Microzonation Maps Research Articles

Seismic Site Characterization and Region-Specific Seismic Site Parameter Relationships of Essex County, Ontario, Canada

Abstract We perform a multimethod in situ seismic field campaign to assess variability in local site conditions throughout Essex County, Ontario, Canada. Fundamental peak frequencies (f0HV) determined at 86 sites from microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (MHVSRs) increase southward from Windsor (∼1.7 Hz) to Amherstburg (>4 Hz) and eastward within Amherstburg (up to 17 Hz). We determine similar VS for individual subsurface layers at the 11 array sites from constrained shear wave velocity (VS) depth (z) profiles obtained by joint inversion of the site’s fundamental-mode Rayleigh-wave dispersion curve and f0HV. This indicates that the spatial variation in f0HV is driven primarily by the resonator depth, which shallows southward. We compile our 11 noninvasive VS depth profiles with an additional 86 VS profiles from previous invasive field testing, to develop a VS–depth relationship for Essex County’s postglacial sediments. Use of most other VS–z relationships available in eastern Canada underpredict the fundamental site frequency in Essex County because the average VS typical of those regions is lower. We find that the velocities for Montreal and Charlevoix (Canada) are closest to the velocities of our study area and consistent with Holocene alluvium deposits in the U.S. Geological Survey national crustal model. Compilation of in situ measurements at 172 sites throughout Essex County enables determination of three region-specific predictive relationships of important seismic site characterization metrics that are applied to generate regional seismic microzonation maps.

Seismic Microzonation Mapping for Urban and Land Sustainable Planning in High Seismicity Areas (L’Aquila Municipality, Central Italy): The Contribution of 2D Modeling for the Evaluation of the Amplification Factors

Seismic Microzonation Mapping for Urban and Land Sustainable Planning in High Seismicity Areas (L’Aquila Municipality, Central Italy): The Contribution of 2D Modeling for the Evaluation of the Amplification Factors

Site Response Analysis Considering Site-Affects Leading to Seismic Microzonation Map of Lahore

Site Response Analysis Considering Site-Affects Leading to Seismic Microzonation Map of Lahore

Interpretation of Microtremor Data Through Analysis Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) for Microzonation of Seismic Earthquake Hazards in Baubau City

Research has been carried out on seismic hazard microzonation in the city of Bau – bau using microtremor data. The aim of this research is to determine the seismic vulnerability index based on horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) analysis and create a dominant frequency microzonation map (F0), dominant period map (T0), amplification factor map (A0), and seismic vulnerability index map (Kg) from microtremor data which can describe the level of vulnerability of an area to seismic hazards. Microtremor measurements were carried out using a portable three-component seismograph (TDS. 303), the data was analyzed with gepsy software via the HVSR method. The research results show that the distribution of dominant frequency values ​​(F0), ranges from 0.4795 Hz to 16.6383 Hz, dominant period values ​​(T0), ranges from 0.0601 seconds to 2.0854 seconds, amplification factor values ​​(A0), ranges from 1.2285 to 4.9043, and the seismic vulnerability index (Kg) value ranges from 0.1043 to 11.0276. The values ​​(F0), (T0), (A0), and (Kg) are interpreted by referring to literature data and surface geological maps of the research area. The results show that the study area has a small portion of sediment layers that are vulnerable to seismic hazards.

The Importance of seismic microzonation under the threat of an earthquake of the north anatolian fault in nilüfer, bursa, turkiye

The Nilüfer district experienced the most recent urbanization among the central districts of Bursa in South Marmara region with the completion of rapid construction. Since 358 BCE, many destructive earthquakes were reported on the branches of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) which caused extensive damage to buildings and loss of life near Bursa city. Besides some studies conducted to define the soil behavior in the vicinity of Bursa, a seismic hazard study in Nilüfer is still lacking. We, therefore, carried out a microzonation study including the following steps. First, an earthquake hazard analysis was conducted and the peak ground acceleration (PGA) values were determined for an expected earthquake. In the next step, MASW (Multi-Channel Analysis of Surface Wave) measurements conducted at 54 points in 28 neighbourhoods of Nilüfer district were evaluated. Soil mechanical parameters were determined at 11 boreholes to assess the liquefaction potential. It was found that almost half of the study area suffers from low damage considering only the vulnerability index (Kg) index, which depends on the site effect. Therefore, in addition to the Kg values, we created a microzonation map using the results of soil liquefaction, settlement, changes in groundwater level, and the average values of spectral acceleration. The study area is classified by four damage levels changing from low to high. Using only the Kg index could not quantify the potential damage level in the study area, thus we showed that the districts of Altınşehir, Hippodrome, Ürünlü and Alaaddinbey, Ertuğrul, 29 Ekim, 23 Nisan, Ahmetyesevi and Minareliçavuş were identified at potentially high-risk damage zones. The results of this study clearly showed that considering the Kg index, which depends only on the local site effect, may lead to inadequate damage values.

Indicative microzonation map of the contact zone between the kenny hill and limestone formation using active, passive and hybrid MASW methods

Abstract The impact of the far-field earthquake generated by the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (Richter scale of 9.3) was also felt by Malaysians. The ground motion triggered by this earthquake is caused by the shear wave velocity (Vs), particularly at a depth of 30 m (Vs30). Therefore, this dynamic soil properties need to be determined, which was evaluated using the active, passive, and hybrid multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) methods at 16 locations in the contact zone between the Kenny Hill and limestone formations in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Vs determined from the MASW for the contact zone ranging from 198 m/s to 286 m/s at the ground surface and from 376 m/s to 662 m/s at 30 m depth. In contrast, in the non-contact zone, Vs range from 212 m/s to 328 m/s at the ground surface and from 562 m/s to 921 m/s at 30 m depth. For Vs30, the contact zone has a minimum value of 280 m/s and a maximum value of 380 m/s, while the non-contact zone has a minimum value of 370 m/s and a maximum value of 530 m/s.

Seismic Hazard Microzonation Map for the Central Plain of Thailand

A study was conducted to investigate the seismic hazard microzonation of the central plain of Thailand, which is situated in an area with a thick quaternary basin. Unconsolidated sediments can lead to amplification of earthquake ground shaking at fundamental frequency and can cause a significant increase in damage to buildings. The research yielded significant results, including the development of a fundamental frequency map through the analysis of HVSR for 149 microtremor measurement sites. Subsequently, a Vs30 map was derived utilizing HVSR inversion techniques, and a soil classification map was constructed based on the NEHRP classification. The upper central plain along the Yom River and the Nan River had a low fundamental frequency of 0.3-0.5 Hz and low Vs30, which can be classified as soil type Class E. In the southern areas of Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani, and central Bangkok, an extremely low Vs30 of less than 100 m/s was observed, indicating soil class F or special soft soil. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis by considering the Vs30 sites condition for PGA, SA0.2s, and SA1.0s with a 2475-year return period. The northern region of the upper central plain and the western side of the central basin exhibit relatively high seismic hazards. Furthermore, the site effect significantly amplifies ground motion at the 1.0 second period, surpassing the earthquake-resistant design standard for buildings in Thailand by more than 5 times, particularly in the central region of the lower central plain.

Assessing soil vulnerability in Petobo post-liquefaction zone, Palu, Central Sulawesi: A microzonation study utilizing microtremor measurements

On September 28, 2018, a 7.5 Richter magnitude earthquake struck the Palu City neighborhood of Petobo. The tectonic activity along the Palu-Koro fault generated this earthquake, which resulted in soil liquefaction. The purpose of this study is to use microtremor measurements at 33 distinct places to investigate the properties of the soil layer after liquefaction. The obtained data was then evaluated utilizing Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) methodologies such as Ground Shear Strength (GSS), amplification factor, and vulnerability index to determine the soil layer's properties and susceptibility. The dominant frequency ranges from 0.19 to 4.75 Hz, while the dominant period ranges from 0.21 to 5.17 seconds, according to the measurement results. According to these measurements, the silt layer varies between 5 and 30 m. GSS values in the 10-4 to 10-2 range indicate that soil cracking, subsidence, liquefaction, landslides, and compaction are likely. The soil vulnerability and amplification index values range from 2.36 to 4.37, respectively. These values show the potential level of danger, which might be low, medium, high, or extremely high. Peak ground acceleration varied from 299.52 to 301.52 gals, suggesting high to extremely high danger levels. The microzonation map created for this study is considered to be a useful resource for training disaster mitigation approaches and facilitating infrastructure development planning in the region.

Scaling factors for 1-D ground response amplification in a soft soil basin

Basin presence is believed to affect the ground surface response due to earthquakes, particularly in areas around the basin edge. Previous studies showed that 1-D and 2-D wave propagation analyses resulted in significant differences in amplification at the basin edge. However, the link between 1-D and 2-D responses has not been studied for engineering practices. In practical application, seismic studies were commonly performed using 1-D analysis, for example, to develop a city micro-zonation map. Based on practical considerations, it is necessary to estimate the scaling factor for the 1-D analysis by considering the basin presence, particularly for one containing soft soil. There are three stages carried out in this study. The first stage: collecting data on some basin geometries for the 2-D modeling references and then defining selected site class and input motions. The second stage: modeling 1-D and 2-D wave propagation using D-MOD and Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC), respectively. The third stage: comparing spectral acceleration resulting from the 1-D and 2-D analyses to obtain the scaling factors. This research studied and reported the relationship between PGA values varied as 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g, and 0.5 g, basin geometry (e.g., the angle was set to 5°, 10°, 15°, 30°, and 45°, with depth and width variations of 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4, while the basin width was adjusted to 500 m, 1 km, 2 km, and 4 km), and the spectral acceleration in several observation points on the ground surface. Based on this evaluation, a series of scaling factors are proposed. These factors can be used for spectral acceleration from available hazard maps, commonly developed based on 1-D analysis. The application example of this scaling factor is presented in this study, using the Bandung Basin case.

Pemodelan Estimasi Kecepatan Rambat Gelombang Geser Tanah (VS30) Berbasis Topografi, Geomorfologi dan Geologi

The 30 m top layer of soil as the medium of propagation of the earthquake wave is the closest to the structure of the building, and could have different effects depending on the type of soil and topography. The Indonesian earthquake code for building and non building structures known as SNI 1726-2012 using the directly measured VS30 as the primary parameter to identify the stiffness effect of sediment. The VS30 can be measured using non invasive methods, such as multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW). Direct, invasive measurements of VS30 around Indonesia would be difficult to implement due to the vastness of the country and the high cost nature of the testing. To provide an alternative to the direct measurement, VS30 estimation models have been developed. VS30 estimates using topography in the form of slopes are commonly used in North America, while geomorphological units are used in Japan. This research was carried out by correlating VS30 direct measurements with topographical, geomorphological and geological attributes. The VS30 obtained from series of MASW tests, the topographic slope and elevation from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 30 arcsec data, the geomorphology units data which are Structural, Karst, Vulkanik, Fluvial and Marine from landsystem map and the geologic age data from Geological Survey Centre (PSG). Data were analyzed by linear regression and spatial analysis. VS30 estimation modeling produces models with four variables, namely elevation, slope, geomorphological unit and geological age in the regions of Palu. Four proxy based estimates provide values that are slightly higher or lower but in a range not so far from direct measurements. The results of data processing analysis shows that local conditions greatly affect VS30 estimates in Palu. The VS30 estimation model in the form of a logarithmic equation is as follows, Log VS30 = -3.925 + 0.062 log(s) + 0.069 log(Ev) + 0.665 log(G) + 1.824 log(A) gives a slightly higher or lower value but in a range not far from direct measurement. This VS30 estimation model is suitable for soil classification on a regional scale and can be adopted for microzonation maps or real-time shake map.

Seismic microzonation mapping of Greater Vancouver based on various site classification metrics

The goal of the multi-year seismic microzonation mapping project for Greater Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, is to produce seismic hazard maps inclusive of local site effects, in particular seismic hazard specific to one-dimensional site response and three-dimensional Georgia sedimentary basin amplification, as well as liquefaction and landslide hazard potential. We explore the variability in key seismic site characterization measures most often used for seismic microzonation mapping to evaluate the impact on mapping and communication of seismic microzonation of Greater Vancouver. This study focuses on the comparison of seismic microzonation maps of Greater Vancouver based on up to three seismic site term parameters and their associated classification schemes: 1) the time-averaged shear-wave velocity (Vs) of the upper 30 m (Vs30) and associated Canadian National Building Code (NBC) site class; 2) Vs30-based site classification proposed for the updated Eurocode 8; 3) site period (T0) determined from microtremor site amplification spectra; and 4) a hybrid site classification based on T0 and the average Vs and thickness of soil. 810 Vs30 and 2,200 T0 values are determined to evaluate sub-regional differences in these important seismic site parameters in Greater Vancouver. We find that the seismic microzonation of Greater Vancouver depends on the chosen seismic site parameter (Vs30, T0, or a combination of parameters) and that classification schemes with greater class divisions are beneficial to communicating the great variability in seismic site conditions in Greater Vancouver. We recommend that either one hybrid classification map or two classification maps of Vs30 and T0 together are required for effective communication of the seismic microzonation of Greater Vancouver.

The reconstruction process of the buildings damaged by the 2017 Ischia earthquake

The reconstruction process of the buildings damaged by the 2017 Ischia earthquake is currently ongoing and it is managed by the “Structure of the Commissioner” issued by Decree Law No. 109/2018. The Structure of the Commissioner adopted the Erikus-ric gis platform created by the Piemonte Region, Arpa Piemonte and the Civil Protection Department. The platform allows to acquire and manage all the information related to the technical surveys to assess the structural damage and usability of buildings as well as the data resulting from the intervention projects. In detail, data related to construction characteristics, damage to structural and non-structural components, and the usability ratings on about 2,000 buildings along with data from applications for funding, landslide and flood risk maps, seismic micro-zonation map, urban plans, short term countermeasures, and building amnesty have been collected and georeferenced.The paper focuses on statistics on the typological characteristics of Ischia's built environment, construction age, and on the damage detected to structural and nonstructural components. Conversion metrics are adopted to covert damage level to structural components to building damage state and vulnerability classes. The cross-correlation between DS and vulnerability class may allow to make a preliminary estimate of operational level, based on a quick inspection on the damaged residential building. This may help decision makers to define, in the chaotic time following a disaster, funding decisions on damaged buildings.

Probabilistic approach for seismic microzonation integrating 3D geological and geotechnical uncertainty

A novel probabilistic methodology for regional seismic site characterization is proposed and applied to a region with highly heterogeneous surficial geology and varying soil sediment thickness and stiffness. The method combines various sources of geological and geotechnical uncertainties to develop a three-dimensional (3D) shear-wave velocity ( Vs) model and evaluate the associated uncertainties. A 3D geological model of the unconsolidated deposits was developed using geostatistical interpolation and simulation methods. Sequential indicator simulations produced a quantitative geologic model that explicitly quantified geological uncertainties based on the likelihood of specific soil types occurring. In situ measurements and multivariate statistical analysis allowed the development of empirical correlations between Vs, geotechnical parameters, depth, and soil types. The resulting 3D Vs values were estimated on the basis of Vs-depth correlations and the probability of occurrence of each soil type. In this approach, the propagated uncertainty was also quantified by considering the combined variance. Seismic microzonation mapping was then conducted by transforming the 3D Vs model into two-dimensional (2D) maps that represent the spatial distributions of the time-averaged shear-wave velocity of the top 30 m ( Vs,30) and the fundamental site period ( T0), along with their respective uncertainties using Monte Carlo simulations. The results indicate that microzonation maps and their uncertainties are influenced by the thickness, occurrence probability, and geotechnical properties of soils. The proposed method can be used to assess the probabilistic seismic risk at local and regional scales in areas with geologically and geotechnically complex soil properties.

Analysis of Local Site Effects in the Međimurje Region (North Croatia) and Its Consequences Related to Historical and Recent Earthquakes

The Međimurje region (North Croatia), situated between the Drava and Mura rivers with a slightly elevated hilly area, can be generally characterized as a low-seismicity area. However, macroseismic observations from historical and recent earthquakes indicate that some localities in this region are more prone to damage than others. Significant damage and the observed higher intensities in the Međimurje region after the historical earthquakes of 1738 MLm5.1 (Međimurje) and 1880 ML6.3 (Zagreb), and events that occurred in the instrumental era, 1938 ML5.6 (Koprivnica), 1982 ML4.5 (Ivanec), and the most recent 2020 ML5.5 Zagreb and 2020 ML6.2 Petrinja earthquakes, point to the influence of local site effects. There is a reasonable indication that these earthquakes involved several localized site effects that could explain the increased intensity of half a degree or even up to one degree at certain localities compared to macroseismic modeling for rock condition. To better understand the influence of local site effects in the Međimurje region, the single-station microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method for subsurface characterization was used. Based on individual measurements, microzonation maps were derived for the Međimurje region to better understand the behavior of ground motion and the influence of local site conditions in comparison to macroseismic intensities and past damage observations. Several local site effects could be interpreted as a main contribution to site amplification and resonance effects due to variations in deep soft-deposit thicknesses overlayed on hard deposits and directional variations in topographical areas that could localize earthquake damage patterns. Correlations of microtremor analysis with intensity observations from historical earthquakes as well with recent earthquakes could help to distinguish local site zones prone to the possible occurrence of higher earthquake damage from nearby and distant earthquakes.

Positive Correlation between DYFI Intensity Data and Microzonation Site Classes for Ottawa, Quebec City, and the Metropolitan Area of Montreal

Abstract At the local scale, seismic risk is often poorly estimated when considering equal hazard values across any given community. Indeed, past damaging earthquakes have shown that site conditions, which may amplify or deamplify ground shaking, have an influence on the spatial distribution of damage in urban areas. In eastern Canada, Leda clay deposits from the old Champlain Sea are of particular concern for strong site effects in many parts of Quebec and Ontario. To capture the variability in seismic site response, microzonation maps characterizing average shear wave velocity for the upper 30 m of soil, and predominant resonance frequency have been developed for Montreal, Ottawa, and Quebec City. The maps derived from seismic and borehole measurements have been used to develop shake map scenarios but have not been validated, because there have not been any significantly large, close earthquakes in recent years, and because the seismograph network coverage is not adequate to provide a detailed picture of variations in shaking across a city. Nevertheless, all the three cities are in or near active seismic zones, and felt reports, although less accurate than instrumental data, are numerous and provide a dense dataset showing relative shaking levels across a region. Using intensity data for several moderate earthquakes collected largely via the Canadian internet “Did You Feel It?” page, we systematically compare reported shaking levels to soil conditions indicated by the microzonation maps. This study shows a clear correlation between high-reported intensities and soft soils for Montreal where the number of observations is the largest. The results suggest that intensity data collected via the internet and social media could provide a viable method for validating microzonation maps and shaking scenarios.

Seismic Microzonation Map for a Fixed-Jacket Platform in the Malay Basin

The existence of soft soil in offshore areas may lead to the amplification of vibration received from offshore facilities, especially from the existing fixed-jacket platforms, which were designed without provision to seismicity, as in Malaysian water. Therefore, this study was designed to develop a seismic microzonation map and a soil amplification factor map according to soil type; we propose horizontal response spectra and site coefficient values (Ca and Cv) for the Malay Basin. A one-dimensional nonlinear analysis of layered soil (NERA) was used in the ground response analysis for six selected seismic events under five return periods of 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 2500 years. Soil amplification factors for soil types D and E showed a decreasing trend from 100 years to 2500 years. Two designed horizontal response spectra are proposed (for soil type D and E) under average and envelope conditions; a comparison with ISO showed that the proposed spectra were higher, especially for soil type E. To summarize, the seismicity effect should be included in the development of offshore industries as findings indicated that soil amplification occurred in soil types D and E at the Malay Basin.

Seismic Microzonation of the Pompeii Archaeological Park (Southern Italy): Local Seismic Amplification Factors

Pompeii Archaeological Park is the best laboratory for the study of the seismic site effects on cultural heritage: the ancient site was destroyed and buried by the 79 AD Vesuvian eruption and, furthermore, it was also affected by the 62–63 AD strong earthquake. Large sectors of the city were reconstructed after this earthquake while other parts were still under reconstruction when the fall-out and pyroclastic density currents of the eruption buried the Roman city. In order to evaluate the distribution of the damage and reconstructions due to the earthquake, detailed mappings of the structures were carried out using multidisciplinary approaches. In addition, analyses of the topographical features, subsoil stratigraphies, and geophysical surveys, responsible for local seismic amplification (site effects), allow us to define the sectors of the ancient city where the Amplification Factors (AFs) were the main ones responsible for damage. Selected areas and examples of compromised and reconstructed buildings show that the ancient topography and subsoil features (both lithological and seismic) are the main AFs. In particular, the damages caused by the 62–63 AD earthquakes seem to be mainly due to topographical factors such as steep scarps and slopes, ridges, peaks, and terraces, as well as to the major thickness of the soft sediments (loose volcanoclastic layers, paleosols, weathered lavas, and anthropogenic infillings) located over the well-lithified lavas. It is not uncommon to also have the combination of these two factors. For the first time, this multidisciplinary approach allows us to draw a seismic microzonation map for one of the most important archaeological sites of the world.

Local seismic hazard map based on the response spectra of stiff and very dense soils in Bengkulu city, Indonesia

It is well known that seismic hazard assessment should be implemented to design infrastructures in an earthquake-prone area such as Bengkulu. This paper presents local seismic hazard maps based on the response spectra of stiff and very dense soils in Bengkulu city, Indonesia. We collect the soil data and conduct the seismic wave propagation. The input motion for wave propagation analysis is generated from the spectral acceleration curves of stiff and dense soils. Various ground motion parameters such as peak ground acceleration, short-period and long-period spectral accelerations, and amplification factors are presented in microzonation maps. The results show that the peak ground acceleration in the study area ranges from 0.2 to 0.8 g, while the spectral acceleration varies between 0.5–1.5 g and 0.4–0.8 g for periods of 0.2 and 1 s, respectively. The amplification factor of the site is observed to vary from 0.5 to 1.6. Considering other spectral accelerations in Bengkulu, the spectral acceleration design shows a good performance. The results indicate the site characteristics of Bengkulu city, which can provide engineers with site class for structural building design.

Seismic microzoning of the Delhi metropolitan area, India—II: Hazard computation and zoning maps

AbstractWe present seismic microzonation maps of New Delhi, India, using the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) method with input seismic activity parameters estimated in Part‐I of this two‐part paper. Our calculations required three different attenuation equations for amplitude scaling of strong ground motion from three principal contributing sources: the National Capital Region (NCR), Northwestern Himalaya (NWH), and the Hindu Kush subduction (HKS). We show that uniform hazard spectral (UHS) amplitudes are dominated only by the local seismicity in the NCR at high frequencies beyond about 2 Hz. For intermediate and long periods, UHS amplitudes are dominated by contributions from the NWH and HKS earthquakes. Our results show that specifying strong motion amplitudes for use in engineering design by means of peak ground acceleration can lead to serious errors for buildings higher than four to five stories and hence should not be used. Our results also show that the shape of design spectra must depend on the nature of contributing earthquake sources, their relative activity, potential to create large magnitudes, and geographical placement relative to the site of interest, and thus a standard design‐spectrum shape cannot satisfy all these requirements. We use local geological site condition parameters directly in all calculations and present hazard maps for three different soil site conditions (“rock,” stiff soil sites, and deep soil sites). Thus, the user can extract the UHS amplitudes of pseudo relative velocity spectra at any site in the National Capital Territory by experimentally determining the local soil site conditions and then applying the corresponding maps shown in this paper.

Correlation between Building Damages and Losses with the Microzonation Map of Mataram—Case Study: Lombok Earthquake 2018, Indonesia

The high intensity of the earthquake on Lombok Island on 5 August 2018, with a magnitude of 7.0 Mb, caused material losses experienced by the affected residential areas. The Indonesian Geological Agency in 2015 published a microzonation map that mapped zones prone to earthquake shocks to mitigate disasters. This study aimed to compare the level of damage and loss in residential areas due to earthquakes in Mataram City with earthquake-prone zones using a microzonation map. The correlation between damage and loss value of residentials with microzonation maps was evaluated using the overlay method. The results showed that the level of damage and the value of the loss of houses in the high disaster-prone zone (red zone) showed the highest loss value. In comparison, the level of losses in the moderate disaster-prone zone (yellow zone) and light disaster-prone zone (blue zone) on the microzonation map shows a low and lower loss value. This study concludes that the microzonation map helps determine the damage zone and the level of disaster vulnerability caused by the earthquake hazard.