Mild Steel In Acidic Solution Research Articles

Melamine derivatives as effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solution: Chemical, electrochemical, surface and DFT studies

In present study two condensation products of melamine (triazine) and glyoxal namely, 2,2-bis(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino)acetaldehyde (ME-1) and (N2,N2′E,N2,N2′E)–N2,N2′-(ethane-1,2-diylidene)-bis-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) (ME-2) are tested as mild steel corrosion inhibitors in acidic solution (1M HCl). The inhibition efficiency of ME-1 and ME-2 increases with increase in their concentrations and maximum values of 91.47% and 94.88% were derived, respectively at 100 mgL−1 (34.20 × 10−5 M) concentration. Adsorption of ME-1 and ME-2 on the surface of metal obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Polarization investigation revealed that ME-1 and ME-2 act as mixed type inhibitors with minor cathodic prevalence. The chemical and electrochemical analyses also supported by surface characterization methods where significant smoothness in the surface morphologies was observed in the images of SEM and AFM spectra. Several DFT indices such as EHOMO and ELUMO, ΔE, η, σ, χ, μ and ΔN were derived for both ME-1 and ME-2 molecules and correlated with experimental results. The DFT studies have also been carried out for protonated or cationic form of the inhibitor molecules by considering that in acidic medium the heteroatoms of organic inhibitors easily undergo protonation. The experimental and density functional theory (DFT) studies (neutral and protonated) were in good agreement.

Recent reviews on quinoline derivatives as corrosion inhibitors

AbstractTraditionally, controlling corrosion has been managed by various methods like cathodic protection, process control, reduction of the metal impurity content and application of surface treatment techniques as well as incorporation of suitable alloys. However, the use of corrosion inhibitors has proven to be the easiest and cheapest method for corrosion protection and prevention in acidic media. These inhibitors slow down the corrosion rate and thus prevent economic losses due to metallic corrosion on industrial vessels, equipment or surfaces. Many researchers have recently focused on corrosion prevention methods using organic inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solutions to mimic industrial processes. This paper arranges for an overview of types of corrosion, corrosion process and mainly recent work done on the application of quinolone derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for different metals.

Use of Asparagus racemosus extract as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4

The corrosion inhibition effect of Asparagus racemosus fruits extract, a species of asparagus common throughout Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, and the Himalayas, has been examined on mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 by using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The presence of this Sarsasapogenin-containing extract decreases the corrosion rate of mild steel in acidic solution. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency was observed at 100 mg L−1 inhibitor concentration in 0.5 M H2SO4. The adsorption of A. racemosus extract on the surface of mild steel has been investigated by using AFM study, SEM study, and absorption spectroscopic techniques. Due to the existence of heteroatoms in the main components, A. racemosus extract is considered to be a good inhibitor.

Functional polyaspartic acid derivatives as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4 solution.

To improve the corrosion inhibition efficiency of eco-friendly polyaspartic acid (PASP) for mild steel in acidic solutions, PASP/N-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (PD-1) and PASP/N-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole-co-n-dodecylamine (PD-2) were chemically synthesized by the facile ring-opening reaction of polysuccinimide. Inhibition efficiencies of PD-1 and PD-2 for mild steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution were investigated by electrochemical measurements (electrochemical impedance and polarization) and the weight loss method. In comparison with PASP, PD-1 and PD-2 show improved inhibition efficiencies due to the functional groups. In particular, PD-2 shows superior corrosion inhibition capacity, and the efficiency is up to 94% at a relatively low concentration of 100 mg L−1 at 298 K, as determined by potentiodynamic polarization measurements. Surface analysis of mild steel with PD-2 as an inhibitor clearly indicates that the inhibitor molecules adsorb on the steel surface and efficiently inhibit the corrosion of mild steel. The present work provides very meaningful results in designing and preparing new polymer inhibitors with high inhibition efficiency.

Use of Sida cordifolia extract as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4

The corrosion inhibition effect of Sida cordifolia extract, a perennial subshrub of the mallow family Malvaceae, has been examined on mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 by using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The presence of this Vasicinone, Vasicine and Vasicinol containing extract decreases the corrosion rate of mild steel in acidic solution. The best inhibition effect of Sida cordifolia extract for mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 was obtained at 500 mg/L using electrochemical and weight loss measurements. The adsorption of Sida cordifolia extract on the surface of mild steel has been investigated by using AFM study, SEM study and absorption spectroscopic techniques. Due to the existence of hetero atoms in the main components, Sida cordifolia extract is considered to be a good inhibitor.

Experimental study and Theoretical Simulations of Some Indolinone Based Mannich Bases as Novel Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acid Solutions

Experimental study and Theoretical Simulations of Some Indolinone Based Mannich Bases as Novel Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acid Solutions

Inhibitive Effect of L-Lysine on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Solutions

Inhibitive Effect of L-Lysine on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Solutions

Relationship between inhibition performance of melamine derivatives and molecular structure for mild steel in acid solution

The influence of substituent groups on the inhibition performance of the heterocyclic ring is attractive in the field of corrosion inhibitor. The modification of various polar functional groups including dimethylamino ethyl and dimethylamino propyl groups on melamine ring can endow these compounds with good water solubility and even high corrosion inhibition efficiency. The inhibition properties of five functional melamine compounds with methyl and different numbers of tertiary amino groups were investigated electrochemically and theoretically. The inhibition mechanisms of these inhibitors for mild steel in acid solution and the relationship between their inhibition performances and molecular structures are also discussed.

Crystal Structure and Corrosion Inhibition Properties of Ferrocenyl- and Phenylendiamine-Iminomethylphenoxy Cobalt Complexes

The crystal structures of bis[2-(ferrocenyl-iminomethyl)phenoxy]cobalt(II) (Co II (L) 2 ) [monoclinic, a = 12.5466(3) A, b = 10.6782(3) A, c = 21.2695(6) A, α = γ = 90°, β = 92.944(2)°, V = 2845.82(13) A3, Z = 4, space group P21/c] and bis(2-[(4-dimethylamino-phenylimino)-methyl]-phenoxy) cobalt (II) (Co II (M) 2 ) [triclinic, a = 10.2916(4) A, b = 16.4867(10) A, c = 17.6782(11) A, α = 114.754(2)°, β = 96.614(4)°, γ = 97.736(4), Z = 4, space group P-1] dominated by extensive hydrogen bonding such as O–H···N, N–H···O and N–H···N interactions. In both structures the central CoII is displaying a slightly distorted tetrahedral coordination sphere involving two iminoethyl-phenoxy ligands. The inhibition efficiency of the Co complexes concerning the corrosion of mild steel in acidic solution has been investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The crystal structures of two bis(iminomethylphenoxy) cobalt complexes containing respectively a ferrocenyl and a phenylendiamine group are described. First results on their inhibition properties concerning the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid are reported and discussed.

Longan seed and peel as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid solution: Experimental and theoretical studies

Longan seed and peel were extracted and used for impeding the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Experimental analyses indicate that the water extract of Longan’s seed and peel, a mixed type inhibitor, can be chemically adsorbed onto the steel surface, and its inhibition effect rises with increasing extract concentration. To understand the adsorption mechanism and the contributions of the four main compounds of the extract to corrosion protection effect, quantum chemical methods and infrared spectrum were also employed. Theoretically, four main antioxidant compounds were regarded as effective components in the water extract of Longan’s seed and peel.

Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendans) Extract as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Solution

Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendans) Extract as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Solution

Anticorrosive Activity of Schreabera swietenioids Leaves as Green Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Solution

Anticorrosive Activity of Schreabera swietenioids Leaves as Green Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Solution

Evaluating electronic structure of quinazolinone and pyrimidinone molecules for its corrosion inhibition effectiveness on target specific mild steel in the acidic medium: A combined DFT and MD simulation study

The quantum chemical calculations, based on density functional theory, have been implemented to explore the corrosion inhibition mechanism and the corresponding inhibition effectiveness of quinazolinone and pyrimidinone compounds, viz., 6-chloroquinazolin-4(3H)-one (Q1A); 2,3-dihydro-3-phenethyl-2-thioxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(1H)-one (Q1B) and 6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-3-phenethyl-2-thioxoquinazolin-4(1H)-one (Q1C) for mild steel in acidic solution. Global reactivity of the molecules related to the quantum chemical parameters such as EHOMO, ELUMO, energy gap (ΔE), softness (S), hardness (η) and fraction of electron transferred (ΔN) between the inhibitor molecule and the metal surface atom have been calculated and explored. In order to describe the reactive sites of the inhibitor molecules Fukui indices analysis has been performed. To mimic the real environment of corrosion inhibition, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations have also been modelled consisting of all concerned species (inhibitor molecule, H2O, H3O+ ion, SO42− ion and Fe surface) and thereby simulated by the consistent-valence force field (CVFF).

INHIBITIVE EFFECT OF DATE EXTRACT ON THE CORROSION OF CARBON STEEL IN ACIDIC MEDIA

The inhibitive effect of date extract on the corrosion of Carbon steel in 1M HCl solution has been investigated by weight loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The presence of this extract reduces remarkably the corrosion rate of mild steel in acidic solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentrations due to the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surface, this adsorption follows Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The inhibition efficiency was found to be 85.84% at 1.5V/V% in 1M HCl. Temperature studies revealed a decrease in efficiency with rise in temperature.

Green Approach to Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Lignin Sulfonate in Acidic Media

The inhibition effect of lignin sulfonate against corrosion for mild steel in acidic solution has been examined by means of FTIR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), FAA (flame atomic absorption) spectroscopy, SEM (scanning electron microscope), EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), and mass loss techniques. The results revealed that lignin is a beneficial inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in acidic medium. It has been further found that Langmuir adsorption isotherm is obeyed by the tested lignin's adsorption over the surface of mild steel. The range of inhibition efficiency (IE) in 2 mol · L−1 HCl was found to be 75.88 % − 87.88% for Reax 88A, 10.72% − 60.32% for Reax 88B, and 51.32% − 63.03% for Reax 100M, after immersed at 298 K for 24 h time.

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Acidic Solution by Apricot Gum as a Green Inhibitor

The inhibitive effect of apricot gum AG on mild steel in 0.5 M phosphoric acid solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy EIS, linear polarization resistance and electrochemical noise EN techniques. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing AG concentration up to a certain value and decreased with increasing temperature. Polarization curves indicated that AG acts as a mixed type inhibitor. The EN data were analyzed by statistical and wavelet methods. The results obtained from analysis of EN data was in good agreement with those arising from the polarization and EIS measurements. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the alloy surface in 0.5 M H3PO4 followed the Langmuir isotherm. According to the calculated values of free energy and enthalpy adsorption it was revealed that the adsorption of inhibitor on the steel surface was a combination of physical and chemical adsorption. The morphologies of the uninhibited and inhibited mild steel surfaces in 0.5 M H3PO4 were analyzed by scanning electron microscope SEM. SEM images showed that the alloy surface damage is significantly decreased in presence of the inhibitor.

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel using Novel Bis Schiff’s Bases as corrosion inhibitors: Electrochemical and Surface measurement

Purpose: The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the corrosion inhibiting properties of four novel synthesize compounds namely N1,N1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N4-(4-nitrobenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine) SB-I, N1,N1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N4-benzylidenebenzene-1,4-diamine) SB-II, N1,N1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N4-(4-methylbenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine) SB-III, N1,N1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N4-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine) SB-IV for mild steel in 1M HCl. Corrosion inhibitors find wide application in industries during pickling of steel, descaling and oil well acidization. Inhibitors have attracted great attention due to cost effectiveness and simplicity of the methods. Method: Different experimental techniques such as weight loss, open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization were used to evaluate the corrosion inhibition performance of SBs for mild steel in acid solution. After the corrosion experiments, the surface morphology of metal surface in the absence and presence of SBs were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). Findings: The corrosion inhibition efficiency of SBs for mild steel are 71.42% (SB-I), 89.52 (SB-II), 92.85 (SB-III), 96.19 (SB-IV). Tafel polarization revealed that all the SBs behaved as mixed-type inhibitor but predominantly of cathodic type. The inhibition actions of these Schiff base molecules blocked the electrode surface by means of adsorption of the inhibitor molecule on metal surface, obeying the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. SEM/AFM studies of the metal surfaces confirm the protection of metal surface in presence of inhibitor as compared to the damaged surface in blank acid solution.

Recent Natural Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel: An Overview

Traditionally, reduction of corrosion has been managed by various methods including cathodic protection, process control, reduction of the metal impurity content, and application of surface treatment techniques, as well as incorporation of suitable alloys. However, the use of corrosion inhibitors has proven to be the easiest and cheapest method for corrosion protection and prevention in acidic media. These inhibitors slow down the corrosion rate and thus prevent monetary losses due to metallic corrosion on industrial vessels, equipment, or surfaces. Inorganic and organic inhibitors are toxic and costly and thus recent focus has been turned to develop environmentally benign methods for corrosion retardation. Many researchers have recently focused on corrosion prevention methods using green inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solutions to mimic industrial processes. This paper provides an overview of types of corrosion, corrosion process, and mainly recent work done on the application of natural plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel.

A Spectroscopic Ferrozine-Based Assay for the Calculation of Corrosion Rate and Inhibition Efficiency by <I>Schleichera oleosa</I> Leaf and Bark as an Inhibitor

In the present investigation, corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic solutions has been tested primarily via weight loss tests. Further the test solutions were tested by spectroscopic method as ferrozine as a reagent. By using this method, the corrosion rate of mild steel in various time interval and inhibition efficiencies of leaf and bark extracts of Schleichra oleosa were calculated. Ferrous ion chelating ability of extracts and total phenol content in extracts were calculated using the reagents such as ferric chloride and foloin-ciocalteau reagents respectively. The results of both weight loss as well as spectroscopic methods were found to comparable. The result of the present study has a promising effect in both industrial and day to day livings.

Quantum chemical and experimental investigations on equipotent effects of (+)R and (−)S enantiomers of racemic amisulpride as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic solution

The potential of amisulpride drug as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1M HCl has thoroughly been investigated by electrochemical methods. Polarization curves showed that this compound has high inhibiting properties for steel corrosion in acidic solution and the inhibition efficiency increased with the increase in inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the surface of steel has been found to obey a Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the influence of temperature on the adsorption of inhibitors onto a mild steel surface has been reported. Quantum chemical computations at the density functional theory have been applied to study the inhibition performance of (+)R and (−)S enantiomers of racemic amisulpride. The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) approach has also been used to correlate the quantum chemical parameters with the experimentally determined inhibition efficiencies.