Micronutrient Fertilizers Research Articles

The effectiveness of the use of various types of fertilizers and methods of their application in the cultivation of watermelon

Relevance.The Volgograd region has a number of factors necessary for the cultivation of melonsand gourds. The development of new varieties and hybrids of watermelon should involve thedevelopment of varietal agricultural techniques that would allow realizing the genetic potential ofthe variety. Therefore, the development of new methods of cultivation technologies that allowobtaining guaranteed fruit yields without reducing the quality of table watermelon products in thedry-steppe Trans-Volga region is relevant and timely.Material and methodology.The object of research is a watermelon, cultivar Zemlyanin. Newtypes of water-soluble fertilizers – B and Fe chelates, and the Vegetable Akvarin were studied, by using them for soaking seeds before sowing and processing plants during the growing season.Results.The use of chelates B and Fe in the technology of growing watermelon, as well as theAkvarin, is an effective method for obtaining guaranteed yields. The use of water-soluble fertilizers, with various methods of their use, provided an increase in the yield of watermelon by 1.6-8.3t/ha, or by 6.9-35.9% in comparison with the control (option without treatments). The largest fruitswere obtained in variants of chelate B and the Vegetable Akvarin (processing of plants) – 6.8 kg.Comparative analysis of the biochemical composition of the fruits showed that water-solublechelated fertilizers do not have a negative effect on the accumulation of nitrates. Studies haverevealed the positive effect of water-soluble micronutrient fertilizers on improving the quality offruits, which was manifested in the growth of the content of vitamin C and sugars.

Quantification of soil element changes in long-term agriculture: A case study in Northeast China

Anthropogenic measures that are implemented to improve the nutrient status of soil for growing food can lead to soil and environmental contamination. The influence of agricultural measures (cultivation and fertilization) on a cropland soil can be explained and quantified by exploring the variety and distribution of elements (calcium iron, rubidium, titanium, etc) in the soil profile. In this study, a cropland soil subjected to long-term (1948–2019, 72 years) anthropogenic agricultural activity was compared with a natural, undisturbed forest soil. Results showed that the anthropogenic activity affected the correlation of different elements in the cropland soil to different degrees, with the degree of the effects ranked as follows: calcium (Ca) > iron (Fe) = rubidium (Rb) > titanium (Ti) = chromium (Cr) > potassium (K) = zirconium (Zr) = strontium (Sr) > sulfur (S) = nickel (Ni) = scandium (Sc) > manganese (Mn) > vanadium (V) = zinc (Zn) = tungsten (W) > copper (Cu) = lead (Pb) = cobalt (Co). The elements were distributed much more evenly throughout the profile of the natural forest soil than the disturbed cropland soil. Some elements, such as Fe, Ti, V, Pb, Cr, Rb, K, Ca, Mn, Sc, Sr, and Cu, can be absorbed by vegetable growth and participate in the plant physiological cycle, while others, such as K, Rb, Cr, and Ti, may be lost readily as the soil is tilled. Elements such as Pb, Sc, Zn, and Sr, gradually accumulate over time from continuous fertilizer applications. In order to maintain the health of cropland soils, both farmers and policy makers should strive to mitigate elemental pollution by carefully managing applications of micronutrient fertilizers.

The effect of soil salinization and pre-sowing seed treatment with silicon-containing micronutrient fertilizer on barley seedlings

In order to develop ecologically safe technologies to improve the adaptation of plants to different stress conditions, the impact of seed treatment of varieties of two-handed barley Storm and winter barley Valery tested with SCM-H (silicon-containing chelate humic microfertilizer) is investigated on the condition of plants grown in soil with different levels of salinity. The concentrations of the preparation SCM-H with positive effect on the survival and bioproductivity of plants of barley varieties under investigation in the early stages of development and their resistance to the stress of salinization have been shown.

Micronutrient nutrition in sugarcane: a brief review

Sugarcane is a crop of worldwide economic value used in sugar, electricity, and alcohol production. This review demonstrates the importance of the main micronutrients and their respective effects on the development and yield of sugarcane. Micronutrient deficiency is one of the limiting factors in sugarcane productivity in producing regions. This deficit is related to several aspects, such as fertilizer use with low micronutrient levels, increased agricultural productivity, and decreased productivity levels of soil organic matter. Thus, proper fertilization management can circumvent the limiting factors such as the foliar application of boron and soil fertilization of zinc, both resulting in greater stem production. Molybdenum increases biological nitrogen fixation in sugarcane and contributes to the accumulation of N in the plant. Iron and manganese are involved in chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation in sugarcane. In this review, we show the contributions of fertilization with microelements to the development of the sugarcane sector. In this perspective, more research is needed on micronutrient fertilization to increase sugarcane productivity in different soil and climate conditions.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Fe and Mn (hydr)oxides to Be Used as Natural Sorbents and Micronutrient Fertilizers

Fe and Mn (hydr)oxides are widely used as contaminant sorbents in water/wastewater systems but their potential use as micronutrient fertilizers is still poorly known. In this research, four nano-metal (hydr)oxides (amorphous Mn oxide (AMO), Fe-Mn binary oxide (FMBO), two-line ferrihydrite (2L-Fh) and goethite) were successfully synthesized and completely characterized (infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction particle size, specific surface area, point of zero charge). AMO, FMBO and 2L-Fh were introduced to interact with AgNO3 (20.0 µM) and TlNO3 (100.0 µM) diluted solutions for three days to check their potential capability as potential Ag+ and Tl+ adsorbents. AMO and FMBO (4% w/w) were tested as nanofertilizers by arranging a hydroponic bioassay for 35 days on white lupin culture as a Mn-hyperaccumulator plant model. AMO structure was identified as an amorphous mixture of Mn oxides while FMBO was an Fe dopped birnessite. Both materials were efficient in extracting Ag+ and Tl+ although large Mn concentration was released from FMBO to the solutions. AMO and FMBO promoted Fe and Mn nutrition in plants. Synthetic iron chelate (Fe-EDDHA), present in the nutrient dissolution, could be adsorbed onto AMO surface by producing Fe and Mn accumulation in roots and increasing Mn uptake rate without toxicity symptoms. Therefore, AMO and FMBO not only demonstrated their efficiency as adsorbents, but also displayed they would be promising nanomaterials as micronutrient fertilizers.

Influence of mineral fertilizers on the white lupine seeds yield under cultivation in the Central Black Earth region of Russia

The study results on using macro- and micronutrients in the cultivation of white lupine (Lupinusalbus L.) in the soil and climatic conditions of the Central Black Earth region of Russia are presented. Field trials were carried out in 2018-2020 at the Department of Plant Growing, Breeding and Vegetable Growing in Belgorod State Agrarian University. The object of research is a high-intensity variety of white lupine Degas. The subject of research is the Aquamix microfertilizer of two brands – Aquamix-T (for seed treatment) and Aquamix-TV (for foliar dressing), macrofertilizers – potassium sulphate (K2SO4) and potassium monophosphate (KH2PO4). The weather conditions during the years of the experiments were unfavorable for the growth and development of lupine, since during the entire growing season of the plants an increased temperature regime was observed with a deficit of precipitation. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented by typical chernozem with an average content of basic nutrients. The accounting area of the plot is 18 m2, the replication is fourfold, the placement is systematic. The experiment included seven options: 1) control (without fertilizers), 2) seed treatment with Aquamix-T micronutrient fertilizer, 3) seed treatment with Aquamix-T micronutrient fertilizer and foliar fertilization with Aquamix-TV micronutrient fertilizer, 4) seed treatment with Aquamix-Tilist micronutrient fertilizer solution potassium sulphate, 5) seed treatment with microfertilizer Aquamix-Tilist feeding with potassium monophosphate solution, 6) seed treatment with micronutrient Aquamix-Tilist fertilizer with a mixture of Aquamix-TV + potassium sulphate, 7) seed treatment with micronutrient fertilizer Aquamix-Tilist fertilization with potassium monophosphate mixture. Analysis of the data obtained showed that the highest yield of white lupine seeds was obtained on the variants with seed treatment with Aquamix-T micronutrient fertilizer together with foliar dressing with Aquamix-TV micronutrient fertilizer in combination with K2SO4 or KH2PO4 macrofertilizers, which was 3.64 and 3.62 t/ha, respectively, which is 0.64 and 0.62 t/ha or 21.3 and 20.5% above the control variant.

Increasing the resistance of the drug calendula to abiotic environmental factors

Currently, medicinal plant growing is one of the promising areas of activity of agricultural enterprises in the Russian Federation. This area has a high economic potential. The deterioration of the general ecological situation, the instability of weather conditions have a negative impact on the growth and development of medicinal crops, leading to a decrease in plant resistance to stress factors and the inability to fully realize their potential with cultivated varieties. Plant growth regulators are one of the most promising groups of pesticides, the advantages of which are that they are harmless, environmentally friendly and highly effective at low consumption rates of biologically active substances of polyfunctional action. Exogenous use of growth regulators makes it possible to activate physiological and biochemical processes, regulate individual stages of morphogenesis, in order to mobilize the potential of the plant organism, aimed at overcoming unfavorable environmental conditions by plants, increasing their resistance to harmful organisms and ensuring optimal productivity. On the territory of the collection nursery of the Middle Volga branch of the FSBI VILAR in 2018-2020, an experiment was carried out in order to study the effect of growth regulators and micronutrient fertilizers Zircon, Epin-extra, Ferovit and Siliplant, on the resistance of plants to unfavorable growing conditions, increasing the yield of inflorescences and seeds of calendula officinalis. Ferovit turned out to be the best result of application in the raw material areas for three years of research in the prevailing weather conditions. The average yield of raw materials of air-dried inflorescences was 2.10 t / ha, which is 0.45 t / ha more than the control variant. On seed plots, the best indicators were obtained with the use of Siliplant micronutrient fertilizer 1.25 t / ha, which is 0.2 t / ha more than the option without the use of drugs.

The Influence of Macro- and Micronutrient Fertilizers on the Productivity of Meadow Clover in the Conditions of the Upper Volga Region

The research was carried out on the experimental field of the FSBEI of HE “Tver State Agricultural Academy” in 2019 and 2020. It was found that the application of pure microelement fertilizers Aquamix ST and Aquarin 5 allowed obtaining a statistically significant increase in the yield of green mass of meadow clover under favorable agro-climatic conditions on soils poor in microelements. The highest yield was noted on plots with clover treated with pure Aquarin 5 (57.90 t/ha) per cut. The use of Aquarin 5 increases the yield of clover by 22.20–48.80%, and in terms of mineral fertilizers in a full dose of N50P50K50 - by 4.80–24.30%. Small rates of mineral fertilizers N25P25K25 did not have a significant effect on the yield of clover, and an increase to N50 led to a negative result. The economic efficiency of the combined application of chelated and complex fertilizers is lower than the use of physiologically active substances in their pure form on soils poor in microelements.

Present‐Day Patagonian Dust Emissions: Combining Surface Visibility, Mass Flux, and Reanalysis Data

AbstractThe magnitude of the climatic forcing associated with mineral dust aerosols remains uncertain due in part to a lack of observations on dust sources. While modeling and satellite studies provide spatially extensive constraints, they must be supported by surface‐validating dust monitoring. Southern South America is the main dust source to the southern oceans (>45°S), a region of low biological productivity potentially susceptible to increased micronutrient fertilization through dust deposition, as well as one of the main dust sources to Antarctica, implying long‐range transport of dust from Patagonia and potentially affecting snow cover albedo. We present multiyear time series of dust‐related visibility reduction (DRVR) and dust mass flux in Patagonia. We find that local DRVR is partly controlled by long‐term (i.e., months) water deficit, while same‐day conditions play a smaller role, reflective of water retention properties of fine‐grained dust‐emitting soils in low‐moisture conditions. This is supported independently by reanalysis data showing that large‐scale dust outbreaks are usually associated with anomalously high long‐term water deficit. By combining visibility data, surface dust sampling, and particle dispersion modeling, we derive regional dust emission rates. Our results suggest that the inclusion of long‐term soil hydrologic balance parameterizations under low‐moisture conditions may improve the performance of dust emission schemes in Earth system models.

USE OF MICROBIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS AND MICROFERTILIZERS FOR PRE-SEEDING TREATMENT OF FOREST SAKSAUL

The results of studies on the influence of the microbiological preparation Ecobacter and micronutrient fertilizer Nanoplant on the growth and development of seedlings of white (Haloxylon persicum) and black (Haloxylon aphyllum) saxaul are presented.

Influence of recovery treatments on dicamba-injured soybean

AbstractNon-dicamba-resistant soybean yield loss resulting from dicamba off-target injury has become an increasing concern for soybean growers in recent years. After off-target dicamba movement occurs onto sensitive soybean, little information is available on tactics that could be used to mitigate the cosmetic or yield losses that may occur. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in 2017, 2018, and 2019 to determine whether certain recovery treatments of fungicide, plant growth hormone, macro- and micronutrient fertilizer combinations, or weekly irrigation could reduce dicamba injury and/or result in similar yield to soybean that was not injured with dicamba. Simulated drift events of dicamba (5.6 g ae ha−1) were applied to non-dicamba-resistant soybean once they reached the V3 or R2 stages of growth. Recovery treatments were applied approximately 14 d after the simulated drift event. Weekly irrigation was the only recovery treatment that provided appreciable levels of injury reduction or increases in soybean height or yield compared to the dicamba-injured plants. Weekly irrigation following the R2 dicamba injury event resulted in an 1% to 14% increase in soybean yield compared with the dicamba-injured control. All other recovery treatments resulted in soybean yields that were similar to the dicamba-injured control, and similar to or lower than the nontreated control. Results from this study indicate that if soybean have become injured with dicamba, weekly irrigation will help soybean recover some of the yield loss and reduce injury symptoms that resulted from off-target dicamba movement, especially in a year with below average precipitation. However, yield loss will likely not be restored to that of noninjured soybean.

Response of bread wheat and nutrient removal with new micronutrient molecules fertilization

A field experiment entitled effect of newly formulated micronutrient fertilizers on crop performance, economic and nutrients uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was conducted during rabi 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The recommended doses of N, P and K were applied @ 120 N: 60 P2O5: 40 K2O kg/ha in combination with different micronutrients fertilizers of Zn, Mn and B. The pooled data of experiment revealed that the growth and yield attributes including yield were maximum in T11 (RDF+ soil application of Zn HEDP + MnSO4+ Colemanite) while the cost of cultivation was minimum in T12. The study consisting of different combination of micronutrients sources indicated that highest values of growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield (4.25 t/ha), straw yield (5.89 t/ha), net returns (54870 ₹/ha) and B:C ratio (2.12) were recorded with T11 (T1 +soil application of Zn HEDP + MnSO4+ Colemanite) followed by treatment T12 (T1 + foliar application of Zn HEDP + EDTA Mn + DOT). The uptake of zinc, manganese and boron was increased due to their application in combination with NPK either soil or foliar application. All the parameters including economics were minimum under T1. Appropriate combination of zinc, manganese and boron with recommended dose of primary nutrients for wheat crop was beneficial in every parameters including output.

Zinc and copper interactions under variable soil phosphorus and moisture conditions in selected Saskatchewan soils

This study evaluates the influence of phosphorus (P) fertilization (without and with added P fertilizer) and soil moisture (stress and no-stress) on efficacy, fate, and transformation of soil applied micronutrients such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and Cu + Zn in a wheat and pea cropping sequence. Wheat was grown as first crop under controlled environment conditions in which micronutrient fertilizer treatments were applied, whereas pea was grown as following crop with recommended macronutrient fertilizers to understand the residual effects of micronutrient fertilization. The high-P fertilizer application and no-stress moisture condition produced the highest grain and straw yield of wheat. Without P fertilization, there were significant negative effects of a combined application of Cu and Zn on wheat yield in a Dark Gray Chernozem. Yield of the following pea crop did not show response to residual Cu and Zn. Micronutrient fertilization increased the Cu and Zn concentration in wheat and pea grain and straw and resulted in increased after-harvest availability and supply in soils. Apart from the increased concentration in labile fraction, a considerable amount of added Cu and Zn was occluded with organic matter and oxyhydroxide species, respectively. Molecular speciation analyses revealed that carbonate associated was the dominant form of Cu and Zn in the soils. Additional Cu species such as Cu-acetate and methoxide, and Zn species including Zn-sorbed montmorillonite species were identified. Insoluble Cu-phosphate and Zn-phosphate complexes were not identified by speciation analyses and do not appear to be a significant factor controlling Cu and Zn availability in these soils.

Высота растений и устойчивость к полеганию сортов гороха под влиянием хелатных микроудобрений

The use of chelated microfertilizers to increase the level of realization of the genetic potential of peas is promising both in breeding and seed practice, and in the production of marketable products. The purpose of the study was to evaluate leafletless pea varieties on plant height and resistance to lodging under the influence of organomineral fertilizer-stimulating compositions. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the influence of new chelated micronutrient fertilizers brands ORMISS on the characteristics of tendril (leafletless) pea varieties created in the Federal Rostov Scientific Research Agricultural Center, was studied. Methods. The researches were carried out in 2015–2017 in the Azov – Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University in Zernograd. Three pea varieties of the leafless morphotype Aksausku usatyy 5, Al'yans and Ataman were the research material. The experiments and evaluations were carried out according to the method of field experience and the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. The micronutrient fertilizers of ORMISS Cu–B and ORMISS Cu–Mo were used with the dosages 2 l/t and 2 l/ha for the treatment of seeds and plants. Results. The influence of organic fertilizer-stimulating compositions with copper, boron and molybdenum on the technological characteristics of pea varieties, such as the height of the lowest bean, the height of the plants, the stem height and the resistance to lodging, has been studied. It was founded that after these treatments, the indicators increased to different degrees, i.e. the height of the lowest bean varied from 51.2 to 66.1, the height of the plants – from 58.6 to 90.8 and the stem height – from 27.5 to 42.3 cm. The resistance to lodging at the same time was 0.4–0.6. In all variants of the experience the pea varieties were suitable for mechanical cultivation and harvesting.

Application of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Micronutrient Fertilizer in Mulberry Propagation

Application of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Micronutrient Fertilizer in Mulberry Propagation

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF NUTU GROWING

This article provides an economic assessment of the elements of the technology for growing chickpea. The most effective aspects of the cultivation technology are highlighted, which provide the maximum increase in the productivity of chickpea plants and high economic efficiency. Assessing the economic efficiency of growing chickpeas and other agricultural crops in agricultural enterprises, first of all, it is necessary to determine the system of interrelated indicators that will objectively show its level. For this, they are often used both in value and in kind. According to the research results, the indicators of economic and energy efficiency of seed treatment before sowing and foliar dressing in the elements of chickpea cultivation technology, which were the object of study, were determined. The economic efficiency of growing chickpea grain in the Pravoberezhnaya forest-steppe was determined by the following indicators: the cost of production per 1 ha, the cost of 1 ton of grain, costs per 1 ha, net profit per hectare, and the level of profitability. During the calculation, the following research results were used: those that form the selling price – grain yield, yield increase, protein and fat content, and those that make up the cost of production – production costs. According to the exchange prices, the cost of chickpea grain is rather unstable and fluctuates in a wide range – from UAH 10,000 to UAH 30,000 per 1 ton. The cost of production from 1 hectare was set taking into account the price of chickpeas as of 31.12. 2019, which averaged UAH 20,000. When treating seeds before sowing with bioinoculant Rizoline + Rhizosave and two foliar feeding with micronutrient fertilizer, the legume yield of the Pegasus variety was high. net profit at the level of 17,815 rubles / ha with a profitability level of 155%, which is 68% more for control, for the Triumph variety – 15793 UAH / ha and 139%, which is 62% more for control. Considering the structure of costs, we can conclude that the maximum costs were respectively for the following categories of costs: for protective equipment – 21.5%, seeds – 34.9% and fuels and lubricants – 15.3%. Hence, a significant part of the costs falls on other costs, which include deductions for depreciation and repair non-current assets.

Influence of microfertilizers on water consumption ratio and yield of chickpea in the Saratov Trans Volga region

The article shows the influence of the main tillage and mineral fertilizers with microelements on the water consumption coefficient and the yield of chickpea grain in the Saratov Trans-Volga region. On average, over three years in chickpea crops, the highest total water consumption was after subsoil tillage - 1240 m3 / ha, which exceeded the control by 64 m3 / ha. Minimal tillage led to an increase in the water consumption coefficient by 533 m3 / t, or 31%. After subsoil tillage it increased by 372 m3 / t, or 22% relative to conventional tillage. Foliar top dressing with microfertilizers in the chickpea branching phase reduced the water consumption ratio by 88–236 m3 / t, which amounted to 4.3–11.4%. A decrease in the depth of the main processing to 10–12 cm led to a 23.5% decrease in the yield of chickpea. Subsoil tillage reduced the yield by 10.3%. Combined soil cultivation did not provide a significant increase in yield relative to control. Foliar feeding of chickpeas in the branching phase with micronutrient fertilizers increases the yield by 5.1–11.9%.

Влияние макро- и микроудобрений на урожай семян редьки масличной в условиях лесостепи ЦФО России

We studied effect of macro- and micronutrient fertilizers on oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleifera Metzg.) seed yield in fields of the Lipetsk Research Institute of Rapeseed in 2019–2020. The research was conducted in the forest-steppe conditions of the Central Federal district of the Russian Federation. Field experiment variants were as following: control (without fertilizers), (NPK)40, (NPK)80 and N40 in autumn under plowing, (NPK)40 and N40 in spring under before-sowing cultivation, and as a part of the main (NPK)40 application, foliar application with Plantofola (20:20:20), Polydon Amino Start and Polydon Amino Mix. Soil of the experimental field was leached, heavy clay loam chernozem having the distinctive agrochemical characteristics. In general, the weather conditions for the oil radish growing season in 2019 were close to the average long-term norm, and in 2020 the weather conditions were distinguished by a significant lack of precipitation, which affected the formation of oil radish yield. The studies have shown that the effect patterns of the studied macro- and micronutrient fertilizers on oil radish yield in the years of the experiments did not practically differ. On the average in both 2019 and 2020 the yield increase has been noted. The application of nitrogen and complete mineral fertilizers for this crop under plowing in autumn and under before-sowing cultivation in spring significantly increased its yield, which reached the highest values (22.3 quintal per ha) in the experiment with (NPK)80 as the main fertilizer. At the same time, an equivalent oil radish seed yield was formed with less costly agricultural technologies, when with application of (NPK)40, in autumn under plowing foliar application with Plantofola (1.0 l per ha) was conducted in the phases of 5–7 true leaves and budding–beginning of flowering or Polydon Amino Start (1.0 l per ha) was used in the phase of 5–7 true leaves.

Влияние макро- и микроудобрений, их сочетаний на формирование урожайности и качество семян люпина белого в условиях юго-западной части Центрально-Чернозёмного региона

В статье представлены результаты исследований влияния новых форм микроудобрений при их раздельном применении и в сочетании с макроудобрениями на продуктивность и качество семян кормового люпина в условиях юго-западной части ЦЧР, где эта культура возделывается сравнительно недавно. Исследования проводились в 2018–2019 годах в коллекционном питомнике кафедры растениеводства, селекции и овощеводства Белгородского ГАУ в соответствии с общепринятыми методиками проведения опытов с зерновыми бобовыми культурами. В питании растений люпина белого важное место отводится макро- и микроудобрениям, которые способны активизировать метаболические процессы растений и обеспечить высокую продуктивность посева. В связи с этим возникла необходимость изучения их влияния на урожайность и качество семян люпина белого в засушливых условиях региона. Объектом исследований был люпин белый сорт Дега, предшественник — яровая пшеница. Почва опытного участка — чернозём типичный среднемощный тяжелосуглинистого гранулометрического состава. Метеорологические условия вегетационных периодов люпина характеризовались повышенным температурным режимом и недостаточным увлажнением по сравнению со среднемноголетними показателями. Исследования показали, что лучшими являются варианты, в которых применялись листовые подкормки растений в фазу бутонизации, сочетающие микроудобрение «Аквамикс-ТВ» с разными формами макроудобрений: сернокислым калием и монофосфатом калия как в комплексе с обработкой семян микроудобрением «Аквамикс-Т», так и отдельно. В этих вариантах в среднем за годы исследований получена наибольшая урожайность семян в опыте — 3,60, 3,61 и 3,72 т/га, рентабельность — более 140%, условно чистый доход — более 32 000 руб./га, что значительно превышает варианты с предпосевной обработкой семян и раздельным применением удобрений при листовой подкормке. Все варианты обработок изучаемыми макро- и микроудобрениями способствовали увеличению содержания белка в семенах: прибавка по сравнению с контролем варьировалась от 3,42 до 5,88%. This article reports on the effect of new micronutrient fertilizers applied separately or in combination with macronutrient fertilizers on the productivity and quality of lupine seeds. Forage lupine grows in the south-west of the Central Chernozem region. The investigation took place in the nursery of the department of Crop Science, Plant Breeding and Vegetable Production of the Belgorod State Agrarian University in 2018–2019. The experiment was conducted in accordance with standard methods. Macronutrient and micronutrient fertilizers are able to activate plant metabolism increasing crop productivity. Therefore, there effect on seed yield and quality of white lupine is of particular interest specifically under drought. Lupine “Dega” was planted after spring wheat. Soil was typical chernozem with high clay content. Weather conditions were dry compared to annual average parameters. Topdressing by the micronutrient fertilizers “Akvamiks-TV” either with potassium sulfate or potassium monophosphate at budding time had the highest effectiveness regardless of seed treatment with “Akvamiks-T”. These variants showed the highest seed productivity — 3.60, 3.61 and 3.72 t ha-1, payback — over 140%, net income — over 32 000 RUB ha-1, significantly exceeding the variants with seed treatment, topdressing and separate fertilization. Macronutrient and micronutrient fertilizers increased protein content in seeds by 3.42–5.88%.

Influence of growth stimulants and microfertilizers on the productivity of Carthamus tinctorius in the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank

In the course of the research, it was found out that the highest rates of photosynthetic activity of Carthamus tinctorius were noted in the variant where pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator zircon + treatment of crops in the budding phase with siliplant microfertilizer was carried out. In this variant, the leaf area of the best variety Ershovsky 4 was 35.3 thousand m2 / ha, dry aboveground biomass - 7.49 t / ha, photosynthetic potential - 1941 thousand m2 / ha·day; net productivity of photosynthesis - 3.86 g / m2·day. On average for 2018–2020, the highest yield of safflower oilseeds of the Ershovsky 4 variety reached 1.89 t / ha. The highest (1.74 t / ha) average annual yield of safflower oilseeds of Astrakhanskiy 747 variety was also obtained using a similar option. To ensure a consistently high productivity of Carthamus tinctorius agrocenoses in the arid conditions of the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank, it is recommended to expand the cultivation areas of the most adapted variety Ershovsky 4, using pre-sowing seed treatment with a zircon growth stimulator (30 ml / t) and processing crops in the budding phase with siliplant micronutrient fertilization (1 , 0 l / ha).