Goal-setting Methods Research Articles

Effect of Goal Setting on Psychological State and Swimming Performance in Competitive Swimming

The aim of this study was to study the effect of setting a personal goal to achieve on psychological parameters (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence) and on the chronometric performance of 50m butterfly in young swimmers. aged between 12 and 13 years old during the 2019/2020 sports season. The population was divided into three groups, the first group1 (G1) underwent competition preparation without a set goal (method1), the second group2 (G2) was oriented towards a vague goal “Do your best” (method2) , whereas, the third group was asked to respond to a difficult-to-achieve goal according to a goal-setting interval (GBI) (method3). The results indicate that method 1 and method 3 increased the level of cognitive and somatic anxiety in swimmers in these two groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the self-confidence score was low in group 1 compared to the other two groups. Our results also show that chronometric performance was improved (p < 0.05) better by method 3 than by method 2, while performance remained unchanged in group 1. The difficult goal setting by IFB improved the chronometric performance, but at the same time increased the values of cognitive and somatic anxiety, for this reason the mental trainers and the technical staff were invited to develop associated mental preparation models to this method of goal setting to help swimmers psychologically.

Combined repetitive facilitative exercise under continuous neuromuscular electrical stimulation and task-oriented training for hemiplegic upper extremity during convalescent phase after stroke: before-and-after feasibility trial.

Whereas repetitive facilitative exercise (RFE) affects primarily recovery of motor impairment after stroke, task-oriented training (TOT) focuses on facilitating daily use of the affected upper extremity. However, feasibility of combined RFE and TOT has not been reported. We originated "task-oriented RFE," as a new combination therapy for patients with hemiplegic upper extremity after subacute stroke, to examine its feasibility in convalescent rehabilitation wards. This is a before-and-after pilot study. Eight patients with hemiplegic upper extremity after subacute stroke received the task-oriented RFE program for 6 weeks at 80 min per day (20-60 min of TOT applied after 60-20 min of RFE under continuous neuromuscular electrical stimulation) in a convalescent rehabilitation ward. In the current program, we introduced the Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice (ADOC) iPad application as a goal-setting method for determining tasks. Feasibility was assessed with adherence to the protocol, adverse events in response to the intervention, and preliminary efficacy. Motor functions, amount of use and quality of movement in the hemiparetic upper extremity, and satisfaction of the patients were evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), the motor activity log (MAL) for the amount of use (AOU) and quality of movement (QOM) of the paralyzed hand, and ADOC. All participants accomplished the program, which was implemented as originally planned; neither nonattendance nor an adverse event occurred during the study. Favorable outcomes were obtained with all measures; mean changes in FMA, ARAT in the dominant hand, MAL-AOU, and MAL-QOM were greater than minimal clinically important differences. Mean changes in ADOC were greater than the minimal detectable change. The task-oriented RFE program was safe, well-tolerated, beneficial, and feasible within 80 min a day of occupational therapy, which means also within the procedural constraints of the Japanese health insurance system during the convalescent phase. Future studies are warranted to examine whether combined RFE and TOT enhances the efficacies of each program alone.

Strategic analysis of mining and metallurgical companies: consideration of socio-environmental factors

The strategic development of mining and metallurgical companies is currently largely related to the development of social policy and maintaining high responsibility of the business towards its employees and ecosystems. The strategic goals of companies should be aimed at the environmental modernization of production, ensuring, among other things, the reduction of emissions of harmful substances and greenhouse gases. The development of low-carbon technologies, compliance with modern environmental requirements, and the achievement of a high level of social responsibility are both areas of strategic development and opportunities for the formation of new competitive advantages. The purpose of the work is to adapt the methods of strategic analysis to modern environmental and social trends to set the current strategic goals of mining and metallurgical companies in terms of increasing attention to the social responsibility of business and the implementation of green production and low-carbon development. The study substantiates the increasing role of environmental and social factors of sustainable development in the activities of mining and metallurgical companies. Using MMC Norilsk Nickel as an example, the main environmental-oriented areas of the company’s development are identified, and the issues of social policy are also reflected. An algorithm of strategic analysis for the specifics of mining and metallurgical companies is proposed, suggesting the use of classical methods of strategic analysis and goal setting with the use of VRIO-analysis methodology, which in turn will allow to identify sustainable competitive advantages associated with the achievement of environmental and climatic objectives and increased social responsibility.

AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON GOAL SETTING AND INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION WITHIN REABLEMENT PROGRAMS

Abstract Over the last two decades, reablement has been studied and implemented in more than 16 countries. It is a person-centred approach aiming to enhance individuals’ (physical) functioning and increase or maintain their independence in meaningful activities. Goal setting and interdisciplinary collaboration are identified as important key elements of reablement. Due to limited intervention descriptions in the scientific literature, it is not clear how these two elements are applied in practice. This hinders the uptake of reablement services among healthcare care providers on national and international level. This study aimed to provide insight into: (1) goal setting; and (2) interdisciplinary collaboration within reablement programs. Therefore, a qualitative study in Norway and the Netherlands was conducted. In both countries, reablement staff (n=14) was interviewed. Data was analysed using both deductive and inductive content analysis. To increase rigor in terms of credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability; member checking, uniform data collection methods, note-taking, and direct quotations were used to analyse and present the data in this study. These focus groups resulted in, on the one hand, a clear overview of procedures regarding goal setting, treatment and evaluation methods, and on the other hand, valuable insights into staff experiences regarding interdisciplinary collaboration. In addition, facilitators and barriers for the implementation of goal setting and interdisciplinary collaboration in reablement programs were identified. This study resulted in valuable knowledge for healthcare providers to effectively implement reablement in practice.

Ensuring competitiveness in the XXI century: development of organizational skills in the conditions of the Internet economy

The relevance of this study is related to the ongoing changes in the general context and the need to study the sources of competitive advantage in the XXI century. The systematization of goal-setting methods as criteria for the quality of management and the development of organizational abilities is of particular importance in the context of the formation of the Internet economy. To prepare this publication, the works of domestic and foreign scientists and practitioners were used as a theoretical basis. The main method of research is the analysis of sources that reveal the practical features of the development of organizational abilities in the conditions of the formation of the information society. It is revealed that ensuring competitiveness based on organizational abilities correlates with the formation of more innovative development mechanisms. It is noted that the traditional thinking of management can lead to a mismatch of the strategy of the organization and its environment, making it difficult to implement the strategic process.In conclusion, the article presents the main results and formulates brief conclusions of the study, emphasizing the importance of continuing the study of management practices of the XXI century.

INCOG 2.0 Guidelines for Cognitive Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Brain Injury: What's Changed From 2014 to Now?

INCOG 2.0 Guidelines for Cognitive Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Brain Injury: What's Changed From 2014 to Now?

Goal Setting Technologies in Time Management: Essential Characteristics

It has been established that the categorical apparatus of domestic time management is currently at the stage of formation. It was found that the use of time management tools is important for a modern competitive specialist. It helps to increase the effectiveness of self-management, own activities, self-discipline, and to form one’s own authority. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the concepts of “time management”, “goal setting”. Also its goal is to determine the possibilities of goal setting technologies for the personal development of future specialists. When defining the research problem such methods were used as analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, theoretical methods related to the study of time management in scientific pedagogical and management literature, periodicals. Information was searched in scientometric databases Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, Research Gate. The results and discussion. The essence of the concept of “time management” is revealed. It is the main component of the personal efficiency system of a specialist. It combines the ability to use practical methods of goal setting, time planning, decision-making and control over the performance of assigned tasks. Special attention is focused on goal setting as a structural component of strategic management in the overall time management system. It has been established that the mechanism of forming the efficiency and competitiveness of the future specialist of socionomic professions is the use of modern time management tools. It includes goal-setting technologies. Conclusions. The author suggests the definition of goal-setting as the primary phase of management, development and decision-making. It involves setting a general goal and a set of goals in accordance with the essence and nature of the personality’s problems to be solved, its strategic attitudes. The popular goal-setting technologies are described. They include the SMART goal-setting technology, the project goal-setting system according to H. Arkhanhelskyi, and the standard goal-setting strategy. The algorithm of these technologies is presented.

A values-based approach to goal setting in neuro-rehabilitation following severe brain injury: An audit of service development

BackgroundA patient-centred, values-based goal setting pathway was launched on a level 1 neuro-rehabilitation service to create a holistic process that adhere to national guidelines, promotes interdisciplinary goal-focused rehabilitation and makes rehabilitation of personal value to patients.MethodsA service audit was completed following implementation and provision of training. The audit was separated into neuro-rehabilitation versus Prolonged Disorder of Consciousness (PDoC) assessment. Surveys and interviews were completed with staff and service users to elicit their views.ResultsA global improvement in adherence to goal setting processes was seen, however, less adherence was noted with PDoC patients. Staff reported increased confidence in goal setting, but had ongoing challenges in PDoC patient scenarios. All service users provided positive feedback.ConclusionThis approach appears to be acceptable and meaningful to service users and an appropriate method of goal setting in rehabilitation after severe acquired brain injury, with more exploration needed in PDoC groups.

METODS OF MOTIVATION AND GOAL SETTING AS IMPORTANT COMPONENTS SUCCESSFUL LEARNING PROCESS

The article describes the methods of motivation and goal setting, which are important components of modern linguodidactic tools for learning the Ukrainian language, and the necessary components for achieving the effectiveness of the learning process of students. Linguodidactic tools are the activity basis of the educational process, which is a clearly defined and methodically perfectly constructed system of forms, methods, techniques, and teaching aids. The purpose of the article is to characterize the essence and features of the methods of motivation and goal setting of the Ukrainian language lesson and to design ways to implement them in modern learning conditions. Methods of motivation, goal setting, and reflection are common in all types of training sessions. Methods of acquiring knowledge, developing skills, and gaining experience are specific because they are determined by the didactic purpose of the lesson, the appropriate type, so in this regard are divided into theoretical and practical methods of forming speech, language, and communicative competencies. Motive causes and stimulates the desire of the individual for a specific goal. Learning motives motivate the student to do his own active cognitive activity. It depends on the motives of learning, what and how he comprehends, assimilates, masters; productivity and quality of competence. Methods of motivation as the initial ways of interpersonal interaction between teacher and student ensure the success of the learning process, stimulate and encourage all participants in the learning process to be active. Objectives as perfectly predictable results of language learning provide direction and regulation of the activities of teachers and students, are the basis for determining the content of the lesson, the choice of forms, methods, techniques, and teaching aids. The goal is what the individual wants to achieve, and the goal is what he is trying to achieve. Methods of goal setting involve a conscious choice of learning goals and the creation of a taxonomy of personal goals.
 Keywords: linguodidactic tools; teaching methods; motive; motivation; motivation methods; goal; goal setting; goal setting methods.

Goal setting for people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia in rehabilitation: A scoping review.

Goal setting is an integral part of the rehabilitation process and assists occupational therapists to target therapy towards achieving meaningful outcomes. People with mild cognitive impairment or dementia may experience barriers participating in goal setting due to preconceptions that the person cannot participate owing to changes in both cognitive and communicative abilities. The aim of this review was to identify goal setting approaches, common goals identified, and enablers and barriers to goal setting for people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia participating in specific rehabilitation programmes. Four electronic databases were searched in April 2020 for English language articles that described goal setting processes during a rehabilitation programme for people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Studies of all designs were included. Two authors screened citations and full text articles. Data were extracted, synthesised, and presented narratively. Twenty-seven studies met the eligibility criteria. Both structured and nonstructured goal setting methods were used with common tools including the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, the Bangor Goal Setting Interview and Goal Attainment Scaling. The nature of goals tended to depend on the scope of the rehabilitation programme in which the person was involved. Goal setting was more difficult for people with more advanced symptoms of dementia and when staff lacked skills and experience working with people with dementia. Use of a structured approach to goal setting, establishment of therapeutic rapport, individualisation of goals, and family involvement were reported to be beneficial. Collaborative goal setting is a foundation of rehabilitation for people with dementia and should not be avoided due to preconceptions that the person cannot participate. Results suggests that occupational therapists can use a number of strategies to maximise participation and engagement and play a pivotal role in upskilling staff to enable effective goal setting for people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia.

INVESTIGATING THE COMPONENTS OF OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION IN EFL CLASSROOM: A LESSON PLAN ANALYSIS

This study aimed to investigate the implementation of Outcome-Based Education (OBE) to teach English in a vocational school. This study is qualitative with document analysis. The data were taken from four-session English lesson plans from a vocational school, observation, interview, and library research. The results showed the crucial impact of OBE to ensure the learning outcome, especially in a vocational school. OBE is expected to answer the education challenge in the 21st century to provide students with the required skills and competency. The area of analysis covers three areas: objectives, teaching materials, and assessment. It is recommended that teachers construct concrete materials and action in the viewpoint that the English skills taught can be used in the students' lives in the upcoming time in their future job related to the expertise in accounting. Finally, this study has important implications for accomplishing the framework for the practice and methods of goal setting, classroom activities, and assessment and evaluation of student's performance based on the OBE framework.

ПОСТАНОВКА ЦЕЛИ И ЕЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЕ КАК КРИТЕРИЙ НАУЧНОСТИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОБЛАСТИ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ПРАВА

Introduction: the article deals with the methodological problem of the meaning of the goal of civil law research. The author analyzes the dissertation abstracts from the point of view of goal setting, which were completed in different periods of the development of Russian civil law science, identifies the qualitative characteristics of the stages, and proves the connection of the achieved results with the researcher’s knowledge of the methodological methods of goal setting. Purpose: to show the value of goal setting in scientific research in general and in civil research in particular; to consider the relationship of goal setting with the achievement of specific scientific results on the examples of dissertations defended in the specialty 12.00.03; to justify the need to set as goals the fundamental problems associated with the identification of patterns of development of relations that are part of the subject of civil law regulation and the creation of effective mechanisms that mediate them. Methods: system-structural, system-functional, generalization, abstraction, analogy, logical, statistical, classification, legal modeling, comparative legal, forecasting, formal legal, historical. Results: civil methodology should take into account the importance of the goal in the organization of scientific work. Only a competent possession of goal setting skills can ultimately ensure the creation of scientifically-based mechanisms for effective impact of civil law norms on regulated social relations. Conclusions: 1) any science, including the science of civil law, is not only designed to study and describe existing problems, including legislative, doctrinal, and law enforcement. Research, in order to meet the criterion of scientific character, must attempt to identify the laws of development, both regulated relations and mechanisms that mediate them; 2) the significance of the goal in the development of science has been proven by outstanding philosophers. In addition, the very definition of science indicates that goal setting is one of its essential characteristics; 3) the analysis of the author’s abstracts of leading Russian tsivilists showed how the skilful setting of research goals helped to achieve them consistently, as well as to create a high-quality categorical apparatus of civil law science; 4) the analysis of modern dissertations showed that not all young researchers see the value of goal-setting and this methodological disadvantage is important for the author to eliminate.

Sustainable and harmonious development of the personality in the context of implementation of the concept of pedagogical facilitation

In the article, the author presents the results of research on sustainable and harmonious development of personality in the context of implementation of the concept of pedagogical facilitation. The author's concept of pedagogical facilitation, based on K. Rogers’ theory, has been implemented over years at the Ural State University of Economics. In this article, the author considers her own experience of applying the methods of goal setting, which contribute to the sustainable and harmonious development of the personality. In the context of implementation of the concept of pedagogical facilitation, self-actualization of the individual is carried out, the life scenario is developed, in which priority goals, and ways of achieving them are identified. The obtained result of the study confirms that personal, professional and social goal setting is an important factor of sustainable and harmonious development of the personality in an unstable and constantly changing environment.

Analysis of the Badminton Teaching Method of Goal Setting in College Based on Computer Technology

"All-round development and personality cultivation" is the main theme of future education development, and it is also the new requirement of the state for physical education work. In order to meet the needs of students of different levels and the development of computers, the teaching of badminton in colleges and universities should be reformed. The establishment of teaching objectives is the most important task in PE teaching, and also has important theoretical and practical significance for the individualized and diversified teaching of students. This paper simply introduces the concept of goal setting method, mainly for goal setting teaching method in badminton teaching in colleges and universities to carry out the effect are analyzed. Finally set the target teaching method in badminton teaching in colleges and universities use the problems put forward some constructive suggestions based on computer technology, in order to promote college badminton teaching reform, improve the effect of badminton teaching, cultivate students badminton interest in pushing their all-round development.

Retraction: Analysis of the Badminton Teaching Method of Goal Setting in College Based on Computer Technology (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1648 032080)

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an allegation that raises concerns this article may have been created, manipulated, and/or sold by a commercial entity. In addition, IOP Publishing has seen no evidence that reliable peer review was conducted on this article, despite the clear standards expected of and communicated to conference organisers. The authors of the article have been given opportunity to present evidence that they were the original and genuine creators of the work, however at the time of publication of this notice, IOP Publishing has not received any response. IOP Publishing has analysed the article and agrees there are enough indicators to cause serious doubts over the legitimacy of the work and agree this article should be retracted. The authors are encouraged to contact IOP Publishing Limited if they have any comments on this retraction. Retraction published: 16 September 2022

Facilitators and \u201cdeal breakers\u201d: a mixed methods study investigating implementation of the Goal setting and action planning (G-AP) framework in community rehabilitation teams

BackgroundHigh quality goal setting in stroke rehabilitation is vital, but challenging to deliver. The G-AP framework (including staff training and a stroke survivor held G-AP record) guides patient centred goal setting with stroke survivors in community rehabilitation teams. We found G-AP was acceptable, feasible to deliver and clinically useful in one team. The aim of this study was to conduct a mixed methods investigation of G-AP implementation in diverse community teams prior to a large-scale evaluation.MethodsWe approached Scottish community rehabilitation teams to take part. Following training, G-AP was delivered to stroke survivors within participating teams for 6 months. We investigated staff experiences of G-AP training and its implementation using focus groups and a training questionnaire. We investigated fidelity of G-AP delivery through case note review. Focus group data were analysed using a Framework approach; identified themes were mapped into Normalisation Process Theory constructs. Questionnaire and case note data were analysed descriptively.ResultsWe recruited three teams comprising 55 rehabilitation staff. Almost all staff (93%, 51/55) participated in G-AP training; of those, 80% (n = 41/51) completed the training questionnaire. Training was rated as ‘good’ or ‘very good’ by almost all staff (92%, n = 37/41). G-AP was broadly implemented as intended in two teams. Implementation facilitators included - G-AP ‘made sense’; repetitive use of G-AP in practice; flexible G-AP delivery and positive staff appraisals of G-AP impact. G-AP failed to gain traction in the third team. Implementation barriers included - delays between G-AP training and implementation; limited leadership engagement; a poor ‘fit’ between G-AP and the team organisational structure and simultaneous delivery of other goal setting methods. Staff recommended (i) development of training to include implementation planning; (ii) ongoing local implementation review and tailoring, and (iii) development of electronic and aphasia friendly G-AP records.ConclusionsThe interaction between G-AP and the practice setting is critical to implementation success or failure. Whilst facilitators support implementation success, barriers can collectively act as implementation “deal breakers”. Local G-AP implementation efforts should be planned, monitored and tailored. These insights can inform implementation of other complex interventions in community rehabilitation settings.

A Structured Goal-Setting Process to Promote Functional and Measurable Outcomes in School-Based Physical Therapy: A Knowledge Translation Study.

Goal setting is an important component of school-based physical therapy; however, evidence suggests that therapists may not consistently write goals that are relevant, context specific, and measurable. The aims of this knowledge translation study were to evaluate implementation of a goal-setting method for school-based therapists. This study was created to align with the Knowledge to Action framework and included 1-day training and follow-up mentorship. Goals were assessed pre- and posttraining, and questionnaires assessed barriers and facilitators. Twenty-two physical therapists participated. Nineteen participants (90%) strongly agreed/agreed that the training helped change their perspectives about goal setting in the school environment. There was a statistically significant difference in goal quality pre- and posttraining. Therapists identified barriers and facilitators to implementation of effective goal setting in practice. Results indicate that this method may be effective at improving goal writing that is relevant, context specific, and measurable in school settings.

Human-friendly control system design for two-wheeled service robot with optimal control approach

This paper proposes a novel control system design for a two-wheeled service robot that follows a person as an assistant without knowing the person’s destination. For this kind of service robot, the key skill is to realize human-friendly movement. However, appropriate motion always changed depending on the situation. For instance, when the robot is close and person turns toward it, it is important to suppress the robot’s acceleration. Likewise, if the person turns away from the robot, the robot should maintain its position within an appropriate area. Therefore, to deal with various required movements, our control system is able to change its properties automatically and suitably depending on the situation by using weights of the cost function in nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) as a function of the relative distance between the person and the robot. Unlike previous methods, our design includes only one controller. Consequently, we are able to take into account system stability. Moreover, owing to proposing in NMPC framework, it is easy to extend our method by adopting other recognition or goal-setting methods. We conducted simulations using actual human walking data taken by the robot’s laser range sensors. The experiments demonstrate that the robot can follow a person who performs U-turn, confirming that our method can produce human-friendly robot movement in a practical scene.

AGILE TRANSFORMATION OF APPROACHES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BUILDING PROJECTS OF THE INITIATION AND DESIGN PHASES

Models and methods of construction and implementation of integration of different approaches to the management of construction projects and programs are considered in the article. The current state of goal setting and definition of effective program implementation strategies with changes in the directions of development strategies in the environment, challenges, risks and opportunities are analysed. The sustainability of the development of construction projects in the face of rapid and critical changes of the external and internal environment can be ensured by effective models and methods of goal setting and achievement in the conditions of critical changes of the external and internal environment. To manage construction projects with the dynamics in mind and to adequately respond to and compensate for changes in the environment, the Infrastructure Manager predicts trends in the environment in the short and long term. The wording of the Agile Transformation mission is based on the concept of evaluating its value in the way it is presented by the customer, which will allow interested parties to communicate as efficiently as possible and, where appropriate, agree with the customer to modify and supplement the infrastructure program. The context analysis is considered as a methodology for comprehending and presenting a holistic picture of construction projects. This analysis is used to interpret the mission and strategy if the interacting multiple project values are expressed in abstract terms. Uncertainty of this type causes numerous losses and additional costs.

The ESP Translation Learning Mode in the Reform of College English Teaching

The Guidance to college English Teaching (2017, China) requires that English for specific purposes (ESP) should be added to college English teaching, with the purpose of enhancing Chinese college students' ability to use English for professional and academic communication and work, improving their academic and professional quality. Therefore, the ESP translation learning mode was designed to meet the need. A survey was held to check the effect of the mode, which shows that, based on the motivation theories, the subjects' motivations were enhanced in ESP translation learning mode. As students in different majors, their learning interests are also different. Therefore, there is a wide gap in their ESP, as well as a wide gap in the demand for ESP learning. If the same teaching content is adopted in the class, students in different majors will lose the motivation to learn. Therefore, students' individual and professional differences should be fully considered and respected in the aspects of goal setting, material use and evaluation methods so as to improve their English level on the original basis, to stimulate their interest and motivation in learning English, and to improve learning efficiency. In addition, the construction of English curriculum system for students in different majors should be strengthened, and various optional professional materials should be added. Students can choose appropriate materials according to their major development needs and interests. In a word, the current English teaching for students should not only continue to stimulate students' learning motivation, but also help students to turn learning motivation into positive learning behavior and put it into practice. ESP is the critical part of students' knowledge system. ESP translation learning mode can trigger students' motivation for language learning. In this way, the effect of English teaching for students will be significantly improved.