Field Observation Method Research Articles

Lessons learnt from community preparedness for Mount Merapi and Mount Marapi eruption disasters

Mount Merapi, located on the border of Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta, and Mount Marapi in West Sumatra are active volcanoes. Eruption activities will have positive and negative impacts on the surrounding environment. The eruptions of Marapi on December 3, 2023, and Merapi on March 4, 2024, caused severe damage to road infrastructure, buildings, bridges, and settlements and resulted in casualties. This article describes the experiences of communities after the eruption of the two volcanoes. This research uses a combination of literature review and field observation methods to analyze how communities in the Mount Merapi and Mount Marapi areas prepare for disasters. The results of this study show that to increase community resilience to volcanic disasters and flash floods triggered by Mount Merapi and Mount Marapi, collaboration between the government, disaster agencies, and local residents is essential. Measures that can be taken are proactive evacuation protocols, infrastructure development such as sabo dams, and continuous education to increase awareness and preparedness. Recommendations include more intensive cooperation, educational initiatives, and strategic relocation from high-risk zones to effectively protect vulnerable communities.

Intensity of Fall-Armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius) pest attacks on Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) plants in karst land

Agriculture is an important sector in global food needs. One of the plants that has high economic value in Indonesia is cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens). However, the productivity of cayenne pepper is often threatened by pest attacks, one of which is the fall-armyworm (Spodoptera litura), which can cause significant damage to plants. In karst areas such as Ponjong village, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, pest management challenges become more complex due to unique environmental conditions. Karst has calcareous soil and limited water availability, which affects interactions between plants and pests. This research aims to understand the intensity of fall-armyworm attacks on cayenne pepper in karst areas and the environmental factors that influence these attacks. Using survey and field observation methods, this research found that the intensity of pest attacks varied in each plot, with an average percentage of plants attacked at 15.71%. High temperature, humidity and karst soil characteristics create an environment conducive to the development of fall armyworms. Therefore, an effective and sustainable control strategy is needed to support cayenne pepper productivity in karst areas.

Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Karakter Peserta Didik di SMP Al-Ijtihad

This study aims to determine the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in instilling character values of students at Al-Ijtihad Junior High School. This study uses a type of field research. The data collection technique uses field observation, interview, and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis show that the role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in instilling the character values of students is always active in Al-Ijtihad Junior High School. The pie teacher always guides students to always have good speech, good manners to parents and teachers, students make a habit outside the classroom, namely when meeting the teacher to say greetings, speak well and politely, respect and kiss the teacher's hand. Furthermore, teachers also always invite students to instill the value of religious character in school, namely tadarus Al-Qur'an, dhuha prayer, hajat prayer and dzuhur prayer in congregation

Geological Condition Characterization and Coal Resource Estimation at the “KJG” Pit of PT Bukit Asam Tbk, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province

Abstract Coal is a conventional energy source found in tropical countries (e.g., Indonesia) with varying distribution and thickness in the South Sumatra Basin. However, the thickness of the coal seams was not evenly distributed. This affected the estimation of coal resources in the mining area of PT Bukit Asam Tbk in Tanjung Enim, Muara Enim Regency. We used field observation methods and borehole data analysis to determine the geological conditions and estimate the coal resources. The geological condition seems to indicate a claystone unit with tuffaceous sandstone interbeds and a sandstone unit with claystone interbeds. These two units might host coal seams (i.e., A1, A2, B1, B2, and C), where the coal seam thickness may determine increased towards the south and west in the study area. The coal resource estimation based on the SNI 5015: 2019 classification, under moderate geological conditions, can result in a total of 26.034.991 tonnes of measured resources, 25.209.688 tonnes of indicated resources, and 11.189.554 tonnes of inferred resources. Therefore, to ensure efficient coal mining in accordance with the measured reserves, the stripmining method may be used by the company.

Empowerment of Kelingan Hamlet Home Tofu Industry through Improving Production Quality and Utilizing Digital Technology

This study examines efforts to improve the quality and production of tofu in the home industry, as well as the use of technology for marketing of MSMEs. This study uses field observation, interview, and literature analysis methods to identify challenges and solutions in small-scale tofu production. The results of the study indicate that improving water quality, standardizing production processes, and utilizing digital technology for marketing can significantly improve product quality and market reach. In conclusion, the integration of appropriate technology and digital marketing strategies can be a catalyst for the development of the home tofu industry and MSMEs in general.

Pengurusan Surat Persetujuan Muat Barang Berbahaya di Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Kelas I Dumai pada PT. Sinar Maritim Anugerah Cabang Dumai

The purpose of this paper is to study the process of processing approval letters for loading dangerous goods and the obstacles at the Dumai Class I Harbormaster and Port Authority Office at PT. Sinar Maritim Anugerah Dumai Branch. In writing the paper the author used field observation methods (Field Research) and library methods (Library Research) related to the subject matter taken. In the ship agency, the company carries out activities to process permits for unloading dangerous goods. Processing the approval letter for loading dangerous goods goes through several stages starting from making an application letter for loading dangerous goods by the ship agent, paying Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) or PUP for one activity, completing the requirements attached to the application for permission to unload dangerous goods , permission to load dangerous goods from the loading port, B/L and manifest. Then hand it over to the administrative and administrative division for issuing permits for loading and unloading dangerous goods and then hand it over to the Head of Harbormaster and Port Authority (KSOP) for signing. The obstacles faced by companies in processing permits to load dangerous goods consist of obstacles from the company and at the harbormaster's office. On the other hand, in the process of processing permits to load dangerous goods, companies pay more attention to the accuracy of staff to avoid mistakes in completing the requirements for processing permits to load dangerous goods.

Construction of Legal Order in Traditional Villages under the Background of Rural Revitalization Strategy--Taking Qianmei Village of Shantou City as an Example

Since the new era, the construction of rural rule of law has gradually received more attention and attention. The construction of rural rule of law order is an important link to promote the construction of rural rule of law, and it is an inherent requirement to promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy from the track of rule of law. Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, traditional villages take cultural tourism development as a means of revitalization and development and introduce more subjects such as tourists into the field of rural development. The experience and deficiencies of rural governance and the construction of legal order are of more reference value. Taking Qianmei Village, Shantou City, Guangdong Province as an example, this study uses the research methods of questionnaire survey, interview survey, field observation and literature survey to explore the practical experience of traditional villages in promoting rural governance by industrial development and forming villagers' norms by village rules and people's conventions, and concludes that there are four problems in the construction of the rule of law in the process of unclear legislation, lack of confidence, lack of law popularization and insufficient guarantee mechanism. In the face of these problems, the author tries to improve the basic legal system and build the foundation of the legal order in rural areas. Improve the ability to practice the rule of law and establish the authority of the rule of law in rural areas; Improve grassroots legal services, based on the actual needs of rural areas; The overall idea of strengthening the publicity and education of the rule of law and innovating the publicity methods of the rule of law seeks to make the rule of law truly rooted in the rural land of Chinese society.

Implementasi Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an di TPQ Al-Anshary Kunciran Indah Pinang, Kota Tangerang

Learning is a process of improvement for everyone, especially teachers in guiding their students to gain maximum experience in achieving learning goals, both in learning the Koran. The purpose of writing is to describe the application of Al-Qur’an learning at TPQ Al-Anshary. This research method is qualitative, namely research in the field. Descriptive research in collecting information on the symptoms obtained. Data collection techniques use field observation methods, documentation and interviews. The results of the research are the implementation of Al-Qur’an Learning Methods at TPQ Al-Anshary following the directions implemented by the institution. The application of learning methods is carried out through several activity strategies, namely opening activities, core activities and closing activities. The opening activity begins with jointly reciting the Al-Fatihah letter and reciting Asamul Husna, as well as the core activity using the classical method, and finally the closing activity which ends with carrying out an evaluation of each individual student and ending with reading a prayer.

Preparation of Financial Reports for UMKM Zulfan Olshop Based on Excel for Accounting

This research aims to find out how the recording system created by Zulfan Olshop is and to assist in the process of preparing financial reports using Microsoft Excel for Accounting (EFA). This research uses field observation methods, interviews and a simple Excel system. The analysis method used is a qualitative descriptive approach. The output of the research is that MSMEs can have the ability to make financial reports using Microsoft Excel, where initially the Accountant still manually prepares financial reports, then they can use Microsoft Excel for Accounting (EFA) which adapts to EMKM's SAK. The preparation of financial reports using Microsoft Excel for Accounting (EFA) is made according to Zulfan Olshop's needs in the hope that it can help and provide positive results for his business in carrying out financial reports using Microsoft Excel for Accounting (EFA).

Utilization of IoT and database system of central warehouse project in the pharmaceutical industry

This study aims to develop an MRPII device that utilizes internet technology for inventory management control processes, using case studies from pharmacutical companies in Indonesia. The research was conducted using field observation methods and system development, then comparing the manual system and MRPII. An internet-based inventory management system was created by integrating the warehouse’s material database into each material code via a QR. code. The study found that implementing the MRP II system design increases work effectiveness and reduces the risk of errors that frequently occur in conventional systems. Moreover, using the MRPII can facilitate the audit process and establish transparency in the inventory management process. Data processed using IoT is generated faster and more accurately as company operations improve quality, reduce unnecessary activities, and make it easier to organize materials and run administrative and technical processes in inventory management; it is measured based on reach, workforce requirements, supply, and handling time. In the industrial world, the MRPII database system has the potential to evolve into several more complex and comprehensive systems. It has broad integration and can assist humans working across all lines, particularly in the data processing system.

A Study on Cultural Tourism Development in Historic Districts from the Viewpoint of Social Innovation

The rapid rise of the cultural tourism industry has benefited from the strategic promotion of the integration of culture and tourism, a process that plays an indispensable and important role in enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness of the local economy, the cultural industry and the image of the city. The core of the charm of the historic district lies in the living inheritance and presentation of culture, which not only meets the aesthetic needs of the modern society, but is also closely related to the profound humanistic and historical development of the historic district. This study takes Taipei Dadaocheng Dihua Street as the main research object, adopts literature exploration and field observation method to conduct the study, and employs graphical inductive analysis to discover the humanistic landscape of Dihua Street in which the old and the new are intertwined. And using the social innovation theory as the theoretical support, it discusses in depth the innovative development direction of the historical district from the point of view of cultural and tourism integration.

Characteristics Of Two Original Facades (Gable and Gunungan) Of Malabero Chinese Shop House In Bengkulu City

Building facades convey a period of culture at the time the building was built, as well as providing the identity of a cultural group or community. Building facades and anthropology became the impetus to find out the original characteristics of the two main facades in the row of Malabero Chinese shophouses on Jalan D. I. Panjaitan Bengkulu City. This research uses the field observation method to obtain data through photographs as well as information from the surrounding community, historians, and cultural experts in Bengkulu and Malabero Chinese Village, to get a link to the facade pattern with an emphasis on building facade elements (roof, walls and building openings) through variables of Chinese shophouse facade characteristics and shop house facade indicators. Malabero Bengkulu's Chinese shophouses are grouped within the Chinese settlement (Chinese Kamp) in front of Fort Marlborough, initially having two characteristics of Chinese shophouse building styles based on their facades. The alteration of the south side of the Malabero Chinese shophouses eliminated many of the original characteristics of the original facade of the Malabero Bengkulu Chinese shophouses (gable roof). As a result, many new characteristics of the shophouse facade elements have been replaced. The shape of the roof (gunungan), the removal of the balcony, and the shape of the building openings became the characteristics of the facade face of the south side Malabero Chinese shop house (gunungan roof). This change in the facade is in anticipation of the load being responsive to earthquakes.

Impact of forest fires in bromo national park: Analysis of the environment and recovery efforts

Background: Forest fires represent natural disasters that often stem from environmental conditions, including events like El Niño or extreme climatic situations. Rainfall, a crucial factor, plays a role in influencing extreme climate occurrences. In Indonesia, human activities predominantly contribute to forest fires, exacerbated by extreme climatic conditions. Areas with high potential for forest fires encompass conservation zones closely linked to human activities. An illustrative example is the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS), which serves both as a conservation and tourist area. The presence of human tourists or visitors in these conservation zones creates conditions conducive to forest fires, particularly when supported by extreme climatic conditions. Method: This study used field observation methods, satellite data analysis, and interviews with authorities and environmental experts. The data collected included the area affected, the plant types, and the environmental conditions after the fire. Findings: TNBTS experiences a specific rainfall pattern, with the lowest precipitation observed in May-Jun-Jul-Aug-Sept and the highest in Nov-Dec-Jan-Feb-Mar. During periods of low rainfall, TNBTS becomes susceptible to fires, necessitating preventative measures in the month leading up to the dry season. Initiating preventative actions at the onset of the dry season, notably in May, is crucial for controlling forest fires. Analyzing hotspot data of fire incidents from 2001 to 2020 reveals peak occurrences among other nationalities in 2001, 2014, and 2019. Identification based on data indicates that not all hotspots signify fire incidents; some result from heat emanating from Mount Semeru's crater at the TNBTS location. Conclusion: This article concludes the importance of cooperation between authorities, environmental organizations, and communities in forest fire prevention and recovery efforts in Bromo National Park. It emphasizes the need for increased preventive and responsive measures to protect similar conservation areas in the future. Novelty/Originality in this article: This study also offers a new perspective in the interpretation of hotspot data by distinguishing between forest fires and volcanic activity and identifying May as a critical period for initiating preventive action analysis based on long-term rainfall patterns.

Improving Ecotourism and Msmes Competence Through Ecotravel and Local Business Boost In Puhu Payangan Village, Gianyar

This study aims to identify the potential challenges faced by Puhu Village, Payangan District, and Gianyar Regency in efforts to develop a tourism-based economy and empower MSMEs in the local village. Puhu Village is one of the villages in Bali that has abundant natural and cultural wealth but has yet to be fully utilized optimally. This study uses a qualitative approach with field observation methods, in-depth interviews, and secondary data analysis to collect relevant information. The study results indicate that Puhu Village has great potential in developing nature-based tourism sectors, such as agrotourism and ecotourism, supported by natural beauty, local wisdom, and local traditions. However, several challenges must be overcome, including a lack of supporting infrastructure, minimal promotion, and low community participation in tourism activities. This study recommends improving infrastructure, training for local communities, and more effective MSME promotion strategies to support economic development in Puhu Village. With proper management, the potential of this village can be developed sustainably and provide economic benefits to the local community without ignoring aspects of environmental and cultural preservation.

Hazard Control Working at Height at PT Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk. Halim High-Speed Train Construction Project

PT Wijaya karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk. Halim High-Speed Train Project is a company engaged in construction, investment, and concessions. Engaged in the construction sector certainly has a high potential for danger and danger factors. One of them was an accident caused by working at a height. Therefore, it is important to control the danger of working at height to prevent and control the danger of height. This study uses field observation methods, literature studies, and interviews to determine how the hazard control program works at height. The hazard control program for working at height at PT Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk, Halim High-Speed Train Project has been by the regulation of the Minister of Manpower No. 9 of 2016, among others. Fit to work, toolbox meeting inspection, Scaffolding and Full Body Harness. At PT Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk, The halim high-speed train project has procedures related to the Control of work hazards at height, namely the height work safety procedure No. WIKA-BG-PDSMM-IK-26. PT Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk. Halim High-Speed Train Project, but there are still problems related to the lack of supervision of work safety equipment and lack of training for workers related to high-altitude work.

Strategi Peningkatan Pariwisata Sengon Hills melalui Pengembangan Fasilitas dan Promosi Wisata Berkelanjutan

The Strategy for Enhancing Tourism in Sengon Hills Through the Development of Facilities and Sustainable Tourism Promotion The real work lecture (KKN) activity in Girimulyo village, Girimulyo hamlet aims to improve the quality of Sengon Hill, which is a swimming pool tour in Girimulyo hamlet, through the development of facilities and sustainable tourism promotion. This KKN activity was carried out with the stages of field observation methods, interviews with BUMDes (Village-Owned Enterprises) administrators, discussions and documentation, this activity involved 10 KKN group members in Girimulyo hamlet. The result of this activity is the formation of a Sengon Edu Play ground which consists of playing while learning media in the form of snakes and ladders and puzzles. The next result is a website and tourist location plan which is one form of development of Sengon Hill tourism promotion that facilitates the spread of promotion in the form of Sengon Hill tourism information and attracts the attention of visitors in the form of visualization seen by tourists related to information from the website and unique tourist location plan.The making of Sengon Edu Play ground in Sengon Hill tourism aims to eliminate boredom in learning by learning while playing will be a solution to eliminate children's boredom in learning.

Analisis Sistem Jaringan Tata Air Pada Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut, Desa Telang Karya, P87S, Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan

The world's growing population is increasing the need for land, prompting the conversion of productive agricultural land into non-agricultural purposes. This has led to a shift in agricultural development to sub-optimal lands, such as tidal swamplands. However, several problems arise along the way, including water management. A good water management network is necessary for supporting efficient water use. This study aims to analyze the water system network on tidal swamps to support agricultural activities. The survey and field observation methods were used to collect data. The results showed that the water system in Telang Karya Village, P87S, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, experienced sedimentation in the tertiary channel. In channel 3, the thickness of sediment reached 72 cm, resulting in silting, which reduces water discharge. Field observations revealed that sedimentation occurs due to the channels being overgrown by wild plants. This hampers the water flow, causing it to slow down or even stop. In some tertiary channels, the watergate operation needs to be carried out optimally. Maintaining the ideal conditions of tertiary channels is crucial, and watergate operations should be performed based on the needs of the plants.

Estimation of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions in forest ecosystems using drone-based lidar, photogrammetry, and image recognition technologies

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), as a crucial component that impacts atmospheric chemistry and ecological interactions with various organisms, play a significant role in the atmosphere–ecosystem relationship. However, traditional field observation methods are challenging for accurately estimating BVOC emissions in forest ecosystems with high biodiversity, leading to significant uncertainty in quantifying these compounds. To address this issue, this research proposes a workflow utilizing drone-mounted lidar and photogrammetry technologies for identifying plant species to obtain accurate BVOC emission data. By applying this workflow to a typical subtropical forest plot, the following findings were made: the drone-mounted lidar and photogrammetry modules effectively segmented trees and acquired single wood structures and images of each tree. Image recognition technology enabled relatively accurate identification of tree species, with the highest-frequency family being Euphorbiaceae. The largest cumulative isoprene emissions in the study plot were from the Myrtaceae family, while those of monoterpenes were from the Rubiaceae family. To fully leverage the estimation results of BVOC emissions directly from individual tree levels, it may be necessary for communities to establish more comprehensive tree species emission databases and models.

Bridging Local Wisdom and Modernity: Swamp Buffalo Cultivation in Tampakang Village as a Model of Nature Conservation and Sustainable Community Welfare

This journal explores how swamp buffalo cultivation in Tampakang Village, South Kalimantan, is a model for integrating local wisdom and modernity in achieving sustainable development. Through a qualitative descriptive analysis approach, this study reveals the important role of swamp buffalo in maintaining the balance of wetland ecosystems and as a source of livelihood for local communities. By utilizing field observation methods, in-depth interviews, and literature studies, it was found that local wisdom in swamp buffalo cultivation not only preserves local traditions and culture but also provides economic benefits through ecotourism. In addition, challenges in providing feed during the rainy season and limited knowledge of farmers were identified as obstacles that needed to be overcome. However, the opportunity to develop swamp buffalo tourism can improve community welfare through job creation and income increase. This research provides practical recommendations to conserve swamp buffalo cultivation and maximize its potential as a source of sustainable community welfare.

Artistic mathematical analysis of the influence of modern urban architecture and lighting on human visual information transmission

AIMS: In order to implement the relevant laws, regulations and technical policies of national urban planning and environmental protection, and meet people’s living and human health, since the 21st century, various countries have adopted various methods to improve the urban ecological environment in varying degrees. The influence of the environment on people is first through the human visual response to the brain, so that the human brain can respond quickly and affect their human health. However, human modernization has brought many serious adverse factors to mankind. We must attach great importance to it. METHODS: Using the methods of field investigation, mathematical analysis and observation, and using artistic mathematical methods from the perspective of visual communication, the effects of these factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The analysis results show that more than 80% of people believe that the stronger the artistry of urban environment, the better human health and the longer life span. Only 10% of people are indifferent to the artistry of urban environment. 10% thought it was OK to have a place to live. CONCLUSION: 85% of people require that the urban environment should first have artistic beauty. Human beings must consider the artistry of the urban environment as much as possible in the process of urban modernization. The stronger the artistry of the environment, the more beautiful the modern environment will be. With a beautiful environment, human beings will live longer and longer. Effective measures must be taken to avoid excessive confusion in the construction and layout of cities.