Military Settings Research Articles

Differences in Perceived Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Military Dental Postgraduate Residents.

In military training settings, stress can improve focus and motivation fostering effective learning. However, high perceived stress can be debilitating resulting in poor learning and clinical errors. Multiple studies have focused on medical residency stress; but there has been minimal focus on dental residents and even less on the impact of the unique stressors from the COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress of residents in a military dental residency training program and explore the association among perceived stress and anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and social support. Dental residents (N = 20) at the Naval Postgraduate Dental School participated in this study. Residents were assessed via self-report measures quarterly from March 2020 through June 2021. The assessment included measures of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), perceived stress (PSS), fatigue (FSI), and social support (DUKE-SSQ). Before the pandemic shutdown, 60% of participants reported high perceived stress. These residents reported an initial decrease in symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue compared to residents reporting low pre-pandemic perceived stress but returned to baseline levels post-shutdown. Additionally, the high stress participants reported lower social support. Based on pre-pandemic perceived stress, participants responded differently to the impact of the pandemic shutdown. The low baseline stress participants may have a more robust sense of grit and resilience. These findings suggest that postgraduate dental training programs should integrate coping skills training opportunities, especially for residents reporting high perceived stress before residency.

Physiological and radiological parameters predicting outcome from penetrating traumatic brain injury treated in the deployed military setting

IntroductionPenetrating traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of death in current military conflicts, and results in significant morbidity in survivors. Identifying those physiological and radiological parameters associated...

ASMTP: Anonymous secure messaging token‐based protocol assisted data security in swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles

AbstractSwarm of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) broaden the field of application in various fields like military surveillance, crop monitoring in agriculture, combat operations, etc. Unfortunately, they are becoming increasingly susceptible to security attacks, such as jamming, information leakage and spoofing, as they become more common and in more demand. So, there is a wider need for UAVs, which requires the design of strong security procedures to fend off such attacks and security dangers. Even though several studies focused on security aspects, many questions remain unanswered, particularly in the areas of secure UAV‐to‐UAV communication, support for perfect forward secrecy and non‐repudiation. In a battle situation, it is extremely important to close these gaps. The security requirements for the UAV communication protocol in a military setting were the focus of this study. In this paper, we present the issues faced by the UAV swarm, especially during military surveillance operations. To secure the communication link in UAV, a new protocol for UAV Swarm communication is proposed with anonymous secure messaging token‐based protocol (ASMTP). The proposed protocol secures UAV‐to‐base station communication and safeguards the metadata of the sender and receiver nodes. The proposed model maintains the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data in the UAV Swarm and achieves robustness. In addition, it provides a different strategy for the cybersecurity gaps in the swarm of UAVs during military surveillance and combat operations.

Multifunctional wearable Spider-Silk Inspired fabric for personal protection in extreme environments

Personal protective equipment (PPE) plays a vital role in healthcare, industry, and military settings, offering essential protection against various environmental hazards. However, the growing environmental challenges and demand for multifunctional integration make developing PPE that outperforms traditional single-function equipment a significant challenge. Herein, we present a flexible and wearable sandwich-structured film, fabricated by integrating an MXene core layer with Gd(OH)3/TPU outer layers through electrospinning and vacuum filtration process, simultaneously offering neutron and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, energy harvesting, and thermal management. Mimicking spider silk's crystalline and amorphous regions, the outer layers integrate Gd(OH)3 nanorods into TPU nanofibers, thereby enhancing hydrogen bonding and achieving a high tensile strength of 22.94 MPa. Extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions firmly bind the MXene conductive core layer to the gadolinium-rich magnetic outer layers, providing excellent neutron (μ = 22.95 cm−1) and EMI shielding (SE = 35.1 dB). Additionally, the film also functions as a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), capturing kinetic energy to power low-voltage electronic devices, reducing reliance on external power in harsh settings. Remarkably, its superior Joule heating capability rapidly reaches various temperature (up to 78.5 ℃) by regulating external voltage to meet diverse user requirements. This study paves the way for future advancements in the realm of multifunctional PPE.

Airway management in patients with suspected or confirmed cervical spine injury: Guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society (DAS), Association of Anaesthetists (AoA), British Society of Orthopaedic Anaesthetists (BSOA), Intensive Care Society (ICS), Neuro Anaesthesia and Critical Care Society (NACCS), Faculty of Prehospital Care and Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM).

There are concerns that airway management in patients with suspected or confirmed cervical spine injury may exacerbate an existing neurological deficit, cause a new spinal cord injury or be hazardous due to precautions to avoid neurological injury. However, there are no evidence-based guidelines for practicing clinicians to support safe and effective airway management in this setting. An expert multidisciplinary, multi-society working party conducted a systematic review of contemporary literature (January 2012-June 2022), followed by a three-round Delphi process to produce guidelines to improve airway management for patients with suspected or confirmed cervical spine injury. We included 67 articles in the systematic review, and successfully agreed 23 recommendations. Evidence supporting recommendations was generally modest, and only one moderate and two strong recommendations were made. Overall, recommendations highlight key principles and techniques for pre-oxygenation and facemask ventilation; supraglottic airway device use; tracheal intubation; adjuncts during tracheal intubation; cricoid force and external laryngeal manipulation; emergency front-of-neck airway access; awake tracheal intubation; and cervical spine immobilisation. We also signpost to recommendations on pre-hospital care, military settings and principles in human factors. It is hoped that the pragmatic approach to airway management made within these guidelines will improve the safety and efficacy of airway management in adult patients with suspected or confirmed cervical spine injury.

An overview of preclinical models of traumatic brain injury (TBI): relevance to pathophysiological mechanisms.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting millions annually worldwide. Although the majority of TBI patients return to premorbid baseline, a subset of patient can develop persistent and often debilitating neurocognitive and behavioral changes. The etiology of TBI within the clinical setting is inherently heterogenous, ranging from sport related injuries, fall related injuries and motor vehicle accidents in the civilian setting, to blast injuries in the military setting. Animal models of TBI, offer the distinct advantage of controlling for injury modality, duration and severity. Furthermore, preclinical models of TBI have provided the necessary temporal opportunity to study the chronic neuropathological sequelae of TBI, including neurodegenerative sequelae such as tauopathy and neuroinflammation within the finite experimental timeline. Despite the high prevalence of TBI, there are currently no disease modifying regimen for TBI, and the current clinical treatments remain largely symptom based. The preclinical models have provided the necessary biological substrate to examine the disease modifying effect of various pharmacological agents and have imperative translational value. The current review will include a comprehensive survey of well-established preclinical models, including classic preclinical models including weight drop, blast injury, fluid percussion injury, controlled cortical impact injury, as well as more novel injury models including closed-head impact model of engineered rotational acceleration (CHIMERA) models and closed-head projectile concussive impact model (PCI). In addition to rodent preclinical models, the review will include an overview of other species including large animal models and Drosophila. There are major neuropathological perturbations post TBI captured in various preclinical models, which include neuroinflammation, calcium dysregulation, tauopathy, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, axonopathy, as well as glymphatic system disruption. The preclinical models of TBI continue to offer valuable translational insight, as well as essential neurobiological basis to examine specific disease modifying therapeutic regimen.

The employment of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in deployed settings.

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has been often used in place of open aortic occlusion for management of hemorrhagic shock in trauma. There is a paucity of data evaluating REBOA usage in military settings. We queried the Department of Defense Trauma Registry (DODTR) for all cases with at least one intervention or assessment available within the first 72 h after injury between 2007 and 2023. We used relevant procedural codes to identify the use of REBOA within the DODTR, and we used descriptive statistics to characterize its use. We identified 17 cases of REBOA placed in combat settings from 2017 to 2019. The majority of these were placed in the operating room (76%) and in civilian patients (70%). A penetrating mechanism caused the injury in 94% of cases with predominantly the abdomen and extremities having serious injuries. All patients subsequently underwent an exploratory laparotomy after REBOA placement, with moderate numbers of patients having spleen, liver, and small bowel injuries. The majority (82%) of included patients survived to hospital discharge. We describe 17 cases of REBOA within the DODTR from 2007 to 2023, adding to the limited documentation of patients undergoing REBOA in military settings. We identified patterns of injury in line with previous studies of patients undergoing REBOA in military settings. In this small sample of military casualties, we observed a high survival rate.

Application of IoT audio technology based on sensor networks in English speaking teaching system

In the era of information technology, the exponential growth of data volume has compelled users to entrust their data to database service providers for efficient management. While traditional methods such as user authentication, security auditing, and access control have been implemented to safeguard data security across databases, cloud servers may face security challenges due to excessive internal administrator permissions. The audio technology of the Internet of Things (IoT) offers numerous advantages, including high bandwidth, short data transmission time, long transmission distance, and cost-effectiveness. It has found widespread applications in military, technological, industrial, and everyday life settings. With the advancements in modern information technology and the development and enhancement of wireless radio frequency technology in the IoT sector, IoT-based wireless audio interaction systems utilizing Wi-Fi have gradually become integrated into people's lives. These systems have enriched people's daily experiences and are increasingly popular among consumers. This paper, based on the theory of functional applied linguistics, combs the basic theoretical framework and the practical application prospect of functional Applied Linguistics of systemic language, especially emphasizes the important influence and application enlightenment of systemic functional linguistics on language teaching, and combines the "Recent Development Zone" The basic concepts of contemporary language and literature education, such as scaffolding, are summarized and analyzed. The paper establishes a comprehensive theoretical research framework for college spoken English teaching, and through the comprehensive theoretical analysis of communicative teaching methods and practical exploration of some problems that students may appear, it puts forward more effective and targeted specific solutions.

Assessing the one-month mortality impact of civilian-setting prehospital transfusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Based on convincing evidence for outcomes improvement in the military setting, the past decade has seen evaluation of prehospital transfusion (PHT) in the civilian emergency medical services (EMS) setting. Evidence synthesis has been challenging, due to study design variation with respect to both exposure (type of blood product administered) and outcome (endpoint definitions and timing). The goal of the current meta-analysis was to execute an overarching assessment of all civilian-arena randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence focusing on administration of blood products compared to control of no blood products. The review structure followed the Cochrane group's Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Using the Transfusion Evidence Library (transfusionevidencelibrary.com), the multidatabase (e.g. PubMed, EMBASE) Harvard On-Line Library Information System (HOLLIS), and GoogleScholar, we accessed many databases and gray literature sources. RCTs of PHT in the civilian setting with a comparison group receiving no blood products with 1-month mortality outcomes were identified. In assessing a single patient-centered endpoint-1-month mortality-we calculated an overall risk ratio (RR) estimate. Analysis of three RCTs yielded a model with acceptable heterogeneity (I2 = 48%, Q-test p = 0.13). Pooled estimate revealed civilian PHT results in a statistically nonsignificant (p = 0.38) relative mortality reduction of 13% (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.63-1.19). Current evidence does not demonstrate 1-month mortality benefit of civilian-setting PHT. This should give pause to EMS systems considering adoption of civilian-setting PHT programs. Further studies should not only focus on which formulations of blood products might improve outcomes but also focus on which patients are most likely to benefit from any form of civilian-setting PHT.

Association of Blast Exposure in Military Breaching with Intestinal Permeability Blood Biomarkers Associated with Leaky Gut.

Injuries and subclinical effects from exposure to blasts are of significant concern in military operational settings, including tactical training, and are associated with self-reported concussion-like symptomology and physiological changes such as increased intestinal permeability (IP), which was investigated in this study. Time-series gene expression and IP biomarker data were generated from "breachers" exposed to controlled, low-level explosive blast during training. Samples from 30 male participants at pre-, post-, and follow-up blast exposure the next day were assayed via RNA-seq and ELISA. A battery of symptom data was also collected at each of these time points that acutely showed elevated symptom reporting related to headache, concentration, dizziness, and taking longer to think, dissipating ~16 h following blast exposure. Evidence for bacterial translocation into circulation following blast exposure was detected by significant stepwise increase in microbial diversity (measured via alpha-diversity p = 0.049). Alterations in levels of IP protein biomarkers (i.e., Zonulin, LBP, Claudin-3, I-FABP) assessed in a subset of these participants (n = 23) further evidenced blast exposure associates with IP. The observed symptom profile was consistent with mild traumatic brain injury and was further associated with changes in bacterial translocation and intestinal permeability, suggesting that IP may be linked to a decrease in cognitive functioning. These preliminary findings show for the first time within real-world military operational settings that exposures to blast can contribute to IP.

Enhancing operational rations for Special Operations Forces: A qualitative analysis and roadmap for product improvement

AbstractNinety‐eight (n = 98) military personnel from the Brazilian Army Special Operations Forces (SOF) participated in 10 Focus Groups to discuss the suitability of Combat Operational Rations with the service doctrine. The operational rations provided partially meet the operational and doctrinal demands of the SOF. Although the military personnel felt secure with the rations provided, the need to customize kits with locally sourced food items before the start of the mission and complaints about the excessive packaging volume were the categories that showed the highest level of engagement. The insights obtained for improving the rations indicated the need for adjustments in palatability, menu variety, modularization, practicality, and an increase in the nutritional content of macro and micronutrients. Further studies should be conducted in partnership with military technical sectors and strategic defense companies to assess the feasibility of developing rations better aligned with the SOF doctrine.Practical ApplicationsAddressing the challenges identified in the Rations used by the Brazilian Army Special Operations Forces (SOF) is crucial for improving the readiness and performance of elite military units and offers valuable insights for academic research. This benefits the academic community by demonstrating the real‐world relevance of nutrition science, food technology, and logistics in military settings. Furthermore, the collaboration between military technical sectors and strategic defense companies presents an opportunity for industrial innovation. Companies involved in producing and supplying rations can use these findings to develop more suitable, efficient, and cost‐effective products tailored to the unique demands of SOF units.

The use of immunological drugs for the treatment of wound infections in military personnel during hostilities

Aims: To assesses the trends in immunological drug development for managing wound infections in military personnel. To discuss the efficacy, safety, and long-term results, focusing on combination therapies, and identifying research deficits for improving the care of military wounds. Methodology: A narrative review was used in order to explores the use of immunological drugs for treating wound infections in military settings utilising a search strategy identified 840 publications from PubMed, with 6 studies meeting inclusion criteria for analysis from the years 2019 to 2022. Results: The narrative review concerning the use of immunological drugs for treating wound infections in military personnel during hostilities revealed an increasing trend in research interest from 2000 to 2024, with a significant rise from 7 publications in 2000 and 2001 to a peak of 72 in 2018, followed by a descent to 19 in 2021 likely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and a slight recovery to 41 in 2022. The key findings included a 50% reduction in infection rates and a 30% faster healing time with monoclonal antibody treatments, over 95% accuracy in species identification of MDR strains, and reduced bacteremia incidence with GM-CSF and G-CSF. Adverse effects varied from mild to moderate, including infusion reactions, nausea, and fatigue. The highlighted challenges included the need for larger sample sizes, long-term follow-up, optimal dosages, and studying diverse populations. Scientific Novelty: Explore the innovative realm of immunological drugs, a promising frontier in combating wound infections among military personnel during active hostilities. Conclusion: The review also identified new developments in immunomodulatory agents for military wound infection, which are effective in decreasing infection rates and enhancing the rate of wound healing.

Prevalence of chronic pain after severe lower limb injury (SLLI): A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundGlobally, severe lower limb injuries (SLLIs) are the predominant cause of long-term injury related disability and poor functional outcomes. Chronic pain is a major source of this morbidity, but the magnitude of the contribution is not clearly understood. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of chronic pain following SLLIs in civilian and military patients. MethodThis systematic review was prospectively registered with The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with study ID CRD42022313615. A systematic literature search (Medline, Embase, Ovid, and Web of Science) was performed to identify original studies that reported chronic pain outcomes for adults who underwent surgical treatment for SLLIs in a civilian or military setting. Risk of bias in included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-E tool, and quality assessment was reported at study level using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and at outcome-level using the GRADE framework. Absolute (proportional) and relative (odds ratio) outcome measures were calculated and pooled using a random effects model. ResultsForty-three studies reporting the outcomes of 5601 patients were included. Estimated overall prevalence of pain was 63 % (CI 55–70 %). The prevalence of chronic pain in amputees (64 % (CI 55–73 %)) was similar to those who underwent limb salvage (56 % (CI 44–67 %)). The prevalence of chronic pain in civilian populations was 70 % (CI 63–77 %) compared to military populations (51 % (CI 35–66 %)). In amputees, the prevalence of residual limb pain was similar to phantom limb pain (OR 1.06 [0.64–1.78], p = 0.81, I2 = 92 %). ConclusionMost people who sustain a SLLI will suffer from chronic pain. Healthcare systems must continue to research interventions that can reduce the incidence and severity of long-term pain and ensure adequate resources are allocated for this common and debilitating complication.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Acute Articular Cartilage Tears in Military and Other Occupational Settings: A Systematic Review.

A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis-Protocols was conducted and registered with the Open Science Framework. Key academic databases were searched using terms from the following concepts: risk or cause, paid occupations, and acute articular cartilage tears. Of an initial 941 studies, 2 studies met the eligibility criteria, both reporting data from military contexts; only one evaluated acute articular cartilage tears in both males and females. One paper focused on articular cartilage injury within the knee and the other within the ankle joint with incidence rates being 0.2 and 0.3 per 1000 person-years, respectively. People in more physically active occupations and individuals with an above-normal body mass index were reported as being at higher risk of sustaining an acute articular cartilage tear. Physically demanding occupations, such as the military, may increase the risk for acute tears of the articular cartilage. However, the findings of this review indicate there is a paucity of research to underpin understanding of the injury mechanisms and occupational risk factors for acute articular cartilage tears.

Sexual and reproductive health in military settings: A qualitative study

ABSTRACT Mission readiness is critical to the operational success of the United States (US) military and includes having a healthy and fit fighting force. Service members and their dependents have access to a wide range of sexual and reproductive health services with no out-of-pocket costs. Despite this access, negative outcomes such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancy persist. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with service members and stakeholders (e.g. medical providers). Interviews explored the individual, interpersonal, organizational, and institutional factors that inform sexual norms, behaviors, and healthcare experiences in the US military. Interview transcripts were coded manually; data were summarized for themes related to unique aspects of military culture and healthcare affecting sexual and reproductive health. Twenty-five (25) service members and 15 stakeholders completed interviews. Four themes emerged: 1) despite free access, both general and military-specific barriers to sexual and reproductive healthcare persist; 2) general and military-specific cultural norms apply to sexual behavior and care seeking; 3) sexual and reproductive health-related norms can be perceived as confusing and contradictory within the military; and 4) resources addressing sexual assault are ubiquitous in military settings, but resources addressing prevention of STIs and unintended pregnancy are limited. Both general and military-specific norms, behavior, and healthcare experiences need to be considered in clinical care, public health campaigns, and other efforts to promote sexual and reproductive health in military settings.

Design and testing of ultrasound probe adapters for a robotic imaging platform

Medical imaging-based triage is a critical tool for emergency medicine in both civilian and military settings. Ultrasound imaging can be used to rapidly identify free fluid in abdominal and thoracic cavities which could necessitate immediate surgical intervention. However, proper ultrasound image capture requires a skilled ultrasonography technician who is likely unavailable at the point of injury where resources are limited. Instead, robotics and computer vision technology can simplify image acquisition. As a first step towards this larger goal, here, we focus on the development of prototypes for ultrasound probe securement using a robotics platform. The ability of four probe adapter technologies to precisely capture images at anatomical locations, repeatedly, and with different ultrasound transducer types were evaluated across more than five scoring criteria. Testing demonstrated two of the adapters outperformed the traditional robot gripper and manual image capture, with a compact, rotating design compatible with wireless imaging technology being most suitable for use at the point of injury. Next steps will integrate the robotic platform with computer vision and deep learning image interpretation models to automate image capture and diagnosis. This will lower the skill threshold needed for medical imaging-based triage, enabling this procedure to be available at or near the point of injury.

Effects of noise exposure on peripheral auditory function, temporal envelope coding, and speech perception in service members with normal hearing

Service members face a significant risk of hearing impairment due to prolonged exposure to loud sounds in military settings. Detecting early signs of hearing loss is challenging, as they are often subtle and not easily identified through conventional clinical tests. In our study, we investigated the effects of noise exposure on electrophysiological, behavioral, and self-report measures of hearing damage in young adults, including both military and non-military individuals with normal audiometric thresholds. Participants completed a comprehensive test battery, covering standard and extended high-frequency pure-tone audiometry (0.25–16 kHz), a noise exposure structured interview, electrocochleography (ECochG), amplitude modulation (AM) detection threshold, and spatial release from speech-on-speech masking (SRM). Preliminary ECochG analyses suggested physiological deficits indicative of cochlear synaptopathy in service members. The discussion will focus on the correlation between physiological results and perceptual findings obtained through AM and SRM measures, aiming to understand the links between observed deficits and the perceptual challenges faced by service members in the context of subclinical hearing damage induced by noise exposure.

Implementation of Formal Curriculum on Health Care Disparities in Military Family Medicine Residency.

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires education on health care disparities (HCD), but research assessing formal curricula is limited. To improve knowledge and confidence in HCD, the family medicine residency program at Darnall Army Medical Center implemented a formal HCD curriculum. During the 2021-2022 academic year, starting July 2021, a formal HCD curriculum was implemented for family medicine residents and faculty. Ten lectures on HCDs and implicit bias were given over the course of the year. Residents and faculty were asked to incorporate HCD into their regular continuing medical education lectures. ACGME survey data as well as a pre- and postcurriculum survey were used to assess HCD knowledge and confidence. Descriptive statistics and a paired-sample t tests were calculated to compare pre- to postcurriculum changes. The percentage of residents who reported that they had received HCD education increased from 72% on the 2021 ACGME survey to 100% in 2022 (N=18). We found a significant (P<.05) improvement in knowledge and confidence across 11 of 12 questions on the pre- and postcurriculum survey. A formal curriculum in a military family medicine residency setting was effective for improving self-reported HCD knowledge and confidence.

상사는 부하의 피드백 추구행동을 어떻게 볼까?: 피드백 추구행동이 유능함 인식과 성과평가에 미치는 영향에서 주체 지향성의 조절역할

The answer to how a subordinate's feedback seeking behavior will be deemed by supervisor
 is a significant motivational factor that influence employees' feedback seeking. It is also
 essential for organizations to organize policies that encourage feedback seeking behavior.
 Based on the theories of similarity-attraction, social categorization, and social identity, this
 study argues whether supervisor's agentic orientation is high or low, feed seeking behavior
 will positively or negatively influence perception of subordinate's competence. Furthermore,
 this study suggests the interaction effect of feedback seeking behavior and agentic orientation
 will influence performance evaluation via perceived competence. To test the hypotheses,
 path analysis using Mplus 8 was conducted based on data from 210 pairs of supervisorsemployees
 in military settings. The result revealed that the relationship between feedback seeking
 behavior and perceived competence was moderated by agentic orientation. Specifically, when
 supervisors had high agentic orientation, there was a significant positive relationship between
 two variables. However, when supervisors had low agentic orientation, there was no significant
 relationship. Perceived competence mediated the interaction effect of feedback seeking behavior
 and agentic orientation. This study contributes to the literature by examining how feedback
 seeking behavior is interpreted from a supervisor's perspective, going beyond the traditional
 employee-focused perspective. Additionally, it offers practical implications for organizational
 managers in terms of human resource management.

Lessons learned from efforts to prevent behavioral health problems and promote mental wellbeing in the US military

The global economic burden of mental health disorders is substantial and continues to increase. To reverse this devastating trend, solutions are needed to not only treat but to prevent the emergence of mental health conditions negatively affecting an individual's health and their social and occupational functioning. Given that military personnel and their families experience a number of factors that may serve to elevate risk for mental health problems (e.g., separation from sources of social support, job-related stress and trauma exposure, combat), the US military has instituted a number of programs to prevent mental and behavioral disorders, which may provide benefit to civilian contexts. The present paper overviews military programs that seek to build individual resilience, utilize social support and peer support programs for preventing mental health problems, and emphasize the role of early identification and treatment for preventing worsening or continued distress. We propose these programs can be adapted for and implemented into civilian settings for mental health prevention. Parallels are drawn between military and civilian settings, with proposed recommendations and considerations for adaptation discussed. Civilian communities may benefit from the lessons learned from implementation in military settings to inform their own prevention strategies.