Microvessel Density In Patients Research Articles

The prognostic value of microRNA-126 and microvessel density in patients with stage II colon cancer: results from a population cohort.

BackgroundAngiogenesis plays a pivotal role in malignant tumour growth and the metastatic process. We analysed the prognostic value of two angiogenesis parameters, microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) and microvessel density (MVD), in a population based cohort of patients operated for stage II colon cancer.MethodsA total of 560 patients were included. Analyses were performed on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue from the primary tumours. The analysis of miRNA-126 expression was performed by qPCR. Microvessels were visualised by CD105 and quantified in hot spots using a light microscope. The analyses were correlated with recurrence-free cancer specific survival (RF-CSS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsLow miRNA-126 expression was significantly correlated to T4, high malignancy grade, tumour perforation, fixation, and the presence of microsatellite instability. A prognostic impact on OS was detected in the simple analysis favouring patients with high miRNA-126 expression p = 0.03, and borderline significance as to RF-CSS, p = 0.08. The impact on OS demonstrated borderline significance in a following multiple Cox regression analysis, hazard ratio 0.76 (95% confidence interval, 0.58-1.00), p = 0.051. The MVD estimate was not associated with either RF-CSS, p = 0.49, or OS, p = 0.94.ConclusionThe current population based study of patients operated for stage II colon cancer demonstrated correlations between several prognostic unfavourable characteristics and miRNA-126 and argues for a possible prognostic impact on overall survival. An influence on survival by the MVD estimate was not detected.

237 Dutasteride can reduce intraoperative bleeding during transurethral resection of the prostate: Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD34

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Dutasteride is an antiandrogen that inhibits 5-a-reductase, an enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride significantly reduces intraoperative bleeding when 0.5 mg/d is administered for 60 days before transurethral resection of the prostate. METHODS: Our double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated 300 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. We compared a placebo group (n 150) with a group (n 150) administered 0.5 mg of dutasteride once a day for 8 weeks. We intended to demonstrate the mechanisms and effects of dutasteride compared with those of vascular endothelial growth factor, and to evaluate CD34, an immunohistochemical marker of blood vessel density in the prostate. RESULTS: In 8 weeks, 0.5 mg/d of dutasteride reduced serum DHT by 95%, with intraprostatic DHT about 27 times lower than in the placebo group. A difference in perioperative bleeding was observed between the dutasteride group (1.4 1.6 g Hb resected) and the placebo group (2.1-2.5 g Hb resected). Average MVD of the hypertrophic prostate, calculated by CD34 evaluation, was lower in patients treated with dutasteride than placebo. The average VEGF index of the hypertrophic prostate was lower in patients treated with finasteride (1.87 0.39) than placebo (4.05 0.80). CONCLUSIONS: Our study used VEGF and CD34 antibodies, starting from preclinical study in rats, to determine microvessel density in patients with BPH. We intending to demonstrate a correlation between dutasteride action and the vascularization of hypertrophic prostate tissue. We clearly demonstrated that VEGF and CD34 values were firmly lower in patients pretreated with dutasteride than placebo; therefore, a correlation exists. Finally our results suggest that dutasteride reduces intraoperative TURP bleeding, as demonstrated by MVD reduction in hypertrophic prostatic tissue. Source of Funding: None

PD26-02 VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) AND CD34 TO EVALUATE IF DUTASTERIDE CAN REDUCE INTRAOPERATIVE BLEEDING DURING BIPOLAR TRANS-URETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE

You have accessJournal of UrologyBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Surgical Therapy & New Technology I1 Apr 2014PD26-02 VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) AND CD34 TO EVALUATE IF DUTASTERIDE CAN REDUCE INTRAOPERATIVE BLEEDING DURING BIPOLAR TRANS-URETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE Gian Maria Busetto, Riccardo Giovannone, Gabriele Antonini, Vincenzo Gentile, and Ettore De Berardinis Gian Maria BusettoGian Maria Busetto More articles by this author , Riccardo GiovannoneRiccardo Giovannone More articles by this author , Gabriele AntoniniGabriele Antonini More articles by this author , Vincenzo GentileVincenzo Gentile More articles by this author , and Ettore De BerardinisEttore De Berardinis More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.2089AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Dutasteride is an antiandrogen that inhibits 5-á-reductase, an enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride significantly reduces intraoperative bleeding when 0.5 mg/d is administered for 60 days before transurethral resection of the prostate. METHODS Our double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated 300 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. We compared a placebo group (n = 150) with a group (n = 150) administered 0.5 mg of dutasteride once a day for 8 weeks. We intended to demonstrate the mechanisms and effects of dutasteride compared with those of vascular endothelial growth factor, and to evaluate CD34, an immunohistochemical marker of blood vessel density in the prostate. RESULTS In 8 weeks, 0.5 mg/d of dutasteride reduced serum DHT by 95%, with intraprostatic DHT about 27 times lower than in the placebo group. A difference in perioperative bleeding was observed between the dutasteride group (1.4–1.6 g Hb resected) and the placebo group (2.1–2.5 g Hb resected). Average MVD of the hypertrophic prostate, calculated by CD34 evaluation, was lower in patients treated with dutasteride than placebo. The average VEGF index of the hypertrophic prostate was lower in patients treated with finasteride (1.87 ± 0.39) than placebo (4.05 ± 0.80). CONCLUSIONS Our study used VEGF and CD34 antibodies, starting from preclinical study in rats, to determine microvessel density in patients with BPH. We intending to demonstrate a correlation between dutasteride action and the vascularization of hypertrophic prostate tissue. We clearly demonstrated that VEGF and CD34 values were firmly lower in patients pretreated with dutasteride than placebo; therefore, a correlation exists. Finally our results suggest that dutasteride reduces intraoperative TURP bleeding, as demonstrated by MVD reduction in hypertrophic prostatic tissue. © 2014FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 191Issue 4SApril 2014Page: e758 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2014MetricsAuthor Information Gian Maria Busetto More articles by this author Riccardo Giovannone More articles by this author Gabriele Antonini More articles by this author Vincenzo Gentile More articles by this author Ettore De Berardinis More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Expression of SHP2 and Related Markers in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between the expression of SHP2 and VEGF, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and microvessel density (MVD), as well as the clinicopathologic parameters of these markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Using a tissue microarray, the expression of these 8 markers in 80 NSCLC cases was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of the markers was higher in cancer tissues when compared with the surrounding tissues. The MVD was lower in the CD34-positive cancer tissues than in the surrounding tissues. Significantly higher positive rates of expression for SHP2, MMP-9, and MMP-2 were observed in patients with lymph node metastases. The later the clinical stage was, the higher the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2. The expression of VEGF in patients with lung squamous cell carcinomas was significantly higher than in patients with lung adenocarcinomas. The positive expression of SHP2 correlated significantly with that of VEGFR-2 and the MVD and a survival disadvantage was noted in the patients with SHP2-positive tumors. Therefore, our data suggest that the expression of SHP2 in NSCLC has high specificity and sensitivity and is closely related to lymph node metastasis and the expression of VEGFR-2 and the MVD in patients with NSCLC. SHP2 expression may promote the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC through angiogenesis and the lymphatic system.

Contrast-Enhanced Intraoperative Ultrasound and Microvessel Density in Patients With Different Pathological Grades of Cerebral Gliomas

Contrast-Enhanced Intraoperative Ultrasound and Microvessel Density in Patients With Different Pathological Grades of Cerebral Gliomas

1601 DUTASTERIDE CAN REDUCE INTRAOPERATIVE BLEEDING DURING TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE: EVALUATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) AND CD34

You have accessJournal of UrologyBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Basic Research1 Apr 20131601 DUTASTERIDE CAN REDUCE INTRAOPERATIVE BLEEDING DURING TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE: EVALUATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) AND CD34 Gian Maria Busetto, Gabriele Antonini, Riccardo Giovannone, Vincenzo Gentile, and Ettore De Berardinis Gian Maria BusettoGian Maria Busetto Rome, Italy More articles by this author , Gabriele AntoniniGabriele Antonini Rome, Italy More articles by this author , Riccardo GiovannoneRiccardo Giovannone Rome, Italy More articles by this author , Vincenzo GentileVincenzo Gentile Rome, Italy More articles by this author , and Ettore De BerardinisEttore De Berardinis Rome, Italy More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.3151AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Dutasteride is an antiandrogen that inhibits 5-á-reductase, an enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride significantly reduces intraoperative bleeding when 0.5 mg/d is administered for 60 days before transurethral resection of the prostate. METHODS Our double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated 300 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. We compared a placebo group (n = 150) with a group (n = 150) administered 0.5 mg of dutasteride once a day for 8 weeks. We intended to demonstrate the mechanisms and effects of dutasteride compared with those of vascular endothelial growth factor, and to evaluate CD34, an immunohistochemical marker of blood vessel density in the prostate. RESULTS In 8 weeks, 0.5 mg/d of dutasteride reduced serum DHT by 95%, with intraprostatic DHT about 27 times lower than in the placebo group. A difference in perioperative bleeding was observed between the dutasteride group (1.4 - 1.6 g Hb resected) and the placebo group (2.1-2.5 g Hb resected). Average MVD of the hypertrophic prostate, calculated by CD34 evaluation, was lower in patients treated with dutasteride than placebo. The average VEGF index of the hypertrophic prostate was lower in patients treated with finasteride (1.87 ± 0.39) than placebo (4.05 ± 0.80). CONCLUSIONS Our study used VEGF and CD34 antibodies, starting from preclinical study in rats, to determine microvessel density in patients with BPH. We intending to demonstrate a correlation between dutasteride action and the vascularization of hypertrophic prostate tissue. We clearly demonstrated that VEGF and CD34 values were firmly lower in patients pretreated with dutasteride than placebo; therefore, a correlation exists. Finally our results suggest that dutasteride reduces intraoperative TURP bleeding, as demonstrated by MVD reduction in hypertrophic prostatic tissue. © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 189Issue 4SApril 2013Page: e658 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Gian Maria Busetto Rome, Italy More articles by this author Gabriele Antonini Rome, Italy More articles by this author Riccardo Giovannone Rome, Italy More articles by this author Vincenzo Gentile Rome, Italy More articles by this author Ettore De Berardinis Rome, Italy More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Combination decitabine, arsenic trioxide, and ascorbic acid for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia: A phase I study

Combination decitabine, arsenic trioxide, and ascorbic acid for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia: A phase I study

Assessment of Bone Marrow Microvessel Density in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Angiogenesis is a physiologic process of new blood vessels formation mediated by various cytokines called proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Enhancement of angiogenesis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been recognized more recently. Our study assesses CD34 and von Willebrand factor (vWf) expression and microvessel density (MVD) in the bone marrow of patients with CLL. (1) To assess bone marrow MVD in CLL using 2 different monoclonal antibodies, CD34 and vWf; and (2) To examine the possible association of marrow MVD and clinical course, pattern of marrow infiltration, Rai stage, CD38 positivity, and cytogenetic abnormalities detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Bone marrow specimens from 33 patients with CLL and 10 controls were studied. A single microvessel was defined as any vessel with a clear lumen. The screening of the slides was carried out by hotspot method. The slides were initially screened at low power to identify the areas with highest number of microvessel or vascularity hotspot. The count of microvessel in a sufficiently extended field (40x objective lens, 10x ocular lens) was then performed. The mean value of 10 most vascularized areas at 400x field was considered as MVD for a sample. There was a significant difference between MVD counts according to the antibody used. MVD was higher using CD34 versus vWF (CD34: mean +/- SD, 35.91+/-15.7; 95% confidence interval of mean, 30.34-41.48 vessels/field versus vWF: 8.15+/-4.65; 95% confidence interval of mean, 4.11-12.44 vessels/field; P<0.0001]. Bone marrow MVD detected by CD34 was significantly higher in patients with CD38 expression more than 30% (P=0.006) and in patients with unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities. However, no significant MVD differences were detected between CLL subgroups with regard to clinical course, pattern of marrow infiltration, and Rai stage. Bone marrow MVD in patients with CLL was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.0001). MVD assessment using anti-CD34 resulted in higher MVD counts than when using anti-vWF antibody. However, no MVD differences were detected between CLL subgroups subdivided according to the above-mentioned prognostic factors except CD38 expression and genetic abnormalities.

Microvessel density and the association with single nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in patients with colorectal cancer

The measurement of microvessel density (MVD) is a widely accepted method for assessing the neoangiogenetic activity in neoplasia. The aim of the present study was to compare MVD with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1 and VEGFR-2 genes and, furthermore, with quantitative measurements of the receptors in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. Prognosis was also assessed. Blood and tissue were collected from 110 patients surgically resected for CRC. SNPs were analysed from genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction. MVD was assessed by immunohistochemistry using CD34 and CD105 combined with caldesmon in order to identify also immature vessels. Microvessels were counted in three fields of vision, and the mean MVD was used for statistical analysis. The VEGFR-2 1192 C/T and -604 T/C SNPs were associated with the MVD assessed by CD105. The median MVD score for the 1192 CC genotype was significantly lower compared to the CT + TT genotypes (p = 0.002). The median MVD score for the -604 CC genotype was significantly higher compared to the TT + TC genotypes (p = 0.009). A possible association, although non-significant, was demonstrated for the CD34-positive microvessels. The 1192 CC genotype and the -604 TT + TC genotypes correlated with improved survival. This is the first report on correlations between SNPs in the VEGF receptor genes and MVD in patients with CRC. Associations were shown between two SNPs in the VEGFR-2 gene and the CD105-positive microvessels indicating an impact on neoangiogenesis. Moreover, an association between the SNPs and survival was demonstrated. The clinical implications of these findings need further investigations.

Bone marrow angiogenesis in aplastic anemia – a study of CD 34 and VEGF expression in bone marrow biopsies

Introduction: Bone marrow function and the growth of hemopoietic cells depends on an intact microvasculature. A pivotal regulator of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Our study assesses VEGF expression and microvessel density (MVD) in the bone marrow of patients with aplastic anemia (AA).Materials and method: Bone marrow specimens from 25 patients with AA and 15 controls were studied. MVD was calculated on sections stained immunohistochemically for CD34. Subsequently, all the cases were studied for VEGF expression.Results: Bone marrow MVD in patients with AA was significantly lower than that in controls (p<0·01). There was a significant MVD difference between severe AA and moderate AA (p<0·05). VEGF expression was also significantly lower in AA cases compared to controls (p<0·05).Conclusion: Our data show that AA is associated with reduced angiogenesis and reduced VEGF expression. Defective angiogenesis may result in or aggravate bone marrow aplasia in AA patients. There are limited studies on this aspect. More studies to confirm the present hypothesis might pave the way for new treatment options in AA.

Effects of short-term dutasteride and Serenoa repens on perioperative bleeding and microvessel density in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate

Effects of short-term dutasteride and Serenoa repens on perioperative bleeding and microvessel density in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate

Effects of short-term dutasteride and Serenoa repens on perioperative bleeding and microvessel density in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate

OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the effects of short term use of dutasteride and Serenoarepens before transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on the amount of intraoperative blood loss and microvessel density (MVD) of prostatic stromal and suburethral tissues in the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The study involved 75 male patients who planned to have a TURP. The patients were randomly divided into three groups. The control group comprised 21 patients. Group 2 comprised 27 patients who used dutasteride 5 mg/day, and group 3 comprised 27 patients who used S. repens 160 mg/day for 5 weeks before the operation. The amount of intraoperative haemorrhage was calculated. Total blood loss, total blood loss/time, total blood loss/weight of resected tissue and total blood loss/weight/time were calculated for each patient and all were recorded. Sections from the prostatic stromal and suburethral tissues were examined for suburethral and prostatic MVD. The total amount of intraoperative blood loss, total blood loss/time, total blood loss/weight of resected tissue, total blood loss/weight/time, serum haemoglobin level change, prostatic MVD and suburethral MVD of the groups were compared. No significant statistical differences were found between the groups for any of these variables (p > 0.05). Dutasteride and S. repens therapies were not superior to control in terms of the decrease in total blood loss during TURP. Moreover, MVD showed no statistical differences in the treatment groups compared with the control group.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for estimating tumor proliferation and microvessel density of oral squamous cell carcinomas

We evaluated the relationship between histopathological prognostic factors, tumor proliferation microvessel density (MVD), and enhancement parameters in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Twenty-eight T2 and T3 patients with primary oral SCC underwent DCE-MRI using three-dimensional fast imaging with a steady-state precession sequence. Tumor cell proliferation and MVD of all surgical specimens were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining with CD34 and the antibody for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Regression analysis was used to statistically analyze the relationship between the PCNA labeling index or MVD and each of three DCE-MRI parameters: maximum CI (CI-max), maximum CI gain (CI-gain) and the CI-gain / CI-max ratio). The PCNA labeling index and MVD showed significant correlations with the CI-gain/CI-max ratio (P=0.0012, r=0.581 and P=0.00141, r=0.574, respectively). The assessment of DCE-MRI parameters may prove to be a valuable non-invasive method for assessing tumor cell proliferation and MVD of patients with oral cancer.

Expression of VEGF and microvessel density in patients with multiple myeloma: clinical and prognostic significance

The conflicting data are reported on the clinical significance of VEGF deregulation and intensity of angiogenesis in multiple myeloma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and prognostic significance of VEGF expression and microvessel density (MVD) in multiple myeloma, as well as the relationship of their expression with selected clinical data, histological features, and proliferative activity of myeloma cells. We analyzed bone marrow biopsy specimens obtained from 59 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Expression of VEGF and MVD was analyzed using standard immunohistochemical method (antibodies against VEGF and CD34, respectively) on B5-fixed and routinely processed paraffin-embedded bone marrow specimens. MVD was estimated by counting the number of microvessels in three "hot spots" at 400x magnification. VEGF immunoreactivity was estimated on the basis of intensity and percentage of positive plasma cells. VEGF was expressed in 47/59 (79.7%) specimens. There was no significant correlation between VEGF overexpression and age, clinical stage, the extent of osteolytic lesions, type of monoclonal protein, hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, serum concentration of creatinine, calcium, and albumins, the extent of bone marrow infiltration, histological grade, and proliferative activity index (measured with Ki-67 immunoreactivity). No significant difference was observed regarding the overall survival between VEGF-positive and VEGF-negative patients (29 vs. 34 months, P = 0.8). Median MVD was 15, ranging from 1 to 89 microvessels per three "hot spots". There was significant correlation between MVD and histological grade, the extent of bone marrow infiltration, and proliferative activity. Significant difference was observed regarding the overall survival between patients with low MVD (<15) and patients with high MVD (> or = 15) (46 vs. 22 months, P = 0.009; univariate analysis). The results of this study did not reveal clinical significance of VEGF overexpression in multiple myeloma. On the contrary, the extent of bone marrow angiogenesis is an indicator of biological potency of malignant clone and a predictor of poor survival in newly diagnosed myeloma.

Effect of Finasteride Treatment on Suburethral Prostatic Microvessel Density in Patients with Hematuria Related to Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Introduction: In the present study we evaluated the effect of short-term finasteride treatment on microvessel density (MVD)which is an indicator of prostatic angiogenesis in patients with hematuria secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: 30 patients who were candidates for BPH surgery were prospectively included in the study. All patients had history of gross hematuria and evaluated by ultrasonography and cystoscopy. The patients were randomized two groups before surgery. The treatment group consisted of 13 patients who were given 5 mg finasteride daily for 4 weeks before surgery. The control group consisted of 17 patients who did not receive finasteride before surgery. During surgery, resected suburethral and hyperplastic prostate specimens were sent for histopathologic MVD determination separately. Results: Mean MVD in the suburethral portion of prostate was significantly lower in patients treated with finasteride when compared with controls (9.08 ± 5.6 and 13.94 ± 5.90, respectively, p < 0.05). Mean MVD for the hyperplastic portion of prostate was similar for the finasteride and control groups (14.21 ± 7.10 and 19.75 ± 9.73, respectively, p > 0.05). Conclusion: The potential role of finasteride on hematuria related to BPH may be the suppressive effect on MVDin the suburethral tissue of prostate.

The Effect of Short Term Dutasteride Therapy on Microvessel Density in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Purpose: Several studies have shown that finasteride limits hematuria in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, there are few reports addressing dutasteride therapy. We evaluated the effect of dutasteride on intraoperative blood loss and on microvessel density (MVD) in patients with BPH. Materials and Methods: We studied 39 patients with BPH who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Group I included 22 patients who received dutasteride 0.5mg daily for 2 weeks preoperatively, and group II included 17 patients who did not. Blood loss was evaluated by comparing preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin. Sections from the prostatic suburothelium and hyperplastic prostate were individually stained for CD 34. MVD was calculated by counting the number of positively stained blood vessels in 5 random high power fields. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, total prostatic volume, resected prostatic weight, or prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Results: The mean MVD in the suburethral portion in dutasteride-treated patients was significantly lower than that seen in untreated patients (14.47 versus 22.19 vessels per high power field, p=0.026). In nodular hyperplasia, there was no significant difference in MVD between the two group (14.72 versus 15.24 vessels per high power field, p=0.801). Conclusions: Short term pretreatment with dutasteride decreases suburethral prostatic MVD in patients with BPH and may help reduce blood loss during TURP, particularly in huge BPH, which sometimes bleeds excessively during operation. (Korean J Urol 2008;49:515-519) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏

The effect of anti-thyroid drug treatment duration on thyroid gland microvessel density and intraoperative blood loss in patients with Graves' disease

Preoperative preparation of the patient with Graves' disease (GD) is crucial to avoid intraoperative or postoperative complications associated with anesthesia or surgery. We aimed to evaluate thyroid blood flow and microvessel density in patients with GD according to antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment, preoperatively. Forty-three patients were divided into two groups according to the ATD type. Patients in group 1 (n = 25) were treated with methimazole, whereas patients in group 2 (n = 18) were treated with propylthiouracil, preoperatively. Blood flow through the thyroid arteries was measured by color flow Doppler ultrasonography. The microvessel density (MVD) was assessed immunohistochemically and via Western blot analysis using the level of CD-34expression in thyroid tissue. There was a positive correlation between blood loss and thyroid volume (r(s) = 0.953, P = .0001) and blood flow (r(s) = 0.720, P = .0001) and CD-34 expression (r(s) = 0.331, P = .03) and MVD (r(s) = 0.442, P = .003). No correlation was observed between ATD type and thyroid vascularity. In patients with longer treatment duration before operation, thyroid vascularity was significantly lower relative to patients with shorter treatment durations. According to logistic regression analysis, longer treatment duration had a 142-fold decreased rate of intraoperative blood loss independent of ATD type. Preoperative ATD treatment duration may predict intraoperative blood loss during thyroidectomy. Longer treatment duration might be useful in reducing intraoperative bleeding, allowing better visualization and preservation of the nerves and parathyroid glands.

In vitro study of the hypercoagulable state in multiple myeloma patients treated or not with thalidomide

Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for approximately 10% of haematological malignancies. Bone marrow angiogenesis seems to play an important role in the pathophysiology of MM [1,2]. Increased bone marrow microvessel density in patients presenting MM seems to be an important prognostic factor [1–3]. A gradual increase in bone marrow angiogenesis has been demonstrated along the progression of the disease from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to smoldering MM, newly diagnosed and relapsed MM [4].

Effect of Lugol Solution on Thyroid Gland Blood Flow and Microvessel Density in the Patients with Graves’ Disease

Although some endocrine surgeons administer Lugol solution to decrease thyroid gland vascularity, there is still not an agreement on its effectiveness. The aims of this clinical trial are to evaluate thyroid blood flow and microvessel density in patients with Graves' disease who received Lugol solution treatment preoperatively. This was a prospective clinical trial. This clinical trial took place at a tertiary referral center. Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to receive either preoperative treatment with Lugol solution (group 1, n = 17) or no preoperative treatment with Lugol solution (group 2, n = 19). Blood flow through the thyroid arteries of patients with Graves' disease was measured by color flow Doppler ultrasonography. The microvessel density (MVD) was assessed by immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis of the level of expression of CD-34 in thyroid tissue. The weight and blood loss of the thyroid gland were measured in all patients. The mean blood flow, MVD, CD-34 expression, and blood loss in group 1 patients were significantly lower than those in group 2 patients. There was a negative correlation between Lugol solution treatment and blood flow (r(s) = -0.629; P = 0.0001), blood loss (r(s) = -0.621; P = 0.0001), MVD (r(s) = -0.865; P = 0.0001), and CD-34 expression (r(s) = -0.865; P = 0.0001). According to logistic regression analysis, Lugol solution treatment resulted in a 9.33-fold decreased rate of intraoperative blood loss. Preoperative Lugol solution treatment decreased the rate of blood flow, thyroid vascularity, and intraoperative blood loss during thyroidectomy.

Serial changes in bone marrow cellularity, reticulin fibrosis and microvessel density in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase treated with imatinib

6596 Background: Imatinib Mesylate, a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor produces sustained complete hematological response (CHR) in CML patients in chronic phase. There is a paucity of information on the effects of imatinib on the bone marrow (BM) morphology and angiogenesis. We evaluated the sequential changes in these parameters in 22 CML chronic phase patients treated with first line imatinib (400 mg) and compared with 10 controls (non-hematological malignancies). Methods: Trephine BM biopsies were evaluated by means of morphology, morphometry, Gomori’s stain and CD 34 staining. Reticulin fibrosis was graded from grade 1 to grade 4. Microvessel density (MVD) was calculated by counting the microvessels in hot spots (400 ×). Final value was mean of 10 fields. Total vascular area (TVA) was calculated by image analysis and expressed as percentage of the total area. Results: 22 patients were included in the study. Median age was 34 years (range 20–58 years). All patients attained a CHR at a median of 18 days. Major cytogenetic response was seen in 64%, minor response in 27% and no response in 9% of patients. Baseline BM cellularity was increased in all patents as compared to controls. The median cellularity at 6 months and 1 year was decreased to 60% and 50% respectively. The median grade of reticulin fibrosis at baseline was grade 3 as compared to controls (median grade 1). There was a significant decrease in reticulin fibrosis at 6 months and 1 year (median-grade 1, p=0.04). The median MVD at baseline was 8.25 (range 6–26) and was increased as compared to controls (median MVD-3.6). There was a significant decrease in MVD at 6 months and 1 year (median MVD-4.0, p=0.04). Similarly the TVA decreased from 6.2% at baseline to 4.3% at 1 year. These changes correlated with the cytogenetic responses. Two patients who had disease progression during therapy showed reversal in the bone marrow changes. Conclusions: Imatinib Mesylate produces significant effects on bone marrow morphometry and angiogenesis in patients with CML in chronic phase. There is a consistent decrease in bone marrow cellularity, reticulin fibrosis and microvessel density during therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.