Middle Line Research Articles

Transcription factor FOXD1 and miRNA-204-5p play a major role in B4GALNT2 downregulation in colon cancer

The β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4GALNT2) which synthesizes the histo-blood group antigen Sda is highly expressed by normal colon, but it is dramatically down-regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). High B4GALNT2 expression in CRC tissues is a marker of longer survival. The molecular bases of B4GALNT2 inhibition in CRC are largely obscure. A key role may be played by transcription factors and miRNA. Through an in silico analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, we identified the transcription factors FOXD1, FOXF2 and PGR as well as mir-204-5p as potential inhibitory agents. Their transient transfection in the cell line GP2d, whose B4GALNT2 is closer to that of a normal mucosa, confirmed their inhibitory activity with a crucial role for FOXD1. The latter inhibited B4GALNT2 also in the middle B4GALNT2 expresser cell line Caco2. Deletion experiments of the putative FOXD1 binding sites in the ~ 2800 bp sequence upstream of the B4GALNT2 transcriptional start site cloned in frame with the luciferase reporter gene, confirmed the regulatory role of FOXD1. Finally, FOXD1 knock down in the non-B4GALNT2 expresser cell line SW948 stimulated B4GALNT2. Thus, FOXD1 and miR-204-5p emerged as crucial new player of B4GALNT2 down-regulation in CRC.

Tooth replacement of the filter-feeding pterosaur Forfexopterus and its implications for ecological adaptation

Abstract A “comb-dentition”, characterized by long, needle-like, and closely-spaced teeth, is found in the ctenochasmatid pterosaurs as an adaptation for filter-feeding. However, little is known about their tooth replacement pattern, hindering our understanding of the development of the filter-feeding apparatus of the clade. Here, we describe the tooth replacement of the pterosaur Forfexopterus from the Jehol Biota based on high-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction. As in the ornithocheirid Coloborhynchus, the tooth germs are relatively medially positioned along the middle line; the replacement teeth erupt at the posteromedial side of the functional tooth; no more than one replacement tooth present in each alveolus. The replacement teeth are less than half of the length of the full-grown tooth, and alternatively positioned along the tooth row. The alternatively-positioned young and mature functional teeth are dominant and abrased, maintaining the active tooth-tooth occlusion of the filter-feeding apparatus. Reconstruction of Zahnreihen shows an average Z-spacing of 2.02, comparable to that of the simple alternate replacement (Z-spacing = 2) between odd- and even-numbered tooth positions in reptiles. Based on comparisons with Balaenognathus, Ctenochasma, and Pterodaustro, the tooth replacement pattern appears to be varied in ctenochasmatids, and needs to be further studied in the future.

Research on hull curved plate surface flattening method based on Dijkstra search and compass intersection solving

Abstract The change of the surface curvature during the line heating forming process of ship outer plates changes the spatial position of frame lines on the surface, which makes it challenging to locate the position of frame lines during the digital plate-forming inspection. It is necessary to establish the mapping between the frame line data of complex surface shape and the corresponding data in the two-dimensional flattening state with the help of surface flattening algorithms, so as to obtain the spatial position of the frame line data of outer plates in the actual forming state. A Dijkstra-compass intersection-solving algorithm is proposed to achieve surface flattening of ship outer plates. Firstly, the point cloud data of the outer plate shape surface is interpolated and fitted by NURBS to obtain the surface data of the outer plate. Then, the Dijkstra search algorithm is used to find the geodesic, and the frame line curvature is calculated according to the triangular similarity law. Finally, the geodesic line and the middle frame line are expanded, and the surface flattening data is obtained by further expanding the mesh points. This method is used to flatten the cylindrical and circular table surfaces, and the flattening error is less than 3mm compared with theoretical values. The test results show that the proposed method can effectively flatten the three-dimensional surface of the ship’s outer plates, and the deployment accuracy meets the actual use requirements.

Optimization analysis of the particle focusing and separation parameters of a sheathless microfluidic device using standing surface acoustic waves

Flow-based particle separation usually requires a sheath flow for particle manipulation. Sheath fluid is a specialized buffer solution that directs the alignment of particles or cells into the center of the stream. By utilizing sheath flow, the particles or cells can be focused on the middle line of the microchannel, where they can be individually analyzed. However, the method requires an additional design for creating a suitable sheath flow. Purity and separation efficiency may also be influenced by the sheath flow. In this study, we present a sheathless device for particle focusing and separation using standing surface acoustic waves (SSAWs). The device comprises two regions: the focusing and separation regions. In the focusing region, particles in a continuous flow are aligned in the middle of the microchannel by SSAWs; in the separation region, tilted-angle SSAW-based particle separation is used to control particle migration. Varying particle sizes were focused in the focusing region and then separated in the separation region in the sheathless device. Experiments and simulations were also utilized to optimize a sheathless device. 10 and 20 μm particle focusing and separation were conducted in a sheathless device for the first time. We demonstrate that the separation of particles with a diameter of 10 and 20 μm has 90.8 ± 1.75% and 99.5 ± 0.8% separation efficiency, and 98 ± 3.4 and 97.9 ± 0.9% purity. Compared with other focusing and separation technologies, our device can also provide high purity, high separation efficiency, and high device density.

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran (Bingo dan Textbook) dan Perbedaan Usia terhadap Pemahaman Kosakata Bahasa Inggris

This study was conducted to determine the effect of learning media (bingo and textbook) and age differences on understanding English vocabulary. It aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of learning media on understanding English vocabulary based on age differences. This study was structured using an experimental design because it was carried out directly and the results obtained directly from field data. The sample used in this study was taken from 32 students aged over 9 years and 32 students aged less than 9 years. The independent variables in this study were learning media (bingo and textbook) and age differences. While the dependent variable is the understanding of English vocabulary. Measurement of vocabulary comprehension was done using descriptive statistical methods. The software used for data analysis is SPSS. To determine the results in this study using Two Way Anova if there is an interaction between two independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of data analysis show that there are differences in understanding of English vocabulary between students who use bingo and textbook learning media with significant results. The Middle Value Line Fcount = 7.932 and FTable = 4.001 which implies that there are differences in the understanding of English vocabulary of students aged over nine years and less than nine years. The conclusion of this study is the use of learning media (bingo and textbook) and the difference in age have an influence on the understanding of English vocabulary in third grade students.

Failure mechanism of transversely isotropic schist under Brazilian test using real-time X-ray nano tomography scanning

The study tries to address Brazilian tests on a transversely isotropic rock to investigate failure conditions by using digital volume correlation (DVC). For this purpose, an in-situ Brazilian apparatus in a nano- X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner is applied to investigate the 3D progressive failure mechanism of the schist. Two different anisotropy angles are tested. CT scans are conducted at every selected loading stage before peak load. DVC analyzes the constructed X-ray CT images to determine the effect of schistosity orientation on failure mechanism, including crack initiation and propagation. A calibration method is presented to verify DVC parameters, including the half size of the correlation window and the space between two sub-volumes. Using DVC, 3D deviatoric strain field, strain contours, and displacement increment are determined at all stages of loading. A CT value-based method (VG Studio) is also applied to validate the DVC results. It is found that the layer boundaries affect the failure pattern, with the agreement between the DVC results and VG Studio results being observed. For the specimen with horizontal layers, the crack initiates at the center part at the lower density layer and finishes out of the center. Also, for the specimen with horizontal layers, the crack initiates and propagates at the boundary of two layers out of the middle line of the specimen. These asymmetry failures are due to the heterogeneity of layers. The study also shows the type of failure using DVC by monitoring displacement increment vectors near the crack location.

Gendered cooperation in a post-NPM era: a comparative study of the perceptions of municipal technostructure experts and middle-line managers

ABSTRACT By exploring the perceptions of cooperation between technostructure experts and middle line managers of different departments in three Swedish municipalities in a qualitative study, this paper contributes to an understanding of how gendered norms inscribed in type of work influence expectations on cooperation. Theories of principal-agent, stewardship, and partnership, and a gender perspective are used. The comparative analysis shows that despite changes in work roles under the influence of NPM, traditional norms about gender appear to be reproduced in the expectations of cooperation. The results illustrate how cooperation is shaped in contexts associated with feminine respective masculine work.

A Novel Image-Based Long-Range Continuously Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer for Operational Modal Analysis of a Rotating Structure

ABSTRACT A novel image-based long-range tracking continuously scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (CSLDV) is developed to measure vibration of a rotating structure with a complex background. The image-based long-range tracking CSLDV can track and scan the rotating structure by processing its images captured by a camera in the image-based long-range tracking CSLDV. A novel image-processing method with a background averaging technique is developed to extract the rotating structure from the background in captured images and determine its location. A one-dimensional scan scheme is used to scan along a straight line along the rotating structure. An improved demodulation method is used to process measurements of the image-based long-range tracking CSLDV to estimate modal parameters of the rotating structure, including damped natural frequencies and undamped mode shapes. Experiments of tracking and scanning a rotating blade are conducted to validate vibration measurement of a rotating blade using the image-based long-range tracking CSLDV. Measured responses of the rotating blade are processed to estimate its speeds and modal parameters. The first three damped natural frequencies of out-of-plane vibration of the rotating blade and the first three undamped mode shapes of the rotating blade along its middle line are successfully estimated and compared with results from the finite element model of the corresponding stationary blade.

Research on the livelihood capital and livelihood strategies of resettlement in China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Line Project

Research on the livelihood capital and livelihood strategies of resettlement in China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Line Project

Correlation between Central Venous Pressure and Inferior Vena Cava Diameter for Fluid Assessment in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now the third leading cause of death globally.3 Although COPD primarily affects the lungs, it is now also recognized as a complex multi-component disease characterized by chronic systemic inflammation that frequently coexists with other conditions known as co morbidities. Objective To determine the correlation between central venous pressure (CVP) and the IVC collapsibility index for estimating the fluid status in COPD patients. Patients and Methods After obtaining the approval of the Ain Shams University Ethical Committee and written informed consent, 20 patients aged 21 - 60 years of either sex, admitted in the ICU of Ain Shams teaching hospitals who have a functioning central venous catheter inserted for any clinical indication, were involved in this correlational study. CVP measurements were taken with the patient in the supine position from the zero point and the middle line. Results The current study showed that there was no statically significant correlation Between CVP (cmH2O) and Heart Rate (beat /min), MABP (mmHg), IVCd max (cm) and IVC CI % at Baseline, After PLR test, After Bolus fluid administration, After 3 hours and After 6 hours. Conclusion The measurement of the IVC diameter has a good correlation with CVP and useful for assessment of the volume status. The measurement of the IVC by ultrasonography may be an important additional evaluation of critically ill patients.

SYNTHESIS OF RATIONAL CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTION OF STEEL ROOF TRUSSES

The article examines the issue of the occurrence and influence of bending moments on the bearing capacity of a combined steel truss made of rectangular bent-welded profiles. A comparative analysis of technical and economic indicators in terms of material intensity, labor intensity, and cost of traditional-typical and lightweight combined steel trusses was carried out. The paper examines steel trusses of long-span buildings with a span of 30 m. The force graphs (bending moments and axial forces) for various calculation schemes of the combined steel truss are shown. An analysis of the forces in the combined truss for different ways of connecting the lattice to the chords was carried out. The plot of normal stresses along the middle line of the stiffening girder of the combined truss for various calculation schemes is presented. The load-bearing capacity of compressed rods with different connection methods was calculated. According to the research results, an engineering method of taking into account the influence of bending moments is proposed.

Organizational redesign for government of Jakarta administrative city

The Jakarta City Government organization as a service instrument in order to meet the needs of the organization is currently considered no longer in accordance with the demands of the growing and increasing needs of the community. The overlapping main tasks of several organizational units and the long span of control became the reason for conducting research so that an efficient organizational format of the Jakarta City Government was found in serving the needs of Jakarta citizens The research method used was qualitative descriptive with 16 informants taken by purposive sampling. Data was taken by interviews, observations, focus group discussions and documentation which was then analyzed using NVIVO software. The novelty of this research is the majority of previous research examining organizational redesign in business enterprises, although some studies have also discussed the redesign of government organizations but not specific to the problems of the City of Jakarta. From the results of research that has been carried out with reference to five organizational points including strategic apex, operating core, middle line, technostructure, support staff, it was found that several changes need to be made starting at the strategic apex stage, it is necessary to restructure through the abolition of positions at the City Level such as the position of Vice Mayor. The operating core stage found that there are still overlapping authorities, uneven workloads, lack of facilities, lack of human resources and the need for service acceleration. The middel line stage found that the lack of sub-district role was proposed to be removed and needed to strengthen the authority of the sub-district. The stage of staff support was found that the official tribe had inappropriate duties and functions so that it was more effective and efficient when it was under the coordination and responsibility of the mayor. Keywords: Redesign of Government Organization, Adaptation and Innovation, Sustainable City

Development and Simulation of 26 GHz Beamforming Systems and Antenna Array 5G Network Base Stations

This paper focuses on designing a new structure of beamforming networks with an array antenna to control the beams. The 3×4 array antenna structure connects to the 3×3 Rotman lens beamformers to achieve this goal. The middle time delay line is around 14 mm. The design allows the x-axis to cover +25, 0, −25 degrees. Therefore, this work targets fifth generation (5G) application, which necessitates coverage in all directions by other base stations or users. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave software facilitates the simulation process. The design begins with a single microstrip patch antenna, designed to function as an array antenna resonating at 26 GHz. The half-lambda separation (λ/2) among antennas gives 13.8 dBi gain with S11<−10 dB. The final structure for beamforming networks has a gain of 14 dBi. This work uses the Roger 5880 substrate, which has a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009, and a thickness of 0.127 mm.

Navigation line extraction algorithm for corn spraying robot based on YOLOv8s‐CornNet

AbstractThe continuous and close combination of artificial intelligence technology and agriculture promotes the rapid development of smart agriculture, among which the agricultural robot navigation line recognition algorithm based on deep learning has achieved great success in detection accuracy and detection speed. However, there are still many problems, such as the large size of the algorithm is difficult to deploy in hardware equipment, and the accuracy and speed of crop row detection in real farmland environment are low. To solve the above problems, this paper proposed a navigation line extraction algorithm for corn spraying robot based on YOLOv8s‐CornNet. First, the Convolution (Conv) module and C2f module of YOLOv8s network are replaced with Depthwise Convolution (DWConv) module and PP‐LCNet module respectively to reduce the parameters (Params) and giga floating‐point operations per second of the network, so as to achieve the purpose of network lightweight. Second, to reduce the precision loss caused by network lightweight, the spatial pyramid pooling fast module in the backbone network is changed to atrous spatial pyramid pooling faster module to improve the accuracy of network feature extraction. Meanwhile, normalization‐based attention module is introduced into the network to improve the network's attention to corn plants. Then the corn plant was located by using the midpoint of the corn plant detection box. Finally, the least square method is used to extract the corn crop row line, and the middle line of the corn crop row line is the navigation line of the corn spraying robot. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the navigation line extraction algorithm proposed in this paper ensures both the real‐time and accuracy of the navigation line extraction of the corn spraying robot, which contributes to the development of the visual navigation technology of agricultural robots.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ДЕФОРМАЦІЇ ВОЛОКОН ЕЛАСТИЧНИХ ЩІТКОПОДІБНИХ ШНЕКІВ ПРИ ТРАНСПОРТУВАННІ ЗЕРНОВОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ

A new design of an elastic brush-like screw for grain material transportation and mixing by screw conveyors with a lower degree of damage to some particles of the material has been presented in the paper under discussion. The theoretical calculation of the fiber displacement value of an elastic brush-like screw has been carried out on the basis of the deformation analysis of an idealized system with elastic elements. A differential equation of the mean line of deformation of several fibers of an elastic brush-like screw located in the same plane perpendicular to the distributed loading during grain material transportation has been derived. The solution of the differential equation was obtained by the numeric method and on its basis the curves of the middle line of deformed fibers of an elastic brush-like screw for different values of its structural parameters. The results of the experimental study of the maximum deformation value of the elastic fibers of a brush-like screw have been presented.

Contralateral Transmaxillary Corridor Used in Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Resecting Adenoma Invading the Retrocarotid Area of the Cavernous Sinus and Beyond: Surgical Anatomy, Patient Selection Algorithm, and Illustrative Cases.

The cavernous internal carotid artery (cICA) and its branches can make it challenging to approach the lateral portion of the retrocarotid area of the cavernous sinus (RcACS) and surrounding areas during the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). This can sometimes require more invasive transcranial approaches, causing a higher risk of complications. We sought to explore the feasibility of adding a contralateral transmaxillary (CTM) corridor to improve access to the RcACS during EEA. We performed EEA and CTM extensions on 6 cadavers (12 sides) using image guidance. The depth of the surgical corridor, the surgical exposure, the angle of attack, and the trajectory to the anterior genu of the cICA were measured. Two illustrative clinical cases are presented. Compared with the contralateral transnasal approach, the CTM corridor provided a 10.76 (5.32)-mm shorter distance ( P < .001), 36.23% (20.70%) larger surgical exposure ( P < .001), and a 24.6° (3.4°) more parallel trajectory to the anterior genu of the cICA ( P < .001). The mean angle of the lateral nasal wall line and the middle eye line was equal to the mean angle of the contralateral transnasal ( P = .075) and CTM ( P = .262) approaches, respectively. The CTM corridor allowed us to achieve near-total resection of the RcACS and beyond in 2 invasive adenomas with significant lateral extension. The CTM corridor is a feasible addition to standard EEA to access the RcACS and beyond, providing a more medial-to-lateral trajectory and improved access. The middle eye line can be used as a reference to help select patients for this approach.

1234 The Transposition Technique of Internal Carotid Artery in Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery: Beyond the Lateral Boundary of Middle Line Approach

INTRODUCTION: There was no report regarding the transposition technique of ICA in endonasal endoscopic surgery (EES) METHODS: Six cadaveric heads (3 arterial and venous injected, 1 embalmed artery injected, 1 fresh artery injected) were prepared for dissection. The trabecular fiber (parasellar ligaments) in cavernous sinus(CS), small branches of ICA, dura, bony structures along ICA were meticulously dissected and photographed. The endoscopic dissections were performed using 0° (4-mm-diameter, 18-cm-long) rod lens endoscopes (Karl Storz). 36 cases (Jan 2014 to June 2022) underwent EES ICA transposition were reviewed. RESULTS: The trabecular fiber and small branches of ICA formed four sets of limiting structures around ICA: the medial, lateral, anterior, and posterior group. The medial group consisted of carotid clinoid ligaments (12/12), inferior hypophyseal artery (11/12), inferior parasellar ligament (6/12). The lateral groupcomprised inferolateral trunk (12/12), the sympathetic nerve plexus (12/12), the trabecular fibers between ICA and CN3 (6/12),CN4 (5/12), CN6 (12/12). The anterior group consisted of trabecular fibers between the proximal dural ring and the ICA (7/12). The posterior group was made of trabecual fibers (8/12) around the post genu and posterior wall of CS. Proximal and distal dura ring was the main dura structures impeding mobilizing ICA. The anterior clinoid and lingual process obstructed ICA lateral transposition. Grade 1 (inner CS limiting structures), Grade 2 (inner CS + dura ring open), Grade 3 (inner CS + dura ring + bony remove) transposition were used in 24 (66.7%), 9 (25%), 3 (8.3%) cases respectively. CSF leakage (2.7%), ICA injury (2.7%), new transient CN palsy (8.3%), permanent CN palsy (5.4%) were developed postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The EES ICA transposition technique is technically feasible and could be graded according to extent of freeing the limiting structures. It is a novel technique worth exploring in suitable cases to enlarge the working zone and surgical freedom in middle line approaches.

Factors related to post-thoracotomy pain following robotic-assisted thoracic surgery.

Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is a minimally invasive procedure; however, some patients experience persistent postoperative pain. This study aimed to investigate factors related to postoperative pain following RATS. The data of 145 patients with lung cancer, who underwent RATS with a four-port (one in the sixth intercostal space [ICS] and three in the eighth ICS) lobectomy or segmentectomy between May 2019 and December 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Factors associated with analgesic use for at least 2 months following postoperative pain (PTP group) were analyzed. Patients who underwent preoperative pain control for any condition or chest wall resection were excluded. Among the 138 patients, 45 (32.6%) received analgesics for at least 2 months after surgery. Patient height and transverse length of the thorax correlated with PTP in the univariate analysis (non-PTP vs. PTP; height, 166 vs. 160 cm; p < .001; transverse length of the thorax, 270 vs. 260 mm, p = .016). In the multivariate analysis, height was correlated with PTP (p = .009; odds ratio, 0.907; 95% confidence interval, 0.843-0.976). Height correlated with the transverse length of the thorax (r = .407), anteroposterior length of the thorax (r = .294), and width of the eighth ICS in the middle axillary line (r = .210) using Pearson's correlation coefficients. When utilizing a 165-cm cutoff value for height to predict PTP using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 0.601-0.779). Short stature is associated with a high risk of postoperative pain following RATS.

ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ПОЛУПЛОСКООВАЛЬНЫХ ГНУТОСВАРНЫХ ПРОФИЛЕЙ ДЛЯ БАЛОЧНЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ.

A new technical solution for semi-flat bent-welded profiles is presented, optimized for bending strength characteristics, the originality of which has been confirmed by patent examination. Rectangular profiles with a ratio of width and height 1/3 along the middle section line served as the basis for their shaping, which ensures maximum strength. As a prototype, semi-flat profiles are assembled on the basis of flat-oval profiles with maximum strength due to the ratio of width and height 1/3.064 along the middle section line. The calculation of the optimal parameters of thin-walled sections using an approximate technique using their average lines, repeatedly tested in solving optimization problems for bent-welded profiles of various shapes and outlines, is presented. A comparative analysis of the design parameters revealed a positive effect of optimized profiles in truss and girder structures, including a reduction in the consumption of structural material, a decrease in stress concentration, and a reduction in building height. The prospects of expanding the scope of their rational use with the addition of pipe-concrete and steel-reinforced concrete structures are indicated.

What is the link between internal communication, organizational culture and environmental strategy? The context of company size and employee perception

PurposeThe article explores the linkages between the type of environmental strategy (ES), the use of internal communication (IC), and the greening of organizational culture (OC). Moreover, the article empirically examines whether company size matters in the use of environmental IC practices in the green context. Additionally, the article considers differences between people employed at different organizational hierarchy levels. The basis for such a comparison is their opinions about the effectiveness of communication practices.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical research employed a survey method done on 199 organizations in 2020. Statistical analyses used the chi-squared test, Kendall’s Tau-b correlation coefficient, and the Mann–Whitney U test.FindingsThe research showed that companies with a proactive green strategy more often use different communication practices related to ES and have a greener culture. The study proved that larger companies more often use the analyzed communication practices. However, we found no significant difference in opinion between middle managers and line employees about the effectiveness of these practices.Practical implicationsThe main contribution to business practice is the exploratory model based on the empirical study, which allows organizations to successfully implement the ES.Originality/valueStudies rarely combine the three organizational elements: IC, OC, and ES. This article provides new empirical evidence on relationships between features of OC, green strategy types, and communication practices.