Methyl Orange Dye Research Articles

Preparation, characterization and emission of Na3-3xLnxFe2(PO4)3 (Ln = Eu, Tb; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1 mol %) and photocatalytic activity of Na3Fe2(PO4)3

Rare earth doped compositions Na3-3xLnxFe2(PO4)3 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1) were prepared by ion-exchange method using Na3Fe2(PO4)3 and LnCl3 (Ln = Eu and Tb). Pristine Na3Fe2(PO4)3 was obtained by ethylene glycol assisted gel burning procedure. The phase characterization was performed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). All the compositions were well crystalized in monoclinic lattice. The FE-SEM images and elemental mapping were obtained. The infrared and Raman profiles of all-compounds were dominated by the bands owing to the (PO4) units. Investigation on photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra of Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Tb) were carried out. The excitation spectra of Na3-3xLnxFe2(PO4)3 (Ln = Eu and Tb) gave intensive band at 256 (370) nm for Eu (Tb) doped phosphors. The photoluminescence emission spectra of Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Tb) were carried out. The emission spectra of these composition were characterized by f -f transitions corresponding to 613 (5D0→7F2) for Eu and 543 (5D4→7F5) for Tb doped compositions. The maximum emission intensity for Eu (Tb) doped phosphors was found at x = 0.075 (0.05). The analysis of CIE and CCT values of all prepared phosphors were also carried out. Decay curves were analyzed in detail. The visible-light photo-catalytic activity of parent Na3Fe2(PO4)3 was examined against decomposition of methylene blue and methyl orange dyes. Parent Na3Fe2(PO4)3 exhibits good efficiency against MB (≈94.5 %) and moderate efficiency against MO (≈64 %) in 180 min of visible light irradiation. Scavengers’ experiments were carried to identify the active species during photodegradation.

Design of a Nickel mixed-ligand coordination compound for the removal of pollutant dye, methyl orange, from water

We report the uptake of methyl orange (MO) dye from aqueous solution by a synthesized Ni(II) complex. Characterization of the complex was achieved by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). BET surface area values were observed to be 252.450 m2 g−1 before adsorption and 242.260 m2 g−1 after adsorption. SEM micrographs showed a change in the morphology of the compound after adsorption. Adsorption experiments carried out at different conditions of dye concentration, pH of dye solution, contact time, dosage and temperature showed that the adsorption data best fits the Freundlich Isotherm with an R2 value of 0.9532 and adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics equation (R2 = 0.9898).

Efficient encapsulation of a model drug in chitosan cathodic electrodeposition: Preliminary analysis using FTIR, UV–vis, and NMR spectroscopy

This study investigates the preliminary efficacy of drug encapsulation in chitosan hydrogels by cathodic electrodeposition for the encapsulation of the aromatic dye methyl orange to enhance drug delivery in biological systems. Chitosan, a biocompatible and transparent polymer, is known for its ability to effectively encapsulate and transport therapeutic agents, which is critical for sustained and targeted drug release. Methyl orange was selected as a model drug to study the effects of deposition and immersion times on encapsulation efficiency. The effects of deposition and immersion times on encapsulation efficiency were analyzed by synthesizing multilayer hydrogels via electrochemical oxidation. Characterization techniques, including UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, and NMR, were employed; FTIR indicated an effective absorption of 4.34 % for Td50Ti60, while UV–Vis showed 46.41 % at Td60Ti50. NMR analysis revealed effective concentrations of 0.47 mM for Td70Ti60 and 0.38 mM for Td60Ti50, indicating that longer immersion times enhance absorption. These findings provide a foundation for further studies aimed at optimizing drug delivery strategies and improving the therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated agents in biological applications.

Spray-Deposited TiO2 Layers on Aluminum Foil for Sustainable Water Remediation

In this study, we developed TiO2-coated aluminum (TiO2/Al) surfaces using eco-friendly methods to create efficient and environmentally friendly photoactive materials with the potential to enhance water purification systems. TiO2 particles were deposited onto aluminum foil surfaces via a spray method, followed by heat treatment at 200 °C for 15 min. The morphology of the TiO2/Al surfaces, both before and after photocatalytic treatment, was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic properties of these modified surfaces were evaluated through the degradation of rhodamine B (RB), methylene blue (MB), and methyl orange (MO) under simulated solar and UV–LED irradiation. Among the dyes tested, MO exhibited the highest degradation, influenced by factors such as absorption maximum, molecular structure, charge, and the number of condensed rings. The computational study of interactions between dye molecules and the combined nanoparticle revealed that the binding was the strongest in the case of MO dye. This study also explored the influence of varying the number of TiO2/Al surfaces in solution (one, five, and ten) on the photodegradation efficiency. The solution with five TiO2/Al surfaces demonstrated optimal performance, achieving a 16% degradation of RB. The reusability of the TiO2/Al surfaces was confirmed through five successive runs of RB degradation. The results indicate that TiO2/Al surfaces are a promising solution for addressing water contamination challenges and advancing sustainable water treatment practices.

Eco-friendly fabrication of ZnO-TiO2-rGO nanocomposite for efficient adsorption-assisted organic dyes elimination

The growing interest in combining the photocatalytic properties of semiconductors like ZnO and TiO2 with the superior electron conduction capabilities of graphene has resulted in the successful synthesis of in-situ reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported ZnO-TiO2 nanostructures through a simple microwave-assisted synthesis method. X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to characterize structural, morphological and optical properties as well as surface functional groups of the synthesized products. The XRD measurements of our synthesized samples confirm both structural crystallinity and phase purity, while the FTIR analysis verifies the complete reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The synthesized ternary nanocomposite ZnO-TiO2-rGO exhibited a remarkable 100 % adsorption-assisted removal efficiency for 20 mg/L methylene blue (MB) dye under ultraviolet light illumination within 120 min, along with a 56 % dye adsorption removal efficiency in the same time interval. In comparison, pure ZnO showed 0 % adsorption and only 31 % photocatalytic efficiency at the similar condition. Remarkably, the ZnO-TiO2-rGO nanocomposite exhibited exceptional photocatalytic activity mediated by adsorption, achieving complete degradation of MB dye within 5 min under sunlight irradiation. The photocatalytic efficiency and dye adsorption capacity were found to be significantly lower for the anionic dye methyl orange (MO) compared to the cationic MB dye. The study thoroughly investigated the influence of catalyst dose and initial dye concentration on photodegradation. The proposed mechanism indicates that the extensive surface area and numerous active sites on the rGO promote adsorption, which is then followed by degradation through the metal oxides. Overall, the results unveil that the microwave-assisted synthesis of ZnO-TiO2-rGO nanocomposite is a promising and environmentally friendly approach for efficiently degrading dyes from contaminated wastewater using both UV light and natural sunlight irradiation.

Estimation of methyl orange dye’s molar absorptivity using a photoresistor-based photometer

Abstract The need to further develop solar cell technology, particularly on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), drives absorption studies of various chemical species. In this study, absorbance analysis of methyl orange (MO) dye was performed using the adapted and modified photoresistor-based photometer of Adams-McNichol et al. [1]. The research aims to improve the stability of the reference setup, while maintaining the accuracy of absorbance results it yields. The methodology includes photometer fabrication, MO dye sample preparation, and the evaluation of MO dye’s molar absorptivity in an aqueous solution. Results show that the estimated molar absorptivity of MO using the voltage readings from the photometer is close to the literature value, with a percentage error of 1.44%. This finding demonstrates that the modified photometer retains its effectiveness, as supported by the method repeatability measurements from six samples for each of the following MO concentrations: 0 μM, 40 μM, 45 μM, and 50 μM. Considering these results, the device may be useful in teaching light absorption to students as an alternative to the “black box” approach, and in exploring purified natural dyes that have potential applications in solar cell technology.

Degradation of Dyes Using Biologically Synthesized Nanoparticles by Aloe barbadensis Leaves Extract

AbstractNanotechnology has enormous, economic, social, and environmental ramifications. Due to their capacity to survive in complex processes, inorganic nanomaterials like metal/metal oxides have received substantial study during the past decade. Nanoparticles have antibacterial, magnetic, electrical, and catalytic characteristics due to their greater surface area. There are several methods to develop nanoparticles but environment friendly behavior with no toxic byproducts attracts researchers toward biological process of nanoparticles. This work synthesizes copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and zinc oxide (ZnO) with Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera) leaves extract and successfully characterizes them with different analytical techniques. The catalytic activity of such nanoparticles tests over different cationic and anionic dyes like methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and methyl red (MR) for different intervals of time and reveals. The degradation efficiency of CuO nanoparticles for MB, MO, and MR dyes are 59.92%, 73.48%, and 73.10% respectively, and for ZnO nanoparticles it is 81.44%, 76.46%, and 63.30% for MB, MO, and MR dyes respectively under the exposure of sunlight for 8 h. The present work successfully develops an ecofriendly process of dye degradation by biologically synthesized nanoparticles.

Application of cloud point extraction coupled with derivative spectrophotometry to remove binary mixture of Cresol Red and Methyl Orange dyes from aqueous solutions: Box–behnken design optimization

Cloud point extraction (CPE) was employed to eliminate Cresol Red (CR) and Methyl Orange (MO), as anionic dyes in a binary mixture from aqueous solutions. To remove these dyes Triton X-100 and NaCl at pH 5.7 were utilized. In this vein, wavelengths of 365 nm and 520 nm were respectively selected for CR and MO using the derivative spectrophotometer and first-order derivatives. According to based on the first-order derivative spectrophotometry, the recoveries rised from 94.3 to 99.5 % for CR and from 94.6 to 99.1 % for MO. In the following, the response surface methodology was administered to investigate the effect of surfactant concentration, temperature, and time on the dyes' elimination process. The quadratic mathematical model was obtained from the Box-Behnken design (BBD) matrix and developed to estimate the impact of each variable and its relationship with the elimination parameters. Later, coefficients of determination (R2) ≥0.97 were obtained using model equations and comparison between predicted and empirical values. Analysis of variance estimated the models’ significance and anticipation while processing the study variables. Based on the results, the model of pseudo-first-order in kinetic modelling can best describe dyes adsorption among the studied models. The analyzed dyes adhere to the Langmuir model with correlation values of 0.86 for CR and 0.87 for MO. The monolayer capacity (Qmax) was determined as 0.77 mol/mol for CR and 26.41 mol/mol for MO.

Synthesis of novel composite material with spent coffee ground biochar and steel slag zeolite for enhanced dye and phosphate removal.

Rising concerns over water scarcity, driven by industrialization and urbanization, necessitate the need for innovative solutions for wastewater treatment. This study focuses on developing an eco-friendly and cost-effective biochar-zeolite composite (BZC) adsorbent using waste materials-spent coffee ground biochar (CGB) and steel slag zeolite (SSZ). Initially, the biochar was prepared from spent coffee ground, and zeolite was prepared from steel slag; their co-pyrolysis resulted in novel adsorbent material. Later, the physicochemical characteristics of the BZC were examined, which showed irregular structure and well-defined pores. Dye removal studies were conducted, which indicate that BZC adsorption reach equilibrium in 2h, exhibiting 95% removal efficiency compared to biochar (43.33%) and zeolite (74.58%). Moreover, the removal efficiencies of the novel BZC composite toward dyes methyl orange (MO) and crystal violet (CV) were found to be 97% and 99.53%, respectively. The kinetic studies performed with the dyes and phosphate with an adsorbent dosage of 0.5g L-1 suggest a pseudo-second-order model. Additionally, the reusability study of BZC proves to be effective through multiple adsorption and regeneration cycles. Initially, the phosphate removal remains high but eventually decreases from 92% to 70% in the third regeneration cycle, highlighting the robustness of the BZC. In conclusion, this study introduces a promising, cost-effective novel BZC adsorbent derived from waste materials as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment. Emphasizing efficiency, reusability, and potential contributions to environmentally conscious water treatment, the findings highlight the composite's significance in addressing key challenges for the removal of toxic pollutants from the aqueous solutions. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A novel biochar-zeolite composite (BZC) material has been synthesized. Excellent removal of dyes by BZC (~95%) was achieved as compared to their counterparts The kinetic studies performed suggest a pseudo-second-order model. BZC proves to be highly effective for multiple adsorption studies. Excellent reusability showed potential as a robust adsorbent.

Effect of percentage of methanol on micellization position of mixed surfactant interaction in the absence and presence of dye

The interaction behavior of mixed surfactant-dye systems, i.e., anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cationic surfactant cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), and dye methyl orange (MO) was investigated through the allocation of micelles using conductivity measurements. Conductivity as a function of surfactant concentration was monitored to calculate the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The conductivity increased sharply as the surfactant content increased, according to the results. Moreover, the conductivity rises with temperature, whereas it falls with increased methanol (CH3OH). CH3OH-H2O mixed solvent media containing 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % of CH3OH at 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K to work out the basic micelle fixation, gives significant understanding to the arrangement of the mixed surfactants. The CMC and degree of micellar dissociation (α) of SDS with CPC increase in the CH3OH and H2O mixture. The CMC and α values are increased by increasing the temperature. Various thermodynamic parameters, i.e. Standard free energy of micellization (ΔGmo), Standard enthalpy of micellization (ΔHmo), and Standard entropy of micellization (ΔSmo) were computed in SDS-CPC without MO. ΔGmo values for SDS-CPC in the presence of MO results in micellization more probable with MO.

Aspergillus versicolor mediated biofabrication of zinc phosphate nanosheets for exploring their antimycotic activity and development of alginate-based nanocomposite for enhanced dye degradation

The production of novel, suitable, and cost-effective nanocomposites are highly required for its prospective application in the remediation of environmental pollutants and as antimycotic agents. Zinc phosphate nanosheets (ZP-ns) were fabricated by harnessing the exometabolites of Aspergillus versicolor and then incorporated within an alginate biopolymer (ZP-ns@Alg) to improve the biosorptive removal of the methyl orange (MthO) dye from its aqueous solution. For the very first time, the antimycotic activity of the green synthesized ZP-ns was unveiled. The mycelial growth inhibition was obtained in a dose-dependent manner with significant (P < 0.05) behavior compared to the control plates. The biosorption conditions using ZP-ns@Alg microbeads were optimized using the response surface methodology-based central composite design (RSM-CCD) to maximize the biosorption efficiency. The highest biosorptive efficiency was achieved at pH 4.0, biosorption dosage 0.07 g, contact time 50 min, dye concentration 100 mg/l, and shaking speed 100 rpm. The equilibrium data were more tailored to the pseudo-second order (PS) model with an R2 of 0.9955 and a Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9945) with a maximum biosorptive capacity (qmax) of 166.95 mg/g and an average RL value of 0.0003, indicating favorable biosorption. The removal capacity was reduced to ∼90 % after the 6th cycle, which is a robust signal that the developed biosorbent microbeads could be recycled and regenerated for a prolonged time. These results marked the application of ZP-ns as a novel antimycotic agent with excellent activities. Microbeads, made from low-cost biopolymers, can be applied to remediating environmental pollutants from wastewater.

Construction of Visible light Driven Z-Scheme 1D/1D p-CuBi2O4/n-CdWO4 Heterojunction Nanocomposite for Effective Degradation of Organic Pollutants

The effective separation and harnessing of photoinduced charge carriers in photocatalysis are significant challenges. The present study aims to overcome this obstacle by developing a Z-Scheme heterojunction between a p-type CuBi2O4 (CBO) and a n-type CdWO4 (CWO) through a straightforward heat treatment method. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results revealed the successful formation of heterostructures. The photocatalytic efficiency of the materials was assessed by selecting an anionic methyl orange (MO) and cationic Rhodamine-B (Rh-B) dyes under visible light irradiation. Among all the materials, 85 wt.% CBO+ 15 wt.% CWO (CBO/CWO-15) heterostructure exhibited superior photocatalytic activity (90%) corresponding to 90 and 45 times higher than the pristine CBO and CWO, respectively. The positively charged photocatalyst surface attracts a greater number of MO dye molecules than Rh-B, thereby enhancing the degradation of MO over Rh-B. The scavenger results confirmed the involvement of hydroxy ( and superoxide () radicals in the degradation of MO. The rate constant of CBO/CWO-15 (0.01061 min-1) was 64 and 39 times higher than those of CBO (0.00016 min-1) and CWO (0.00027 min-1), respectively. The photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses substantiated the improved charge separation in the CBO/CWO-15 composite, establishing the Z-scheme mechanism. Cycling experiments over four cycles demonstrated consistent stability of the CBO/CWO-15 composite. The study provides an in-detail plausible mechanism of MO degradation. This type of Z-scheme composite material has potential applications in environmental remediation for the effective removal of organic pollutants and antibiotics from wastewater.

Enhanced photocatalytic removal of methyl orange dye employing SiO2/Mn2O3 based nanocatalyst under visible light

Surface water contamination by dye pollutants is a global environmental concern. The treatment of effluent from textile waste using metal oxide-based photocatalysts is a widely employed approach owing to its efficacy and simplicity. Herein, the synthesis and fabrication of novel visible radiation receptive manganese oxide and mesoporous silica nanocomposites (Mn2O3/SiO2) is described. Surface morphology of nanocomposites using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) displayed spherical shaped agglomerated structure. The chemical composition of nanocomposites was examined by using energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis respectively indicating the presence of respective elements. Structural analysis was carried out by using XRD spectroscopy, while optical properties were evaluated by employing UV–visible spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of pure Mn2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles as well as their nanocomposites with two different ratios Mn2O3/SiO2 (1:3) and Mn2O3/SiO2 (3:1) were evaluated by using methyl orange (MO) as a model dye. The band gap energy of Mn2O3/SiO2 (1:3) and Mn2O3/SiO2 (3:1) nanocomposite was 2.39 eV and 1.69 eV respectively. The nanocomposites exhibited improved photocatalytic efficiency as compared to pure nanoparticles as a function of pH and mixing ratio. For instance, at pH 7.0, Mn2O3/SiO2 (1:3) nanocomposite has depicted maximum degradation efficiency of 68 % for degradation of MO as compared to Mn3O4/SiO2 (3:1) nanocomposite, Mn3O4 and SiO2 nanoparticles. However, at pH 2.0 Mn2O3/SiO2 (3:1) nanocomposite had shown maximum degradation efficiency of 99 % as compared to Mn2O3/SiO2 (1:3), Mn2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles. The degradation reaction followed pseudo first order kinetics. At pH 7.0, the rate constant values of nanocomposites i.e. Mn2O3/SiO2(1:3) and Mn2O3/SiO2(3:1) comes out to be 4.68 × 10−3 min−1 and 2.49 × 10−3 min−1 respectively. At pH 2.0, the rate constant values calculated for Mn2O3/SiO2(1:3) nanocomposite and Mn2O3/SiO2(3:1) nanocomposite was 4.91 × 10−3 min−1 and 1.24 × 10−2 min−1 respectively. The easy fabrication of these nanocomposites coupled with facile tuning of their properties make them suitable contenders for efficient dye degradation in wastewater treatment.

Elimination of Methyl Orange Dye with Three Dimensional Electro-Fenton and Sono-Electro-Fenton Systems Utilizing Copper Foam and Activated Carbon

Elimination of Methyl Orange Dye with Three Dimensional Electro-Fenton and Sono-Electro-Fenton Systems Utilizing Copper Foam and Activated Carbon

Methyl Orange Dye Removal by Dimethylamine Functionalized Graphene Oxide

Graphene oxide (GO) functionalized with dimethylamine (DMA) was successfully prepared using a facile technique. GO was first synthesized using the modified Hummers method, followed by chemical functionalization with DMA in the presence of an electrophilic linker, i.e., epichlorohydrin (ECH). FTIR analysis of the end product ascertains the successful synthesis of GO as well as its functionalization with DMA. Typical characteristic peaks attributed to GO and DMA are clearly discernible in the spectrum. The effect of pH, adsorbent dosage, dye concentration, and contact time towards methyl orange (MO) dye removal was studied and reported herein. In summary, enhanced adsorption of methyl orange was observed for DMA functionalized GO compared to GO alone. 90% removal was observed with 10 mg/L of MO concentration, pH = 2 at temperature 25 °C and 5 mg of adsorbent. Modelling study shows that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model provide better fitness to the experimental data.

One-step hydrothermal synthesis of ternary heterostructure stannic sulfide - bismuth sulfide - bismuth oxychloride (SnS2-Bi2S3-BiOCl) composite loaded on carbon felt for highly efficient piezocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics

The piezoelectric catalysis technique harnesses naturally occurring vibrational energy to remove organic pollutants from water in an environmentally friendly manner. In this study, a ternary heterostructure SnS2-Bi2S3-BiOCl (S-B-B) composite was successfully synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method and simultaneously deposited on the surface of carbon felt. The S-B-B heterojunction exhibits significantly enhanced piezoelectric catalytic activity compared to SnS2, Bi2S3, and BiOCl, achieving a k value of 2.26 × 10⁻² min⁻¹ and a degradation efficiency of 89.9 % towards methyl orange (MO) dye after 100 min of ultrasonic degradation. This performance is markedly superior to the individual components, with k values of 3.80 × 10⁻⁴ min⁻¹ for SnS2, 1.16 × 10⁻² min⁻¹ for BiOCl, and 1.31 × 10⁻² min⁻¹ for Bi2S3. Moreover, in addition to levofloxacin (LV), it demonstrates high removal efficiency for Congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl), and sulfanilamide (SN). Furthermore, it can be loaded onto carbon felt for use in piezoelectric catalytic degradation of dyeing wastewater, highlighting its potential for practical applications. Trapping experiments suggest that singlet oxygen non-radicals and hydroxyl radicals play a critical role in the piezocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants. Based on LC-MS results, a possible degradation pathway for MO dye is proposed. Furthermore, DFT calculations confirm electron transfer from Bi2S3 to SnS2 and BiOCl at the interfaces between SnS2/Bi2S3 and BiOCl/Bi2S3. The piezoelectric mechanism of the S-B-B composite is also elucidated, highlighting the interaction and electron dynamics within the heterostructure.

Morphology controlled fabrication of porous magnesium oxide nanostructures for the efficient elimination of methyl orange

Abstract Magnesium oxide-based adsorbents (MGO-A) with different morphologies were synthesized via the hexamethylene tetramine-assisted hydrothermal method. The role of four anions in the reaction system, chloride (Cl⁻), nitrate (NO3 ⁻), sulfate (SO4 2⁻), and acetate (C2H3O2 2⁻) was systematically investigated to determine the properties of the MgO. Standard characterization techniques were used, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and surface area and pore size interpretations. The kinetics and adsorption isotherm were studied for removal of the dye methyl orange. The dye’s rapid removal led to equilibrium being reached within 5 min. The correlation coefficient values indicate more applicability of pseudo-second-order kinetics than the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Both physisorption and chemisorption can be a pathway towards successfully removing methyl orange. The adsorption isotherm shows that the maximum capacity of the material is very high, 1,062 mg/g for MGO-A. In light of these results, it appears this material holds promise as a dye removal material.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) functionalized graphene oxide/CuO as nanocomposite for efficient removal of dye pollutants

In this research, the use of a three-component nanocomposite of graphene oxide-methyl methacrylate and copper(II) oxide (PMMA-GO-CuO) was investigated. The aim of synthesizing this nanocomposite is to removal dye pollutants, specifically methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO), which are commonly used in dyeing industries, through adsorption. The study focuses on creating GO-CuO and PMMA-GO-CuO nanocomposites as effective adsorbents. A simple and quick method led to the development of the PMMA-GO-CuO nanocomposite, which shows enhanced physical and chemical properties. Key materials include graphene oxide, methyl methacrylate, and copper(II) oxide nanoparticles. Characterization techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TGA were used to analyze the nanocomposite. Results indicate that dye adsorption is more effective at lower pH levels, suggesting that the PMMA-GO-CuO nanocomposite can efficiently remove dyes from industrial wastewater. The experimental data showed that the Langmuir isotherm model accurately represented the equilibrium adsorption, with maximum capacities of 285.71 mg g−1 for methylene blue and 256.41 mg g−1 for methyl orange, indicating a single layer of adsorption. The kinetics followed a pseudo-second order model, suggesting that the adsorption process involves chemical bonding. Additionally, thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) indicated that the adsorption is spontaneous. The adsorption mechanism involves hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and electrostatic interactions. This study investigates how factors like pH, temperature, contact time, and dye concentration affect the adsorption of methyl orange and methylene blue dyes. A PMMA-GO-CuO nanocomposite was used, achieving 84% removal of MB and 35% removal of MO from industrial wastewater. This study highlights the promising potential of PMMA-GO-CuO nanocomposite as an effective material for the removal of dye pollutants from industrial wastewater. The results showed that the graphene oxide in the composite is effective for removing cationic dyes due to its negative charge. Further research will focus on the optimization of the synthesis process with the aim of achieving competitive performance of this nanocomposite on a large scale. These findings not only advance the field of nanocomposite materials but also provide a practical solution to an important environmental issue, demonstrating the innovation of the present study in the literature.

Influence of Pd, Pt and Au nanoparticles in the photocatalytic performance of N-TiO2 support under visible light.

In this article, we report the modification and photocatalytic evaluation of commercial TiO2-P25 under visible light for methyl orange (MO) dye degradation under visible light. The activity of materials doped with N, Pd, Pt and Au on to the TiO2-P25 was evaluated, with optimal photocatalytic performance achieved using Au nanoparticles doped on an N-functionalized titania surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD), physical nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm curves, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to study the structural and textural properties of the samples. The chemical species present in the bulk and surface of the catalysts were identified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and microwave plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. The results show that Au/N-TiO2 photocatalyst presents a remarkable enhanced activity for MO dye degradation, under visible light illumination, reaching 100% after 4 h. The enhanced photocatalytic activity using this composite is attributable to the well-dispersed and small size of Au nanoparticles, large surface area, reduction of band-gap energy and the interaction between nitrogen and Au which promoted a synergistic effect. This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'Green carbon for the chemical industry of the future'.

Flower-like nickel oxide nanostructures: Superior ammonia gas sensing and efficient dye removal behavior under UV–visible light illumination

In this study, we fabricated the NiO nanostructures using a straightforward solvothermal technique. The NiO nanoparticles were characterized using various analytical techniques. The FESEM images clearly show the flower-like structure of NiO nanoparticles. These nanostructures were then employed as a sensor to detect the presence of highly toxic ammonia (NH3) gas. The flower-shaped nanostructures of NiO played a vital role in improving sensing performance. Moreover, the NiO sensor displayed rapid response to 100 ppm ammonia at room temperature, with responses/recovery times of 40 s/44 s. This research holds promise as a viable approach for effectively sensing and detecting NH3 gas. The NiO exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and degradation rates of 80% and 84.75% for Methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue dye (MB) respectively under UV-visible light irradiation. The NiO nanoflower remains unaffected after recycling MB dye degradation. This effective photocatalytic performance might be due to the formation of flower-like morphology. This underscores the potential of NiO as a promising candidate for applications in environmental and healthcare safety applications.