Methylene Blue Adsorption Studies Research Articles

Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto Carpobrotus edulis biomass

The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of an alkaline pretreatment of the Mediterranean plant Carpobrotus edulis on the adsorption capacity toward the dye methylene blue and to estimate the content of soluble organic matter that can be released into the aqueous solution by this biomaterial. The biomaterial used was characterized by SEM-EDX, SS, FT-IR, pHZ, COD and BOD5. Removal of methylene blue (MB) dye by this biomaterial was carried out and the effects of physicochemical factors such as initial pollutant concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and temperature were investigated. After adsorbent treatment, the soluble organic matter was reduced by 97%, 96%, and 96% for biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and organic matter, respectively. Kinetics and equilibrium studies of MB adsorption on the bioadsorbents were fitted with a pseudo-second order kinetic model and a Langmuir model, respectively. The maximum adsorption amount of the modified C. edulis plant was 153.9 mg/g at 298°K. The thermodynamic parameters show that the adsorption process was possible and spontaneous in nature. The adsorption mechanism of MB on the surface of biomaterials was attributed to the electrostatic interaction and H-bonding. The prepared biomaterial (0.016 U$ per gram) was easily regenerated with aqueous HNO3 solution, with a slight decrease in adsorption capacity up to five cycles. The results of Taguchi experimental design and analysis of variance showed that contact time, adsorbent mass and initial concentration are the most important factors affecting the removal efficiency with a contribution of 43.91%, 32.68%, and 22.95%, respectively. The maximum removal capacity of MB dye in optimal operating conditions was 99.39%, which was obtained at the optimum conditions of m = 1 g, pH 4, T = 35 °C, Ci = 1000 mg/L, tc = 5 min. These results confirm previous results obtained with the batch system and show that this absorbent is also promising for the removal of cationic dyes from wastewater.

Experimental study of methylene blue adsorption from aqueous solutions onto natural Algerian goethite

ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to study and model the methylene blue (MB) sorption, from aqueous solutions by goethite. The equilibrium time was reached during 10 min of agitation with 26.21 ℅ efficiency. MB removal efficiency is improved with an increased absorbent dose (0.5–08 g/L) for an initial 10 mg/L concentration. Treatment efficiency decreases with the increase of initial MB concentration (2–100 mg/L). The best adsorption yields were obtained in basic media. MB sorption kinetics via goethite leads to several results as to mechanisms that govern kinetics and isotherms equilibrium: Blanchard's model provides a better fit of the experimental results compared to Lagergren's model. Thus, the MB sorption kinetics is described by the pseudo-second order. Particle diffusion is involved in the MB removal mechanism, but it is not the only limiting step and the Boyd model application confirms that diffusion in the pores is the limiting step of the MB sorption process. The Elovich model is well verified and translated probably the existence of chemical-type interactions between MB and goethite. The study of MB adsorption isotherms showed that Freundlich, Temkin, and Elovich models are the best adapted than the Langmuir model. Finally, we can assess that goethite can be an interesting natural adsorbent for MB elimination from polluted waters in basic environments.

Metal organic framework composite based on CuBTC/SPION for application in methylene blue adsorption

AbstractIn this work, a composite (CuBTC/superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles [SPION]) based on copper, benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylic acid (CuBTC) and SPION was synthesized by electrochemical method for the magnetic separation of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The synthesis of the proposed composite was carried out under various experimental conditions from 1.4 to 5.4 V for 1–5 h and subsequently studied using different techniques. Scanning electron microscopy showed a granular structure, whereas Brunauer–Emmett–Teller results revealed a well‐developed surface area of around 182 m2 g−1. Fourier transform infrared confirmed the presence of functional groups characteristic to CuBTC and Fe3O4, whereas X‐ray diffraction revealed the phase structure of CuBTC 1D, CuBTC 3D, and Fe3O4 in the obtained composite. Based on the experimental results, the sample synthesized under a potential of 1.4 V for 5 h was selected for MB adsorption studies in the function of adsorbent mass, contact time, solution pH, ionic strength, initial concentration, and temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity was 681 mg g−1, and the adsorption undergoes the Redlich–Peterson and Sips isotherm model. The results obtained for CuBTC/SPION indicate that the nanocomposite is a promising adsorbent for removing MB in synthetic dye water and wastewater.

Synthesis of a novel green biopolymer-based composites beads for removal of methylene blue from aquatic medium: isotherm, thermodynamic and kinetic investigation

The increase in the world population and the decrease in clean water resources increase people's interest in water purification technologies. Many industries, such as the textile industry, leather industry, cosmetics and food industry, color their products with substances such as dyes and pigments. In this study, a cheap, useful, innovative, environmentally friendly, and sustainable adsorbent was developed for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB), one of the dyes that is harmful to the environment. In fruit tree cultivation, in addition to the product, very high amounts of by-products/waste (branches, bark, leaves, fruit seeds, fruit shells, etc.) are produced. In this direction, walnut tree and olive tree wastes were immobilized with chitosan, made magnetic (m-WCH and m-OCH), and the adsorption of MB on the developed adsorbents was examined in a batch system. Characterization of the synthesized biocomposite adsorbents was performed by FT-IR, SEM, EDX and XRD analyzes. It has been thoroughly described how the pH solution of the MB dye compares to the pHPZC of the adsorbent surface. The pHPZC values for m-WCH and m-OCH were 5.2 and 5.5 respectively. MB adsorption of biocomposites depends on the pH of the environment (3–8), amount of adsorbent (2–10 gL−1), contact time (5–360 min), temperature (25–55 °C) and initial dye concentration (10–250 ppm) was examined as a function. The obtained data were evaluated with kinetic and isotherm models. Using adsorption equilibrium data obtained from MB adsorption studies using m-WCH and m-OCH biocomposite adsorbents, their suitability to Langmuir, Freundlich, Stachard, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Temkin models was examined. The empirical data of MB adsorption by m-WCH and m-OCH showed agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity for MB by m-WCH and m-OCH was estimated to be 85.47 mg g−1 and 53.48 mg g−1, respectively. The result showed that a higher adsorption selectivity on m-WCH compares to m-OCH. Among the kinetic models applied, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was identified with the highest regression coefficients. In the light of these results, it was determined that there are new promising adsorbents of natural origin, with higher adsorption capacity, lower cost, and alternatives to commercially used adsorbents in the removal of MB from aqueous media.Graphical abstract

The interactions of model cationic drug with newly synthesized starch derivatives.

The aim of the work was to compare the interactions of three newly synthesized non-toxic starch derivatives, with varied anionic and non-ionic functional groups with methylene blue (MB) as a model cationic drug, and selection of starch derivative with highest affinity to the MB. The native potato starch (SN), modified via acetylation (SM1), esterification and crosslinking (SM2) and crosslinking (SM3), was evaluated in MB adsorption studies and assessed by FTIR, PXRD, and DSC. The adsorption of MB on SM2 and SM3 matched the BET isotherm model, which confirmed physisorption on the low-porous surface. In the case of SM1, adsorption took place via electrostatic attraction between the heterogeneous adsorbent surface and the adsorbate, as demonstrated by the Freundlich plot. The FTIR confirmed vibrations assigned to N=C stretching bonds at 1600 cm-1 in the case of MB adsorbed on the SN and SM2. The most intense PXRD peaks belonged to SN and the least to SM2. In the DSC study, the thermal stability via ΔT was assessed, with SM2 of lowest ΔT value (179.8 °C). SM2 presented the best adsorption capacity, followed by SM3 and the weakest SM1. The interactions were confirmed in the adsorption studies and may reflect applications of the modified starches as drug carriers. In the FTIR study, a probable interaction between the OH- groups of SM2 and N+ of MB was revealed. The most amorphous structure was shown for SM2, which was correlated with the lowest thermal stability provided by the DSC study.

Thermodynamic, Kinetics and Equilibrium Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption on Red Gram Seed Husk as Bio Adsorbent from Aqueous Solution

Thermodynamic, Kinetics and Equilibrium Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption on Red Gram Seed Husk as Bio Adsorbent from Aqueous Solution

A comparative study of methylene blue adsorption and removal mechanisms by calcium carbonate from different sources

Efficient removal of organic dye pollution from contaminated water is a concern in the absorbent applications. In this study, a green biogenic calcium carbonate (BCC) absorbent was fabricated using Bacillus licheniformis for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from water. This was found to have superior adsorption capacity compared with abiotic calcium carbonate (ACC) and operate within a broad pH range from 3 to 9. MB adsorption on BCC was physical and exothermic. The hydrophobic features, rough nanoporous microstructure, and organic–inorganic mesoporous structure of the BCC may all be responsible for its favorable adsorption mass transfer. The adsorption energy of BCC had a more negative value than that of ACC, indicating a stronger MB interaction with BCC with a lower energy barrier. Hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction were involved in the adsorption process. Overall, the findings established a theoretical foundation for the application of BCC in remediation of MB-contaminated water.

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption on a New Raw Material, Cynara scolymus—A Statistical Physics Assessment

Methylene blue (MB) adsorption was performed on a natural material powder of Cynara scolymus as a new inexpensive adsorbent identified by Cs. To analyze the Cs material, FTIR, SEM, isoelectric point (pHpzc) analysis, TGA, and DRX were used. The maximum experimental adsorption capacity of the Cs material was 203.333, 192.187, and 179.380 mg•g−1 at 298, 303, and 313 K, respectively. The correlation coefficients (R2) and average percentage errors APE (%) values for the kinetic and isotherms models indicated that the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-nth order model and that the traditional isotherm model Redlich–Peterson (R–P) correctly described the experimental data obtained at 298, 303, and 313 K, respectively. The steric, energetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of the most relevant advanced model (double-energy single-layer model (AM 2)) were analyzed in detail. The number of active sites for the first receptors (n1) was determined to be 0.129, 0.610, and 6.833, whereas the number of second active sites (n2) was determined to be 1.444, 1.675, and 2.036 at 298, 303, and 313 K, respectively. This indicated the presence of both multi–docking and multimolecular modes for the first style of MB ions (n1), while only a multimolecular mode for the second style of MB ions (n2). Thermodynamic characteristics demonstrated that MB adsorption onto the Cs adsorbent is spontaneous and feasible.

Nigella sativa-Manganese Ferrite-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Nanomaterial: A Novel Adsorbent for Water Treatment.

In this study, a novel nanohybrid composite was fabricated via the incorporation of manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles into the integrated surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and black cumin seeds (BC). The nanohybrid composite was prepared by a simple co-precipitation method and characterized by several spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The characterization analysis revealed that the rGO-BC surface was decorated with the MnFe2O4. The strong chemical interaction (via electrostatic and H-bonding) between the integrated surface of rGO-BC and MnFe2O4 nanoparticles has been reported. The prepared composite was highly porous with a heterogeneous surface. The average size of the prepared composite was reported in the ranges of 2.6-7.0 nm. The specific surface area of the prepared composite was calculated to be 50.3 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.061 cc/g and a half pore width of 8.4 Å. As well, many functional sites on the nanohybrid composite surface were also found. This results in the excellent adsorption properties of nanohybrid composite and the effectual elimination of methylene blue dye from water. The nanohybrid was tested for various linear isotherms, such as Langmuir and Freundlich, for the adsorption of methylene blue dye. The Freundlich isotherm was the well-fitted model, proving the adsorption is multilayer. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of nanohybrid composite for methylene blue was reported to be 74.627 mg/g at 27 °C. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order recommended surface interaction between the dye and nanohybrid composite. The interaction between methylene blue and the nanohybrid composite was also confirmed from the FTIR spectrum of the methylene blue-loaded adsorbent. The rate-determining step for the present study was intraparticle diffusion. Temperature-dependent studies of methylene blue adsorption were also carried out to estimate adsorption's free energy, enthalpy, and entropy. The methylene blue adsorption was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic. A comparison study revealed that the present materials could be successfully prepared and used for wastewater treatment.

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption on TiO2 and ZnO Thin Films.

In this work, we fabricated and characterized ZnO and TiO2 thin films, determining their structural, optical, and morphological properties. Furthermore, we studied the thermodynamics and kinetics of methylene blue (MB) adsorption onto both semiconductors. Characterization techniques were used to verify thin film deposition. The semiconductor oxides reached different removal values, 6.5 mg/g (ZnO) and 10.5 mg/g (TiO2), after 50 min of contact. The pseudo-second-order model was suitable for fitting the adsorption data. ZnO had a greater rate constant (45.4 × 10-3) than that of TiO2 (16.8 × 10-3). The removal of MB by adsorption onto both semiconductors was an endothermic and spontaneous process. Finally, the stability of the thin films showed that both semiconductors maintained their adsorption capacity after five consecutive removal tests.

Biological Preparation of Chitosan-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles: Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption as Well as Antibacterial Properties under Light.

Human beings have made significant progress in the medical field since antibiotics were widely used. However, the consequences caused by antibiotics abuse have gradually shown their negative effects. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has the ability to resist drug-resistant bacteria without antibiotics, and as it is increasingly recognized that nanoparticles can effectively solve the deficiency problem of singlet oxygen produced by photosensitizers, the application performance and scope of aPDT are gradually being expanded. In this study, we used a biological template method to reduce Ag+ to silver atoms in situ with bovine serum albumin (BSA) rich in various functional groups in a 50 °C water bath. The aggregation of nanomaterials was inhibited by the protein's multistage structure so that the formed nanomaterials have good dispersion and stability. It is unexpected that we used chitosan microspheres (CMs) loaded with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to adsorb methylene blue (MB), which is both a pollutant and photosensitive substance. The Langmuir adsorption isothermal curve was used to fit the adsorption capacity. The exceptional multi-bond angle chelating forceps of chitosan make it have a powerful physical adsorption capacity, and dehydrogenated functional groups of proteins with negative charge can also bond to positively charged MB to form a certain amount of ionic bonds. Compared with single bacteriostatic materials, the bacteriostatic capacity of the composite materials adsorbing MB under light was significantly improved. This composite material not only has a strong inhibitory effect on Gram-negative bacteria but also has a good inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram-positive bacteria poorly affected by conventional bacteriostatic agents. In conclusion, the CMs loaded with MB and AgNPs have some possible applications in the purification or treatment of wastewater in the future.

An efficient and adsorption of methylene blue dye on a natural clay surface: modeling and equilibrium studies.

The present research work revolves around the evaluation of the elimination of the cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution by the exploitation of natural clay (TMG) from South-East Morocco. Several physicochemical techniques were used to characterize our TMG adsorbate, namely, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, and zero charge point (pHpzc). The morphological properties and elemental composition of our material were identified using scanning electron microscopy coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The batch technique was used under different operating conditions to produce quantitative adsorption, namely, the amount of adsorbent, dye concentration, contact time, pH, and solution temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity of MB on TMG was 81.185 mg g-1 for a concentration of 100 mg L-1 MB at pHinitial = 6.43 (no initial adjustment of the pH-value was performed), temperature 293 K, and 1 g L-1 adsorbent. The adsorption data were examined by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The Langmuir isotherm provides the best correlation with the experimental data, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model is more appropriate for the adsorption of the MB dye. The thermodynamic study of MB adsorption indicates that the process is physical, endothermic, and spontaneous. The Box-Behnken method was applied to identify the optimal conditions for MB removal in the design of batch experiments. The parameters examined result in >99% removal. The TMG material's regeneration cycles and low cost ($0.393 per gram) show that it is both environmentally friendly and very effective for dye removal in the various textile sectors.

Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by adsorption onto hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

Water pollution due to industrial discharges is a major problem in many countries as it can have adverse effects on the environment and human health. Among wastewater treatment processes, adsorption technique is widely used to reduce the harmful effects of many pollutants, including dyes. The main objective of this research is to characterize and evaluate the removal capacity of methylene blue (a cationic dye) from an aqueous solution using hydroxyapatite as a bio-adsorbent. Hydroxyapatite was prepared by two different methods and the resulting biomaterials were designated HAp A, HAp B, HAp C, and HAp D. A comparative study of methylene blue adsorption by these biomaterials was performed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize these adsorbents. The effects of various experimental parameters such as contact time (5–120 min), concentration (5–90 mg/L), pH (6–12) and temperature (25–6°C) were studied. Adsorption studies revealed a removal efficiency of 88.88% at an initial MB concentration of 45 mg/L, an equilibrium time of 20 min, Basic pH and a temperature of 25 °C. The pseudo-second order kinetic model was used to describe the adsorption kinetics, while the Freundlich adsorption isotherm was used to describe the equilibrium adsorption process. This research suggests that the method of synthesis has a significant impact on the ability of the adsorbent to remove organic pollutants from dyes in an aqueous solution.

Kinetics and Thermodynamics Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption to Sucrose- and Urea-Derived Nitrogen-Enriched, Hierarchically Porous Carbon Activated by KOH and H3PO4.

Hierarchically porous nitrogen-enriched carbon materials synthesized by polymerization of sucrose and urea (SU) were activated by KOH and H3PO4 (SU-KOH and SU-H3PO4, respectively). Characterization was undertaken and the synthesized materials were tested for their ability to adsorb methylene blue (MB). Scanning electron microscopic images along with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis revealed the presence of a hierarchically porous system. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the surface oxidation of SU upon activation with KOH and H3PO4. The best conditions for removing dyes utilizing both activated adsorbents were determined by varying the pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and dye concentration. Adsorption kinetics were evaluated, and the adsorption of MB followed second-order kinetics, suggesting the chemisorption of MB to both SU-KOH and SU-H3PO4. Times taken to reach the equilibrium by SU-KOH and SU-H3PO4 were 180 and 30 min, respectively. The adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin models. Data were best described by the Temkin isotherm model for SU-KOH and the Freundlich isotherm model for SU-H3PO4. Thermodynamics of the adsorption of MB to the adsorbent was determined by varying the temperature in the range of 25-55 °C. Adsorption of MB increased with increasing temperature, suggesting that the adsorption process is endothermic. The highest adsorption capacities of SU-KOH and SU-H3PO4 (1268 and 897 mg g-1, respectively) were obtained at 55 °C. Synthesized adsorbents were effective in removing MB for five cycles with some loss in activity. The results of this study show that SU activated by KOH and H3PO4 are environmentally benign, favorable, and effective adsorbents for MB adsorption.

Niobium pentoxide as an adsorbent for methylene blue removal: Synthesis, characterization and thermal stability

This study investigated the synthesis of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) by peroxide oxidation with hydrothermal treatment and evaluated its application for adsorption of the organic pollutant methylene blue (MB) in aqueous medium. Hydrothermal treatment was performed at 150 °C for different times (4, 12, and 24 h). The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption isotherm analysis, zeta-potential analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nb2O5 samples had high surface area (174 m2 g−1) and orthorhombic crystal structure. FTIR revealed that an increase in synthesis time produced an increase in surface hydroxylation. Particles dispersed in water had zeta-potential values lower than −31.3 mV, suggesting colloidal stability in aqueous suspension. SEM analyses showed no significant variation in nanoparticle morphology as a function of synthesis time. MB adsorption studies using the sample treated at 150 °C for 24 h showed that the adsorption was higher at pH 6.0, and the process follows pseudo-second order kinetics, suggesting chemical diffusion as the dominant process. The Freundlich isotherm model provided the best fit to experimental data. Thermal analyses indicated a phase transition at about 600 °C, corroborated by analysis of samples after calcination at 500 and 700 °C. Thus, the obtained materials have high specific surface area, adsorption capacity, suspension stability, and thermal stability.

A mechanism study of methylene blue adsorption on seaweed biomass derived carbon: From macroscopic to microscopic scale

Biomass based active adsorbent can be prepared by activation process to adsorb dyes. In this study, using macroalgae as raw material, the biomass based activated carbon material was prepared by NaOH activation method to adsorb methylene blue. The activated adsorbent with high specific surface area (1238.491 m2 g−1) was characterized by BET, XRD, FTIR and XPS. The effects of impregnation ratio, amount of adsorbent, pH and contact time on the adsorption activity of biochar on MB were evaluated. The adsorption kinetics, molecular dynamics and density functional theory were discussed. The maximum MB removal efficiency of SWAC reached 98.56 % at 30 °C and pH= 5 which is due to its large specific surface area and mesoporous slit structure. MD simulation shows that MB molecules were adsorbed on carbon layer through face-to-face stacking. DFT calculation and subsequent electron structure analysis suggested that a synergistic effect of π-π stacking, cation-π interaction, and electrostatic interaction could help stabilize adsorbed MB molecules. And an excellent adsorption capacity SWAC is due to its graphitic N sites for high electronegativity.

Synthesis of Carbon Microspheres from Inedible Crystallized Date Palm Molasses: Influence of Temperature and Reaction Time

In this work, carbon microspheres (CMs) were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of inedible crystallized date palm molasses. The effects of temperature and reaction time on the prepared materials were studied. Experiments were carried out at different temperatures (180, 200, 230 and 250 °C) with reaction times ranging from 2 to 10 h. It was found that temperature had the greatest influence on the mass yield of the CMs. No solid products were observed at a temperature of 180 °C and a reaction time less than 2 h. The highest yield was found to be 40.4% at 250 °C and a reaction time of 6 h. The results show that the CMs produced were approximately 5-9 μm in diameter. The results also show that the largest diameter of the CMs (8.9 μm) was obtained at a temperature of 250 °C and a reaction time of 6 h. Nonetheless, if the reaction time was extended beyond 6 h at 250 °C, the CMs fused and their shapes were deformed (non-spherical shapes). The synthesized materials were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Branuer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). BET surface areas for the four samples were found to be less than 1 m2/g. The methylene blue adsorption studies indicated that the equilibrium adsorption capacity was reached after 15 min, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 12 mg/g. The recycling of date palm molasses (a known processed waste) to generate a useable carbon microsphere represents a beneficial step in the application of sustainable processing industries in the Middle East.

Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption on Alstonia Scholaris Plant Leaf Powder

In the current work the methylene blue removal using leaf powder of Alstonia Scholaris was investigated. Pseudo first order, second order and Elovic model ware applied, it has been observed that the adsorption follows second order kinetic model. The isotherm study was done by using Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich isotherm, the Freundlich isotherm was best suited for present investigation. The maximum adsorption was observed at pH 7.5.

Kinetics and Isotherm Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption on Activated Carbon Derived from Chrysanthemum: Solid Waste of Beverage Industry

Kinetics and Isotherm Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption on Activated Carbon Derived from Chrysanthemum: Solid Waste of Beverage Industry

Theorithecal and experimental study on the thermodynamic parameters and adsorption of methylene blue on “Argania shells” in industrial waters

The present work consists in studying the kinetic, isothermal and thermodynamic properties related to the adsorption of Methylene Blue in industrial waters. The study proposes an package to study the adsorption on the side calculating the parameters: (Langmuir constant KL, Frendlich constant KF, the rate constants for a first order K1, pseudo-second order K2 and second order kinetic K3, and paramètres thermodynamiques) and plotting the trends, through a user-friendly graphical interface. This package aims to save time and avoid errors that may occur when processing experimental results. The experimental study of methylene blue adsorption on Argan shells was performed to verify the performance of this package. The experimental study of the adsorption of methylene blue on the shells of Argan was carried out to verify the performance of this set. It is found that the amount of adsorption of methylene blue on the shells of Argan is 90.96 mg / g for an estimated equilibrium time of 240 min. The correlation coefficient showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic equation best describes the adsorption kinetics. The experimental equilibrium data were analyzed, the Langmuir isotherm provided the best correlation. In addition, the determination of the thermodynamic parameters shows that the reaction is spontaneous and exothermic.