MH Treatment Research Articles

Oklahoma leaders reject settlement on jail MH services

Oklahoma Gov. Kevin Stitt and other state leaders have rejected a legal settlement of a federal lawsuit over long delays in providing mental health treatment to jail detainees found not competent to stand trial, the Oklahoma Voice policy news service reported Oct. 8. State Attorney General Gentner Drummond had pushed for the negotiated settlement, which included a remediation plan that would revamp the state's current system for restoring offender competency and increase the state's number of forensic beds devoted to competency restoration (see “Legal settlement would expedite MH treatment for Oklahoma detainees,” MHW, July 1, 2024; https://doi.org/10.1002/mhw.34099). But Stitt and the commissioner of the state Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Allie Friesen, have characterized the settlement as overly costly and burdensome. Shortly before an Oct. 8 meeting of a review board chaired by Stitt, Friesen announced that she was terminating Drummond as the state's counsel in the case. Friesen indicated with regard to the proposed settlement that she would “resign before signing an agreement like this,” Oklahoma Voice reported. The lawsuit was originally filed in March 2023 in U.S. District Court on behalf of three incarcerated inmates. It alleges that detainees' long waits for needed mental health treatment have caused their conditions to deteriorate, and this violates the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution and the Americans with Disabilities Act.

State district court in New Mexico county launches new pilot program for MH treatment

State district court in New Mexico county launches new pilot program for MH treatment

Legal settlement would expedite MH treatment for Oklahoma detainees

Yearlong negotiations have led to the proposed settlement of a federal lawsuit over long delays in providing mental health treatment to Oklahoma jail detainees who are found incompetent to stand trial. However, opposition from Gov. Kevin Stitt could derail the remediation plan set out in the settlement, which also requires state legislative approval.

Comic Book Series Tells Story of Teen Seeking MH Treatment

Comic Book Series Tells Story of Teen Seeking MH Treatment

Palliative Care and Mental Health among Pancreatic Cancer Patients in the United States: An Examination of Service Utilization and Health Outcomes.

Palliative care (PC) utilization remains low among pancreatic cancer patients. This study explores the association of PC with mental health service and pharmacotherapy utilization among pancreatic cancer patients. Retrospective analysis was conducted on a sample of patients in the United States with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer using Electronic Health Record data from Optum's Integrated Claims-Clinical data set. Subsequent diagnoses of anxiety and depression and PC consultation encounters were determined using ICD-9/10 codes. Adjusted associations of mental health treatments with PC and patient characteristics were quantified using multiple logistic regression. Among newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients (n = 4029), those with PC consultations exhibited a higher prevalence of anxiety (33.9% vs. 22.8%) and depression (36.2% vs. 23.2%). Mental health service use and pharmacotherapy varied, with the highest utilization among patients having both anxiety and depression. Treatment pattern was also influenced by age (aOR 1.832 for age <55 vs. 65-70 years). Notably, PC consultations showed no significant effect on the likelihood of documented treatment. Our study emphasizes underutilization of PC and MH treatment for pancreatic cancer patients. These findings imply a crucial need for further investigation into palliative care's role in addressing mental health concerns among pancreatic cancer patients.

TWO YEARS DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF MACULAR HOLE PATIENTS OPERATED IN DR. KARIADI GENERAL HOSPITAL, SEMARANG

Introduction &amp; ObjectivesMacular hole (MH) is a vitreomacular interface disorder that could cause visual impairment. Clinicalcharacteristics of MH are important for predicting MH treatment outcomes. This study purpose wasto describe MH patients’ characteristics and postoperative outcomes in Dr. Kariadi Hospital.&#x0D; MethodsA retrospective study held on January 2021–December 2022 utilizing patients’ medical records.Preoperative data: sex, age, symptoms, duration of symptoms, origin, preoperative visual acuity(VA), modified Gass classification stage, macular hole index (MHI), and hole forming factor (HFF)were obtained. Postoperative outcomes data: postoperative VA and anatomical closure were alsocollected.&#x0D; Results20(20 eyes) patients were obtained, with 14(70%) female, 12(60%) aged &gt;60 years old, 13(65%)metamorphopsia, 12(60%) central visual loss, 10(50%) preoperative VA 6/24-6/60, 10(50%) durationof symptoms &lt;3 months, and 16(80%) idiopathic origin. OCT (Ocular Coherence Tomography)findings revealed base diameter mean was 780,7 um(+ SD 312). 13 patients (65%) stage 3 of MH,12(60%) MHI &lt;0,5, 12(60%) HFF &gt; 0,9. All patients underwent MH surgery procedures.Postoperative examination showed 10 patients(50%) with VA 6/6-6/20. 11(100%) with preoperativeVA&gt;6/60, 10(100%) with duration of symptoms &lt;3 months, 8(100%) with MHI &gt; 0,5, and 11(100%)with HFF &gt; 0,9 had improved visual acuity and anatomical closure. It also revealed 17(85%) hadanatomical closure.&#x0D; ConclusionThe most common characteristics found in MH patients were female sex, age &gt;60 years old, anddisorder of idiopathic origin. Preoperative VA, duration of symptoms &lt;3 months before surgery, MHI&gt; 0,5, and HFF &gt; 0,9 were positive prognostic factors for better postoperative functional andanatomical outcomes.

Caregivers’ Perception and Attitude towards Child Mental Health in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt

Background: The World Health Organization recognizes the lack of public information about children and adolescents’ mental health (CAMH) disorders as a barrier to seeking help. This study assessed the current knowledge and attitudes of caregivers about CAMH problems in Egypt. Methods: A total of 1937 caregivers attending primary health care centers in Beni Suef, Egypt, were surveyed using the Arabic version of the University of Chicago Behavior Health Questionnaire (UCBHQ). Results: We found a statistical significance of positive attitude towards CAMH in parents’/caregivers’ who were females, relatively young, or had a higher educational degree. Due to the influence of media and negative publicity, caregivers were wary of the adverse effects of psychoactive medications and MH treatment. We also identified participants who had previously attended MH workshops or had a family member with mental illness were skeptical about existing MH services. Cultural background and spirituality were not a barrier to seeking MH care in this study. Conclusion: Findings highlight the need to utilize social media, television ad campaigns, and print fora to raise awareness about stigma, etiology of MH problems, and evidence-based treatments targeting gender and age-specific population.

Precision medicine raised as way to tailor MH treatment

Although medication treatment for some people with mental illness can be very helpful, for many people, it is not, either in terms of its ability to sufficiently improve patients' quality of life, or its long‐term treatment efficacy, suggested the director of the Center for Precision Psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital during a National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) webinar on precision medicine.

Proteome profiling of hippocampus reveals the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia on global cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats

Cerebral ischemia is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Blood reperfusion of ischemic cerebral tissue may cause cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. In this study, a rat model of global cerebral I/R injury was established via Pulsinelli’s four-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and bioinformatics analysis were employed to examine the ipsilateral hippocampus proteome profiles of rats with/without MH (32 °C) treatment after IR injury. Totally 2 122 proteins were identified, among which 153 proteins were significantly changed associated with MH (n = 7 per group, fold change-1.5, p < 0.05). GO annotation of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) revealed that cellular oxidant detoxification, response to zinc ions, aging, oxygen transport, negative regulation of catalytic activity, response to hypoxia, regulation of protein phosphorylation, and cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus were significantly enriched with MH treatment. The KEGG analysis indicated that metabolic pathways, thermogenesis, pathways of neurodegeneration, chemical carcinogenesis—reactive oxygen species, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were significantly enriched with MH treatment. Importantly, changes in 16 DEPs were reversed by MH treatment. Among them, VCAM-1, S100A8, CaMKK2 and MKK7 were verified as potential markers associated with MH neuroprotection by Western blot analysis. This study is one of the first to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MH on the hippocampal proteome of experimental models of cerebral IR injury. These DEPs may be involved in the most fundamental molecular mechanisms of MH neuroprotection, and provide a scientific foundation for further promotion of reparative strategies in cerebral IR injury.

Report offers strategies to advance standardized outpatient MH treatment

A new report based on a gathering of mental health thought leaders in 2022 offers a roadmap for establishing standardized benchmarks to evaluate outpatient mental health services. The report suggests that use of measurement‐based care should not be enforced by government mandate, but perhaps encouraged as a standard of care via provider licensing and accreditation agencies.

Use of Medicare Benefit Scheme mental health services in young people who experienced self-harm and/or suicidal behaviours: Data from the Young Minds Matter survey.

To examine healthcare utilisation patterns in a sample of young people with self-reported experiences of self-harm and/or suicidal behaviours. A national survey examining mental health in a nationally representative sample of young Australians aged 12-17years, linked to routinely collected healthcare and dispensing data. For respondents that self-reported experience of self-harm, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and/or suicide attempt, we assessed attendance at a Medicare Benefits Scheme (MBS) subsidised MH service or non-MH general practitioner (GP) attendance at three time periods: 1) ever, 2) in the 12months prior to completing the survey and 3) after completing the survey until 31 Dec 2015. We also assessed correlates associated with attendance and non-attendance at a MH service. The study included 311 young people. MH services were attended in the 12months before the survey by 38.3% with attempted suicide, 28.7% with a suicidal plan, 28.9% with suicidal ideation and 29.4% with self-harm. MH treatment administered by a GP was the most common MH service (25%); followed treatment by psychologist (15%) and psychiatrist (5%). Attendance at a MH service was observed highest alongside more severe self-reported depression. Potential underutilisation of MBS MH services by young people with self-harm and/or suicidal behaviours.

Augmenting MH treatment can help older adults with TRD

Observing that many people with clinical depression don't respond to medications used to treat the condition, new research — conducted as a two‐step clinical trial — found that adding antidepressant treatment to their current depression medication regimen helped older adult patients with treatment‐resistant depression (TRD) experience greater mood improvements.

Concurrent versus delayed exposure to corticosteroids in equine articular tissues cultured with local anesthetic.

To determine the effect of concurrent versus delayed treatment with corticosteroid on equine articular tissues also treated with local anesthetic in vitro in the presence of inflammatory mediators. Controlled laboratory study. Five geldings, one mare (aged 3-18 years). From each horse, 24 synovial and 12 osteochondral explants were cultured in a 12-well plate (2 wells/group, 2 synovial and 1 osteochondral explant/well, total 216 explants in the study). Explants were stimulated in culture medium with 10μg/ml recombinant equine interleukin-1β and 10μg/ml tumor necrosis factor-α for 48 hours, then randomly assigned to six treatments: unstimulated control, stimulated control, triamcinolone acetonide (TA, 10-6 M), mepivacaine hydrochloride (MH, 4.4mg/ml), MH + TA (concurrent) and MH + TA (delayed). The delayed group was treated with MH and, 6 days later, treated with TA. Every 3 days for 9 days total, medium levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) were quantified via ELISA. Data were analyzed with mixed-effects models with Tukey's multiple comparisons. Stimulation increased medium PGE2 and MMP-13 and had no effect on LDH or GAG. Treatment with MH increased LDH and decreased PGE2 and MMP-13. Treatment with TA decreased PGE2 and MMP-13. There were no differences in cytotoxicity, inflammation or matrix degradation for delayed or concurrent MH and TA treatment groups up to 9 days in culture. The lack of an effect of concurrent versus delayed treatment might indicate that concurrent therapy is acceptable.

The beneficial effects of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. superfine powder on metabolic hypertensive rats via gut-derived LPS/TLR4 pathway inhibition

BackgroundMetabolic hypertension (MH) is characterized by elevated blood pressure accompanied by metabolic abnormalities, with the gut-derived lipopolysaccharide/toll like receptor 4 (LPS/TLR4) pathway an important triggering mechanism. The conventional Chinese plant Polygonatum sibiricum Red. is traditionally used as a medicinal and edible food source. Currently, several studies have examined its anti-obesity and anti-diabetic actions, with potential roles for MH treatment; however, specific P. sibiricum Red. roles in MH and associated mechanisms remain unclear. ObjectivesOur purpose was to identify the effects and mechanisms of P. sibiricum Red. superfine powder (PSP) in a MH rat model triggered by high sugar and high fat compounds in an excessive alcohol diet (ACHSFDs). MethodsA MH rat model was induced by ACHSFDs, and PSP was administered daily at 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg doses, respectively. Firstly, the effects of PSP on MH were assessed using blood pressure, serum lipid, and lipid deposition assays in the liver. Changes in intestinal flora were detected by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, while metabolite short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and LPS levels were quantified by gas chromatography (GC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to evaluate histopathological changes in the rat colon. d-lactic acid (d-LA) levels and tight junction proteins (TJPs) expression were also measured to assess intestinal barrier function. Also, aortic endothelial microstructures, serum endothelin 1 (ET-1), and nitric oxide (NO) levels were investigated to determine vascular endothelial function. Finally, the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in the aorta and gut was evaluated by western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). ResultsBlood pressure and blood lipid metabolism disorders induced by ACHSFDs in MH rats were improved by PSP administration. Intestinal flora analyses revealed decreased SCFAs and LPS levels following PSP administration, which was accompanied by increased Streptococcus species levels and decreased Desulfobacter and Desulfovibrio species levels. PSP increased SCFAs levels, and the expression of SCFAs receptors GPCR41 and GPCR43 in the colon. Meanwhile, the expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) such as Claudin-1, occludin were upregulated in the ileum and colon, while TLR4 and MyD88 were downregulated, thereby strengthening intestinal barrier integrity and reducing serum LPS levels. Additionally, PSP treatment improved vascular endothelial function by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 pathway in vessels, improving vascular endothelial cell shedding, and regulating the NO and ET-1 balance. ConclusionsWe demonstrated the beneficial effects and potential mechanisms of PSP in our MH rat model. Based on gut microbiota structure modulation and intestinal barrier improvements, PSP inhibited LPS-induced vascular TLR4/MyD88 signaling activation to improve vascular endothelial function, which in turn reduced blood pressure. Our study provides valuable insights on PSP therapy for MH.

The First National Remote Emergency System for Malignant Hyperthermia (MH-NRES) in China: Protocol for the Design, Development, and Evaluation of a WeChat Applet.

BackgroundMalignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare life-threatening anesthetic emergency. With respect to the high fatality rate, difficulty in early recognition, and the lack of disease-specific drug (ie, dantrolene) in China, more effort is needed to strengthen early diagnosis and effective treatment of MH emergencies. Nowadays, mobile health (mHealth) apps are changing the way of medical practice; they can serve as an accessible tool to help anesthesiologists deal with MH crises. However, no related mHealth-based emergency system is available currently.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to outline the protocol for the development of a WeChat applet used to design a National Remote Emergency System for Malignant Hyperthermia (MH-NRES) in China, as well as the protocol for the evaluation of the user experience and perception of the system.MethodsThe system adopts the client-server architecture, with a custom user interface operating as clients and the back-end system operating as the server. The client-side software was developed using uni-app technology with Vue.js-based framework, which consists of 6 modules: Quick Diagnosis, Dantrolene Mobilization, Instruction on Dantrolene Use, MH Treatment, Recovery Period Treatment, and DNA Test and Biopsy. The back-end system was developed based on the Spring framework. The system will be evaluated by administrating a modified user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale. Pilot testing will be conducted in Sichuan Province, China, and a subsequent evaluation on a national scale is planned.ResultsThe theoretical framework design of this system was completed in August 2021. The development of the system was completed in February 2022, and the refinement is currently ongoing. Pilot testing after the implementation of the system in Sichuan Province is planned to take 2 months, and the subsequent evaluation on a national scale is planned to take 2 months.ConclusionsWe have described a novel approach using the WeChat applet to develop the MH-NRES. Findings from the usability testing process in the current study may lead to refinements and is expected to suggest that this system is both feasible and welcomed by anesthesiologists. Depending on the availability of research funding, this system will be extended nationally across China.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/37084

Synergistic antibacterial effect and mechanism of high hydrostatic pressure and mannosylerythritol Lipid-A on Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes is an important food-borne pathogen that can cause fatal listeriosis. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) in combination with antimicrobial agent is a potential antibacterial strategy for controlling L. monocytogenes in the food industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect and the underlying mechanisms of HHP alone and HHP in combination with Mannosylerythritol Lipid-A (MEL-A), an antimicrobial biosurfatant, on L. monocytogenes . The results of antibacterial rate and morphological changes showed that a combined HHP (100, 200, 300 MPa) and MEL-A (16 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL) treatment had a synergistic bactericidal effect on L. monocytogenes . The synergistic treatment caused severe damage to the cell membrane structure of L. monocytogenes . To further explore the antibacterial mechanism of the synergistic treatment of HHP and MEL-A on L. monocytogenes , genome-wide transcriptome analysis was carried out and identified 1392 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Enrichment analysis of the DEGs showed that HHP induced significant down-expression of membrane-related genes and up-regulation of ribosome-related pathways (50 S and 30 S ribosomal proteins). Interestingly, ribosome was also the most significantly enriched pathway in the synergistic treatment group. Moreover, compared to HHP treatment alone, synergistic treatment also affected pathways related to the PTS system. In addition, the good safety performance in vivo and in vitro indicates that MEL-A could be potentially used as a potential additive for controlling L. monocytogenes in the food industry. This study reveals the synergistic bactericidal effect and mechanisms of a combined HHP and MEL-A treatment against L. monocytogenes , which may provide potential strategies for prevention and control of food-borne pathogens. • High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and mannosylerythritol lipids-A (MEL-A) exhibited synergistic bactericidal effect. • Severe damage in cell membrane structure were observed by SEM and TEM. • Ribosome related pathways were significantly enhanced in both HHP and MH treatment groups. • In vitro and in vivo safety assessment experiments revealed the safety of MEL-A.

Evaluation of microwave aging impact on asphalt mixtures

The beneficial effects of applying microwave energy in asphalt pavements maintenance are receiving increasing attention recently, while its aging impact remains less explored. This study aims to investigate the microwave aging impact on asphalt binders. Different microwave heating cycles are applied on steel slag asphalt mixtures, and the aging effect on extracted asphalt binders, including the physical, rheological properties and infrared spectra, are evaluated with penetration and softening point tests, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results indicate that the aging issue occurs on asphalt binder after the application of MH treatment. A relatively apparent deterioration can be observed in the physical and rheological properties during the first 10 MH cycles, and minor changes can be further detected during the later cycles. In addition, the microwave radiation also exerts changes in asphalt components, i.e. sulfoxide groups, while the changes in carbonyl groups are not significant.

Psychedelic therapies continue to be seen as big trend in MH treatment

Research is revealing that psychedelics are showing promise as mental health treatment for depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Psychedelic therapies continue to be studied in clinical trials around the country.

New Hampshire crisis units offer new tool in MH treatment

As of this month, there's a new option that mental health advocates in New Hampshire have been asking for for at least a decade: a 24/7 phone line answered by trained mental health staff and, for those who need more, a mobile crisis response team that goes to them. The hope is that a quicker response to the community will spare people emergency room waits and provide them the appropriate level of care, which can often be immediate stabilization and a next‐day appointment with a counselor. Staff from the New Hampshire Department of HHS have said they expect call center staff will resolve 80 % of cases without dispatching a crisis response team. The Rapid Response Access Point, more commonly referred to as mobile crisis response, began Jan. 1 with surprisingly little publicity by the state or the company contracted to run it. In fact, community mental health centers said their two biggest challenges are hiring enough staff and making sure the public knows how to access the new service. Run by Beacon Health Options of Boston, the 24‐hour phone and text line — 1‐833‐710‐6477 — will be staffed by master's‐level clinicians, intake workers and peer support specialists who have lived experience with mental health or substance use disorders, according to its $9.2 million contract with the state. The phone and text line will be replaced with 988, the new national suicide prevention hotline, when it goes live in July. Now, all 10 of the state's community mental health centers will have a crisis response team thanks to a $52.4 million state contract.

Effects of replacing soybean meal protein with cottonseed protein concentrate on the growth condition and intestinal health of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus )

With the development of processing technology, cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC) has been widely used as a new protein source to replace fish meal in aquaculture. But whether CPC can replace soybean meal still needs investigation. A ten-week experiment was designed to evaluate the impact of replacing soybean meal (SBM) protein with CPC at different levels (CPC0 [0%], CPC15 [15%], CPC30 [30%], CPC45 [45%], CPC75 [75%] and CPC100 [100%]) on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The results showed that 45% or higher CPC substitution significantly retarded the growth performance. Increased intestinal permeability was found in the CPC75 and CPC100 treatments. To investigate whether the residual gossypol is account for the intestinal dysfunction, an 8-week feeding trial including a control diet (CON), a control diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg gossypol (ML) and 300 mg/kg gossypol (MH) treatments, was conducted. The results showed that the transepithelial resistance (TER) was significantly decreased in MH treatment. In conclusion, the replacement of 30% SBM protein by CPC can be used for Nile tilapia's dietary needs, while 45% or higher CPC substitution of SBM influenced the intestinal health and growth condition of Nile tilapia.