydı yer almamaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada Bayburt ili için 24 (5 Lactuca, 14 Scorzonera ve 5 Tragopogon) takson rapor edilmiştir ve bunların 6‘sı Türkiye endemiğidir. Sonuç olarak 13 takson Bayburt için ilk kez bu çalışmada rapor edilmiştir.

Feeding behaviour of chrysomelid leaf beetles Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope) and A. scutellatus (Baly)

Two chrysomelid leaf beetles, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope) and A. scutellatus (Baly) (Galerucinae: Chrysomelidae) are endemic to the northeast Indian hills and adjoining areas where their host plant, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott originated. This study brings out the feeding behaviour of these. The univoltine life cycle of these beetle is in close synchrony with the phenology of their host plant C. esculenta. The creamy white ‘caterpillar-like’ grubs from first to the fourth instar feed gregariously inside the long petioles and sometimes enter the underground tubers. The final instar grubs invariably bore into the tuber and feed inside. Due to the feeding and movements of a group of 15–20 grubs, the internal starchy contents of the tuber get loosened. The final instar make vigourous churning movements within the tuber and this often leads to the starchy contents become a thick viscous milky fluid. Thus the final instar grubs live in a fluid environment till they get dispersed for pupation underground. The adult beetles exhibit leaf trenching behaviour to drain off the milky latex from the leaf canals before feeding. The feeding results in circular or elongated holes in the leaf. The beetle feeds the leaf at a very early stage of trenching. Lack of turgor pressure in the leaf veins could be the reason for early discontinuance of trenching on severed leaf. Time taken to make circular trench and feeding hole on the leaves and the area of leaf consumed by adults is discussed.

Sex differentiation in papaya (Carica papaya L.): A review

The papaya (Carica papaya L.) is among the most important fruit crops of India grown that is commercially cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions of the globe. Papaya is a fast growing and a semi-woody tropical fruit tree with a short juvenile phase of 3 to 8 months. Papaya is by far the best known and economically most important species of the family caricaceae which is basically grown for its edible, vitamin-rich fruits and to a lesser extent also for their milky latex. In papaya, sex form is one of the most important trait affecting its production and genetic improvement. Being a polygamous plant, it has three types of sex forms, viz. male, female and hermaphrodite. Among these forms only the female ones are stable in flowering, fruiting and fruit production under both tropical and sub-tropical climatic conditions. However, they cannot be distinguished either at the seedling stage or other vegetative growth stages before flowering. In cross pollinated fruit crops such as papaya, the identification of the appropriate sex type of the progeny for commercial planting is of utmost importance, since only the female and hermaphrodite plants are grown for fruits. So to overcome this problem several efforts were made to identify morphological and physiological parameters related to sex identification and gene-linked molecular markers associated with sex differentiation. The identification of desired sex form in papaya at early stage would result in higher fruit production and increased profitability.

A REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MILKWEED FAMILY HERBS (ASCLEPIADACEAE)

Calotropis procera and Gymnema sylvestre are a perennial shrub and woody climber, respectively, and belonging to the family Asclepiadaceae. They are commonly known as milkweed family herbs. The Calotropis commonly have two species, i.e., C. procera and C. gigantean. All parts of plant exude white milky latex when cut. It has been widely used in traditional medicine due to its pharmacological active compounds found in all parts of plants such as bark, roots, and leaves and especially its latex which exudes from damaged or broken stem and leaves. G. sylvestre an ayurvedic herb came to be known as “destroyer of sugar” because in ancient times Ayurveda physicians observed that chewing a few leaves of G. sylvestre suppressed the taste of sugar. It also reported to possess antidiabetic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory, antiulcer, and anticancer potential. The gymnemic acid is the main constituent which is responsible for number of pharmacological activities. The present review assembles the data on pharmacognostic and pharmacological potential of C. procera and G. sylvestre.

Pharmacognostical Studies on Sarcostemma brevistigma, Wight. and Arn. – An Ethnomedicinal Plant

The genus Sarcostemma finds a prominent place in different Indian systems of medicine. The different ethnic communities in India have used different species of Sarcostemma in the treatment of various human ailments. The plant Sarcostemma brevistigma is a perennial leafless, twining trailing shrub, with green cylindrical, fleshy, glabrous, green pendulous stems, exhibiting longitudinal ridges and nodes and exuding milky white latex. Plant shows circular vascular bundles in stem, absence of pith in root and anomocytic type of stomata on stem bark. The powder is fibrous, light greenish brown in colour and bitter in taste. It shows the presence of rosettes of calcium oxalate crystals, fragments of pitted, spiral vessels and laticifers. Laticiferous canals are wide, thick walled and non septate. The macroscopic, microscopic, histological identification and microscopic constants of Sarcostemma brevistigma can be used as a rapid, inexpensive and botanical identification technique which would be of immense value in standardization and authentication of this plant.

Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Induce Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Lathyrus sativus L. Root Bioassay System.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP-GS) were synthesised from the precursor zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2) through the green route using the milky latex from milk weed (Calotropis gigantea L. R. Br) by alkaline precipitation. Formation of the ZnONP-GS was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy followed by characterization and confirmation by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Both the ZnONP-GS and the commercially available ZnONP-S (Sigma-Aldrich) and cationic Zn2+ from Zn(CH3COO)2 were tested in a dose range of 0–100 mg·L−1 for their potency (i) to induce oxidative stress as measured by the generation reactive oxygen species (ROS: O2•−, H2O2 and •OH), cell death, and lipid peroxidation; (ii) to modulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX); and (iii) to cause DNA damage as determined by Comet assay in Lathyrus sativus L. root bioassay system. Antioxidants such as Tiron and dimethylthiourea significantly attenuated the ZnONP-induced oxidative and DNA damage, suggesting the involvement of ROS therein. Our study demonstrated that both ZnONP-GS and ZnONP-S induced oxidative stress and DNA damage to a similar extent but were significantly less potent than Zn2+ alone.

Tyre Retreading by Hot Retreading Process

Tyre is made up of natural rubber or synthetic rubber.natural rubber is present as milky liquid or latex in the bark of rubber tree, HEVEA BRASILIENSIS. Natural rubber combines with carbon, oil, sulphur and the chemicals at a temperature of 100-140°C and under goes a number of stages of processes. Synthetic rubber is any vulcanisable man made rubber like polymer. By retreading tyre we are doing a good job which is in favour of Natural resources. Tyre Retreading is a new technology, where the old tyres are made serviceable by removing worn out and damaged treads and replacing it with new treads. New treads are available in the market in form of rolls and in brief, in can be put on old tyre and cured with the help of steam. Similar to the new tyres, the treaded tyres can be very well used on all vehicles, irrespective of light or heavy vehicles. With a safe and new technology, which is being adopted now-a-days, it will be more easy and economical to produce tyres. As day by day, more and more vehicles are running on roads, hence more tyres are required for replacement. With further growth of economy, there will be an increase in transport as well as passenger vehicles and hence more tyres will be required. Hence, there is a very wide scope for retread tyres as an original replacement.

HEVEA BRASILIENSIS POISONING IN MALNAD GIDDA CATTLE, KARNATAKA, INDIA

Hevea brasiliensis , the rubber tree , is a tropical tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae , native to Amazon basin in Brazil and most economically important member of the genus Hevea , because of the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber . The young leaves of this tree are poisonous to most animals. In India it is fo und in areas where plantation is done for the commercial purpose. Hence poisoning in ruminants due to rubber tree is a rare phenomenon unless they have access to it. In the present investigation there were deaths of six adult Malnad G idda cattle in Hal e Ik keri village of Shimoga , Karnataka , India in a span of two days. An attempt has been made to know the cause of sudden mortality in Malnad Gidda Cattle. Post - mortem examination was conducted on carcasses and samples were collected for the detection of toxic principle, Hydrocyanic acid (HCN) by Picric acid paper spot test . The young rubber tree leaves showed positive for the presence of toxic principle HCN. HCN is one of the most potent, rapid - acting poisons known. When a lethal dose is consumed, animals die from asphyxiation in a few minutes. Deaths in animals due to HCN poisoning, can be reduced by administering with a mixture of sodium thiosulfate and methylene blue.

Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants in Kotli Sattian, Rawalpindi district, Pakistan

Aim of studyThe present study aimed to report the ethnomedicinal information from Kotli Sattian, district Rawalpindi for detailed medicinal uses and to inform the community about conservation of medicinal plant diversity and ethnomedicinal knowledge of plants. Material and methodsEthnomedicinal data were collected via Rapid Appraisal Approach (RAA) along with interview, group meetings with local people having awareness about medicinal knowledge of plants and individual meetings with local healers. Results and discussionsThis study reported eighty seven (87) indigenous medicinal plants, distributed among fifty five (55) families and seventy nine (79) genera. Among these, herbs contributed 43%, trees 28%, shrubs 21% and climbing plants 8%. About 34% of herbal preparations were made from whole plants followed by the leaves (27%), fruits (08%), bark (06%), seeds (05%), root (05%), rhizome (04%), stem, flower, gum, pod and tubers (02%) and milky latex (01%). Justicia adhatoda showed the maximum use value (0.91) while Cuscuta reflexa showed the least use value (0.11). ConclusionElder people in the study area still rely on herbal remedies although the modern heath care facilities are present in the study area; thus, the indigenous plants remain important medicines in solving health problems.

The Chemical Study of<i> Calotropis</i>

Calotropis (Asclepiadaceae) commonly known as “madar” is a useful medicinal plant. The two species i.e. Calotropis gigantea and Calotropis procera are to a great extent having a very similar chemical properties, but the colours of their flowers are different. The pH of latex of these two species has been found different in the present study. The temperature effects have been noticed on their pH values which is varying from 7.2 to 8.1 between the temperatures 25 °C to 45 °C and then remains constant for Calotropis gigantia. The milky latex contains hydrocarbons, fatty acids, sterols and terpenels. Seven spots have been observed on the TLC plates; out of which 3 were identified as calotoxin, uscharin and calactin. Aluminum, calcium, cadmiun, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, magnese, magnesium, nickel, lead, and zinc metal elements were investigated in the latex and similarly in the leaves and bark from the AA spectra. The amount of magnese was found the highest in the latex of both species but calcium was found highest in leaves and bark of both species. Copper, chromium and lead were not found at all in latex but a very little amount of copper and lead were found in leaves and bark. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to investigate the metals which were measured in the order of ppm.

The Chemical Study of<i> Calotropis</i>

Calotropis (Asclepiadaceae) commonly known as “madar” is a useful medicinal plant. The two species i.e. Calotropis gigantea and Calotropis procera are to a great extent having a very similar chemical properties, but the colours of their flowers are different. The pH of latex of these two species has been found different in the present study. The temperature effects have been noticed on their pH values which is varying from 7.2 to 8.1 between the temperatures 25 °C to 45 °C and then remains constant for Calotropis gigantia. The milky latex contains hydrocarbons, fatty acids, sterols and terpenels. Seven spots have been observed on the TLC plates; out of which 3 were identified as calotoxin, uscharin and calactin. Aluminum, calcium, cadmiun, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, magnese, magnesium, nickel, lead, and zinc metal elements were investigated in the latex and similarly in the leaves and bark from the AA spectra. The amount of magnese was found the highest in the latex of both species but calcium was found highest in leaves and bark of both species. Copper, chromium and lead were not found at all in latex but a very little amount of copper and lead were found in leaves and bark. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to investigate the metals which were measured in the order of ppm.