Methods Of Natural Sciences Research Articles

Shedding Light on Forensic Science: Public Awareness and Understanding

Forensic science is the application of scientific disciplines which are directed to the recognition, identification, individualization, and evaluation of physical evidences by the application of the principles, technology, and methods of natural sciences for the purpose of administration of criminal justice or in order to serve the law. Improved forensic investigation techniques rely heavily on raising public awareness of forensic science. The purpose of this study is to analyse the level of awareness among the community's various age groups by examining their knowledge and perception of forensic science. A survey based study was conducted over 400 adults of different age groups ranging from 18 to 45 years or above, different professions and gender. The survey questionnaire was made up in digital format using google form tool, the questionnaire was designed into two sets easy and moderate questions to ensure that participants of all age group could effectively engage and contribute their insights. The study concluded that 92% of the participants were aware of forensic science. The study, comprised of individuals aged 18 to years or above, observed that those aged 18 to 30 responded more enthusiastically and efficiently to the survey compared to individuals aged 30 and above. Younger participants had more participation and efficiency in their responses. Additionally, sex had no impact on public awareness. However, substantial differences have been observed among age, and profession. In accordance with the survey, people who are younger, employed, are more aware of forensic science. Nevertheless, it is too soon to make accurate predictions about the level of awareness, knowledge and engagement rates, as thorough nationwide surveys have yet to be undertaken. The preliminary research gives initial insights, but substantial data gathering is required to draw more definitive conclusions about public awareness and engagement levels. Launching awareness campaigns about the relevance of forensic Science is critical for creating a more informed community, lowering fears, and addressing knowledge gaps, ultimately helping the discipline and encouraging future participation.

The Knowledge Crisis of Nursing

In Norway and Denmark, the public healthcare is comprehensive, and nurses constitute a large and important part of these healthcare systems. To handle the increasing complex tasks as a nurse requires a broad range of knowledge. In resemblance to the medical profession, who aim to fight disease and maintain health, nursing is at the same time a practical and a theoretical discipline. The aim for nursing is to offer care for people who cannot care for themselves. An interpretation of human science using health- or natural science methods dominates the academic development of knowledge in nursing. In this article, we engage in a theoretical examination of knowledge within the context of nursing academia in Denmark and Norway, drawing comparisons between two prominent positions. The theoretical framework is built up from the tradition of praxeology and critical theory and used as the pervasive analytical lens. As a model to the interpretation of the two positions, we use argument analysis. The results indicate that the dominating clinical nursing science in Denmark and Norway has been a success when it comes to capacity building at hospitals within an academic research tradition similar to the tradition of the medical profession. However, this research primarily contributes with techniques and models, as it focuses on application oriented research and is eager to produce suggestions in and for practice. This is important research, but insufficient when it comes to producing theories on and about nursing practice as a scientific discipline. We argue that this lopsided academic development supports a crisis in knowledge, because it fails to provide nursing with a proper theoretical scientific base. This is needed if nursing should develop as a subject in the scientific university logic and is essential to enable professional reflexivity in order to meet the demands of contemporary nursing care.

Anarchy, Evolution, and Ethics in International Relations

Abstract Challenging the Realist claim that international anarchy produces an amoral sphere of political action, Brian C. Rathbun argues that anarchy has selected for individuals with a particular moral sense. Flipping Realist arguments around, he claims that individuals would have never survived the hardships of anarchy if they were completely amoral. Rather, morality is a precondition for survival in anarchy. But unlike Constructivists, who maintain that socially constructed norms over time have civilized international politics, Rathbun claims that a morality is part of our human nature, and thus, a material feature of the world. To substantiate his claims, Rathbun adeptly applies insights from multiple disciplines, marshalling empirical evidence generated through a variety of natural and social scientific methods.

분청사기 가마의 연대에 대한 고고지자기학적 연구

Baked earth samples were collected from 15 kilns at 9 sites among the surveyed Buncheong kiln sites. Afterwards, archaeomagnetic analysis was conducted to estimate the age of the kilns. Except for one kiln, reliable data with an error range of about 10 to 20 years were obtained. Since the margin of error is relatively narrow, the time difference between the kilns is not expected to be large, but the relative order of the Buncheong kilns was organized through the date of archaeomagnetic measurement data in this paper. The range of dates established based on archaeomagnetic measurements is from 1340 to 1410 (the early 14th to mid-15th centuries, including the error range), which is older than estimates from the late 14th to mid-15th centuries (about 1390 to 1480) based on archaeological investigations. Although some of the kilns showed little difference in archaeomagnetic and archaeological dating, many others were dated to about 50 years earlier than the archaeological survey suggested. In considering the causes of this discrepancy, the possibility of raising archaeological dating estimates by about 50 years and the possibility of age errors that can occur when dating is estimated through the Japanese standard curve were discussed. If the accumulation of archaeomagnetic data on various contemporary baked earth remains and comparison with other natural scientific dating methods are made, the archaeomagnetic data presented in this paper can be used to complete a more detailed Korean archaeomagnetic standard curve of the construction period of the Buncheong kiln.

The use of categories and methods of natural sciences in jurisprudence and political science

The authors of the present article demonstrate the inaccuracy of the idea proposed by the Vienna Circle positivists that it is necessary to extend the terminology and methods of natural sciences to political and legal studies in order for these studies to produce truly scientific knowledge, which, as suggested by these positivists, should present a set of statements formalized through the usage of mathematics. The authors contend that this theoretical approach opposes natural sciences to jurisprudence and political science and therefore are incorrect. It is the authors’ stance that social sciences, including jurisprudence and political science, as well as other areas of scientific research, explore the nature. Thus, jurisprudence and political science belong to natural sciences. Accordingly, in every area of scientific research the qualities of its results are controlled by the specifics of the sphere of nature under examination. It is this sphere that dictates a choice of categories and methods employed for this examination. These categories and methods are determined by the aforesaid specifics and, as a result, are also specific. For example, this is true not only for mathematics and physics but also for jurisprudence and political science. It is worth noting that every area of research has its own, distinctive findings or scientific results produced by means of the unique system of notions and methods, utilized in the course of the research. Spheres of nature examined within separate areas of research overlap with each other. Consequently, a given area of research may adopt categories and methods of cognition that were initially devised within another area of research. However, such an adoption should be undertaken only if it leads to the achievement of original scientific results.

Metal finds from the stone crypt in the northern part of the Pantikapaean necropolis (“Glinishche” district): a comprehensive analysis

The article is focused on the study of the alloy composition and the peculiarities of the manufacturing technique of metal objects uncovered during the excavation in the crypt in the northern part of the Panticapaeum necropolis. Based on the results of research on the details of funeral wreaths with natural science methods, it was established that they were made of gold of a fairly high standard. The use of such an alloy in the Roman period was recorded for items from the excavations at the Panticapaeum and Phanagoria necropolises. Bosporan jewellers made parts of funeral wreaths by mechanical processing: in the beginning, a metal sheet was forged, after that they cut out items of the required shape from it and applied an embossed ornament. Bronze objects found in the crypt, which were used by their owner during his lifetime, are mostly cast. They are made of pure copper, brass, tin-lead and lead-tin bronzes.

FOREST FOOD RESOURCES IN THE SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA)

According to the “Ecosystem Services of Russia” Prototype of National Report (2016), data on terrestrial ecosystem resources in Russia are fragmented. The purpose of this work is to fill the existing gaps in the knowledge of the biodiversity of plant species and the sustainability of traditional food systems across the economic zones of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Materials and methods. Although the range of edible plants in Yakutia counts more than 100 species, only nine species of berries, eight species of mushrooms, and three species of other food plants were classified as resource-significant based on the consolidated archive materials of the IBPC at FRC YaSC SB RAS and the results of the field studies carried out in 2002-2019. This list of twenty species was tested via a socio-economic survey undertaken as part of the RISE project in 2021-2023. The study was conducted with the permission of the local biomedical ethics committee of the Medical Institute of the North-Eastern Federal University. Each participant signed an informed consent form to be surveyed, according to the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, which regulates the research involving human subjects. The study embraced 400 rural households. Results. The data on biological stocks of resource-significant food species of Yakutia’s forests were presented based on the consolidated archive materials and results of the field studies undertaken by the IBPC at FRC YaSC SB RAS. Coupled research methods of natural and social sciences were used to produce the estimates of the economic reserves of berries and mushrooms across economic zones of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and the volumes of their harvesting by rural households and the population of the region in general. Conclusion. Social methods have proven reliable for studying biodiversity in a large-sized region. They allow to fill the gaps in the databases built on the results of field studies, particularly in terms of popularity and, accordingly, the prevalence of certain food species. The higher productivity and diversity of flora in Southern Yakutia were confirmed compared to the Arctic and other economic zones. Funding. The reported study was performed under the e-Asia Climate Call and funded by RFBR, project number 21-55-70104, and project VI.52.1.8. “Theoretical and applied aspects of investigation the diversity of the vegetation of Northern and Central Yakutia (East Siberia)” 0376-2016-0001; registration number АААА-А17-117020110056-0.

The Current Situation, Characteristics and Prospects of the Research on Tennis Theme Literature in China from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the function of artificial intelligence to help the high-quality development of sports is increasingly visible, and the continuous, comprehensive and deep integration of artificial intelligence and sports will be an inevitable trend. This paper summarized and analyzed the characteristics of the tennis research theme literature published in the core journals of China from 2012 to 2022 by using the methods of literature and logical induction. The results show that, in the past 10 years, there are problems such as insufficient use of artificial intelligence in technical and tactical statistical analysis, insufficient use in tennis professionalization research, lack of artificial intelligence perspectives in tennis tournament research, and shortage of artificial intelligence use in tennis psychology research. In the future, scientific research on tennis in China should rely on scientific and technological means such as 5G technology, big data technology, computer vision and intelligent wearable devices. etc, cross integrate multidisciplinary knowledge, accurately locate the physical fitness weaknesses of Chinese tennis players, focus on building an intelligent measurement system for tennis players, and scientifically develop a big data platform for tennis skills and tactics; And guided by practical problems, we should focus on exploring intelligent wearable devices suitable for tennis sports programs, and integrating computer vision technology with intelligent wearable devices to achieve complementary advantages and enhance the accuracy and credibility of data collection. And use natural science methods to conduct quantitative analysis to provide scientific solutions for the development of tennis.

The history of the formation and development of teaching methods in biological education of schoolchildren (before the XX century)

In pedagogical activity, an important role in the formation of professional qualities of a school teacher is played by the development of teaching methods for a particular subject. Realizing this importance, we use the experience of other teachers, methodologists, and scientists. Studying and analyzing their works, we turn to the history of the formation and development of teaching methods. This article focuses on conducting a historical review of the development of teaching methods in the biological education of schoolchildren. On the basis of a historical retrospective, the main works of prominent biological educators are presented, their contribution to the development of methods of teaching natural science and biology is described. The main external and internal factors that influenced the educational process are presented. In particular, the attitude of the state authorities to natural science education. The article considers the main variants of the periodization of the history of the formation and development of the methodology of teaching biology and biological education in the national school; the characteristics of individual periods and teaching methods prevailing at the moment are given; Indications are made on the use of certain methods of teaching biology in modern education. Based on the stated research topic, information is provided reflecting the development of biology teaching methods only up to the 20th century.

Matching Patients to Accelerate Clinical Trials (MPACT): Enabling Technology for Oncology Clinical Trial Workflow.

Clinical trial enrollment is impeded by the significant time burden placed on research coordinators screening eligible patients. With 50,000 new cancer cases every year, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has made increased access for Veterans to high-quality clinical trials a priority. To aid in this effort, we worked with research coordinators to build the MPACT (Matching Patients to Accelerate Clinical Trials) platform with a goal of improving efficiency in the screening process. MPACT supports both a trial prescreening workflow and a screening workflow, employing Natural Language Processing and Data Science methods to produce reliable phenotypes of trial eligibility criteria. MPACT also has a functionality to track a patient's eligibility status over time. Qualitative feedback has been promising with users reporting a reduction in time spent on identifying eligible patients.

Faience Art Item’s Stylistic Analysis in the Context of Its Complex Investigation (As Exemplified by a 19th Century Tureen)

Awareness of the importance of studying faience art industry of the 19th century reveals itself in the increasing researchers’ attention to this material. In this regard, a faience tureen with overglaze monochrome painting applied by transfer printing technique produced by the Creil factory (France) aroused interest. Stylistic analysis and the search for analogues allowed to confirm production place and time of the item, to assess its artistic merits, to identify the pictorial sources of its decoration, and to analyze features of transferring a two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional ceramic surface using the transfer printing technique. Revealing the sources of pictorial decoration on ceramic objects is recognized as a valuable result of art history research, since the question of relationship between pictorial motifs on ceramic art items and contemporary graphics is not elaborated enough both in Russian and foreign art history. For the same reason, investigation on the issues of adapting a two-dimensional original image to a curved shape, i. e. of coordinating the shape and decoration of a ceramic item, are also valuable: these aspects are also presented extremely scarcely in art historical studies. Stylistic analysis is not sufficient very often for attributing ceramic art objects; therefore, other research methods such as archival heuristics and expertise using natural science methods are often involved for this purpose. Both archival documents and production casts and molds of the Creil factory have been lost. The shape and size of the object are difficult for instrumental study. Under such conditions, stylistic analysis turns out to be the leading method for studying items of the kind. Realizing all the limitations of this method, we demonstrate its capabilities where the use of others is significantly difficult or impossible.

«ТЕРПЕНИЕ, С КОТОРЫМ НАДЛЕЖИТ ПРИСВАИВАТЬ РЕЛИКВИИ»: О НЕКОТОРЫХ СЮЖЕТАХ В ИСТОРИИ КУЛЬТА СВ. ЦЕЗАРИЯ АРЕЛАТСКОГО

This article systematises the evidence from various sources on the cult of St Cesarius, bishop of Arles (502-543). During the late Antiquity he was one of the main figures in the Church of Southern Gaul. Cesarius' cult had the potential to extend beyond Provence: the bishop was known as a wonder-worker not only in Arles, his sermons were popular in various parts of Europe, his status as the first papal vicar in Gaul could become an argument in foreign policy for Frankish kings and the papacy. For the first time in the West, Caesarius developed a Rule specifically for the ascetic community of women («The Rule for Virgins») and may have laid the foundations of the normative tradition of medieval female monasticism. However, the potential opportunities were never realized, and the cult of Caesarius remained local. Among the reasons are the following: the inconsistency of the bishop with the hagiographic model that prevailed in late Antiquity, the unacceptability for the Merovingians of his position in relation to the Arian kings, the burial of the saint away from the tombs of the martyrs, the peripheral status of Provence in the vast Frankish state. At the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, an unexpected surge of interest in the bishop's relics was caused by the restoration of his funeral vestments. The natural science methods used in the study of sacred objects made it possible to make important observations in the field of material culture. Several museum exhibitions outlined the range of objects associated with the name of the bishop, archival work made it possible to clarify its history. These events have become a kind of «appropriation of relics» by Caesarius of Arles by means of the age of high technology. As a result, the bishop is now perhaps a more famous person than during the 1500 yea rs that have passed since his death.

The relation between biodiversity in literature and social and spatial situation of authors: Reflections on the nature–culture entanglement

Abstract Understanding the nature–culture entanglement by combining the methods of natural sciences and humanities is little approached in neither of the fields. With a specific combination of methods from both digital humanities and ecology, we aimed at identifying several of people's life circumstances that relate to their individual sensitivity towards biodiversity. The circumstances with a strong correlation could be considered and targeted by decision‐makers, for example by developing specific education programmes for making people more eco‐conscious or adjusting relevant regulations. We applied machine learning techniques onto a database including information about the frequency of biodiversity mentioned in creative literature (BiL) from 1705 to 1969 as response variable related to metadata about the corresponding works and their authors as predictors, including localisation, age, gender and literature genre. The algorithm determined the response's dependency on each predictor, which can be interpreted as the intensity of this particular sensitivity parameter for biodiversity, and which we also related to time. We recognised that gender, age, region and settlement size are predictors significantly correlated to BiL. Statistically, these predictors can be viewed as starting points of the eventual individual level of awareness for biodiversity. For example, authors from villages exhibit a higher BiL than those from cities, which we interpret as a signal for the dependence of awareness for biodiversity on spatial distance from nature, which in turn can be addressed in urban development. Our conclusion is that applying a machine learning technique on literary data yields meaningful results, thereby showing potential for further similar investigations and the combination of methods from natural sciences and humanities to achieve so far unattainable insights. With our study, these insights could contribute to ecologically based decision‐making processes. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

“Turkish” Tobacco Pipes: History of Study

Introduction. The article is devoted to the history of the study of “Turkish” clay tobacco pipes. It is an actively developing direction in archaeological science. For about fifty years, “Turkish” tobacco pipes have regularly been the subject of research by scientists from various countries. However, the history of their study has not yet become a special subject of research. Methods of research. The study used methods to identify commonalities and differences between individual studies on the problem in question. All the references considered in the publication are arranged in chronological order and reflect the evolution of the researchers’ views; separate lines of research on tobacco pipes are distinguished. Analysis. From the late 1960s to the late 1980s, the foundations were laid for the study of “Turkish” tobacco pipes. The works created during this period are still the basis on which all researchers rely. The next stage in the study of the pipes was in the 1990s. At that time, the data on the dating of the pipes were clarified, special research using natural scientific methods was carried out for the first time, written sources were involved, the historical names of some types of pipes were restored, and the distinguishing features of local copies from the Turkish originals were analyzed. In the 2000’s and 2010’s, the attention of researchers turned to individual problems of studying pipes, such as stamps and ornamentation, images of smoking pipes on works of art, and analysis of written sources on the history of tobacco smoking. In addition, large monographs with detailed catalogs of “Turkish” tobacco pipes were created for the first time. Results. Many issues still remain unresolved in the available literature: only a few of the production centers have been identified, only a small portion of the masters’ marks have been read, and most of the dating covers broad periods and needs to be clarified.

Бенедетто Кроче. Вопрос о методе в истории философии

This publication presents a translation into Russian of Benedetto Croce’s essay from one of his later books “Philosophy and Historiography”. Here he raises the question of how the historian of philosophy should interpret those moments when the reasoning of a philosopher who is being studied is accidentally or deliberately not cleared up by him, or its development stops at a certain point. Considering the possible reasons for this, Croce touches on several themes to which his earlier writings were devoted and to which he returned throughout his scholarly life. Thus, he draws attention to the contradiction in the theory of knowledge of G. Vico, which consists in the application of the principle of verum-factum not only to history, but also to the mathematical sciences: on the one hand, only God can achieve truth in knowledge of nature, since he created nature, and on the other hand, truth in mathematics is available to man, since he “creates” mathematical elements and operations, and with them the method of natural science. Croce also points as an example to one of the contradictions in Hegel’s philosophy of nature, which consists in the confusion of empirical and speculative methods. It led to the endowment of the natural sciences with the status of “semi-philosophy”, to the untrue application of dialectics to the facts and concepts of the natural sciences. Convinced that the verum-factum formula can be combined with the teaching of absolute spiritualism, Croce warns against attributing such a connection to Vico himself, as this would mean incorporating later experience and a state of knowledge into his theory.

Comparative Analysis of The Results of Studying Fabrics of Knidian Amphorae by Various Natural-Scientific Methods

Comparative Analysis of The Results of Studying Fabrics of Knidian Amphorae by Various Natural-Scientific Methods

Improving Natural Science Learning Outcomes on the Topic of the Human Excretory System through Contextual Learning of Modeling Techniques for Grade VIII Students of SMP

The objectives in this study were: 1) to improve learning activities in Natural Sciences in class VIII B students of SMP Warga Surakarta, 2) to improve learning outcomes, especially learning outcomes in Natural Sciences through contextual learning methods modeling techniques about the Human Excretory System in class VIII B students of SMP Warga Surakarta. The method used is action research method. The research was conducted on class VIII B students of SMP Warga Surakarta in the 2022/2023 academic year, as many as 27 students consisting of 13 boys and 14 girls. The data collection techniques were carried out by observing student and teacher activities, tests, partner teacher responses, and monitoring classroom observations. From the assessment test of Natural Science learning outcomes for each cycle of class action always increases, namely; the percentage of pre-cycle KKM achievement is 29.62%, cycle I is 44.44% and in cycle II it becomes 100%. Based on student responses in the implementation of learning using modeling techniques, it becomes more fun, easier to understand, makes students want to be more active and creative, students can find or interpret more freely, and is not confusing. So that by using the modeling method in learning Natural Sciences can help students in increasing activity and learning outcomes in Natural Sciences.

USE OF INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES OF COLLECTIVE AND GROUP LEARNING (ON THE EXAMPLES OF STUDYING SCHOOL COURSES OF GEOGRAPHY AND NATURAL SCIENCE «GETTING TO KNOW NATURE»)

The standards of modern education set before every teacher the task of forming a person of a new generation – creative, active, proactive, one who uses innovative approaches in solving problem situations.The concept of the New Ukrainian School puts forward new requirements for the organization of education for those seeking education. It is possible to implement this work only when each student performs his educational process as effectively as possible. Traditional methods of education aimed at improving the information system of education do not provide the opportunity to fully reveal the inner creative and intellectual potential of each person, because it continues to be dominated by the traditional psychological and informational approach, which is aimed at developing memorization skills, rather than thinking and acting, and not the development of all psychological processes of the individual, which he should involve in the learning process.The article highlights the problems of using interactive learning technologies in the school natural science course “Getting to Know Nature”. Interactive technologies of collective and group learning (“microphone”, “unfinished sentences”, “brainstorming”, “teaching – learning”, “openwork saw”, “situation analysis are considered”), “decision tree” and others.It is noted that such an organization of training creates a special educational environment for personality development. Through mutual learning, experience in solving problems based on its theoretical understanding and application is acquired.
 Keywords: method of teaching natural science; interactive educational technologies; “microphone”; “unfinished sentences”; “brainstorming”; “teaching – learning”; “openwork saw”; “situation analysis”; “decision tree”.

NEW SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRENDS OF THE MODERN WORLD

The article discusses the main problems associated with the process of collecting information and evaluating it, from the point of view of truthfulness, representativeness, etc. So, due to the obtained sociological data, the most important economic and political decisions should be made at the level of the leadership of the country, region, organization. This article calls on sociologists and economists to analyze the existing domestic and foreign experience (including the Soviet period) of obtaining sociological information in new conditions and to propose effective mechanisms and methods of its processing in the new conditions of the modern world. The new conditions are understood as the processes of digitalization and the onset of a new socio-economic stage - the fourth industrial revolution, as a result of which previously effective tools and sources of statistical and sociological information do not allow obtaining reliable information. The authors believe that it is necessary to revise the theoretical and practical basis of sociological research, relying, first of all, on the modern perspective of the problem of the Durkheim method, which showed that the pure natural science method cannot be applied, because the subject-researcher influences the object of sociological research. In a new way in modern conditions, it is necessary to consider the principle of representativeness of Dr. George Gallup, developed by him in the middle of the last century, when he gave convincing results. But the world is changing, and scientific approaches to conducting research should also adapt, taking into account, in particular, when conducting sociological studies of electoral behavior. This article is the first in a series of a whole series of publications calling on sociologists, economists, marketers to jointly adapt sociological methods to the conditions of a changing world.

METHODS OF THE FRACTAL APPROACH IN SCIENCE EDUCATION: INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER MODELING

Formulation of the problem. At the present stage of the development of science education and information technology, their integration, complementarity, and implementation are essential. Therefore, the search for methods of teaching natural sciences, based on the principles of self-organization and computer modeling, corresponds to the immediate tasks of the present. Materials and methods. Methods of comparative analysis, computer modeling, and generalization strategy are used. The study is based on the physics course content and the use of the programming language. Results. An innovative fractal approach to the teaching of physical and mathematical disciplines is proposed as a method of improving independent and creative computer modeling of natural phenomena. The fundamental principles of object-oriented programming (encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism) have proven to be influential in shaping the physical and mathematical aspects of the information architecture of the perception of educational disciplines. The possibility of using this approach in other sections of physics is demonstrated. The developed iterations of the fractal structure are presented in the example of the study of the "Geometric Optics" and "Wave Optics" sections of physics. It is shown that each iteration is characterized by synergy: the addition of a new iteration provides a high-quality and in-depth perception of new information. Conclusions. The formation of the specified integrated fractal structure conditions the integrity of information perception and its formation happens intuitively. The analysis of the conducted studies confirmed the innovativeness and effectiveness of the fractal approach. This approach can be used to develop systems for the processing and transmission of information, intelligent information materials, and artificial intelligence.