There is evidence in the literature that the effects of single set (SS) resistance training (RT) are similar to those of multiple sets (MS). This similarity is often attributed to the fact that most studies were conducted with untrained subjects, older or inexperienced in RT. PURPOSE To compare the effects of SS vs MS on gains in strength of male adults with previous experience in RT. METHODS Nineteen volunteers completed 14 weeks of a RT program consisting of 9 exercises performed with either one (SS: n = 10; 34.0±9.3 yr; 174.6±4.6 cm; 74.3±7.0 kg; 13.6±6.1 % fat) or three (MS: n = 9; 29.4±7.4 yr; 175.3±7.1 cm; 73.7±4.0 kg; 9.7±2.7 % fat) sets of 8–10 RM, three times/week. Five exercises (bench press, seated row, military press, right and left knee extensions) were tested for 1RM and 8–10RM pre and post training. Subjects were ranked by bench press 1RM in descending order and assigned to SS or MS according to an ABBA distribution. No sig. differences were found between groups in any of the pre-training dependent variables (1RM, 8–10RM for all exercise). RESULTS A repeated measures 2x2 ANOVA showed no group x test interaction, with sig. (p < .05) pre-post differences in both groups for all variables tested.Table: No Caption AvailableCONCLUSION RT with one set of 8–10RM promotes similar gains in strength as three sets on men with previous experience in RT.