OF THE many unsolved problems of geography, this of the Hulaya River Land stands out as probably the most important and at the same time the most tantalizing: important, because that territory formed the hub, so to speak, of five other contiguous states or districts by which it was encircled; and tantalizing, because the text describing its boundaries, though almost flawless and replete with detail, defies obvious explanation.2 It certainly bristles with difficulties, many of which, however, are of an elementary kind and probably arise from the fact that it was based on an older document into which its new clauses were imperfectly welded. It begins, for example, by preparing the reader for a gift of territory to the king of Dadassas, but it ends by describing the boundaries of the Hulaya River Land without indicating any clear relation or contact between these two districts. That they were neighbors is known from clauses of an earlier treaty quoted in this one; but we are left wondering whether the boundary so carefully described comprised that of the original kingdom or defined only the added territory. On the historical side, doubts also arise from an apparent confusion between two royal personages connected with Dadassas itself.3 Since there 1 This geographical study is based primarily on some unpublished and a translation of the Hulaya Boundary Text (KBo IV 10) which Dr. O. Gurney generously prepared for me in 1938; but it was not until I had worked over his more complete manuscripts on the interrelations of the states (of which my article on Hittite Military Roads [and map], AJA, Vol. XLVII, No. 1 (1943), represents the first-fruits) that I have been able to find a possible solution to the highly complex problem which lies before us. It is all the more regrettable that, owing to Dr. Gurney's continued military service in Africa, I have been unable to consult him about the conclusions herein outlined. His basic materials are cited in this article as Gur. notes and Gur. MSS. In these footnotes current periodicals and text transcriptions are represented for the most part by the now familiar initial-letter abbreviations of their titles: the student will find a useful bibliography in Goetze's Kizzuwatna and the Problem of Geography (New Haven, 1940), pp. ix-xi. I use, however, KAF instead of KIF to represent Kleinasiatische Forschungen, and other occasional clarifications of the kind. I have also abandoned, as an obstacle to progress, the cumbersome method of referring to passages in the texts by the number of the tablet, obverse or reverse, column and line, etc., in cases where reliable translations are available. This applies in particular to Dr. Goetze's translations of Mursil's Annals, Hattusilis, and Madduwattas, which are cited in the abbreviated forms M. Ans., Hatt., and Madd., respectively, under the page number of that scholar's publications. Other occasional abbreviations include G.HE for Garstang, Empire; Kizz., for Goetze, Kizzuwatna and the Problem of Geography; and R. HG for Ramsay, Historical Georgraphy of Asia Minor. As there is no standard transliteration of placenames, some inconsistency may arise when quoting from other writers, and for this I ask the reader and the editor for their indulgence. The spelling of names has been simplified by the omission of unnecessary doubled consonants and diacritical marks. In all such names, s, usually written ?, = sh, and h, usually 6, = kh. Turkish place-names are rendered, so far as possible, by English consonants. Thus, chai for gay (a stream). 2 Its problems are discussed from different standpoints by Forrer, Forsch., Die Arzaova Ldnder (1926), pp. 29 f.; Goetze, Zur Geographie d. Hethiter Reichs, in KAF, 1927, pp. 108 ff., and OLZ, 1927, col. 527; again by Forrer, Kilikien z. Zeit d. HattiReichs in Klio, 1937, pp. 146 f.; and Goetze in his Kizzuwatna and the Problem of Geography, p. 52, n. 198. My own results will be found to approach those of Dr. Goetze closely; and this observation may be applied more widely, though the differences on our maps are still too apparent.