Mexico Research Articles

Transformation of New Spain into the Mexican Republic - Stormy Passage: Mexico from Colony to Republic, 1750–1850. By Eric Van Young. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2022. Pp. 358. $39.00 cloth; $37.00 e-book.

Transformation of New Spain into the Mexican Republic - Stormy Passage: Mexico from Colony to Republic, 1750–1850. By Eric Van Young. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2022. Pp. 358. 37.00 e-book. - Volume 80 Issue 2

Rewriting the Chicano Movement: New Histories of Mexican American Activism in the Civil Rights Era ed. by Mario T. García and Ellen McCracken

Reviewed by: Rewriting the Chicano Movement: New Histories of Mexican American Activism in the Civil Rights Era ed. by Mario T. García and Ellen McCracken Samantha M. Rodríguez Rewriting the Chicano Movement: New Histories of Mexican American Activism in the Civil Rights Era. Edited by Mario T. García and Ellen McCracken. (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2021. Pp. 288. Illustrations, notes, index.) Emerging scholars have reevaluated the Chicana/o movement by grappling with its multidimensionality. Broadening its scope and scale, with a particular focus on obscured actors and elements, Rewriting the Chicano Movement contributes to the conversations brought forth by recent works such as Maylei Blackwell, María Cotera, and Dionne Espinoza's Chicana Movidas: New Narratives of Activism and Feminism in the Movement Era (University of Texas Press, 2018) and Mario T. García's The Chicano Movement: Perspectives from the Twenty-First Century (Routledge, 2014). This anthology foregrounds how murals served as social statements and shaped movement ideology; the value of testimonios (testimonies) in illuminating New Mexico activism and female leadership in educational reform; how fostering cultural memory, a sense of belonging, and potent symbols are just as valuable as political victories; and the ways public art spoke back against racist tropes targeting Chicanas/os in cinema and television. The articles on Texas further reveal the movement's multiple layers. Mario T. García extends his generational framework to highlight how the 1936 El Paso school strike was a forerunner to the educational blowouts in Texas and California in the 1960s and 1970s. The strike at San Jacinto School is notable for the use of direct action at a time when the League [End Page 596] of Latin American Citizens (LULAC) leveraged court rulings to combat injustices. As García notes, the student walkout refuted the idea that Mexican Americans were passive and inferior. As with the later blowouts, both Chicana/o students and their parents fought to get demands met. This multigenerational approach raises questions about the permeability of activist epochs. Generational cross-fertilization is also reflected in Tiffany Jazmin González's piece on Chicanas in the Texas political arena. Seasoned fighters such as Martha Cotera and Virginia Muzqúiz worked alongside younger activists such as María Elena Martínez and Irma Mireles not only to bolster the La Raza Unida Party (LRUP), but also to demonstrate the importance of the Latina/o vote. González charts Chicanas' interventions in both the Texas and National Women's Political Caucuses (TWPC, NWPC), and the corresponding political capital generated in the Mexican American Business and Professional Women's Association. Contentious fights over representation in TWPC and NWPC ultimately did not deter Chicanas; rather, they galvanized women such as Irma Rangel and María Cárdenas to break down gender and racial barriers in higher education as well as in local and state government. As González rightly points out, Chicanas laid the groundwork for effective Latina political organizing. Chicana involvement in LRUP was central to honing the skills and the political pressure necessary to maneuver the electoral arena. Without such third parties, how limited are Latinas in continuing this political legacy? The other work on the Texas Chicana/o movement in this collection addresses the multiethnic nature of resistance. Jesús Jesse Esparza analyzes the Chicana/o Moratorium in Houston to demonstrate motivations for resistance and to illuminate the strengths and limitations of coalitionbuilding. For many Chicano/a and African American youth, the military draft was a racist and classist system facilitated by the lack of college opportunities and the denial of deferment applications. As Esparza notes, excessive war casualty rates shared among Chicanos and African Americans allowed the two groups to come together and form alliances with White anti-war activists. Under the umbrella of the Houston chapter of the National Chicano Moratorium Committee, the Mexican American Youth Organization and the Brown Berets played a key role in facilitating massive protests, which included African Americans and Whites, in Chicana/o neighborhoods. Aligned with other groups, Chicanas/os were able to amplify their demands and raise consciousness. However, Esparza reveals that the Houston Chicana/o Moratorium waned as the Students for a Democratic Society...

Why was Gaceta Médica de México founded?

Why was Gaceta Médica de México founded?

Authorship acknowledgement in a symposium published in Gaceta Médica de México

Authorship acknowledgement in a symposium published in Gaceta Médica de México

Mexico City, cradle of the first radiologic study in the Mexican Republic

Mexico City, cradle of the first radiologic study in the Mexican Republic

Temporal oceanographic variation using satellite imagery data in the central Mexican Pacific convergence zone

The oceanographic variation of the central Mexican Pacific (CMP) is mainly driven by the California Current and the Mexican Coastal Current, which generate a convergence zone. Little information is available regarding changes in oceanographic variables at the mesoscale level in the CMP. Therefore, this study characterized 6 oceanographic variables (sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration [Chl], primary productivity [PP], diffuse attenuation coefficient [K490], and particulate inorganic/organic carbon concentration [PIC, POC]) in the CMP from 2010 to 2017 and their relationships with El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The variables were standardized to monthly pixel values of 0.08 latitude degrees, and the study area covered 48,846.48 km2. Friedman tests were used to compare the temporal variation in the variables, while Spearman correlations were used to evaluate the relationship between each variable and the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI). A cross-correlation analysis was performed to determine the temporal lag between the oceanographic variables and the MEI. The cyclicity of the variation in the CMP was determined by spectral analysis. All variables showed significant differences between months and years. Two seasons defined by temperature were also detected: a cold season (December–June), in which high values of these variables were observed, and a warm season (July–November), in which low values of these variables were observed. No variables were correlated with the MEI; however, a 4-month time lag was identified between the variables and the MEI. The cyclicity of the variables corresponded to the cold and warm seasons. The cold phase of ENSO increased the values of PP, Chl, and K490 up to 4 times compared to those of other years. Taken together, the observed variation in oceanographic conditions makes the CMP one of the most dynamic coastal regions of the Mexican Pacific.

Thrombophilia in Mexico

Thrombophilia in Mexico

Dr. Manuel Justo Domínguez Quintanar, founder of rational childcare and creator of technical pediatrics in Mexico

Dr. Manuel Justo Domínguez Quintanar, founder of rational childcare and creator of technical pediatrics in Mexico

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА МОДЕЛЬ ПЛАТЕЖІВ ЗА ЕКОСИСТЕМНІ БЛАГА: НАУКОВИЙ ПОШУК НОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ КОМПЕНСАЦІЇ У ПОВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД

Уперше репрезентовано концепт платежів за екосистемні блага як загальнонаукову модель, що відображає процес економічного форматування в грошові еквіваленти цінності продуктів (товарів, ресурсів) і послуг, які генеруються екосистемними активами, утворюючи їх дохідний внесок у людський добробут. Зокрема, послідовно висвітлено теоретико-методологічні засади формування концепту платежів за екосистемні блага; розкрито змістовне наповнення цих платежів як цілісного структурно-функціонального комплексу новітніх монетарних інструментів механізму екологічної компенсації, нині сформованого в зарубіжних практиках фінансування природовідтворювальних заходів. Показано, що основними інструментами (елементами) платежів за екосистемні блага є: прямі платежі (виплати) за надання, споживання, користування екосистемними функціями, продуктами (товарами, ресурсами) і послугами, що генеруються екосистемами; виплати за пріоритетне надання (заміщення) певних видів екосистемних благ; субсидії для підтримання продуктивного стану екосистем їх власниками («продавцями»), у тому числі через спеціально створені накопичувальні фінансові фонди; пільгове оподаткування природоохоронних і природовідновлювальних заходів власників («продавців») благ, що генеруються належними їм територіальними екосистемами; компенсаційні виплати за відшкодування збитків від детеріорації стану, якості екосистем і продукування ними екосистемних благ. Наведено приклад реалізації платежів за надання екосистемних послуг з регулювання клімату типу PES/REDD у рамках пілотного проєкту в Сполучених Штатах Мексики, який переконливо демонструє, що саме в такий спосіб –– через запровадження цих інструментів механізму екологічної компенсації –– досягається узгодження конфліктів інтересів між різними групами стейкхолдерів щодо постачання, споживання і користування екосистемними благами, що сприяє подальшому спрямуванню їх інтересів на попередження втрати послуг екосистем, якісного стану довкілля. Показано еколого-економічну значущість розроблення концептуальної моделі платежів за екосистемні блага; доведено нагальність опрацювання й започаткування організаційних заходів вищого управлінського рівня щодо запровадження цього інструментарію механізму екологічної компенсації в українську інституціонально-регуляторну базу природокористування в повоєнному періоді.

Seabed morphodynamics of a coastal lagoon of the Gulf of California

A two-dimensional, vertically integrated, non-linear numerical model was applied to investigate the Urias coastal lagoon’s (URCOL) tide-driven currents, bed load sediment transport, and seabed morphodynamics. The coastal body of water, located on the eastern side of the Gulf of California, includes the Mazatlán harbour, the most important port on the Pacific Mexican coast due to the relevant activities like the heavy vessel traffic. URCOL also includes an extensive aquaculture infrastructure at the lagoon head. The tidal hydrodynamic modelling revealed the mixed character of tides predominantly semidiurnal in the lagoon. The numerical computation at the harbour entrance showed an ebb-dominant tidal distortion. The distribution patterns of the erosion and accretion rates are consistent with the convergent and divergent character of the vectors of sediment transport rates. The sediment accretion has been predicted mainly in the middle part of the channel, right where the channel starts curving, changing the alignment of the lagoon. The tidal hydrodynamics, sharp topographic gradient, and geometric features of the lagoon seem to determine the location of accretion and erosion areas.

Socioeconomic Level and the Relationship in Glycemic Behavior in the Mexican Population. A Nutritional Alternative Focused on Vulnerable Populations.

In this study, numerical approximations were generated to analyze the behavior of glycemic variations in the non-diabetic population of the Mexican republic. The main objective of this work is to obtain an overview of the glycemic variations in the non-diabetic population from different socioeconomic statuses in Mexico (Medium-high, medium, and low). Thus, evaluating the effect on the glucose level under a healthy diet considering the socioeconomic capabilities of the population. Through the national health and nutrition survey of Mexico 2020 and the Mexican food base, 1420 virtual patients were proposed (522 low status, 485 medium status and 413 Medium-High status) focused on simulating the glycemic behavior in each of the survey participants. Considering that the average food expenditure of the Mexican population is $107.00 MXN, and the cost of a healthy diet is $66.50 MXN, the economic sustainability of the Mexican population to adopt a healthy diet is revealed. The particularity of this work is focused on obtaining diverse data that are difficult to access in the development of population analyses. Such is the case of the approach proposed for different socioeconomic statuses. In this way, the proposed methodology provides a framework for complementary research contributions to the subject.

Review: Feminista Frequencies: Community Building through Radio in the Yakima Valley, by Monica De La Torre

Review: <i>Feminista Frequencies: Community Building through Radio in the Yakima Valley</i>, by Monica De La Torre

Rewriting the Chicano Movement: New Histories of Mexican American Activism in the Civil Rights Era

Rewriting the Chicano Movement: New Histories of Mexican American Activism in the Civil Rights Era

Random Forest Classification of Multitemporal Landsat 8 Spectral Data and Phenology Metrics for Land Cover Mapping in the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts

Geospatial data and tools evolve as new technologies are developed and landscape change occurs over time. As a result, these data may become outdated and inadequate for supporting critical habitat-related work across the international boundary in the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts Bird Conservation Region (BCR 33) due to the area’s complex vegetation communities and the discontinuity in data availability across the United States (US) and Mexico (MX) border. This research aimed to produce the first 30 m continuous land cover map of BCR 33 by prototyping new methods for desert vegetation classification using the Random Forest (RF) machine learning (ML) method. The developed RF classification model utilized multitemporal Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager spectral and vegetation index data from the period of 2013–2020, and phenology metrics tailored to capture the unique growing seasons of desert vegetation. Our RF model achieved an overall classification F-score of 0.80 and an overall accuracy of 91.68%. Our results portrayed the vegetation cover at a much finer resolution than existing land cover maps from the US and MX portions of the study area, allowing for the separation and identification of smaller habitat pockets, including riparian communities, which are critically important for desert wildlife and are often misclassified or nonexistent in current maps. This early prototyping effort serves as a proof of concept for the ML and data fusion methods that will be used to generate the final high-resolution land cover map of the entire BCR 33 region.

Chicanx Counterstories: Legal Narrative in Oscar Zeta Acosta’sThe Revolt of the Cockroach People

AbstractOscar Zeta Acosta’s The Revolt of the Cockroach People (1973) offers a fictional dramatization of two of the Chicano Movement’s most defining historical moments: the LA student walkouts and the death of Ruben Salazar, a Chicano journalist. This essay analyzes how Acosta’s narrator and stand-in, Buffalo Zeta Brown, contests the criminalizing legal narratives about Chicanxs produced by courts in the aftermath of both events. As Brown navigates the legal networks that criminalize Chicanxs, he builds a narrative infrastructure that shapes counterstories of the community that are later dismantled when the courts attempt to violently neutralize the Chicano Movement’s early legal victories following the death of Roland Zanzibar, a stand-in for Salazar. The essay argues, analyzing Brown’s attempts to tell stories about Chicanxs in the courts and a candidate for public office, that the state insists on authoring the preconditions of Chicanx democratic participation in ways that betray the experiences of the protesters who inspire Acosta’s militants. Acosta illustrates how democratic participation only comes at the expense of authorship and underscores how, when democracy is in crisis, the novel serves as a flexible outlet for counterstories never authorized as fact by institutions charged with safeguarding the state’s monopoly on legal narrative.When the story [Brown] seeks to tell about Chicanxs conflicts with the stock narratives that the courts and their auxiliary bodies favor, authorship is revealed to be the cost of democratic participation.

Local Community Initiatives in Education for Sustainable Development: Mexican Experience

The article shows the importance of local community initiatives in education for sustainable development in the United Mexican States. Mexico hosts a rich biodiversity but at the same time there exists a number of serious threats to its conservation (low income, poaching etc). A number of examples is given to demonstrate the role of local communities in strengthening sustainability of natural ecosystems along with social (raising quality of education) and economic effects (intensification of eco-tourism, revitalization of traditional crafts and agricultural practices) which overall aligns with the principles of sustainable development. The cases discussed are projects that have both conservation and education components: maintaining a population of American crocodiles (the town of La Manzanilla, Jalisco), community cooperation around the “Cave of the Hanging Snakes” (Kantemo, Quintana Roo). Another characteristic of those projects is the attention to study and popularization of traditional sustainable practices: meliponary, milpa (combined cultivation of corn, beans, and pumpkins), preservation of agricultural biodiversity and other. The article also presents the authors’ project to develop an international school in the immediate vicinity of Tamarindo private nature reserve where education for sustainable development will be one of the key features of the curriculum. The research is based on a comparative pedagogical approach that allows to analyze the tendencies in development of educational practices in specific countries, identify general trends and national contexts with reference to social and economic factors, as well as to identify the limitations of “transplanting” of foreign practices into the national ground.

Liberalismo e independencia en la era de las revoluciones: México y el mundo hispánico

Liberalismo e independencia en la era de las revoluciones: México y el mundo hispánico

Review: Mexican Americans with Moxie: A Transgenerational History of El Movimiento Chicano in Ventura County, California, 1945–1975, by Frank P. Barajas

Book Review| February 01 2023 Review: Mexican Americans with Moxie: A Transgenerational History of El Movimiento Chicano in Ventura County, California, 1945–1975, by Frank P. Barajas Frank P. Barajas. Mexican Americans with Moxie: A Transgenerational History of El Movimiento Chicano in Ventura County, California, 1945–1975. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2021. 288 pp. Photographs, illustrations, and map. Hardcover $60.00. Tomás F. Summers Sandoval, Jr. Tomás F. Summers Sandoval, Jr. TOMÁS F. SUMMERS SANDOVAL JR. is an associate professor of history and Chicanx-Latinx studies at Pomona College. He is the author of Latinos at the Golden Gate: Creating Community and Identity in San Francisco (2013) and is currently president of the Oral History Association. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar California History (2023) 100 (1): 109–111. https://doi.org/10.1525/ch.2023.100.1.109 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Tomás F. Summers Sandoval; Review: Mexican Americans with Moxie: A Transgenerational History of El Movimiento Chicano in Ventura County, California, 1945–1975, by Frank P. Barajas. California History 1 February 2023; 100 (1): 109–111. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/ch.2023.100.1.109 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCalifornia History Search How did a multigenerational population of ethnic Mexicans in Ventura County express a collective politics in the mid-twentieth century? This question lies at the heart of the new book by Frank P. Barajas (California State University, Channel Islands), a thorough local history of the Chicano movement that also makes significant interventions in the broader historical understanding of the era. In Mexican Americans with Moxie: A Transgenerational History of El Movimiento Chicano in Ventura County, California, 1945–1975, Barajas outlines the postwar political efforts of Mexican Americans in the region, from movements “with increased fervor for an equal education” to those “in defense of a largely migrant-Mexicanist population of workers” (82, 139). The ethnic Mexican population at the center of the story was more variegated than homogeneous. While they built from a common ground, sharing a “farmworker provenance” and a sense of purpose and action, differences of generation, nativity, and even... You do not currently have access to this content.

Current Insights into Diagnosis, Prevention Strategies, Treatment, Therapeutic Targets, and Challenges of Monkeypox (Mpox) Infections in Human Populations.

In the wake of the emergence and worldwide respread of a viral infection called Monkeypox (Mpox), there is a serious threat to the health and safety of the global population. This viral infection was endemic to the western and central parts of Africa, but has recently spread out of this endemic area to various countries, including the United Kingdom (UK), Portugal, Spain, the United States of America (USA), Canada, Sweden, Belgium, Italy, Australia, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Israel, and Mexico. This is a timely review focusing on recent findings and developments in the epidemiology, clinical features, therapeutic targets, diagnosis, prevention mechanisms, research challenges and possible treatment for Mpox. To date (29 November 2022), there have been around 81,225 reported cases of Mpox. In most cases, this illness is mild; however, there is a fatality rate ranging from 1 to 10%, which might be increased due to associated complications and/or secondary infections. There is a real challenge in the diagnosis of Mpox, since its symptoms are very similar to those of other infections, including smallpox and chickenpox. Generally, to prevent/limit the risk and transmission of Mpox, the detection and isolation of infected individuals, as well as hand hygiene and cleanliness, are essential and effective approaches to control/combat this viral infection. Nevertheless, updated information about Mpox from different angles is lacking. Thus, this review provides updated and comprehensive information about the Mpox illness, which should highlight the global burden, pathogenicity, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention measures and possible treatment of this emerging disease.

Assessment of climate change's impact on energy demand in Mexican buildings: Projection in single-family houses based on Representative Concentration Pathways

In Mexico, buildings' deficient thermal performance is one of the leading causes of the intensive use of energy. This research analyzes the perspective of energy demand required to meet the cooling needs in the country through the Weather-based technical indexes: Cooling Degree Hour (CDH) and Operation Hours (OH). The study considered the 2440 municipalities that make up the 32 states of the Mexican Republic and three chronological progressions throughout the 21st century (2020, 2050, and 2100). Meteorological data was collected through the Meteonorm software considering climate change projections, precisely two Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP 4.5 - Intermediate) and (RCP 8.5 - High). Based on the calculations, spatial and temporal panoramas of the behavior of air conditioning hours under various target temperatures (20 °C, 23 °C, and 26 °C) were established. Taking the most important type of housing in Mexico (Social Interest Housing) as a case study, a database of air conditioning energy demand was performed and subsequently grouped the states according to cluster similarities. The results show that >50 % of the Mexican Republic requires high air conditioning levels. The maximum CDH for 2100-RCP 8.5 will be 70 % higher than currently needed. Even for the year 2050-RCP8.5, an increase of >40 % of CDH was obtained. Regarding the OH, the results show an increase of >50 % concerning the current behavior of the country. Regardless of the scenario, the range of operating hours with the highest operating requirements is between 11 am and 4 pm, peaking in the summer season. The simulations showed that some Mexican regions exceed 12,000 kWh in air conditioning. An increase of 20 % and 35 % is expected for the years 2050 and 2100. The simulations showed that a considerable percentage of Mexico exceeds 12,000 kWh in air conditioning, while by 2050 and 2100, this consumption will increase by 20 % and 35 %, respectively. Based on these results, the first classification of groups in energy demand was generated, allowing a focus on energy efficiency strategies to obtain net zero Buildings. The data obtained shows that relative humidity is a variable that affects the increase in energy consumption in refrigeration and simplifies the process of classifying regions with similar patterns in air conditioning.