Acute inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system do not, as a rule, give signs of a tumor of the brain, such as papilledema, for instance. Although they are mentioned in very few instances, such changes in the optic nerve are of great practical importance for, in suggesting the possibility of a tumor of the brain, they may lead to a wrong prognosis and improper line of treatment. As instances, two cases are here briefly recorded. REPORT OF CASES Case 1. History. —C., a boy, aged 11 years, admitted to the pediatric service (Dr. Julius Hess) of Cook County Hospital on Jan. 24, 1929, during the previous two weeks, had had frequent attacks of vomiting and headaches, pain in the upper portion of the abdomen, soreness in both ankles and a mild dry cough. The delivery was normal. The patient had never had convulsions or other ailments. One year previously,
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