Middle Gujarat Research Articles

Investigating the Impact of Climate Change Impacts on Direct-seeded Rice Production in Middle Gujarat Using the InfoCrop-rice Model

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a global food staple, essential for human nutrition and calorie intake, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study assesses the impact of climate change on direct-seeded rice (DSR) production in Middle Gujarat (India) using the InfoCrop-Rice model. The study evaluates potential climate scenarios under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5, focusing on projected changes in temperature, rainfall, and sunshine hours, and their effects on rice yield and phenology. Field data from Kharif 2023 were used to calibrate the model, which projected significant increases in maximum and minimum temperatures, variable changes in rainfall, and consistent reductions in sunshine hours. By 2100, maximum temperatures are expected to rise by up to 6°C under RCP 8.5, and minimum temperatures could increase by as much as 7.5°C. Rainfall projections show high variability, with potential reductions and increases depending on the scenario and time period. Sunshine hours are projected to decline by approximately 6.6% under both RCP scenarios. The model simulations indicate a notable decline in rice yields, with reductions ranging from 18% to 36% by 2100. These results underscore the severe impact of climate change on DSR productivity. The study highlights the need for adaptive strategies, including improved water management, resilient crop varieties, and sustainable agricultural practices, to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and ensure the sustainability of direct seeded rice production in Middle Gujarat.

Effect of Sulphur Sources and Levels on Yield and Quality of Summer Cowpea in Middle Gujarat, India

Effect of Sulphur Sources and Levels on Yield and Quality of Summer Cowpea in Middle Gujarat, India

Effect of hydrogel on growth and yield of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under middle Gujarat condition

Effect of hydrogel on growth and yield of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under middle Gujarat condition

A Comparative Study of Socio-economic Profile of Contract and Non-contract Papaya Growers in Middle Gujarat Region

This research gives insight into the socio-economic characteristics of contract and non-contract papaya growers. The study was restricted to middle Gujarat region only. Around 160 respondents, constituting 80 contract and 80 non-contract papaya growers were chosen and interviewed from the Kapadvanj taluka of Kheda district. Tabular analysis was employed to analyze the results in the study area. The contract papaya growers had lower average age as against non-contract papaya growers. The average years of education was higher in contract papaya growers. The study also provided insights into the family size of the respondents and found that the the average family size was higher under non-contract papaya growers as compared to contract papaya growers. Furthermore, the total number of earners were found notably higher under contract as against non-contract growers. Beyond that, the operational size of the land holding was found to be more or less similar under CF and NCF.

ATTITUDE OF STUDENTS TOWARDS HIGHER EDUCATION

Education is vital for students as it offers specialized knowledge and skills crucial for career success and personal development. It gives critical thinking, problem-solving abilities and Strength. Additionally, it provides networking opportunities, promotes diversity and encourages research and innovation. Higher education enhances earning potential, facilitates social mobility and contributes to societal progress. Hence, considering the importance of these characteristics and review of past research studies, an attempt has been made in this investigation to ascertain the relationship between profile of students and their attitude towards higher education so that this study entitled "attitude of students towards higher education" was undertaken in middle Gujarat. A sample of 60 students was taken from Anand agriculture University, Gujarat. The data were collected with the help of google form. The result found that majority of the students had high attitude towards higher education and out of seven independent variables one variables viz. academic performance were found to be positive and highly significantly correlated with attitude towards higher education.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INLAND FISH FARMERS' ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCE AND THEIR PROFILE

The present investigation, meticulously designed and carried out in the Anand district of middle Gujarat, utilized the 'Ex-post Facto' research design, renowned for its robustness and credibility. The researcher obtained a list of Inland fish farmers from the office of the Assistant Director of Fisheries Anand and KVK, Devataj, and based on availability, 150 Inland fish farmers from the Anand district were selected randomly. The independent variables, including age, education, experience in inland fish farming, extension participation, scientific orientation, and fish farming commitment, had a positive and significant relationship with the entrepreneurial competence of inland fish farmers. Despite the rigorous design, the remaining nine variables failed to show a substantial relationship with their entrepreneurial competence.

Hectareage Prediction Models for Paddy Crop of Middle Gujarat

The present investigation was undertaken with a view to identify the models for predicting the hectareage of paddy crop of the middle Gujarat region. The investigation was carried out on the basis of secondary data covering the period of nineteen years, (1998-99 to 2016-17). The District level data relating to hectareage, production, productivity and farm harvest prices of paddy were obtained from the published and compiled information by Directorate of Agriculture, Gujarat State, Gandhinagar. The linear multiple regression technique (basically Nerlovian type) was employed. The eight single equation and four simultaneous equation (SE) models were tried for paddy crop, the following models were selected on the basis of the values of adjusted coefficient of multiple determination. SE model-III for paddy is given below.HEPD = 40960.532**** - 10.414*** HEBJ + 0.784 HEMZ - 1.187**** HEPDL + 3.720*** HEBJL + 5.588**** EYPD + 0.866 EYBJ - 6.205*** EYMZ- 6.833**** EPPD + 1.502 EPBJ (R2= 0.946)HEBJ = 3261.298 - 0.061 HEPD + 0.108 HEMZ - 0.093 HEPDL + 0.337 HEBJL + 0.441 EYPD + 0.220 EYBJ - 0.619 EYMZ - 0.594 EPPD + 0.227EPBJ (R2= 0.960)HEMZ = 1816.343 + 0.028 HEPD + 0.147 HEBJ + 0.220 HEBJL + 0.649 HEMZL - 0.120 EYPD - 0.176 EYBJ - 0.092 EYMZ - 0.226 EPMZ - 0.106EPBJ (R2= 0.850)*, **, ***, **** Significant at the 20, 10, 5, 1 percent level of significance, respectivelyFor the selected crops, SE model was recommended for prediction of the current hectareage on the basis of the adjusted coefficient of multiple determination ( R 2). For Paddy hectareage the main affecting factors viz., bajra hectareage, lagged hectareage of paddy, expected yield of maize and expected price of paddy. Expected yield and expected price of paddy were determining factors of bajra hectareage.

Ground Water Quality Assessment of Different Villages of Kheda District of Gujarat, India

The Kheda district lies in the Cambay basin situated between Saurashtra crater and Aravalli Swell and Deccan Shield in the east. The basin comprises both marine formations, is the principal source of water supply for middle Gujarat region. The quality evaluation for this groundwater is very important tool for sustainable development and decision for water management. A survey work conducted during April-May, 2016 for ground water quality assessment of ‘Kheda district of middle Gujarat. A total of 160 groundwater samples, from shallow, springs, and deep aquifers, were collected, storage and analysed to evaluate its quality suitability for domestic and agriculture purposes. The result of quality of underground wells/tube wells water revealed that the EC values ranged 0.51 to 8.50 with a mean value of 2.04 dS m-1. The waters were alkaline in reaction (pH 7.97). The overall RSC values ranged from -4.80 to 10.50 with a mean value of 2.41 me L-1. The overall mean value of SSP was found 34.34, which varied from 8.00 to 77.26. The SAR values ranged from 0.36 to 29.96 with a mean value of 7.48.

Population dynamics of pink bollworm in Bt cotton at middle Gujarat

Population dynamics of pink bollworm in Bt cotton at middle Gujarat

Nesting behaviour of stingless bees, Tetragonula spp. in middle Gujarat

Nesting behaviour of stingless bees, Tetragonula spp. in middle Gujarat

Effect of herbicides against Phalaris minor and other weeds in wheat under middle Gujarat condition

Effect of herbicides against Phalaris minor and other weeds in wheat under middle Gujarat condition

Effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and quality parameter of wheat (Triticum aestivum): Summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.) cropping sequence in middle Gujarat condition

Effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and quality parameter of wheat (Triticum aestivum): Summer green gram (Vigna radiata L.) cropping sequence in middle Gujarat condition

DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECT BETWEEN ANTECEDENT CHARACTERISTICS OF INLAND FISH FARMERS AND THEIR ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCE

The present investigation was carried out in the Anand district of middle Gujarat. Total fifteen variables were subjected to path analysis and the study revealed that annual income had exerted a maximum direct positive effect and substantial effect on entrepreneurial competence, economic motivation had the maximum total indirect effect in the determination of the entrepreneurial competence of inland fish farmers.

Economic and Technological Effect of Rice Variety GAR-13 in Middle Gujarat

The study aimed to comprehend the technological and economic impact by contrasting the prevalent local variety of rice grown by the farmers in the study area with the rice variety GAR-13, which was released by Anand Agricultural University. One hundred GAR-13 and one hundred local variety respondents were considered in collecting primary data. The findings showed that farmers who planted GAR-13 had better gross and net income per hectare than farmers who planted native varieties of rice, with a benefit-cost ratio of about 1.44 above Cost C2. Additionally, GAR-13 produced a yield and price that were much greater than those of the local variety, which helped the farmers' net income to increase. Furthermore, technology made for about 16.06 per cent of the total. The variation in productivity caused by the input consumption level was approximately 4.84 per cent, which went toward the overall productivity variance of crudely 19.93 per cent. According to the findings, adopting the GAR-13 improved variety of AAU, Anand enabled farmers to increase their income and profit from its high quality and cooking parameters. As a result, wider adoption of the variety has to be encouraged through capacity building and extension initiatives.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude towards Oral Cancer among Healthy Individuals of Anand district, Gujarat

India has the highest incidence rate of Oral Cancer (OC) in the world and estimated 35% of all cancers in the country. Oral cancer is associated with significant morbidity, and low survival. Tobacco widely used in India and it is a major cause of cancer of the upper digestive and respiratory tract. Charotar (Anand) region, a middle Gujarat zone is well known for production and farming of Tobacco. Good Knowledge and Positive attitude towards disease condition are important for any future disease development, early prevention and detection. This study was undertaken with the aim to assess knowledge and attitude of healthy individuals of Anand region towards OCand also to establish levels of awareness regarding oral cancer. Methodology: Community based survey study was conducted using questionnaire during February 2023 to March 2023. Sociodemographic characteristic, knowledge regarding oral cancer, its risk factors, symptoms and attitude towards oral cancer were evaluated using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Additionally, after receiving response from participants, they all were educated about OC, its risk factors and symptoms, prevention tips and their role as a contributor to society. Results: Total 140 participants were evaluated for Knowledge and attitude for Oral cancer. Majority of them had Poor knowledge, and only participants from Upper class had Good knowledge. On other hand, majority of participants had positive attitude oral cancer. Conclusion: Education level, Occupation and socioeconomic class found as a dependent factors for Knowledge and attitude towards OC. In general the awareness about the oral cancer is poor in participants. Oral Cancer awareness and screening programmes should be actively done among population of Anand district.

Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) are Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Biofertilizers

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (Kharif) seasons of 2013 to 2015 at Agriculture Research Station (Irrigation crops), Anand Agricultural University, Thasra.The farm is located in hot semi-arid eco-region with medium deep black soils and geographically situated at 22.400 latitude, 73.120 longitude and 32.4 m above the mean sea-level.To study the response of different levels of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Biofertilizers on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under middle Gujarat Agro climatic zone III, 12 treatment combinations consisting three levels of Nitrogen, two levels of Phosphorus and two levels of Biofertilizer were tried in factorial randomized block design with four replications. The three-year experimental results revealed that different treatments for nitrogen levels were found significant for most of the growth and yield contributing characters, while for phosphorus and bio-fertilizer found non-significant. In pooled data the N level N3 (120 kg N ha-1) gave significantly higher grain yield of 5508 kg ha-1and was found significantly superior over N level of 80 kg (N1 ). The result revealed that the potential production and profit from the rice crop could be secured by applying120 kg Nitrogen ha-1 only to get higher yield in middle Gujarat Agro climatic zone III.

Performance Of Marvel Grass Varieties Under Different Levels Of Nitrogen In Irrigated Condition Of The Middle Gujarat Agroclimatic Zone Of Gujarat

Main Forage Research Station, ICAR Unit 9, Anand Agricultural University located in the middle agroclimatic zone of Gujarat India, has different Agroclimatic zone with a different agricultural pattern. Most of the farmers are doing agriculture as a first enterprise and dairy as a second one. The demand for fodder is higher in the different zone of Gujarat state. To improve cultural practices and reduced the shortfall of fodder with highly nutritive fodder these studies were carried out to evaluate the effect of the level of nitrogen on different marvel grass varieties in middle Gujarat. Continuous three years of experimentation on marvel grass, results revealed that marvel grass varieties did not show significant effects on growth, yield attributes, and yield as well as quality parameters. A perusal of experiment data revealed that application of 60 kg N/ha (30 kg N/ha at the time of transplanting or immediately after cutting and 30 kg N/ha at 30 DAS/ 30 Days after each cutting) noted higher growth parameters (height and several tillers per meter row length) also reported higher total green fodder yield and quality of marvel grass as well as higher net return and benefit-cost ratio.

Response of Direct Seeded Rice to Iron and Zinc Fertilization Strategies under Middle Gujarat Conditions

Direct seeded rice (DSR) cultivation has received considerable attention due to its economic and labor-saving benefits. However, inadequate nutrient availability, particularly micronutrients, remains a significant constraint in achieving optimal crop growth and yield in direct seeded rice system. This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of iron and zinc fertilization on yield, productivity and nutritional quality of direct seeded rice. This experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, during kharif season of the year 2022 with twelve treatments of iron and zinc fertilization strategies viz. nutripriming, foliar application and soil drenching which were replicated thrice in randomized block design (RBD). In the treatments of nutripriming, seed were soaked in 0.5% solutions of iron sulphate and zinc sulphate individually and also in combination for 12 hrs. In other treatments, solutions of 0.5% concentration of iron sulphate and zinc sulphate were applied through foliar application at 30 and 50 DAS and soil drenching. Soil drenching was done by adding nutrient solutions (0.5% of iron sulphate and zinc sulphate each) directly on the rice sown lines of the plots. Findings demonstrate that targeted application of micronutrients (Fe and Zn) significantly enhanced the DSR performance in form of growth parameters, yield attributes, yield and nutrient content of grain and straw. Among all the treatments, (T5) nutripriming of direct seeded rice with 0.5% iron sulphate plus 0.5% zinc sulphate for 12 hours before sowing along with recommended dose of fertilizers has been found best in terms of plant height, panicles per m2, yield and Fe and Zn content in seed and straw of rice.

Combine effects of inorganic and organic nutrient sources on maize–sesame cropping sequence of middle Gujarat

AbstractIncreasing uses of nutrients have played a major role in increasing the food supply to a continually growing world population. However, excessive use of chemical fertilizers results in significant losses, inefficient utilization, and nutritional imbalance. However, poor soil management, inadequate nutrient application, and extreme weather conditions have all contributed to soil degradation. Prudent usage of integrated nutrient management (INM) is the greatest alternative to provide nutrients to crop needs and enhance soil conditions to repair the soil's nutrient depletion. To examine the impact of INM on the yield of rabi maize (Zea mays L.) and its lasting effects on succeeding summer sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under irrigated conditions during 2019–2020 to 2021–2022 at College Agronomy Farm, Bansilal Amrutlal (B. A.) College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India, a field trial was conducted on loamy sand soil of Agro‐Climatic Zone–XIII, Gujarat Plains, and Hills region, India. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 3 replications and 12 treatments. The improved growth, yield, and protein content of the maize crop were obtained by the application of 75% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + 25% recommended dose of nutrient (RDN) through vermicompost + nitrogen–phosporus–potassium (NPK) consortium (soil application). In the subsequent sesame crop, residual effects of 75% RDF + 25% RDN through farm yard manure (FYM) + NPK consortium (soil application) together with 50% RDF (50:25:00 NPK kg/ha) were reported, which led to higher crop growth and yield. Under the conditions of middle Gujarat, the application of 75% RDF + 25% RDN through the FYM + NPK consortium (soil application) led to a greater system net realization in the maize–sesame sequence.

Estimation of Runoff in Data Scare Watershed of Middle Gujarat, India Using HEC-HMS Model

The accurate estimation of the hydrologic response in water resources planning and development is crucial. In this study, the rainfall-runoff relationship and hydrologic response of the Devgadh Baria watershed in the Panam river catchment were investigated. Due to limited availability and accuracy of runoff data, Clark UH, and SCS UH models were explored for runoff estimation. Remote sensing and GIS techniques were integrated to assess the ungauged watershed in the Middle Gujarat region.
 Rainfall and discharge data, Sentinel-2 data, 12.5m ALOS PALSAR DEM, base maps, and soil maps were collected from various sources. The study area's five different events were randomly selected, and a Thiessen map was prepared to calculate weighted rainfall. Geomorphological parameters and Horton's ratios were estimated using remote sensing and GIS software ILWIS.
 The composite curve number (CN) for the watershed was found to be 77.69. Excess-rainfall hyetographs were separated using the SCS-loss method, and the time to peak estimated by the models matched well with observed data, except for a one-day delay in the HEC-HMS based Clark UH model.
 Four performance indices, namely NSE, PBIAS, RMSE, and d, were used to compare model performance. The SCS UH model demonstrated the highest NSE value (-0.28) for event-1, while the HEC-HMS based SCS UH model showed the lowest NSE value (-0.28) for event-1. The SCS model outperformed the other models based on performance indicators NSE, RMSE, and d. Overall, the SCS UH approach provided the best estimation of peak discharge and time to peak discharge. The direct surface runoff hydrographs estimated using.