Mexican Individuals Research Articles

Gut Bacterial Composition and Nutritional Implications in Mexican and Spanish Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Compared to Healthy Controls

The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with its composition varying based on geographic location and dietary factors. This study was performed to examine and compare the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota in Mexican and Spanish individuals with IBD and healthy controls, while also considering the nutritional aspects. This study involved 79 individuals with IBD and healthy controls from Mexico and Spain. The fecal microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the dietary intake and anthropometric measurements were collected. Alpha diversity analysis revealed a lower Chao1 index of the bacterial genera in the IBD groups. Beta diversity analysis showed significant differences in the bacterial composition, suggesting inter-individual variability within the healthy and IBD groups. Additionally, the relative abundance of the bacterial genera varied across the four groups. Faecalibacterium was more abundant in the IBD groups; Prevotella was found exclusively in the Mexican groups, and Akkermansia was found only in the Spanish groups. Akkermansia was positively correlated with meat and protein intake, Prevotella with lean mass, and Bacteroides with calorie intake. These findings highlight the importance of considering geographic and nutritional factors in future research on the gut microbiome’s role in IBD pathogenesis.

Gender Differences in the Predictive Value of Obesity Indices for Insulin Resistance in Adult Mexican Individuals.

Obesity-linked insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for metabolic diseases, and anthropometric indices are commonly used for risk assessment. The study aimed to assess possible differences between women and men in the predictive value and association of nine obesity indices with IR, as assessed by HOMA-IR, in a nondiabetic adult population. The cross-sectional study included individuals recruited from a hospital in Mexico City. Indices evaluated were waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, visceral adiposity index, body adiposity index (BAI), relative fat mass (RFM), and conicity index (CI). Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured to calculate HOMA-IR. Correlation analysis was performed between obesity indices and HOMA-IR. Receiver operating characteristics curve analyses were performed to determine predictive accuracy and cut-off values of obesity indices for IR. A binary logistic regression (BLR) analysis with OR calculation was performed to determine the strength of association with HOMA-IR. We included 378 individuals (59% females, mean age 46.38 ±12.25 years). The highest Pearson coefficient value was observed for BMI among women, while among men, the highest values were found for BMI and BAI. WC among women, and BAI and RFM among men showed the highest sensitivity, while the highest specificity was observed for WHR among women and WC among men with respect to insulin prediction. In the adjusted BLR model, BMI, WC, and WHR among women and WC and RFM and BAI among men were independently associated with IR, showing the highest odds ratio (OR). In Mexican adults, WC, WHR, RFM and BAI could be complementary tools for BMI in screening for IR.

Prevalence and spectrum of germline pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes among mexican patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer

BackgroundAlthough universal germline genetic testing is recommended for patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer (PC), access to genetic testing remains limited in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to narrow the gap in our understanding of the spectrum of germline pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants (PVs) in cancer susceptibility genes in the Mexican population. MethodsThe landscape of PVs in cancer susceptibility genes was identified by next-generation sequencing multigene panel assays among patients with PC who were enrolled in the Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network prospective registry in Mexico City. ResultsFrom August 2019 to April 2023, 137 patients underwent genetic testing. The median age at diagnosis was 60 years (range 36–85), 58.4 % were women, and 38.7 % were metastatic at diagnosis. The frequency of germline PVs was 16 % (n = 22): ATM 36.4 % (n = 8), CDKN2A/p16INK4A 27.3 % (n = 6), BRCA2 9.1 % (n = 2), PALB2 9.1 % (n = 2), CHEK2 9.1 % (n = 2), TP53 4.5 % (n = 1), and NF1 4.5 % (n = 1). Additionally, 2 carriers of monoallelic germline variants in MUTYH were identified. No significant differences were observed between carriers and non-carriers in terms of family history of pancreatic cancer. ConclusionsWe identified a significant frequency of actionable germline PVs in Mexicans with PC, wherein the majority were in a broad spectrum of genes associated with the homologous recombination DNA repair mechanism. Most pancreatic cancer associated PVs were detected in non-BRCA genes, so our findings support the recommendation of multigene panel testing for genetic cancer risk assessment of Mexican individuals with PC.

Sex Differences in Biochemical Analyses, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Their Correlation with CRP in Healthy Mexican Individuals.

Few studies have been undertaken to detect the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) in healthy populations (individuals auto-reported as healthy). These risk factors include high body mass index (BMI), high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), high systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), high uric acid and high Castelli's risk index (CRI); this last is the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (TC/HDL-c). In addition, the correlations between CRFs and the biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) has not been explored in each sex. Therefore, this study aimed to determine sex differences in the abnormalities in blood and urine analyses, including CRFs and their correlation with CPR in a non-representative sample of healthy Mexican individuals. A total of 238 subjects were included, 123 (51.7%) of whom were women. The main blood alterations detected were high serum lipids, including high total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and the CRI, which were higher in men than in women. The men's samples had a higher frequency of hypertensives and pre-hypertensives than the women's sample. The CRP showed positive significant correlations with the CRFs: BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, uric acid, and the CRI, with a higher correlation for BMI and WHR, and most of these correlations were higher in women than in men. Additionally, all these factors showed a positive correlation among them. In conclusion, the main alterations observed in blood are related to cardiovascular risk and were reported with a higher frequency in men when compared with women. This finding can be related to the higher values of WHR in this sex; additionally, the inflammatory marker CRP was more correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors in women than in men, which suggests a different relationship between inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors in each sex.

Diagnostic performance of sixteen biomarkers for MASLD: A study in a Mexican cohort

Background and aimsMetabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) poses a heightened cardiovascular risk. Identifying efficient biomarkers for early MASLD detection in resource-limited Latin American regions is crucial. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of sixteen biomarkers for MASLD in Mexican individuals. MethodsIn this cross-sectional and analytical study, steatosis was assessed using vibration-controlled transient elastography. MASLD was defined according to international standards. Assessed biomarkers included: Visceral Fat (VF), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Height Ratio (WHtr), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHr), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), Body Mass Index (BMI), Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA), Weight-Adjusted-Waist Index (WWI), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), Uric Acid-Creatinine Ratio (UACR), Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG) and its variants TyG-WC, TyG-HDL, TyG-BMI, TyG-WHtr. Results161 participants were included, of which 122 met MASLD criteria (56 % women, age 53.9 years [47.5–64]) and 39 were healthy controls (76 % women, age 52 [45–64]). The AUROCs of the biomarkers for MASLD were: TyG-WC (0.84), LAP (0.84), TyG-BMI (0.82), TyG-WHtr (0.80), WC (0.78), TyG (0.77), WHtr (0.75), BMI (0.76), VF (0.75), HSI (0.75), TyG-HDL (0.75), WHr (0.72), VAI (0.73), UA/CR (0.70), HOMA (0.71), and WWI (0.69). Sex-based differences were observed. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, the TyG-WC index was the best predictor of MASLD. ConclusionsIn conclusion, our results underscore the potential of several noninvasive biomarkers for MASLD assessment in a Mexican population, highlighting variations in diagnostic efficacy and cut-off values between sexes. After adjusting, TyG-WC was the best MASLD predictor.

Gender, Immunological Response, and COVID-19: An Assessment of Vaccine Strategies in a Pandemic Region of Oaxaca, México

COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern, but long COVID’s effects are yet to be fully understood. Hence, globally, SARS-CoV-2 is still a profound threat to public health and of perilous nature as a zoonotic disease. Timely vaccination provided to individuals worldwide during the pandemic phase was under a certain degree of control; however, few studies have reported the effectiveness of vaccines administered in Mexico, and its surveillance is paramount. Furthermore, an unknown proportion of Mexican individuals have not yet received any vaccine, and the circulation of the Omicron, Pirola, and FLiRT variants is ongoing. A cross-sectional serology survey study design was employed, involving 150 individuals from Southern Mexico (Oaxaca) whose humoral immune responses after vaccination were tested by an ELISA; the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein served as a recombinant antigen in the ELISA. One hundred thirty-nine out of 150 individuals (92.6%; 95%-CI = 87–95%) examined were positive for the ELISA, but in 11 individuals, the vaccines did not induce any immune response. Interestingly, the immune responses (antibody prevalence and levels) of females (58%) were higher (T= −2.21; p-value = 0.02) than those of males (41%). However, in this sample population of Southern Mexico, age, vaccine type, comorbidity, and body mass index did not have any effect (p > 0.05) after COVID-19 vaccination. Taking all results together, here, we present factors that affected immune responses of individuals during the first vaccination campaign in Oaxaca, Mexico; however, vaccine surveillance during the post-pandemic phase needs further investigation.

IL10 promoter variants are associated with gene expression but they are not markers of susceptibility to acute coronary syndrome

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunomodulatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Here, we evaluated the role of IL10 promoter variants as markers for ACS susceptibility in Western Mexican patients as well as its association with IL10 mRNA and IL-10 plasma levels. Three promoter variants (− 1082 A > G, − 819 T > C and − 592 A > C) were analyzed in 300 ACS patients and 300 control group (CG) individuals. IL10 relative gene expression was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and IL-10 levels were quantified in plasma. The allelic, genotypic and haplotypic frequencies did not show significant differences between groups. ACS patients had sevenfold higher mRNA IL10 level compared to CG (p = 0.0013). Homozygous C/C carriers in both − 819 T > C and − 592 A > C variants had 0.4-fold higher IL10 mRNA expression than heterozygous and polymorphic allele homozygous genotypes (p = 0.0357) in ACS group. There were significant differences in plasma IL-10 levels in CG and ACS group (1.001 vs 1.777 pg/mL, p = 0.0051). The variants were not markers of susceptibility to ACS in Western Mexican individuals. ACS patients showed higher IL10 expression than CG individuals which could be mediated by − 819 T > C and − 592 A > C variants and pharmacotherapy.

Association between uric acid and referable diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes

Plasmatic uric acid (UA) has been inconsistently associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Specific sight-threatening stages of DR have not been studied for their association with UA. Cross-sectional, comparative study. Between 2014 and 2018 we recruited 210 Mexican individuals > 18 years-old with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Clinical, ophthalmological and biochemical assessment was performed with standardized funduscopic examination. Certified readers classified DR stages. The association between DR and UA was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis, calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI, after adjustment for covariates. Two hundred and ten patients were included, 41 (19.5%) had referable DR. Subjects with referable (severe or worse) DR had longer diabetes duration, 22 (15–28) vs 15 (8–20) years (P < 0.01); higher levels of UA, 6.5 (5.8–8.1) vs 5.4 (4.5–6.6) mg/dL (P < 0.01); higher systolic blood pressure, 130 (120–140) vs 120 (110–130) mmHg (P < 0.01); higher diastolic blood pressure, 78.4 ± 9.7 vs 75.4 ± 9.2 mmHg (P = 0.03); and lower glomerular filtration rate , 54.1 (41.5–69.6) vs 87.3 (66.8–108.3) mL/min/1.73m2 (P < 0.01) compared with those without referable DR. With multiple logistic regression, after adjustment, per each unit of change (mg/dL) in UA the probability of having referable DR increased 45% (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.12–1.87, P < 0.01). When UA was evaluated as dichotomous variable, those with levels ≥ 7.8 mg/dL had almost two times (OR = 2.81, 95% CI 1.00–7.9., P = 0.049) the probability of having referable DR compared with those with levels < 7.8 mg/dL. UA may contribute to the microvascular damage in retinal vessels and therefore hyperuricemia could be a therapeutic target to prevent DR progression.

Assessing disorganized attachment in Mexican individuals with psychosis-risk symptoms: initial psychometric evaluation of a Spanish version of the revised Psychosis Attachment Measure

ABSTRACT Background Knowledge of the role of attachment in psychosis would be enhanced by research in low- and middle-income countries and increased availability of measures of disorganized attachment. The Psychosis Attachment Measure is a widely-used self-report questionnaire recently expanded to incorporate the assessment of disorganized attachment. The present study examined the psychometric properties of a Spanish-language adaptation of the revised Psychosis Attachment Measure (PAM-R) in Mexican individuals reporting psychosis-risk symptoms. Methods The sample comprised 264 individuals with a positive screen for high risk for psychosis, drawn from a more extensive general population study. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires via an online survey. Results An exploratory factor analysis of the 23 items yielded three factors interpreted as representing anxious, avoidant, and disorganized attachment. Four items had poor loadings on all factors and were not retained. The dimensions demonstrated adequate internal consistency, but convergent validity was only supported for the anxious and disorganized attachment dimensions. Disorganized attachment showed medium-sized associations with childhood maltreatment, attenuated positive symptoms, and symptom-related distress. Discussion The findings provide initial support for using the disorganized subscale in the Mexican context and for continuing the examination of the measure to further determine its research and clinical utility in Spanish-speaking populations.

Analysis of SIRT1 genetic variants in young Mexican individuals: relationships with overweight and obesity.

The high prevalence of obesity in Mexico starting from the early stages of life is concerning and represents a major public health problem. Genetic association studies have reported that single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that plays an important role in the regulation of metabolic cellular functions, are associated with multiple metabolic disorders and the risk of obesity. In the present study, we analyzed the effect that the SNVs rs1467568 and rs7895833 of the SIRT1 gene may have on cardiometabolic risk factors in a young adult population from Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out with young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 who had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 18.5kg/m2. This study included 1122 young adults who were classified into the normal weight (n = 731), overweight group (n = 277), and obesity group (n = 114) according to BMI of whom 405 and 404 volunteers were genotyped for rs1467568 and rs7895833 respectively using TaqMan probes through allelic discrimination assays. We found that the male sex carrying the G allele of rs7895833 had slightly lower BMI levels (p = 0.009). Furthermore, subjects carrying rs1467568 (G allele) showed a 34% lower probability of presenting with hyperbetalipoproteinemia where female carrying rs1467568 had lower levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.030), triglycerides (p = 0.026) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.013). In conclusion, these findings suggest that the presence of both SNVs could have a non-risk effect against dyslipidemia in the Mexican population.

Increased carotid intima-media thickness and cardiometabolic risk factors are associated with IL-6 gene polymorphisms in Mexican individuals: The Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease Mexican study.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the association of three IL-6 gene polymorphisms with increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and cardiometabolic risk factors. Three IL-6 polymorphisms (rs1800795, rs2069827, and rs1800796) were analyzed in 178 individuals with increased CIMT (CIMT ≥75th percentile) and 906 individuals without increased CIMT (CIMT <75th percentile). Logistic regression, adjusted for confounding variables, was employed to assess the associations. The rs1800796 polymorphism was significantly associated with an elevated risk of increased CIMT (OR = 1.354, Padditive = 0.016; OR = 1.803, Precessive = 0.014; OR = 1.989, Pcodominant2 = 0.008). One haplotype (GCG) correlated with a higher risk of increased CIMT (OR = 1.288; P = 0.008), while another (GGG) demonstrated a reduced risk (OR = 0.773; P = 0.006). In individuals without increased CIMT, the rs2069827 polymorphism was associated with low risks of central obesity, hypoalphalipoproteinemia, and a low risk of presenting with high levels of total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) /HDL-C index, apolipoprotein B, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The rs1800796 polymorphism was associated with a low risk of adipose tissue insulin resistance, and the rs1800795 was associated with a minimal risk of central obesity and hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Among those with increased CIMT, the rs2069827 was associated with low risks of central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, metabolic syndrome, and a high triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C index, while rs1800796 was associated with a low risk of fatty liver. Similar IL-6 concentrations were observed in both individuals with and without increased CIMT. In conclusion, the rs1800796 polymorphism is associated with increased CIMT, while the rs2069827 and rs1800795 are linked to cardiovascular risk factors.

Food Insecurity and Premature Mortality and Life Expectancy in the US

Food insecurity has been linked to multiple causes of disease and premature mortality; however, its association with mortality by sex and across racial and ethnic groups remains unknown in the US. To investigate the associations of the entire range of food security with all-cause premature mortality and life expectancy across racial and ethnic and sex groups in US adults. This cohort study included adults (aged ≥18 years) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018, with linkage to the National Death Index through December 31, 2019. Data analysis was performed from August to November 2023. Levels of food security were assessed with the US Department of Agriculture Adult Food Security Survey Module (full, marginal, low, and very low). All-cause premature mortality (death that occurs before age 80 years) and life expectancy. The study included 57 404 adults (weighted mean [SE] age, 46.0 [0.19] years; 51.8% female; 12 281 Black individuals [21.4%]; 10 421 Mexican individuals [18.2%]; 4627 Other Hispanic individuals [8.1%]; 24 817 White individuals [43.2%]; and 5258 individuals of other races, including multiracial [9.2%]). During a median (IQR) of 9.3 (5.0-14.3) years of follow-up, 4263 premature deaths were documented. Compared with the full food security group, the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.50 (95% CI, 1.31-1.71), 1.44 (95% CI, 1.24-1.68), and 1.81 (95% CI, 1.56-2.10) across marginal, low, and very low food security groups, respectively (P < .001 for trend). The corresponding life expectancy at age 50 years in each group was 32.5 (95% CI, 32.4-32.6), 29.9 (95% CI, 28.9-30.9), 30.0 (95% CI, 28.9-31.0), and 28.0 (95% CI, 26.8-29.2) years. Equivalently, adults with marginal, low, or very low food security lived on average 2.6 (95% CI, 1.5-3.7), 2.5 (95% CI, 1.4-3.7), or 4.5 (95% CI, 3.2-5.8) fewer years at age 50 years, respectively, compared with those with full food security. The associations appeared to be stronger in women than in men (hazard ratios comparing very low food security with full food security, 2.29 [95% CI, 1.83-2.86] in women and 1.46 [95% CI, 1.19-1.78] in men; P = .009 for interaction) and stronger in White adults than in Black adults (hazard ratios comparing very low food security with full food security, 2.07 [95% CI, 1.70-2.53] in White adults and 1.33 [95% CI, 1.01-1.75] in Black adults; P < .001 for interaction) or in Hispanic adults (hazard ratios comparing very low food security with full food security, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.71-1.58]; P < .001 for interaction). In this cohort study, although the association of food security and life expectancy varied across sex and racial and ethnic groups, overall, lower levels of food security were associated with a higher risk of premature mortality and a shorter life expectancy. The findings of this study highlight the potential importance of improving food security in promoting population health and health equity.

ATR1 A1166C (rs5186), FII G20210A (rs1799963), FV G1691A (rs6025), FXIII 97G > T (rs11466016) and MTHFR A1298C (rs1801131) polymorphisms and the risk of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in young Mexican individuals.

Previous studies had identified genetic variants associated with Myocardial Infarction, but results are inconclusive. We examined the association between FII G20210A (rs1799963), FV G1691A (rs6025), FXIII 97G > T (rs11466016), ATR1 A1166C (rs5186) and MTHFR A1298C (rs1801131) polymorphisms and ST elevation Myocardial Infarction in young Mexican individuals. We included a total of 350 patients with Myocardial Infarction <45 years old and 350 controls matched by age and gender. The polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP using specific restriction enzymes. DNA fragments were separated by electrophoresis in 2% gel of agarose and visualized using SYBR green. The A1166C (p = 0.004) but not FXIII 97G > T (p = 0.19), G20210A (p = 0.32), G1691A (p = No significant) and A1298C (p = 0.21) polymorphisms were associated with increased risk for ST elevation Myocardial Infarction. Moreover, dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking and family history of atherothrombotic disease were associated. We found that A1166C represented increased risk for ST elevation Myocardial Infarction. However, G20210A, G1691A, 97G > T, and A1298C were not associated. In addition, we had determined that Glu298Asp, PLA1/A2, TAFI Thr325Ile, ACE I/D, AGT M235T and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms represented increased risk in the same group of patients. However, MTHFR C677T, AGT T174M, FV G1691A, TSP-1 N700S, MTHFR C677T and TAFI 174M polymorphisms were no associated. Our results suggest that in young patients with ST Myocardial Infarction, those polymorphisms could contribute to premature endothelial dysfunction, atherothrombosis, vasoconstriction, increased platelet aggregation, muscle cell migration and proliferation. Further studies are required to try to better assess gene-gene and gene-modifiable factors interaction.

A Potential Association between Abdominal Obesity and the Efficacy of Humoral Immunity Induced by COVID-19 and by the AZD1222, Convidecia, BNT162b2, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac Vaccines.

Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Mexico and has a poor prognosis in terms of the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and low levels of antibodies induced by infection and vaccination. We evaluated the humoral immune response induced by COVID-19 and five different vaccination schedules in Mexican individuals with abdominal obesity and the effects of other variables. This prospective longitudinal cohort study included 2084 samples from 389 participants. The levels of anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD IgG antibodies were measured at various time points after vaccination. A high prevalence of hospitalization and oxygen use was observed in individuals with abdominal obesity (AO) who had COVID-19 before vaccination; however, they also had high levels of anti-S1/S2 and anti-RBD-neutralizing IgG antibodies. The same was true for vaccination-induced antibody levels. However, their longevity was low. Interestingly, we did not observe significant differences in vaccine reactogenicity between abdominally obese and abdominally non-obese groups. Finally, individuals with a higher body mass index, older age, and previous COVID-19 had higher levels of antibodies induced by COVID-19 and vaccination. Therefore, it is important to evaluate other immunological and inflammatory factors to better understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in the presence of risk factors and to propose effective vaccination schedules for vulnerable populations.

Prevalence of the genetic variant rs61330082 and serum levels of the visfatin gene in Mexican individuals with metabolic syndrome: a clinical and bioinformatics approach.

metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of clinical anomalies that share an inflammatory component of multifactorial etiology. the present study aims to relate the genetic variant (rs61330082 C/T) with dietary patterns in the presence of MetS and the application of molecular docking according to the genotype and associated transcription factors. 197 individuals aged 18 to 65 were included, from whom anthropometric measurements were taken, and a blood sample from the forearm. DNA extraction and enzymatic digestion were performed to determine the genotype of each participant by PCR-RFLP. Dietary patterns were analyzed using a nutritional questionnaire validated for the Mexican population. Serum levels of the protein visfatin were assessed by ELISA. Finally, bioinformatics tools were used for molecular docking to infer the binding of transcriptional factors in the polymorphic region. the TT genotype was present in only 10 % of the population. Women carrying the CT+TT genotype, according to the dominant genetic model, had higher serum levels of triglycerides and VDLD-C. Statistical analysis did not show a significant association between the presence of MetS and the dominant CT+TT model (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI = 0.61-3.44, p = 0.53). We identified PAX5 as a transcription factor binding to the polymorphic site of this genetic variant. this study demonstrated a significant association between the genetic variant (rs61330082 C/T) and lipid parameters. Women carrying the T allele have a higher risk of high triglyceride levels, a criterion for metabolic syndrome.

Prevalence of the t(11; 14)(q13; q32) immunoglobulin H/CCND1 in Mexican mestizos with multiple myeloma: A single institution experience

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy resulting from clonal proliferation of plasma cells in which significant heterogeneity has been demonstrated, both cytogenetically and molecularly. Translocation (11;14)(q13;q32), involving the CCND1 gene, has been described as the most common one, its estimated prevalence being around 15%–24%. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to report the prevalence of t(11;14) in Mexican individuals with MM in a single institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study in 26 patients with MM undergoing a fluorescence in situ hybridization study with fluorescent probes for the detection of t(11;14) employing a fluorescence microscope and studying 200 interphase nuclei, referred to Laboratorios Ruiz and Synlab, Puebla, México from 2017 to 2021. RESULTS: The t(11;14) was found in 5 (19%) of the cases. Data on the clinical evolution of the patients was not available. In the 26 subjects, serum immunofixation was performed to identify the type of monoclonal gammopathy (MG), 13 (50%) were compatible with MG immunoglobulin (Ig) G-Lambda, 8 (30.7%) with IgG-Kappa, 4 (15.3%) with IgA-Lambda, and 1 (4%) with IgA-Kappa. Of the five individuals positive for t(11;14), four were IgG Lambda and one IgG Kappa. CONCLUSION: The presence of t(11;14) in our cohort is similar to that reported in other populations. The clinical implications of the t(11;14) translocation in MM have been observed in various populations, but further studies are needed to comprehensively assess its relationship to the clinical course of the disease.

Development of Essential Competences for the Success of Inclusive Quality Teaching–Learning Processes in Higher Education

Currently, the development of key competences has become a fundamental priority to ensure the success of inclusive quality teaching–learning processes at all levels of education. This research proposes a quantitative observational study that involved 446 Spanish, Chilean and Mexican individuals, using the INNOVAPRENDE questionnaire. Education is fundamental to provide citizens with the skills inside and outside the classroom. For this reason, the research focuses on the teachers’ perception of university students’ skills to develop Personal, Social and Learning to Learn (PSLL) competence: initiating learning, managing time, managing information and managing self-regulated learning. It was found that women (vs. men), older participants (vs. younger participants) and participants with 16–25 years of experience (vs. those with 0–5 years of experience) perceive that university students have greater knowledge and skills to deploy PSLL. The conclusion highlights the importance of teacher guidance and support, as well as expectations in relation to learners’ development of the skills that make up PSLL.

Like Water, We Re-Member: A Conceptual Model of Identity (Re)formation through Cultural Reclamation for Indigenous Peoples of Mexico in the United States

Background: Diasporic Indigenous peoples of Mexico living in the United States continue to survive and reclaim their cultures despite multiple disruptions to identity formation resulting from systematic violence and cultural silencing enacted through white settler colonialism in the United States and Mexico. Honoring Indigenous survivance, the authors present a conceptual model of Indigenous identity healing and reformation that mirrors the dynamic qualities of water for Indigenous Mexican peoples living in the United States. Methods: The conceptual model arose from a ceremony-based, participatory, digital archiving project documenting Indigenous oral histories. The model is illustrated through case analysis of three Indigenous Mexican individuals living in the United States whose stories holistically represent the model’s components. Results: The case narratives illustrate how Indigenous Mexican identities are (re)formed by moving through the model components of Rift (disconnection from land, culture, and community), Longing (yearning to find what was lost), Reconnecting (reclaiming cultural practices), and Affirmation (strengthening of identity through community), via Reflection (memory work which propels movement through each stage). Conclusions: Findings suggest that identities can be (re)formed through reclaiming cultural practices and reconnecting with the community. This conceptual model may be useful for further understanding Indigenous Latinx identity development and healing.

Relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and mental wellness: a cross-cultural examination

ABSTRACT The majority of research on mental wellness has been focused on Western societies, while little is known about cross-cultural differences of mental wellness and factors associating with mental wellness. The present cross-cultural research examined the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and mental wellness among groups recruited from the United States (US), Mexico, and China. A total of 1,198 participants (359 from the US, 432 from Mexico, 407 from China; 55.50% female, 44.50% male) completed the survey study. The moderation effect of country of membership in the relationship between IU-depressive symptoms/life satisfaction was investigated through PROCESS Model 1. Our results revealed that country of membership did not moderate the relationship between IU and depressive symptoms, indicating that the IU-depressive symptom link is culturally invariant. On the other hand, country of membership statistically significantly moderated the relationship between IU and life satisfaction (p < .001, R 2 = .10). Specifically, greater IU was inversely associated with life satisfaction amongst US and Mexican individuals, but not for Chinese individuals. Findings suggest cross-cultural variations in the relationship between IU and life satisfaction. Implications, limitations, and future directions were offered.

Early career Latinas in STEM: Challenges and solutions

Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Central American Ancestry (MPRCA) individuals represent 82% of US Latinos. An intergenerational group of MPRCA women and allies met to discuss persistent underrepresentation of MPRCA women in STEM, identifying multi-level challenges and solutions. Implementation of these solutions is important and will benefit MPRCA women and the entire academic community.