Microbiological Considerations Research Articles

Microbiological considerations in selecting a drug for endodontic abscesses

Endodontic patients sometimes require antimicrobial therapy, but it is not always possible to select an antibiotic based on unequivocal microbial identification. In this case presentation, the initial antimicrobial therapy was ineffective and the possible reasons for this are discussed. Endodontic infections are often caused by anaerobic organisms and adjunctive therapy is extremely important. Excision of necrotic tissue and drainage are necessary and may be the only treatment required for minor infections.

Goat's milk: legal, disease risk and microbiological considerations.

Goat's milk: legal, disease risk and microbiological considerations.

Microbiological Considerations in Selection and Preparation of Lactobacillus Strains for Use as Dietary Adjuncts1,2

A number of food, feed, and dairy products have been formulated to contain viable cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus (61, 62). The benefit offered during consumption of these dietary adjuncts is a continued supply of L. acidophilus to the gastrointestinal tract. This bacterium is a resident of the small intestine and is believed to help stabilize the gut microflora of both man and animals. Suggested roles of lactobacilli in the intestinal tract and potential benefits of supplying this organism through dietary adjuncts have been discussed (19, 48, 49, 53, 62) and, therefore, will not be dealt with extensively in this review. Since Metchni-koff's (39) original proposal on suppression of putrefying intestinal bacterial by acid-producing lactobacilli, evidence defining intestinal benefits of L. acidophilus has remained sporadic and often inconclusive. A major factor contributing to the difficulty in obtaining this information is the complexity of the gut ecosystem. Furthermore, early development of dietary adjuncts containing L. acidophilus preceded knowledge necessary to prepare the culture in a reliable form (61, 62).

Microbiological Considerations of Polymer Solutions Used in Aqueous Film Coating

Environmental and other pressures are causing pharmaceutical manufacturers to convert earlier developed solvent based film coating procedures to aqueous systems. Factors influencing microbiological proliferation in cellulosic polymer solutions are discussed. Commonly employed water soluble cellulosic polymers have been evaluated for their resistance/susceptibility to microbiological growth. The implications of the findings to the use of such aqueous polymer solutions as pharmaceutical film coatings are discussed

Inoculation of Beef Steaks with Lactobacillus Species Before Vacuum Packaging. I. Microbiological Considerations

Biceps femoris steaks were inoculated with each of four Lactobacillus sp. (atypical streptobacteria and beta bacteria) at a high or low level of cell concentration, vacuum-packaged and stored for up to 35 days at 1–3 C. Total lactobacillus counts of inoculated steaks were numerically higher than those of corresponding control (non-inoculated) steaks at nearly all of the storage intervals tested. Differences in lactobacillus counts between steaks inoculated with a high concentration of Lactobacillus cultures 5, 8 and 642, and those of control steaks usually were significant (P < 0.05) after storage for 0 to 28 days. Differences in lactobacillus counts between steaks inoculated with a low concentration of Lactobacillus cultures and those of control steaks were seldom significant (P < 0.05). After storage for 35 days at 1–3 C, differences in lactobacillus counts of inoculated (high or low levels of inoculum) and control steaks usually were not significant (P > 0.05). The lactobacilli encountered on the inoculated steaks consisted primarily of the type added by inoculation.

Survey for Aflatoxins and Zearalenone in Canned and Frozen Sweet Corn

Aflatoxins and zearalenone were determined in 263 samples of canned or frozen sweet corn, collected from packing plants during the 1976 and 1977 packing seasons. As anticipated from geographic, agronomic, and microbiological considerations, no aflatoxin or zearalenone was found. Based on this sampling, the highest incidence of detectable aflatoxin that could be statistically anticipated in the major packing areas is 1.5%.

Some microbiological considerations applying to the conditioning, ageing and vacuum packaging of lamb

SummaryLaboratory investigations are described in which legs of lamb were conditioned at 18 and 10°C, followed by ageing at 3.3°C under controlled conditions of air movement and relative humidity and stored at 3, 7 and 15°C. It was concluded that the lower conditioning temperature was less likely to give problems associated with rapid microbial multiplication, though no potentially dangerous organisms were detected after conditioning and ageing at either temperature. The shelf‐life of the meat conditioned at 18°C was shorter than at 10°C. In a subsequent investigation cuts of meat from a leg conditioned at 10°C and aged at 3.3°C were vacuum packaged and stored at 1–2 and 7°C for up to 6 weeks. The meat had spoiled in the vacuum‐packages at 7°C after 6 weeks, but not after 3, while spoilage was not detected in the 6 week stored meat at 1–2°C, though faecal streptococci were present in all samples after 3 weeks. Clostridium welchii was found (26 per 100 g) in the 10°C conditioned meat stored at 1–2°C, after 6 weeks. Large numbers of Gram‐negative organisms including psychrotrophic Enterobacteriaceae were found on the meat stored at 7°C.

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. Microbiological, Pharmacological, and Clinical Considerations.

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole. Microbiological, Pharmacological, and Clinical Considerations.

Microbiological considerations in pediatric and adolescent gynecology.

SummaryThe biota of the female reproductive tract reflects the cytologic and physiologic condition of this organ system. The neonate may acquire some of the vaginal infections of its mother during its passage down the birth canal. Lactobacilli, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Candida albicans may be acquired during this period.After the first two or three weeks and for next 8–10 years, a variety of organisms may be found in the vagina, depending upon the degree of maternal care, familial infections, intravaginal foreign objects, and various other factors. With the onset of pubescence and later sexual activity, a greater variety of organisms may be recovered from the vagina, including the classical venereal pathogens, e.g., Neisseria gonorrhea and Trichomonas vaginalis, which may occur in greater prevalence. Gonorrhea and syphilis have shown an increasing prevalence in urban teenagers in recent years.

Some Microbiological Considerations about Carriers on Staphylococal Food-Poisoning

Some Microbiological Considerations about Carriers on Staphylococal Food-Poisoning