Middle Ages Research Articles

Tranexamic acid with vitamin K mixture decreases bleeding of total hip arthroplasty in a Jordanian population

Background: Bleeding of total hip arthroplasty has severe consequences on postoperative recovery. 75–90% of early bleeding after surgery and during surgery is caused by operative technical issues. tranexamic acid decreases bleeding of arthroplasty. vitamin k has late and dose sensitive effect in clotting. Methods: This retrospective investigation included subjects of middle age and of both genders scheduled for primary hip replacement at Queen Alia hospital, Jordanian Royal medical services, between March 2022 and June 2023. Subjects were classified into two groups. Group I subject were administered intravenous mixture of Tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg with vitamin K1 of 10 mg 5 min pre-skin incision followed by an infusion of Tranexamic acid 1 mg/kg/h and vitamin K1 0.2 mg/kg/h, until skin closure. Group II subjects were administered only intravenous vitamin K1 of 10 mg, 5 min pre- skin incision followed by infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/h until skin closure. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelet count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen were tested. Bleeding and blood transfusion were remarked. Results: Group I demonstrated a remarkable less modifications in blood tests and less bleeding than group II. Group II demonstrated less bleeding after surgery. The average Hb in group I demonstrated a remarkable less reduction after surgery compared to group II. (p<0.005). No blood transfusion after surgery was needed in group I. Nine (15%) patients in group II needed one unit of blood transfusion during surgery. Conclusion: Intravenous administration of Tranexamic acid with vitamin K mixture in total hip arthroplasty decreased bleeding during and after surgery and decreased the requirement for blood transfusion.

Impact of Delay of Retirement Age on Middle Age Employment Rate

Abstract: This paper examines the implications of delaying retirement on the labor market in China, focusing on its impact on the employment rates across different age groups. Over the past several decades, demographic shifts, such as the aging population and extended education durations, have necessitated adjustments to retirement policies. These adjustments pose significant questions about the optimal retirement age and the consequent effects on the labor market. Utilizing a combination of theoretical frameworks and empirical data, this study explores the correlation between delayed retirement and employment rates among middle-aged and older workers. The findings suggest a significant and positive correlation between these groups, indicating that a delayed retirement age could enhance employment opportunities for middle-aged individuals without adversely affecting the younger workforce. The study engages with data from the 2020 census in China and employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models to analyze the relationship between age groups and employment rates. The results show a nuanced impact of delayed retirement on the labor market, with implications for policy-making. Specifically, the paper addresses the potential benefits of a flexible retirement age policy, considering economic, demographic, and social factors.

Study on Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Blood Group among Individuals Suffering from Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: Clinicians confront heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) as the most pertinent pathological relationship. Antibodies directed against complexes of heparin molecules and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are the cause of this immune-mediated phenomena. HIT is a significant adverse event that affects individuals with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Objective: To assess the frequency of HIT in patients presenting with ACS. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out the Northeast Medical College's Department of Cardiology in Sylhet from June 2021 to December 2022. A total of 234 individuals aged 40 to 70 years old presented with ACS within 24 hours of symptom onset. This study excluded patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), aplastic anemia, myeloproliferative diseases, or pre-existing thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia was evaluated using medical records and a full blood count (CBC), with isolated thrombocytopenia (platelets <150 x109/L) prior to heparin administration. Results: Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, a history of ACS, and obesity were the most frequent comorbidities, accounting for 41.03%, 33.76%, 43.16%, and 14.96%, respectively. The incidence of HIT in NSTEMI and STEMI was higher than in unstable angina, although still comparable. The delayed presentation of ACS > 12 hours was also strongly correlated with the occurrence of HIT (p<0.05). Unstable angina and middle age (50–60 years) were found to have a significant relationship with HIT (p<0.05). Conclusion: HIT is more common in patients who have had a myocardial infarction or who have had symptoms for more than 12 hours at the time of hospitalization. Cardiologists and internal medicine experts must take extra precautions when administering heparin to high-risk patients to prevent problems.

Effects of a Functional Cone Mushroom (Termitomyces fuliginosus) Protein Snack Bar on Cognitive Function in Middle Age: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Due to the rising prevalence of cognitive impairment in the middle-aged and elderly population, combined with consumer demand for functional foods to improve health and well-being. Objective: This study aimed to formulate a functional cone mushroom (Termitomyces fuliginosus) (FCM) protein snack bar and evaluate its amino acid profile, phytochemical contents, biological activity and impact on cognitive function. Methods: A total of 26 middle-aged male and female participants were randomized and divided into placebo, FCM1 and FCM2 groups. Continuous consumption was performed for 6 weeks. Demographic data, body composition, cognitive function and memory were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the study period (6 weeks). Results: The event-related potential (ERP) analysis results showed a significant increase in N100 and P300 amplitude at the Fz location in participants who consumed the functional cone mushroom protein snack bar at a dose of 1 g compared to the placebo group (p = 0.015). Additionally, subjects who consumed the functional cone mushroom protein snack bar at a dose of 2 g showed a significantly increased P300 amplitude and percent accuracy of numeric working memory (p = 0.048) compared to those in the placebo group (p = 0.044). The possible underlying mechanism may involve AChE and MAO suppression activity alongside antioxidant activity. Conclusions: These data suggest that FCM can improve cognitive function and memory and may be considered for use in natural supplementation products with possible health benefits.

Ochre communities of practice in Stone Age Eswatini

Our species and other hominins have used earth mineral pigments since at least ~500,000 years ago, if not earlier. Its preservation and ubiquity within archaeological records across sub-Saharan Africa are well documented, but regional-scale networks of mineral selection, mining, transport, and use is an underdeveloped field. Here, we present a framework for interpreting regional variations within an overarching ochre-behavioral community of practice. Deep-time records of ochre provisioning span the final Middle Stone Age and Late Stone Age in modern day Eswatini, revealing longstanding cultural continuities in the intergenerational transmission of shared knowledge on landscapes, geology, and the desired physicochemical properties of mineral pigments. These communities of practice did not develop in isolation, and were part of a wider system of relations that were influenced and mediated by social interactions, such as technological learning, seasonal traveling, material culture exchange, and symbolic expression. We use compositional analyses to determine localized ochre procurement strategies and long-distance transport across a network of fifteen archaeological sites and mineral resources. Newly refined chronologies from Lion Cavern at Ngwenya using optically stimulated luminescence dating also reaffirm its antiquity as the oldest known evidence for intensive ochre mining worldwide (~48,000 years ago).

Arqueología de las identidades locales. La producción de localidades en el noroeste peninsular en la Alta Edad Media

ABSTRACT The study of early medieval European localities and local identities has previously been approached from the perspective of the later emergence of 'classic' medieval towns and cities; the post-Roman centuries have been considered a formative, transitional, period in the emergence of the stable and well-organized settlements of the High Middle Ages. However, new findings and conceptual contributions have been made in recent years, allowing for a redefinition of the mechanisms involved in the creation and transformation of local identities. Drawing on concepts of the production of locality and communities of practice, this study aims to analyze some processes observed in northwestern Iberia to argue that local societies resorted to multiple mechanisms for aggregating and negotiating spatialized identities.

1800 BC – Trade and Transformation in Middle Bronze Age Greece. An Essay on Regionality and Inter-regionality in Middle Bronze Age and Early Mycenaean Aegean

Abstract The article confirms that profound economic, social, and political transformations occurred around 1800 BC on the Greek Mainland and especially on the Peloponnese. We underline that the former century – the 19th century saw the creation of chiefdom societies in parts of the Mainland and consider the 18th century to create the economic, social, and political structures of the Mycenaean state. We have seen that the external relations with the tribes on the Greek Mainland were with the Cyclades, while no relations with Crete are attested during the period of the early shaft graves in Mycenae (MHIIIA). In the Eastern Mediterranean, the 18th century BC saw the fall of the Middle Kingdom in Egypt, the rise of the Assyrian dynasty under Shamshi-Addad, the kingdom of Hammurabi of Babylon, the early Hittite kingdom and the establishment of Troy VIa in northwest Anatolia. We consider this tremendous boom in the Eastern Mediterranean to have inspired the creation of the secondary (‘derivative’) Mycenaean state. The intention is to show that using a high-resolution diachronic time scale makes it possible to create a narrative of gradual social, economic, and political transformations from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age in the Aegean area. The article is divided into two sections. First, a summary of the most recent results describing chronology and social transformations in Middle Bronze Age and early Mycenaean Greece (‘status analyses’) and second, a conclusion estimating what these data tell us about the origin of the Mycenaean society. To reach this conclusion, we have constructed an evolutionary model in order to establish a gradual development of Mycenaean society. The conclusion based on our evolutionary model seems to advocate for a strong influence from the eastern Mediterranean countries, creating the social and economic structure of the Mycenaean society.

Distribution and Abundance of Pine Needle Aphids (Eulachnus rileyi Williams) and Their Potential Natural Enemies on Pine Tree Species (Pinus patula and Pinus elliottii) at Sao Hill Forest Plantation, Tanzania

A study was conducted at SHFP, Tanzania to assess the distribution and abundance of PNA and their potential natural enemies. Systematic sampling was used to select every 5th tree along the row of the particular compartment. Five shoots were randomly cut from lower, middle and upper crown parts of each selected tree for laboratory analysis. Data analysis was performed using R and Excel, with normality and homogeneity of variance checked using Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s tests, respectively. Results revealed that PNA was un-equally distributed throughout the divisions, trees species and age classes at SHFP. The abundance of adult aphids per twig was 7.6 and 12.9 for Division II and III, respectively and was significantly different. Similarly, the mean abundance of eggs and nymphs per twig were 5.5 and 12.2 in Division II and 9.2 and 21.1 in Division III, respectively. Nymphs were more abundant than eggs and adults, while eggs were the least abundant across all examined pine species and age classes. The abundance of adult aphid was 19.6 and 7.0 for P. elliottii and P. patula, respectively and was significantly different. For P. patula, the abundance of adult aphid per twig was 7.3, 8.5 and 5.1 for young, middle and old age classes respectively. In P. elliottii stands, the abundance of adult aphid population per twig was 23.2 and 17.9 for middle and old age classes respectively. The middle part of the tree crown had the highest aphid abundance for both tree species and age classes. Three main natural enemies were identified: Coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Spiders (Arachnida) and Stink bugs (Pentatomidae), but their numbers were low. The correlation between the abundance of PNA and natural enemies was weakly positive (Rho = 0.0859) but statistically significant (p = 0.035). Tending operations i.e. thinning, weeding, pruning, and regular insect survey and monitoring programs, are recommended to mitigate favorable conditions for aphid growth. Additionally, the SHFP management team should reconsider the introduction and release of Tetraphleps raoi or other predators as biological control agents over large area to increase the current stock of the natural enemies as there were no introduce natural enemies found in the plantation

Maternal dysbiosis produces long-lasting behavioral changes in offspring.

Advanced maternal age (AMA) is defined as a pregnancy in a woman older than 35 years of age. AMA increases the risk for both maternal and neonatal complications, including miscarriage and stillbirth. AMA has also been linked to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring. Recent studies have found that age-associated compositional shifts in the gut microbiota contribute to altered microbial metabolism and enhanced inflammation in the host. We investigated the specific contribution of the maternal microbiome on pregnancy outcomes and offspring behavior by recolonizing young female mice with aged female microbiome prior to pregnancy. We discovered that pre-pregnancy colonization of young dams with microbiome from aged female donors significantly increased fetal loss. There were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiome in pups born from dams recolonized with aged female biome that persisted through middle age. Offspring born from dams colonized with aged microbiome also had significant changes in levels of neurotransmitters and metabolites in the blood and the brain. Adult offspring from dams colonized with an aged microbiome displayed persistent depressive- and anxiety-like phenotypes. Collectively, these results demonstrate that age-related changes in the composition of the maternal gut microbiome contribute to chronic alterations in the behavior and physiology of offspring. This work highlights the potential of microbiome-targeted approaches, even prior to birth, may reduce the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Vaccine Hesitancy and COVID-19 Risk Behaviors Associated with Social Media Use in Japan

ABSTRACT We examined the associations between the use of different types of media and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, as well as risk behaviors of COVID-19 infection, in Japan in late 2021. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted using rapid online surveys of residents in Iwate Prefecture from February 5 to 7, 2021, and from October 1 to 3, 2021. Each individual’s risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection was calculated using a quantitative assessment tool (the microCOVID). Intention to get vaccinated for COVID-19 was assessed by self-report. Usage of five types of media for obtaining COVID-related information was assessed: (1) newspapers, (2) television or radio, (3) internet or news apps, (4) social network services (SNS) (excluding LINE, a popular messaging app), and (5) other. Reliance on SNS did not show significant associations with either intention to get vaccinated or engaging in risky behavior for acquiring COVID-19. Although users of the internet or news apps were marginally significantly less likely to engage in high-risk behavior, significant associations between vaccine hesitancy and the usage of the internet or news apps were found in the middle age and elderly groups (OR [95% confidence interval (CI)] in middle age: 1.55 [1.07–2.23]; in elderly; 9.24 [3.28–26.02]). The differential associations between different types of media use and COVID-19 prevention behaviors may assist in preparing for future pandemic outbreaks. One implication for public health risk communication is audience segmentation, such as emphasizing vaccine safety and effectiveness for older audiences.

Long-Term Disabilities in ICU Survivors of COVID-19.

COVID-19 is associated with prolonged disability, particularly after critical illness. This study aimed to assess and compare disability post-hospital discharge of subjects who were invasively ventilated versus those who were not, following ICU admission due to COVID-19. This study also explored variables associated with long-term disability. In this prospective cohort study, subjects with COVID-19 who received invasive ventilation, noninvasive ventilation, or high-flow nasal cannula during ICU stay were assessed with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 at 3 and 6 months post-hospital discharge. Data were analyzed collectively and stratified as subjects with and without invasive mechanical ventilation. Analysis of variance and multiple regression analyses were applied. The subjects (N = 43) were mainly male, middle age, and overweight. Subjects who were invasively ventilated (n = 21) had decreased physical function compared to those who were not during hospital assessments. From 3-6 months after discharge, all WHODAS domains and the overall score decreased in both groups (P < .001), indicating disability recovery. The participation domain, which assesses joining in society, was the only domain that remained worse in the ventilation group compared to the no ventilation group (P = .01). No interaction was found between time and the study groups, suggesting that the recovery trajectory was similar. At 6 months, considering the entire cohort, 70% and 56% had no disability in self-care and getting along domains, respectively, while 42% exhibited moderate to severe disability in the participation domain. According to the overall WHODAS score, 86% of subjects still had some level of disability at 6 months. In multivariate analyses, the overall WHODAS score along with the household and participation domains showed significant positive correlations, indicating higher disability, with corticosteroid use. Disability persisted at 6 month post-hospital discharge for ICU survivors of COVID-19, regardless of the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Participation was the only domain that showed higher disability among those who received invasive ventilation.

Long-term Survival Outcomes in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer after Mastectomy with or without Breast Reconstruction.

There is ongoing debate about the safety of breast reconstruction for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) who have undergone total mastectomy (TM). More and more LABC patients are undergoing breast reconstruction after TM, but its long-term survival outcomes remain unclear. This study aims to compare the survival outcomes of LABC patients who underwent breast reconstruction after TM with those who did not, based on a large sample. We collected data for all LABC patients who underwent TM with or without breast reconstruction in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We divided patients into two groups: TM group and total mastectomy with reconstruction (TM+R) group. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to eliminate imbalances of baseline data between the in tow groups. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests, Kaplan-Meier methods, and univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses. We identified 39,112 eligible patients (33,169 patients received TM and 5,943 received TM+R), and 8,680 patients were matched after PSM (4,340 patients received TM and 4,340 received TM+R). Patients with middle age, white, married, lived in urban, IIB-IIIA stage, invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), pathological grade II-III, hormone receptor positive, and undergone chemotherapy were more likely to receive breast reconstruction. After PSM, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed better OS and BCSS in the TM+R group versus the TM group (OS:P&lt;0.001; BCSS: P=0.008). Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that TM+R significantly improved OS and BCSS (OS: hazard ratio (HR) 0.73, 95% CI [0.68,0.79], P&lt;0.001; BCSS: 95% CI [0.79,0.94], P=0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with old age, white, and hormone receptor positive had better OS and BCSS by TM+R compared to TM. Breast reconstruction after total mastectomy is associated with better OS and BCSS in patients with LABC.

Differential temporal decline of cerebral oxytocin and μ-opioid receptor density during the aging process in mice.

Aging is often associated with changes in social, sexual, emotional and pain functioning, as well as with the increased prevalence of certain psychopathologies. However, the neurodevelopmental basis underpinning these age-related changes remains to be determined. Considering the key roles of oxytocin (OTR) and μ-opioid (MOPr) receptor systems in regulating social, sexual, pain, reward and emotional processing, it seems plausible that they are also implicated in age-related behavioural alterations. Although the ontogeny of both receptors has been well characterized in rodent brains from early development till adulthood, little is known concerning the neuroadaptations occurring from middle age to old age. Therefore, we mapped the neuroadaptations in OTR and MOPr in the brains of mice at those developmental endpoints. Quantitative OTR and MOPr autoradiographic binding was carried out in the brains of male mice at 2, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months of age. A significant whole brain decline in OTR density was detected between 2 and 6months of age, with no additional decline thereafter. Interestingly, for MOPrs, the decline in density was not detected until 9months of age. Region-specific age-related decline in OTR density was concentrated in the lateral anterior olfactory nuclei (AOL) and, for MOPr, in the AOL and the nucleus accumbens for MOPr. Identifying the tipping point of these age-related variations in both receptors may assist with our understanding of the neurobiology underlining age-related changes in social, pain and emotional functioning/processing. It may also help us target interventions to specific developmental windows to abrogate certain age-related psychopathologies.

An Investigation of the Effects of Mask-Wearing on Confidence Levels of Young People to Middle Age in Bangkok Metropolitan Region

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread mask-wearing to prevent disease transmission. Initial studies indicated that 89% of the Thai population wore masks, rising to 96% when mandated. Even after the pandemic, mask-wearing persisted due to factors beyond health concerns. This research examines the phenomenon of “Mask Fishing,” where individuals believe masks enhance their attractiveness, a trend popularized on TikTok. The study explores the psychological impacts of mask-wearing, including increased confidence and reduced self-esteem. Additionally, masks have been found to improve perceived facial attractiveness, particularly enhancing the appearance of eyes. This study investigates these hidden factors, focusing on how mask-wearing affects personal confidence, communication, and facial expressions.

Unravelling 6000 years of interplay among environmental changes, anthropogenic activities, and Vesuvius eruptions in the upper Sarno Plain (Campania, Italy)

Abstract Pollen analysis was carried out on the infilling succession of the Fossa San Vito sinkhole, at the NE foothills of the Sarno Plain (Italy). Four 14C dates and six tephra layers constrain the pollen sequence between ca. 6000 and 500 cal yr BP. A forested environment, with a few signs of human activities, characterizes the pre-protohistoric period (ca. 6000–2750 yr BP). Stability of the arboreal pollen grains to non-arboreal pollen grains (AP/NAP) curve is due to climate-related opposite oscillations of deciduous and evergreen forest. In this period, the pyroclastic products from Neapolitan volcanoes that reached the upper Sarno Plain seem to have affected neither vegetation nor human activities. In the archaic and classic periods (ca. 2750–1500 yr BP), intensive deforestation and increase in anthropogenic indicators indicate the occurrence of grazing and crop activities managed by the main urban centers located in the plain: Pompeii, Stabiae, and Nuceria. After the Pompeii eruption in CE 79, a rapid re-afforestation and decline in all anthropogenic indicators testify to the temporary abandonment of the area, linked to the disastrous demise of the main economic centers. The upper plain was repopulated and exploited in the Late Ancient and Middle Ages (ca. 1700–500 yr BP), as indicated by the increase in all crop and grazing indicators.

Народжуваність та сімейна політика у країнах Європи у період пандемії COVID-19

The study of shifts in the fertility dynamics during crisis periods along with changes in the system of family policy in European countries is a relevant direction of research for the further development of Ukraine’s demographic policy, increasing its effectiveness, especially in the period of post-war reconstruction. In this regard, the purpose of our paper is to find out the changes in trends and structural characteristics of fertility in the first years of the COVID-19 pandemic in European countries in combination with the analysis of change in family policy, effectiveness of current and implemented during this period policy measures. The main methods used in the paper were systematization and generalization of statistical information from various sources, structural-logical and comparative analysis and critical assessment of measures implemented to counter crisis situations in developed European countries. The scientific novelty consists in generalizing fertility characteristics and family policy measures to counteract the negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on family wellbeing in European countries. The grouping of European countries was based on the changes that occurred in the fertility dynamics on the eve of the COVID-19 pandemic and in 2020—2021. In most countries, there was a decrease in the total fertility rate in 2020 followed by a rather sharp rise in 2021. This became possible due to the increase in childbirth among women of middle and older reproductive age. The countries in which there was a long period of decline in the total fertility rate before the epidemic but in 2021 fertility increased despite the complexity of the epidemiological situation (Ireland, the Netherlands, Iceland, Norway) have drawn the most attention. Consistency, comprehensiveness, adherence to principles, variety are key characteristics of family policy that strengthen reproductive resilience. Along with providing financial assistance to families with children, in many countries, parents were given additional paid leave, measures were introduced to counter the dismissal of employees who have children, support was provided to institutions that continued to provide childcare services, and remote employment opportunities were expanded. The issues of the influence of population’s trust in the government (especially in periods of crisis) on formation of reproductive intentions and their realization need further study.

Patriarcapitalism? Towards an Intertwined History of Inheritance law and Capitalism from the Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution (c. 1350–1850)

Abstract This article examines the patriarchal nature of inheritance law in late medieval and early modern England, the existence of an aristocratic offensive in the field of law against women’s inheritance rights between the 14th and the 18th century, and the relation between this offensive and the rise of agrarian capitalism. It then investigates the favorable effects of this legal legacy on the accumulation and concentration of the means of agrarian, coal and industrial commodity production in the hands of a minority of male aristocrats and bourgeois who played a significant role in the making of the Industrial Revolution.

Family Lore, a Variant of Uncertain Significance, andCADASIL.

An infant presents in extremis. After the medical team stabilizes him, the race is on to figure out why he got so sick in the first place. The consulting genetics team thinks that it is unlikely his problems are due to a genetic cause, but his extreme, confounding presentation is enough to justify trio exome sequencing. When the results reveal an unexpected, paternally inherited variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in NOTCH3, fresh questions arise. The infant's presenting symptoms and descriptive diagnoses, including hematemesis, epistaxis, and gastric ulcers, certainly do not fit the mold of CADASIL. However, closer inspection of his family history yields tantalizing clues: a father and paternal grandfather with seizures, and apaternal grandfather with unexplained mood disturbances in middle age. Combining details gleaned from the family history and medical literature, the clinical genetics and laboratory genetics team collaborated, reclassified the VUS as likely pathogenic, and offered a new unifying diagnosis to explain much of the family's lore.

Statistical analysis of predictors of effectiveness of complex physiotherapeutic treatment in patients with involutional skin changes

BACKGROUND: Analysis of predictors of the effectiveness of various treatment regimens for diseases, as well as the correction of involutionary processes in the human body, is increasingly becoming a standard in scientific medical research. The technology for identifying them traditionally includes the use of correlation and regression analysis, as well as the principles of correlation adaptometry, which makes it possible to approach the solution of this problem from the position of system analysis. AIM: Analysis of predictors of the effectiveness of correction of involutive skin changes in middle-aged and older women with metabolic syndrome using various therapeutic regimens, including hyaluronic acid laser phoresis and the use of transcranial magnetic therapy in combination with oxygen barotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out with the participation of 60 patients from middle and older age with involutional changes in the skin against the background of metabolic syndrome. All patients were divided into 2 groups using simple fixed randomization. The first group (comparison, 30 patients) received laser phoresis of hyaluronic acid in the form of a 1.5% sodium hyaluronate gel using a laser and laser-vacuum therapy device LAZMIK. Patients of the second group (main group, 30 patients) were prescribed combined physiotherapy. For transcranial magnetic therapy, the Amo-Atos device with the Headband attachment was used, and oxygen barotherapy was carried out in single pressure chambers of the Oka-MT or Irtysh-Shch1 type under a pressure of 2 atm for 1 hour. RESULTS: It was found that in the initial state, the quality of life of patients with involutional changes in the skin against the background of metabolic skin syndrome was largely determined by the presence of pathological correlation galaxies that integrate changes in the condition of the skin, metabolic disorders, indicators of oxidative stress and microhemodynamics, and the activity of proinflammatory cytokines. At the same time, the leading role in the deterioration of the quality of life belonged to the age of the patients, the insulin resistance index, transepidermal water loss and microcirculation indicator. However, predictors of effectiveness varied across different treatment regimens. With laser phoresis of hyaluronic acid, its effectiveness increases in younger women with minimal involutional manifestations of skin aging, tested for the condition of the skin, while combined physiotherapy is also most effective in women with a low average age limit, with minimal manifestations of metabolic syndrome and inflammatory processes, as well as against the background of high activity values of one of the enzymes of antioxidant protection ― superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSION: The results obtained convincingly prove the effectiveness of combination therapy in correcting involutive skin changes in middle-aged and older women due to metabolic syndrome, which is comparable in a number of parameters to the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid laser phoresis. At the same time, predictors of effectiveness depend on the characteristics of the mechanisms of therapeutic action of the treatment regimens used, which allows for a more correct approach to the choice of personalized treatment methods.

To the Сentenary of the Polonist Нistorian: Vladimir Alexandrovich Yakubsky

The article is devoted to the prominent Russian historian, specialist in the history of Poland Vladimir A. Yakubsky (1924–2013). In the context of the general characteristics of the scientist's creative heritage, a clear relationship between his social-economic research and observations on the general course of Polish history, including the most controversial issues, is shown. The contribution of V.A. Yakubsky, together with G.E. Lebedeva, to the creation of a collective portrait image of the Department of the History of the Middle Ages of Leningrad University, to the historiography of the history of Russian studies of Polish history is emphasized. It is particularly emphasized that the participation of V.A. Yakubsky's involvement in the implementation of major academic research projects was evidence of the inextricable scientific connections between Leniningrad-St. Petersburg Slavic studies and Moscow Slavic studies.