Fertility Migration Research Articles

Regional Demographic Development.

This book contains revised versions of papers originally presented at a 1977 conference. The papers are concerned with regional demographic development in Great Britain. Four major topics are considered: population history fertility migration and population projections (ANNOTATION)

The Relationship between Migration and Fertility in an Historical Context: The Case of Morocco in the 1960s

This paper explores the relationship between migration and fertility on the basis of data from a survey in the nine largest cities of Morocco in 1966. The findings suggest that this relationship depends on both the origin and historical context of migration streams. Women who migrated from villages before 1956, date of the independence of Morocco, had the highest fertility of any group. Post-1956 migrants, from urban or rural origin, had the lowest fertility of any group. Controlling for the effects of age at marriage and various socioeconomic factors reduced the fertility differentials but did not change their pattern. It is hypothesized that social mobility may explain the lower fertility of recent migrants.

Migration and fertility in Thailand, 1960-1970

A full assessment of the changing levels and rates of urbanization in less developed countries must include an evaluation of the roles of migration and fertility with particular attention to the comparative fertility of nonmigrant and migrant women in both urban and rural places. The present research draws data from sample tapes of the 1960 and 1970 Censuses of Thailand to analyze the fertility of migrants to Bangkok in relation to that of migrant women in smaller urban places and in rural areas and in comparison to nonmigrant women in the various residence categories. Account is taken on the timing of migration and the place of origin. Fertility is measured in terms of total children ever born. The findings indicate almost no differences between the fertility levels of lifetime migrants and those of native residents at place of destination. By contrast the fertility of 5-year migrants is below that of nonmigrants at both destination and origin with the lowest fertility characterizing women moving to Bangkok from other urban places. Overriding the differences by migraton status are the urban-rural differentials. Considerably higher rural fertility persists even after migration status is controlled. Fertility is higher in smaller urban places than in Bangkok. Morevover urban-origin migrants have lower fertility than those from rural places in each residence category but the lowest fertility is found among urban-origin migrants to Bangkok and the highest among rural-origin migrants to other rural areas suggesting that factors associated with both the selection and the adjustment of migrants have joint impact on fertility levels. (Authors modified)

ALTITUDE AND FERTILITY

Evidence frorn physiological studies indicates that hypoxia may act as a stress that reduces fecundity; and in human populations resident at high altitude there is evidence of reduced fe~i1ity (James, 1966). In this paper the fertility ofhigh Andean populations is described with reference to the ecological and social contexto An analysis of high Andean energy flow (Thomas, 1972) indicates that children are an economic asset, and consideration of the social organization of high Andean rural communities supports this view. A study of the fertility of migrants from high to low altitude indicates that reproductive performance increases with the removal of the stress of hypoxia (Abelson et al. 1974). lt is therefore concluded that the reduced fertility observed in high Andean populations is due to the elfect ofhypoxia on human fecundity.

Mass immigration and population dynamics in israel

Israel, in her 25 years of existence, received an unprecedented volume of immigration, which was the major source of her high population growth. This immigration was heavily concentrated in the first five years, 1948-1952; mass immigration of 711,000 supplemented an initial population of 630;000. Subsequently, since 1952, a very peculiar age-sex structure has developed: namely, instead of a pyramid, a wide rectangle for the younger age groups "topped" with a narrow pyramid for the older age groups. The peculiar age-sex dynamics is analyzed in relation to the volume of immigration with its uneven time distribution, the age selectivity of migrants and fertility-mortality patterns of migrants. It is concluded that the uneven time distribution of immigration and the higher fertility of migrants are jointly responsible for the development of Israel's peculiar age dynamics, and that the absence of either of these two factors alone would eliminate it. The peculiar dynamics has societal implications in the short and the long run, some of which are discussed.

Migrant Fertility Adjustment and Urban Growth in Latin America

Policy-makers and scholars alike have expressed concern over the high rates of urban concentration or metropolization of the Latin American population in recent decades. Causation of a substantial, though variable proportion of this phenomenon is attributable to urbanwards migrations from smaller centers and rural areas. The purpose of the present paper is to examine two interrelated sub-questions generated by the massive movement of people into large metropolitan areas of Latin America. First, we will be concerned with investigating fertility differentials between natives and different groups of migrants as an exercise in the study of the adjustment of migrant behaviour to life in larger cities. Secondly, we will concentrate on ascertaining the direct and indirect contribution made by migrants to metropolitan city growth in selected Latin American cities.

On the Reconciliation of Research Findings of Migrant-Nonmigrant Fertility Differentials in Urban Areas

Studies of migrant fertility in urban areas date back prior to World War I (Thomas 1938). In the United States detailed analysis of migrant-native differentials in urban settings began as early as 1938 (Kiser 1938) and today there is a substantial and growing body of literature concerning the relationship between migration and fertility (for a comprehensive bibliography see Myers and Macisco 1975). In recent years however as information has become available from a wider variety of social settings and demographers report findings that seem inconsistent we seem to be suffering from an embarrassment of riches. For it has become increasingly difficult to reconcile contradictions mush less integrate research results into a meaningful and coherent whole. It is not surprising therefore that the concern for additional and more detailed data is acute. Though we share this concern we fell that such information will be of much greater significance if analyzed in the context of a more profound understanding and appreciation of current knowledge. Existing literature serves unfortunately as an inadequate guide to research because of the many unresolved contradictions. The goal of this paper is to account for and suggest ways of reconciling these inconsistencies. To the extent that we are successful we should be in a better position to discern and interpret empirical regularities. (excerpt)

Migrant Fertility Adjustment and Urban Growth in Latin America

Migrant Fertility Adjustment and Urban Growth in Latin America

Factors Affecting Fertility of Natives and Migrants in Urban Brazil

Factors Affecting Fertility of Natives and Migrants in Urban Brazil

Factors affecting fertility of natives and migrants in urban Brazil

Abstract Modernization is expected to change the patterns of population growth of developing countries. The primary reason explaining the fast rate of population growth of these nations has been established as that of the reductions of mortality! which marks the first stage of demographic transition. The second stage in this process is the reduction in fertility which counterbalances lowered mortality and therefore reduces the rate of population growth. This latter phase has been achieved in modern industrial societies.

The Fertility of Migrants to and within North America

The Fertility of Migrants to and within North America