Middle Name Research Articles

Positive Politeness in “James Corden on Final Week of the Late Late Show” Video

This research analyzed positive politeness strategies using Brown & Levinson (1987) theory in the video "James Corden on Final Week of The Late Late Show." A descriptive qualitative method and Sugiyono (2013) observational approach was employed. The researcher followed a systematic process that included watching the video, identifying positive politeness utterances, and categorizing them based on the 15 strategies proposed by Brown & Levinson. The analysis revealed a total of 27 instances of positive politeness. The fifth strategy, seeking agreement, was the most frequently observed, appearing 14 times. This strategy often involved responses that affirmed or agreed with the speaker's statements, contributing to a harmonious and cooperative interaction. Other identified strategies included exaggerating (found once), intensifying interest to the hearer (found twice), avoiding disagreement (found four times), presupposing or raising or asserting (found four times), and joking (found twice). Exaggeration was seen when Jimmy enthusiastically responded "Absolutely" instead of a simple "yes." Intensifying interest was demonstrated through James's father's captivating storytelling, which engaged Jimmy's curiosity. Avoiding disagreement was evident when James chose a vague response to Jimmy's comment about his middle name. Presupposing, raising, or asserting was used by James with filler words like "you know" to create a sense of shared understanding. Joking was exemplified by Jimmy's humorous introduction to James, which entertained the audience. The remaining nine strategies from Brown & Levinson's framework were not observed in the data. This study provides insights into the use of positive politeness in media discourse, highlighting the practical applications of these strategies in maintaining positive social interactions.

Name changing and gender

Name changing is an under-researched topic in socio-onomastics. In this article, we extend knowledge of and understanding about gender and name changing by analysing ‘enrolled deed polls’, which people in the United Kingdom can use to change any part or all parts of their names. We examine which names are changed in relation to gender, including those we linked to transitions in gender identity. Our quantitative analyses of 10 665 enrolled deed polls for the period 1998–2019 shows that, over time, women have replaced men as the majority of applicants for name change and that, compared to men, women are more likely to make ‘surname only’ changes to their name. Among men applicants, there was an increase over time in changes made to first and middle names (a doubled figure in 2019 compared to 1998). Although case numbers are small, of the name changes we attributed to gender transition, the majority were changes made to the applicant’s first name and/or middle name. Our article concludes by reflecting on what our analysis of otherwise unexamined records of enrolled deed polls reveals about the (re)doing of gender identities through name changing in contemporary societies.

NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM BUKU INSECURITY IS MY MIDDLE NAME DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

This research aims to find out the character education values in the book Insecurity is My Middle Name by Alvi Syahrin and find out its relevance to Islamic religious education. The type of research used in this study is library research, where data sources are obtained from library research. The data collection technique uses documentation techniques, namely data collection obtained from primary data, namely the book Insecurity is My Middle Name by Alvi Syahrin, and secondary data, books that have similar discussions and can complement and answer problems. The data validity technique used is theoretical triangulation, while the analysis used is content analysis. The results showed that the character education values in the book Insecurity is My Middle Name by Alvi Syahrin are; Character (a) religious (b) Nationalist (c) Independent (d) cooperation (e) Integrity. The eleven character education values also have relevance to Islamic religious education, especially on the values of; (1) faith (2) Sharia (3) morals.

Toward an Onomastic Account of Vietnamese Surnames

This article presents a comprehensive exploration of Vietnamese surnames, with a specific focus on those attributed to the Kinh people, from an onomastic perspective. Beginning with a broad overview of general studies on Vietnamese names, the paper introduces the prevailing name structure, which follows the format [Surname + (Middle name) + Given name]. The study then delves into a careful examination of Vietnamese surnames, addressing key facets such as their origin, distinctive characteristics, quantity, and distribution. Notably, the article emphasizes the widespread usage of the Nguyễn surname, offering arguments and insights into its prevalence. Furthermore, the paper discusses the intricate nature of the meanings associated with Vietnamese surnames and highlights the legal considerations surrounding them. By combining historical context with cultural significance, the article aims to provide valuable insights into the complexities inherent in Vietnamese surnames. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the historical roots and cultural significance of Kinh group surnames within the broader context of Vietnamese onomastics.

Transformer-based Approach for Gender Prediction using Vietnamese Names

Gender prediction based on names is an important task with various applications. In this study, we used the PhoBERT model to predict gender and compared its performance with traditional classifiers such as Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Random Forest. We evaluated the performance of these methods on the GenderVN 1.0 dataset, which consists of over 3 million Vietnamese name samples. Additionally, we analyzed the impact of removing family names or using only middle names on the prediction results. The experimental results showed that the PhoBERT model outperformed traditional classifiers, achieving an accuracy of 92.3%, compared to 90.9% for previously applied methods on the GenderVN 1.0 dataset. This study also demonstrates that using the PhoBERT model for this task can lead to reduced training data requirements without compromising prediction accuracy. These findings contribute to the advancement of gender prediction methodologies and establish a solid groundwork for future research in this domain.

Armenia and Iran

Abstract This paper focuses on the worship of Anāhitā in Western Asia examining some of the ideas put forward by James R. Russel in his volume on Zoroastrianism in Armenia in the light of more recent discussions about the role played by the goddess in Armenian religion before the conversion of the country to Christianity. While the evidence from more ancient periods has also been briefly presented, specific attention is given to Anāhīd’s worship in the Sasanian period and to the devotion of Narseh to this divinity. Finally, Middle Persian personal names containing the theonym Anāhīd are briefly introduced and discussed, showing that this important divinity is underrepresented in Sasanian and post-Sasanian onomastics.

A 150-Year Debate over Surnames vs. Patronymics in Iceland

Iceland stands out in today’s Europe due to the fact that most Icelanders use patronymics rather than surnames. However, a small percentage of Icelanders do have surnames inherited in a fixed form. The first surnames were adopted in the 17th and 18th centuries. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, increasing numbers of Icelanders were taking up surnames, often Danicized or Latinized versions of Icelandic patronymics or place names. The practice became controversial with the rise of the independence movement, which was closely connected to linguistic purism. The use of surnames in Iceland has been debated since the 19th century. Whereas the other Nordic countries introduced legislation requiring citizens to have surnames, Iceland went in the opposite direction, forbidding new surnames starting in 1925. However, the surnames that were already in use were allowed to remain in circulation. This created an inequality which has haunted Icelandic name law discourse since. Having a surname in Iceland has often been linked with social prestige, and surnames have been perceived as a limited good. Since the 1990s, the fraction of Icelanders with surnames has increased through immigration and some liberalizations in the rules regarding the inheritance of existing Icelandic surnames. In the name of gender equity, surnames can be inherited along any line, not only patrilineal. Since 1996, immigrants seeking Icelandic citizenship are no longer required to change their names, and their children can inherit their surnames. The category of millinöfn (middle name), surname-like names that are not inflected for gender, was introduced in the 1996 law; some Icelanders with millinöfn use them as surnames in daily life even if they officially have patronymics. Despite the expansion in eligibility to take surnames, the basic principle that no new Icelandic surnames are allowed remains in the law and remains a point of contention. Many of the same themes—individual freedom vs. the preservation of cultural heritage, national vs. international orientation, gender equity—have recurred in the discourse over more than a century, reframed in the context of contemporary cultural values at any given time.

How a Song can be Exhibited in a Music Museum

This paper will focus on the folksongs of people living in Napo, Nanning, and Funin in Guangxi Autonomous Region and Yunnan province. The study was initiated with the experience of working at the new Music Museum of the city of Nanning established within the campus of Guangxi Arts University. Since this is a Music Museum, arrangements were made to exhibit a sample repertoire of folksongs from this region in addition to all the interesting musical instruments. This was a very difficult task as it is a well observable fact that a song does not exist in a single version as it moves from one place to another, and changes all the time. This paper is about the experiences during this particular activity and how these difficulties had to be mastered. There might be others who face the same difficulties. As such, this paper may help find solution for the problems encountered by other music museums. Technically, this is the elaboration about a topic strongly connected to live interviews and personally collected statistics that were found through an intense personal presence in the mentioned area. The reference style had to be adapted to these circumstances. In order to make information traceable, many parts of the references carry translations in square brackets behind the transliteration. Also, Chinese names are left as a whole despite starting with the family name, the middle name and given names are tremendously important for identification. Name characters are presented in square brackets. Material can be obtained upon request made per email to the author.

The Effect of Option Differences on Psychometric Properties of Items in Likert-Type Scales

Likert-type scales are often used in education and psychology. In Likert-type scales, response options/categories, like items, are expected not to direct individuals’ responses. Although the researchers themselves make decision on how to arrange categories during scale development, it is possible that different categories reveal different response behaviors. In the literature, it has been observed that differentiations in the number of categories of forms are studied more, yet there are a limited number of studies investigating the middle category in the forms with different labels. Furthermore, it has also been observed that there are limited number of empirical studies conducted based on polytomous Item Response Theory. This study, which was conducted to close this gap in the literature, was carried out with 377 students. The options of the attitude scale were denominated with different labels, and thus four different forms were generated. Only the middle category names were changed in the first three forms, and in the fourth form, the categories were graded. The data obtained from the forms were analyzed using the Graded Response Model and the Generalized Partial Credit Model depending on Item Response Theory. After the examination of reliability of the forms, the parameters in these forms, and the relationships between the parameters according to both models, inferences were made as to how the differences of the middle category in the forms had an effect on the perceptions of individuals.

PSEUDONYMS INCLUDING CHURCH SLAVONIC NAMES OF CYRILLIC LETTERS: STRUCTURE AND METHODS OF FORMATION ARTICLE 2

In the second article of a series devoted to the study of the structure and methods of formation of pseudonyms, which include in their composition Church Slavonic names of Cyrillic letters (based on the Dictionary of Pseudonyms of Russian Writers, Scientists and Public Figures by I.F. Masanov), complex pseudonyms are analyzed. It is established that they may include one or more Church Slavonic names of Cyrillic letters; complex pseudonyms can be motivated by the author’s name entirely (all components are the names of Cyrillic letters and correlate with the first name, patronymic and/or surname of the author) or partially (at least one of the components does not correlate with the first name, patronymic and/or surname of the author), or not motivated by the author’s name. The analysis of the material shows that in complex pseudonyms motivated by the author’sonym, the names of the letters that form the pseudonym are arranged in the order corresponding to the combination ‘author’s first name - surname’ or ‘author’s first name - middle name’, regardless of whether it corresponds to the order of the letters in the alphabet. It is found that in a number of cases the same authors used motivated simple and complex pseudonyms, correlated with different producing bases. A special group among pseudonyms motivated by the author’sonym are combinations of the Church Slavonic name of the first letter of the surname and the first letter of the first name or full name of the author. It is established that the use of the name of a letter when creating a complex pseudonym is often combined with the language game of the author, who resorts to the transformation of a precedent text (proverb, Church Slavonic cliché, two-word Church Slavonic name of a letter, etc.).

Race and ethnicity data for first, middle, and surnames

We provide the largest compiled publicly available dictionaries of first, middle, and surnames for the purpose of imputing race and ethnicity using, for example, Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG). The dictionaries are based on the voter files of six U.S. Southern States that collect self-reported racial data upon voter registration. Our data cover the racial make-up of a larger set of names than any comparable dataset, containing 136 thousand first names, 125 thousand middle names, and 338 thousand surnames. Individuals are categorized into five mutually exclusive racial and ethnic groups — White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Other — and racial/ethnic probabilities by name are provided for every name in each dictionary. We provide both probabilities of the form ℙ(race|name) and ℙ(name|race), and conditions under which they can be assumed to be representative of a given target population. These conditional probabilities can then be deployed for imputation in a data analytic task for which self-reported racial and ethnic data is not available.

The Middle Daughter by Chika Unigwe

Reviewed by: The Middle Daughter by Chika Unigwe Delight Ejiaka CHIKA UNIGWE The Middle Daughter Ann Arbor, Michigan. Dzanc Books. 2023. 312 Pages. THE MIDDLE DAUGHTER is set in contemporary Enugu in the heart of eastern Nigeria. It revolves around a family who suffered tragic loss and the ways their trauma-coping mechanisms complicate life, while commenting on Nigeria's upper-middle-class echelon and the dichotomy of moving up or down the social ladder through marriage. It explores the vulnerability of grief and fragility of relationships. It takes a cursory look at the family unit and considers how pressure can pull apart a once steady family structure, while shedding light on the healthcare system, women's reproductive rights, "surrogacy," and baby factories in Nigeria. The first line of the novel, "I fear the man who is my husband," is bench-pressing so many thematic weights. It layers a sense of foreboding by piquing the reader's curiosity and foreshadowing events connected to abuse. The story opens with news of Udodi's death, the first daughter, who pursued higher education in the United States and crashed in an accident a week before her return to Enugu. After her death, the family is thrown into irreconcilable grief that feels impossible to escape. Unigwe writes, "Udodi's death was the beginning of the raging storm but at that moment, we thought that the worst had already happened, and that life would treat us with more kindness." Nani, the protagonist and middle child, is othered in so many subtle ways. The names of the first and last daughters start with a U: Udodi and Ugo. Both names signify peace and abundance, respectively. However, the middle child's name starts with an N: Nani. Aside from being othered by the lettering of her name, Nani means "scarcity," a direct contrast to the abundance and goodwill of her sisters' names. The otherness that was prophesied in her name manifests consistently and drives her into exile for several years. Nani is engrossed in her grief and numb to the advancement of the people in her life who are "successfully" navigating their pain. Her desire for visibility through subtle acts of rebellion leaves her vulnerable and creates the domino that upends her life. She experiences debilitating levels of scarcity, deprivation, and violence till she shatters like a clay pot left to burn in the kiln for too long. The book features multiple POVs from other major characters. It is punctuated by The chorus, a series of poems, narrated by Udodi, who lyricizes the cultural and mythological context of the characters' lives through an omniscient lens. The writing in the book is compelling and grounds the reader in its scenes. The novel is fast-paced and plot-driven with great character development that propels the reader through the pages. There are so many life-altering events that the reader will be left gasping for air. Unigwe raises the stakes of the story with every chapter until it crescendos and leaves the audience devastated. Delight Ejiaka University of Nevada, Las Vegas Copyright © 2023 World Literature Today and the Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma

R. Ross Holloway, 1934–2022

R. Ross Holloway, 1934–2022

Birds in Medieval English Poetry: Metaphors, Realities, Transformations

Birds in Medieval English Poetry: Metaphors, Realities, Transformations

Corrigendum: The influenza hemagglutinin stem antibody CR9114: Evidence for a narrow evolutionary path towards universal protection

Please tick as appropriate:Details of author(s) to be added to the manuscript (If the statement currently in the Manuscript/Proof is correct, please leave the below blank)AB and JF contributed equally to the writing of this article. AB, JF, CK, JK and JG designed this article. WK, GA, CK, and JG contributed to the article and provided critical remarks. KW and GAFN performed the structural analysis, JK analyzed the in vitro neutralization data for the landscape. AP and MMD contributed to the parts regarding the evolutionary pathway of pan-influenza protection. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.AB, JF, CK, JK, WK, GA, and JG have disclosed that they are employees of Leyden Laboratories with stock options in this company.The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Please provide the final authors list in the order they should appear in the final publicationNote that the final spelling and presentation of Author names (special characters, middle names, etc) will be as provided in the Manuscript/Proof. * By signing this form you agree a) for your name to added to/removed from the manuscript, b) to the new Author Contribution, Conflict of Interest and Acknowledgment statements and c) to the final author's list as listed in the form.

Addressing census data problems in race imputation via fully Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding and name supplements.

Prediction of individuals' race and ethnicity plays an important role in studies of racial disparity. Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG), which relies on detailed census information, has emerged as a leading methodology for this prediction task. Unfortunately, BISG suffers from two data problems. First, the census often contains zero counts for minority groups in the locations where members of those groups reside. Second, many surnames-especially those of minorities-are missing from the census data. We introduce a fully Bayesian BISG (fBISG) methodology that accounts for census measurement error by extending the naïve Bayesian inference of the BISG methodology. We also use additional data on last, first, and middle names taken from the voter files of six Southern states where self-reported race is available. Our empirical validation shows that the fBISG methodology and name supplements substantially improve the accuracy of race imputation, especially for racial minorities.

The Witch's Familiar

The Witch's Familiar Alit Karp (bio) Translation from the Hebrew Click for larger view View full resolution Photo by Joachim Pressl on Unsplash [End Page 14] Click for larger view View full resolution A few days into a third lockdown, a cat and her human companion have differing views about how to handle an army of slugs attacking the petunias. My cat P., of uncertain parentage, helps me with the gardening. The status of the petunias I purchased at the plant nursery just a few days ago, on the eve of the third lockdown, is rather poor. "They don't have any leaves at all," P. says, as if I haven't noticed that myself. "Who ate them?" we ask one another, without answer. "Listen," I tell her. "Let's lay in ambush tonight and see what's going on." "Ambush is my middle name," P. says, as if I didn't know that she ambushes me in my bed every night by stalking my legs, which she apparently likens to giant mice, so that she can pounce on them. But since there are all sorts of mutually agreed-upon lies between us, and since we try to preserve a status quo that would not be worth upsetting after so many years together on account of a few minor inaccuracies, I keep my mouth shut. In the evening, we sit on the couch watching the news. I'm under the blanket and she's on top of it, but that's only because I'm afraid that if I let her under the covers, she'll bite me at the first opportunity. During a commercial break I tell her, "Don't you remember we planned to stand guard in the garden this evening?" "Ummm …" she responds. "Do 'guard' and 'garden' come from the same root?" (You must understand, my cat P. did not have the benefit of a proper education, and her knowledge of language and her knowledge in general are products of her natural intelligence alone.) "No," I tell her. "They are spelled differently." But I know that the point of her question is really just to distract us from the need to go outside. And yet we go. Just as I'm about to illuminate the plants with the flashlight on my cell phone, P. reminds me that she descends from tigers and is blessed with night vision. "It's the slugs, those thugs," she says. (She has a musical ear and a knack for language, as you've no doubt noticed.) And indeed, an army of slugs had stationed itself on whatever was left of my flowers, while a force of armored snails had already advanced to devour my strawberries. This does not fit in with my plans. Quite a few years ago, my husband and I traveled together with our daughter to Sweden one summer. The friend who hosted us had taken upon herself the responsibility of caring for the garden allotment of another friend who was away from the city on a trip. This garden was part of a large park area located in a central location in Stockholm. Yes, that's how it works. In Stockholm you can rent a pea patch to cultivate in the center of the city. Sometimes in the summers you'll see an old lady riding the subway carrying a basket with large zucchini, a bundle of carrots, and other such vegetables. If you've ever encountered an old woman of this sort, you can be certain that for the next two weeks her family will be eating watery vegetable stews from her garden. In any case, this friend of my friend never grew vegetables. Her garden was full of strawberries, only strawberries. I had never seen such strawberries. The bushes they grew on were enormous, and the red, ripe, sweet strawberries poked out everywhere. In the absence of the owner, we watered the garden plot and raided the strawberries. We devoured them until we nearly burst, and our lips turned red as blood. "Mother," asked my daughter—this was her first visit to Sweden since we had left many years ago, "why is it so green here...

King of Kings Ardashir I as Xerxes in the Late Antique Latin Sources

The last ruler of the Severan dynasty, Emperor Severus Alexander had to face an entirely new threat in Mesopotamia, because in 224 AD the Parthian royal house of the Arsacids, which had ruled in the East for nearly half a millennium, was dethroned by the Neo-Persian Sasanian dynasty and the new rulers of Persia were extremely hostile to the Roman Empire. The vast majority of the late antique Latin sources (Aurelius Victor, Eutropius, Festus, Jerome, Orosius, Cassiodorus, Iordanes) call the first Sasanian monarch, Ardashir I (reigned 224–241 AD), who was at war with Rome between 231 and 233 AD, Xerxes, although the Greek equivalent of the Middle Persian name Ardashir is Artaxerxes, as used by the Greek sources. In the Latin textual tradition we can find the correct Greek name of Ardashir only in the Historia Augusta. The paper seeks answers to the question of why Ardashir was usually called Xerxes by late antique Latin sources.

On the Use of Proper Nouns in Modern Russian-language Prose
 (Based on the Anthroponyms of D. Rubina’s Trilogy
 «The Russian Canary»)

The article considers the lexical layer of proper names (anthroponyms) used by D. Rubina in her trilogy «The Russian Canary» in accordance with their distribution into thematic groups. We analyze the trilogy anthroponyms selected
 by the continuous sampling method, their various lexical images, which is the basis for the distribution of material among thematic groups according to the generally accepted classification. The article considers filling of groups from various points of view: origin, area of use, transformation of proper names, etc. As
 a result of the lexical stratum analysis of proper names (anthroponyms), the study presents distribution of the trilogy vocabulary in groups. The results of the study are as follows: the anthroponyms of D. Rubina’s trilogy «The Russian Canary» are represented in a fairly large number of lexical
 units, which makes it possible to make a detailed and complete analysis; they are divided into 6 main thematic groups, such as «name», «middle name», «last name», «nickname», «pseudonym», «onomathet»; the largest group is the «Names» and the smallest one is the «Pseudonyms». The article is a continuation of the lexical content study of D.I. Rubina’strilogy «The Russian Canary».

“How Does Nature Deify Us”

“How Does Nature Deify Us”