Michigan State University Research Articles

Mass Ratio of Single-line Spectroscopic Binaries with Visual Orbits Using Bayesian Inference and Suitable Priors* *Based in part on observations obtained at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope, which is a joint project of the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, e Inovaçãoes (MCTI) da República Federativa do Brasil, the U.S. National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), the University of North Carolina at

We present orbital elements for 22 single-line binaries, nine of them studied for the first time, determined from a joint spectroscopic and astrometric solution. The astrometry is based on interferometric measurements obtained with the HRCam Speckle camera on the SOAR 4.1 m telescope at Cerro Pachon, Chile, supplemented with historical data. The spectroscopic observations were secured using Echelle spectrographs (FEROS, FIDEOS, and HARPS) at La Silla, Chile. A comparison of our orbital elements and systemic velocities with previous studies, including Gaia radial velocities, shows the robustness of our estimations. By adopting suitable priors of the trigonometric parallax and spectral type of the primary component, and using a Bayesian inference methodology developed by our group, we were able to estimate mass ratios for these binaries. Combining the present results with a previous study of other single-line binaries from our team, we present a pseudo mass-to-luminosity relationship based on 23 systems (46 stars) in the mass range 0.6 ≤ M ⊙ ≤ 2.5. We find a reasonable correspondence with a fiducial mass-to-luminosity relationship. We conclude that our methodology does allow us to derive tentative mass ratios for these types of binaries.

Power in University Archives: Imperialism and Disparities in Nigeria and the United States

This article examines the structural disparities between the archives at the University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) and Michigan State University (MSU). While Nigerian archivists work to preserve their institutions’ local content, they must contend with cultural and infrastructural constraints foreign to their American counterparts. To elucidate these differences, this analysis builds upon Stoler’s ‘archival turn’ framework which shifts the gaze on archives to consider them as subjects of inquiry rather than mere sources of data. Reflecting on my own experience working with physical archives at UNN and MSU, along with digital artifacts from these institutions’ websites, I analyze the contents and accessibility of hardcopy and digital collections at both universities. In conclusion, I argue that the ongoing and uneven footprint of imperialism, both socio-cultural and infrastructural, results in an unequal distribution of Trouillot's ‘archival power’ amongst global institutions like UNN and MSU. Additionally, I highlight means by which some Nigerian scholars have contested imperialism to reclaim ownership over their own archival contents and narratives.

Forecast of pain degree of lumbar disc herniation based on back propagation neural network.

To further explore the pathogenic mechanism of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) pain, this study screens important imaging features that are significantly correlated with the pain score of LDH. The features with significant correlation imaging were included into a back propagation (BP) neural network model for training, including Pfirrmann classification, Michigan State University (MSU) regional localization (MSU protrusion size classification and MSU protrusion location classification), sagittal diameter index, sagittal diameter/transverse diameter index, transverse diameter index, and AN angle (angle between nerve root and protrusion). The BP neural network training model results showed that the specificity was 95 ± 2%, sensitivity was 91 ± 2%, and accuracy was 91 ± 2% of the model. The results show that the degree of intraspinal occupation of the intervertebral disc herniation and the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration are related to LDH pain. The innovation of this study is that the BP neural network model constructed in this study shows good performance in the accuracy experiment and receiver operating characteristic experiment, which completes the prediction task of lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging features for the pain degree of LDH for the first time, and provides a basis for subsequent clinical diagnosis.

Estrogen moderation of genetic influences on eating disorder symptoms during gonadarche in girls: Specific effects on binge eating

The heritability of eating disorder (ED) symptoms increases dramatically across gonadarche in girls. Past studies suggest these developmental differences could be due to pubertal activation of estrogen, but findings have been limited to only one ED symptom (i.e., binge eating). The current study examined whether estrogen contributes to gonadarcheal differences in genetic influences on overall levels of ED symptoms as well as key cognitive symptoms (i.e., weight/shape concerns) that are present across all EDs and are early risk factors for eating pathology. Given that binge eating frequently co-occurs with all of these symptoms, analyses also examined whether estrogen effects exist for overall levels of ED symptoms and body weight/shape concerns after accounting for the known effects of estrogen on genetic risk for binge eating. Participants included 964 female twins (ages 8–16) from the Michigan State University Twin Registry. Overall levels of ED symptoms were assessed with the Minnesota Eating Behavior Survey (MEBS) total score. Weight/shape concerns were assessed with a latent factor modeled using subscales from the MEBS and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Estradiol levels were assessed with saliva samples. Twin moderation models were used to examine whether genetic influences on overall levels of ED symptoms and weight/shape concerns differed significantly across estradiol levels. Although initial models suggested modest differences in genetic influences on overall levels of ED symptoms across estradiol levels, these effects were eliminated when binge eating was accounted for in the models. In addition, weight/shape concerns did not show significant moderation of genetic influences by estradiol in models with or without binge eating. Taken together, results are significant in suggesting that individual differences in estradiol levels during gonadarche have a unique and specific impact on genetic risk for binge eating, while other etiologic factors must contribute to increased heritability of cognitive ED symptoms during this key developmental period in girls.

Peacebuilding in Mali through photovoice

ABSTRACT What began in 2004 as a peace education program anchored in the Ciwara community school in the town of Kati just outside the capitol city of Bamako has become a longer-term peacebuilding project now located in camps for internally displaced persons in Mali. This project has been led by students and faculty from the Institut Universitaire pour Technologie of the Université des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Bamako, in partnership with students and faculty in the Residential College in the Arts and Humanities of Michigan State University. Together they have created Cours Collaboratifs Éducation à la Paix whose primary activity thus far has been a peace building project through photovoice. The project in these camps for internally displaced persons is designed to empower Malian university student mentors and their young mentees. Mentors and mentees are assisted by professional Malian photographers, staff from several national and international non-governmental organizations, and Michigan State University students and faculty using a video conferencing software. This essay describes the evolution of the CCÉP photovoice project, some of the ethical and political challenges we have encountered, and its potential for future everyday peacebuilding dialogs.

Communities of Care: The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction

Book Review| June 12 2023 Communities of Care: The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction Communities of Care: The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction. By Talia Schaffer. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2021. xvii + 274 pp. Zarena Aslami Zarena Aslami Zarena Aslami is associate professor in the Department of English at Michigan State University. She is author of The Dream Life of Citizens: Late Victorian Novels and the Fantasy of the State (2012). Her writing has appeared in Novel: A Forum, Victorian Literature and Culture, and Victorian Studies. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Modern Language Quarterly 10574891. https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-10574891 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Zarena Aslami; Communities of Care: The Social Ethics of Victorian Fiction. Modern Language Quarterly 2023; 10574891. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00267929-10574891 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsModern Language Quarterly Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 2023 by University of Washington2023 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Planning for Next Time: The Challenges Faced by a Veterinary Teaching Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic challenged critical services to maintain operations while facing a highly transmissible human pathogen. As public health officials worked to manage the crisis, initial guidelines focused on the continuation of services in the human health care setting. However, through state-mandated stay-at-home orders, the Michigan State University veterinary teaching hospital remained open to provide emergency services to both large and small animal patients. This was accomplished by distilling pertinent safety information from the available human health care guidance to safely maintain operation. Challenges faced when pivoting the delivery of veterinary education from in-person to virtual format were addressed and in-person clinical rotations were resumed as soon as possible. Strategies to effectively communicate information that is both immediately critical and broadly applicable should be considered and planned before they are needed. Infection control and disaster management plans should be revisited often to ensure they include all known risks and potential challenges. Plans to maintain staffing capacity and student safety when faced with an unexpected surge in patients should be laid out with clearly defined metrics on which to act. The lessons we have learned from the pandemic would improve the delivery of care and teaching in a veterinary teaching hospital in both day-to-day circumstances and future emergencies.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict the Risk of Recurrent Lower Extremity Radiating Pain Within 1 Week Following Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Accurately predicting the risk of lower extremity (LE) radiating pain after surgery is an important endeavor for spinal surgeons. Our study aimed to identify risk factors for LE radiating pain after decompression with full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FELD) and develop a nomogram. We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of patients with lumbar disc herniation who underwent FELD. Two hundred thirty-five patients diagnosed at our hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were used for model development. The independent risk factors for LE radiating pain after surgery were determined by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was developed to predict the risk of LE radiating pain based on independent risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive performance. The nomogram was further verified by an independent cohort. Three hundred seventy-five patients were enrolled in this study, with 102 patients in the training cohort reporting LE radiating pain after FELD, while 133 patients did not. In the validation cohort, 57 patients reported LE radiating pain after FELD, while 83 patients did not. The model was established by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The risk factors included a higher Michigan State University classification of herniated discs, increased disease course, increased time of surgery, reduced lateral recess width, and an interlaminar surgical approach, compared to transforaminal approach. The C-indices and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the predictive model demonstrated good discrimination. Good predictive performance and accuracy were also observed in the validation cohort. A novel nomogram for predicting recurrent LE radiating pain within 1week after FELD was established and validated. More aggressive pain management strategies should be considered for patients at high risk of LE radiating pain after surgery, as predicted by this model.

Creating a distribution model of three crayfish species of the genus Faxonius (Decapoda, Cambaridae) in Michigan streams using publicly accessible data

Abstract This research seeks to create a predictive model of habitat suitability for use in determining waterbodies vulnerable to introduced species within the state of Michigan. Three members of the genus Faxonius (Decapoda, Cambaridae) were selected as test taxa for the model due to several species’ propensity for significantly altering the ecosystems they inhabit in Michigan and elsewhere. Michigan State University and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) conducted extensive field surveys of crayfish species assemblages across 461 stream sites from 2014-2016. This project compares these field data to data from publicly available national datasets with the purpose of revealing ecosystems that are vulnerable to population expansion. We identify patterns in Faxonius habitat at local (100 acres) and landscape (1000 acres) scales by associating crayfish occurrences throughout Michigan with variables characterizing landscape conditions thought to be important factors affecting their spread, growth, and survival. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model using variables from Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) and National Land Cover Database (NLCD) successfully identified stream sites and watersheds in Michigan vulnerable to range expansion by Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852), Faxonius propinquus (Girard, 1852), and/or Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870). We found several habitat variables that influence our predictions. The most important variable describing F. rusticus presence was local (100-acre) scale Open Water land cover class, whereas for F. propinquus, the high-intensity developed land cover class at the local scale was the most important, while it was the shrubland land cover class at the local scale for F. virilis. This research demonstrates a powerful method to identify locations using remote sensing data that can be prioritized for conservation efforts that are threatened by invasive crayfish species.

Deep learning-based detection and classification of lumbar disc herniation on magnetic resonance images.

The severity assessment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) on MR images is crucial for selecting suitable surgical candidates. However, the interpretation of MR images is time-consuming and requires repetitive work. This study aims to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based diagnostic model for automated LDH detection and classification on lumbar axial T2-weighted MR images. A total of 1115 patients were analyzed in this retrospective study; both a development dataset (1015 patients, 15 249 images) and an external test dataset (100 patients, 1273 images) were utilized. According to the Michigan State University (MSU) classification criterion, experts labeled all images with consensus, and the final labeled results were regarded as the reference standard. The automated diagnostic model comprised Faster R-CNN and ResNeXt101 as the detection and classification network, respectively. The deep learning-based diagnostic performance was evaluated by calculating mean intersection over union (IoU), accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). High detection consistency was obtained in the internal test dataset (mean IoU = 0.82, precision = 98.4%, sensitivity = 99.4%) and external test dataset (mean IoU = 0.70, precision = 96.3%, sensitivity = 97.8%). Overall accuracy for LDH classification was 87.70% (95% CI: 86.59%-88.86%) and 74.23% (95% CI: 71.83%-76.75%) in the internal and external test datasets, respectively. For internal testing, the proposed model achieved a high agreement in classification (ICC = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.86-0.88, P < 0.001), which was higher than that of external testing (ICC = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.76-0.81, P < 0.001). The AUC for model classification was 0.965 (95% CI: 0.962-0.968) and 0.916 (95% CI: 0.908-0.925) in the internal and external test datasets, respectively. The automated diagnostic model achieved high performance in detecting and classifying LDH and exhibited considerable consistency with experts' classification.

Michigan State University researchers have developed a PLA, compostable at home

Michigan Stat University announces on August 04, 2023, that researchers from Michigan State University's School of Packaging have developed a way to make a promising, sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastics more biodegradable.

Other schools’ recent major infractions offer lessons to help you steer clear of violations

ORLANDO, FLORIDA — Just hearing about another school getting into trouble for a major infraction can make you cringe as you hope your athletics department doesn’t suffer the same fate down the line. You can help your school steer clear of violations by reviewing the lessons learned from recent major infractions, as discussed by a panel of compliance experts at the annual convention for the National Association for Athletics Compliance. Alex Breske, Assistant Athletics Director for Risk Management and Policy at Michigan State University, moderated the panel, which included Christian Dennie, Esq., Partner with Fox Rothschild LLP; Dee Kennedy, Associate Director at the NCAA; Matt Mikrut, Managing Director of the Office of the Committee on Infractions at the NCAA; and Michael Sheridan, Esq., Senior Counsel with Bond, Schoeneck &amp; King, LLP, and a former member of the NCAA enforcement staff. The following excerpt of their discussion was edited for space and clarity.

Developing a successful content strategy with a small team and budget

Leading a small marketing team and budget can be difficult, but with a little creativity, strategy and resourcefulness, you can still see some impressive results. In the summer of 2021, the small marketing team at the Michigan State University College of Nursing created its ‘Neighborhood Nurses' series to spotlight students and alumni practising in their hometowns. Despite occurring during an ongoing, worldwide pandemic, the campaign, which shared why these nurses chose to go back to their hometowns to practise, significantly increased web traffic to the college website, generated nearly a quarter of a million reach on paid social, injected positivity during a trying time for those in the healthcare industry and helped the university's government relations team meet one of its goals. The multi-channel content marketing strategy featured written stories, videos, graphics, photo galleries, webpages and more over the course of a seven-week campaign, which ran through the summer and up until the beginning of the autumn admissions cycle and focused both on the subjects and their hometowns. All of this was done on a budget of roughly US$5,500 and a team of 2.5 marketing-communications employees. This paper analyses the result, which was that the marketing team was able to embark on future campaigns and even saw an increase in marketing budget and team size due to its successes and senior leadership's new, larger goals.

Evaluation of herd and within-herd prevalence of bovine leukemia virus in eastern Kansas beef cattle

The last U.S. national beef BLV herd prevalence study occurred in 1997 by the USDA and found an AGID/ELISA herd prevalence of 36.4% and an individual animal prevalence of 7.73% of ani­mals tested in the northcentral U.S. which included the state of Kansas. Kansas State University and Michigan State University, in a collaborative effort, performed a BLV herd and with-in-herd prevalence study of beef cattle in eastern Kansas in the fall of 2021.

Environmental assessment of asphalt mixtures modified with polymer coated rubber from scrap tires

Polymer coated rubber (PCR) is an engineered crumb rubber developed to address the drawbacks of regular crumb rubber in asphalt mixtures, such as the absorption of asphalt binder and premature cracking. Assessing the use of PCR using life cycle assessment (LCA) is important to evaluate whether its use lowers the environmental impact of asphalt mixtures. In LCA, the choice of allocation procedure significantly impacts the results. The cut-off method is often used in LCA studies of products containing recycled materials. The objectives of this work were to evaluate: i) if asphalt mixtures modified with PCR had lower environmental impact than mixtures modified with synthetic polymers, ii) if using more PCR decreased the environmental impact of the asphalt mixtures, iii) if the results changed by using different allocations methods, and finally, iv) if the environmental impact of asphalt mixtures changed when considering the long-term mechanical performance of the blends. In this work, the global warming potential (GWP), fossil depletion, and cumulative energy demand of one ton of asphalt mixture were calculated using the cut-off method, economic allocation, and system expansion. For the system expansion, the recovery energy in cement kilns from scrap tires was compared to burning petroleum coke or natural gas. The LCA of asphalt mixtures modified with two amounts of PCR (0.5% and 1% by weight of total mixture) compared to the synthetic polymer styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) was performed by including results of the experimental investigation (asphalt mixture design and mechanical testing conducted in the asphalt laboratory at Michigan State University). Results were different based on the allocation method considered. Overall, the GWP of PCR 0.5% and PCR 1% mixtures was lower than the SBS mixture, except in one case. The GWP of PCR 1% was 2% higher than the SBS mix when petroleum coke was used in the system expansion. Adding more PCR did not necessarily increase the environmental benefits. PCR 1% had a higher GWP than PCR 0.5% (2.6%, 2.7%, and 6.3% by using cut-off, economic allocation, and system expansion, respectively), except for the system expansion using natural gas as a replacement, which was 3.7% lower than the PCR 0.5%. However, the system expansion with natural gas had the lowest GWP compared to the other methods. On the contrary, the system expansion considering petroleum coke had the highest CO2eq emissions among all the methods used. The GWP of PCR 0.5% and PCR 1% was similar by using cut-off and economic allocation. As the cement industry transition to low-carbon energy, the carbon footprint associated with using scrap tires in pavements will decrease when using system expansion, while it will remain the same with the cut-off method. Considering the mechanical performance of the mixtures, the GWP for the pavement with 0.5% PCR was 8.04% lower over its service life than the synthetic polymer blend.

The effect of soil degradation on human, animal and plant health

The effect of soil degradation on human, animal and plant health Soil degradation is the biological, physical, chemical, and biological decline of soil quality or health. This phenomenon is problematic because it reduces the capacity of soils to support plant and animal life. Additionally, it reduces the ability of soils to regulate essential ecosystem services such as water regulation and nutrient cycling. Soil degradation has become a global issue and has come about largely due to land conversion from forests and grasslands to intensive agricultural practices. Land conversion depletes soil organic matter values, releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to global climate change and reducing soil fertility and soil health. Dr. Christine Sprunger, soil scientist and ecologist at W.K. Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) and the Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences at Michigan State University, discusses the danger of soil degradation on human and animal life, and what we can do to mitigate it.

Крымские татары (3)

This work is a translation from English of the second part of the scientific work of Alan Fisher, the famous historian, professor at Michigan State University, USA. His work The Crimean Tatars was published in 1978 in the USA. In the second part of the book, the author considers the following issues: 1. Reorganization of Crimea; 2. Catherine II and Islam; 3. Administrative structure; 4. Tatar nobility; 5. Crimean clergy; 6. Tatar emigration; 7. Russian colonization; 8. Russian administration of Crimea in the 19th century; 9. Administrative structure organization; 10. Tatar mirza class; 11. Tatar land ownership; 12. Military service of the Tatars; 13. Cities of the Crimea 14. Tatar peasants. 15. Crimean Tatar national awakening; 16. Destruction of Tatar architecture; 17. Russia and Crimean Islam; 18. Education; 19. Gaspraly (I. Gasprinsky); 20. Gaspraly’s followers; 21. Young Tatars. In general, the second part of the work considers the Russian period of stay of the Crimea.

Frank L. Schmidt (1944-2021).

Frank L. Schmidt was born on a dairy farm outside Louisville, Kentucky, on April 29, 1944, the oldest of six children to Swiss German parents with a grade-school education. At his first faculty job at Michigan State University, he met John (Jack) Hunter, with whom he began a prolific, impactful collaboration that lasted until Hunter's 2002 death. Together, they invented the methods of psychometric meta-analysis. He believed that the goal of science is to establish universal principles. Schmidt and Hunter's pioneering development of validity generalization (VG) methods showed that statistical artifacts were responsible for study-to-study differences in cognitive ability tests' validities. Schmidt's influential articles included research on selection, bias, utility, job performance, employee engagement, smoking cessation, psychopathology, and corporate social responsibility. But psychometric meta-analysis was his most far-reaching contribution. Schmidt coauthored four widely cited and used books on the technique. Meta-analysis transformed hundreds of fields, where it became the bedrock of scientific knowledge. Schmidt received many prestigious awards for his significant contributions. Schmidt was a paradigm-shifting scientist, a father of modern meta-analytic techniques, and an ardent and intellectually honest researcher of individual differences. He leaves behind a legacy that will continue to shape the future of psychology and management, but also more broadly, science in general. He offered an elegant and quantitative way of knowing. His legacy will live in those whose intellects continue to be shaped by the ideas that he introduced. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Making graduate admissions in physics more equitable

Preliminary results from the revamping of Michigan State University’s physics graduate admissions process suggest that the changes have made the procedure fairer for all.

First Report of Tobacco Ringspot Virus Infecting Pawpaw Orchard (Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal) in North America.

Pawpaw (Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal, Annonaceae) is a fruit tree native to eastern North America, increasingly grown for commercial production in the United States (Callaway, 1992; Layne, 1996), Europe, and Western Asia (Brannan and Coyle, 2021; Lolletti et al., 2021). In 2012, virus-like symptoms were noticed in a 0.3 ha pawpaw orchard at Michigan State University Plant Pathology Research Station; ~30% of the trees presented symptoms which included foliar mosaic, vein yellowing, and necrosis, and were first mistaken for nutrient (magnesium/zinc) deficiency. Trees were treated for magnesium/zinc deficiency but continued to decline in fruit yield and overall vigor, and typically died within 3─4years after symptoms were first observed (Fig. S1). Preliminary testing using Agdia ImmunoStrips for cucumber mosaic virus, impatiens necrotic spot virus, tobacco mosaic virus, tomato spotted wilt virus and the genus Potyvirus were negative. However, icosahedral virus particles were observed by TEM (Fig. S2). To establish virus identity, we deep-sequenced tissue from a symptomatic pawpaw obtained from same site in summer 2021. Virus particles were purified , and virion-associated nucleic acids (VANA) were extracted using the Purelink viral RNA/DNA kit (Invitrogen) (Maclot et al., 2021). Both viral RNA and DNA were subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) on the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform (GIGA, University of Liege, Belgium). A total of 574,274 trimmed reads (150 nt read length) were de novo assembled using Geneious Prime 2022.2.2 software (https://www.geneious.com) and subjected to BLASTn analysis. Two contigs of 7511 bp (average coverage: 1048) and 3924 bp (average coverage: 3012) showed 94% and 95% nt identities with tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) RNA1 isolate YW (MT042825) and RNA2 isolate OH19 (MT561435) respectively. These two contigs (Accession no. OP589177 and OP589178) covered the complete TRSV genome for each segment. HTS found no other plant-associated viral / virus-like sequences in this symptomatic pawpaw sample. To further confirm TRSV infection, leaf extract from this sample was tested with RT-PCR using primers specific to the RdRp gene of TRSV RNA1 (Forward, 5'-TAACCTCATTGCAGTTGATCCTT-3'; Reverse, 5'-TAATTCAAGCTCAGGTCTCTTCT-3'; 739 bp amplicon) and the coat protein of TRSV RNA2 (Forward, 5'-TCATGCTTAAAGATGCAGATGTG-3'; Reverse, 5'-TATAAAGCTCCGCACTAGAAAACA-3'; 753 bp amplicon). Sanger sequence analysis showed 99.5% and 99.8% nt identity between the amplicons and the HTS contigs (RNA1 and RNA2 respectively) assembled from the pawpaw sample, and the amplicons likewise matched GenBank TRSV sequences (91.7% and 95.6% nt identities respectively with TRSV RNA1 isolate CmTX-H (MN504766) and TRSV RNA2 isolate IA-1-2017 (MT563079)). We further screened for TRSV infection in leaves from four symptomatic and three non-symptomatic pawpaw trees collected from the same site in 2022. RT-PCR revealed positive infection in all four symptomatic samples and one of the three (33%) non-symptomatic samples. Our results confirm the presence of TRSV infection in symptomatic pawpaw trees and emphasize the importance of also monitoring non-symptomatic trees. We confirmed graft transmission with 100% transmission rate observed in 200 trees grafted from a TRSV-infected pawpaw (Shenandoah cultivar), and investigation of other transmission vectors is on going. Because of TRSV's wide host range (Tolin, 2008), its broad transmission profile in other crops (via nematodes, thrips, seeds, sap inoculation, and grafting) (Hill and Whitham, 2014), and the notable decline observed in infected pawpaws from different cultivars (10-35, NC-1, Overleese, Pennsylvania-Golden, Shenandoah, Sunflower, Wabash), TRSV appears to pose a new threat to pawpaw orchards. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of TRSV infecting pawpaw in North America and the world.