Empirical Research Methods Research Articles

Study on the Impact of Utilizing ChatGPT and Other AI Tools for Feedback in EAP Writing Classrooms on the Discursive Writing Performance of English Major Students

This study aims to delve into the impact of utilizing ChatGPT and other AI tools on the discourse writing performance of English major students, as well as to explore their potential value and future prospects in the field of English education. With the continuous development and application of artificial intelligence technology, AI tools have gradually demonstrated their unique advantages and potential in language learning and writing instruction. However, for English major students, how to effectively utilize these technological tools to enhance their discourse writing abilities remains a subject of considerable interest. In the field of language learning, AI technology has made significant strides in vocabulary acquisition, grammar correction, and discourse generation. ChatGPT, as a natural language generation model, possesses strong language comprehension and generation capabilities and is widely used in dialogue generation, text generation, and other areas. In English education, ChatGPT can provide personalized writing guidance and feedback to students, helping them clarify their thoughts and improve their expression skills. Additionally, other AI tools such as speech recognition technology and text-to-speech technology offer more possibilities for students' English learning and writing. However, despite the numerous advantages demonstrated by AI tools in discourse writing instruction for English major students, their application also faces challenges and limitations. For instance, AI tools still have limitations in understanding academic language and specialized terminology, and they cannot fully replace human professional judgment and language application abilities. Furthermore, the widespread adoption and use of AI tools require addressing technical challenges and adaptation issues in teaching practice to ensure their effective application in education. In conclusion, this study will comprehensively explore the actual effects and potential value of AI tools in discourse writing instruction for English major students through a combination of literature review and empirical research methods, providing new insights and guidance for teaching practice and future research endeavors.

Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Politik Para Pemilih Pemula Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 Pada Warga Surabaya

The 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia (UUD NRI 1945) Article 1 paragraph (2), states that sovereignty is in the hands of the people, which means that the Indonesian is a democratic country based on the constitution, because in paragraph (3) it is also said that Indonesia is a legal state. This popular sovereignty, especially in the political field, means that the people vote or elect their representatives to manage he government through general elections. It is reaffovured in article 1 paragraph (3) and article 2 paragraph (1) that MPR< DPR and DPRD are elected through general elections. Likewise in article 27 paragraph (2), article 28 paragraph (1), article 28 E paragraph (2) and article 28 I paragraph (5). Therefore, thus research uses empirical juridical research methods, because it is related to legal awareness among citizens, especaily regarding the use of voting rights in general elections as an effort to uncrease the number of votes in the upcoming 2024 general elections. Especailly for residents in one of the community unit in Klampisngasem sub-district, Sukolilo sub-district, Surabaya. The increasing number of prospective first-time voters since 2020 requires socializations regarding understands of voting rights so that citizens have legal awareness regarding voting rights as regulated in the 1945 NRI Constitution. This outreach s an effort to increase the number of first-time voters among citizens in the 2024 general elections. Increasing the number of first-time voters shows that the process of implementing the principles of democracy in Indonesia is in accordance with the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

Implementation Of Regional Trade Agreements In North Sumatra From The Perspective Of Positive Law And Islamic Law (Analysis Of The Advantages Of North Sumatra Regional Products

<table width="861" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="549"><p><em><em>Law is a rule that applies among society which contains orders and prohibitions, norms, sanctions relating to human life and life which are of course integrated with nature, and not only internally (nationally) but also regionally and even internationally since entry into force of international agreements in Indonesia. Local wisdom is a support for the strength of a region, especially North Sumatra, to organize neatly the consequences of the implementation of regional trade agreements in Indonesia. So, this presentation examines the Afta-China regional trade structuring model through strengthening local wisdom in North Sumatra, while also aiming to provide solutions to the Indonesian people, especially the people of North Sumatra, that in terms of regional trade structuring offered in this presentation, it is organized through linkages. local wisdom. This means that with the strength of local wisdom possessed by a region, it can be competitive in regional circles. Therefore, the method used in this paper is an empirical juridical research method which not only analyzes data based on policies, but the research team also conducted interviews with parties related to the research theme in this presentation, which is categorized as agricultural sources as staple food producers. . The aim is to study the implications of regional agreements from the perspective of positive law and Islamic law, especially in North Sumatra</em></em></p></td></tr></tbody></table>

The Legality of Digitalization of Marriage Dispensation in Religious Courts: A Legal Perspective

The implementation of the Marriage Law in Indonesia has led to a notable surge in Marriage Dispensation requests, particularly observed at the Bondowoso Religious Court. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of the Marriage Dispensation Integration System (SIDIKA) application at the Bondowoso Religious Court through empirical juridical research methods. Analyzing data from 2019 to 2022, a significant reduction in Marriage Dispensation requests post-SIDIKA implementation is evident, with cases dropping from 299 in 2019 to 718 in 2022. This suggests a successful utilization of SIDIKA in streamlining dispensation processes. The implications underscore the potential for digitalization to enhance efficiency and accessibility in legal procedures concerning marriage dispensation, offering insights for broader adoption in similar contexts globally.
 Highlights:
 
 The surge in Marriage Dispensation requests post-Marriage Law enactment.
 Drastic reduction in Dispensation requests following SIDIKA implementation.
 Implications of digitalization for legal procedures and court efficiency.
 
 Keywords: SIDIKA, Religious Court, Marriage Law

Management of an international company: Directions and principles of corporate social policy

Aim. To identify the main directions and peculiarities of formation, development of modern corporate social policy (CSP) of leading international companies.Objectives. To characterize the priority directions and principles of CSR on management of an international company; to define the principles of corporate social responsibility of an international organization.Methods. The authors used empirical and analytical methods of research, analyzed the effective- ness of CSR, the level of development of intra-company labor relations on the example of the activities of Apple.Results. The social policy of an international firm is an important component of its business strategy, which allows it to strengthen its reputation and increase competitiveness in the global market. Intra-firm labor relations are one of the important elements of the social policy of the company of leading international corporations. They strive to create conditions for the maximum development of employees’ potential, providing them with equal opportunities and fair remuneration for labor.Conclusions. CSR initiatives have evolved today from a voluntary choice of individual companies into comprehensive strategies, mandatory rules at regional, national and international levels. Many international companies prefer to go beyond legal requirements and incorporate the idea of “doing good” into their business development models.

PROBLEMATIKA PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KONSUMEN PAKAIAN BEKAS

PROBLEMATIKA PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KONSUMEN PAKAIAN BEKAS

Assessment of the Higher Education System as a Structural Component of the Region's Staffing

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that at present, in the conditions of the economic crisis, a shortage of highly qualified and professional personnel is becoming noticeable, which is caused by the unstable situation in the regions, trends in rapidly changing working conditions. It becomes clear that for a stable socio-economic system, regions and organizations within it need to be prepared for structural changes. The purpose of the study is to assess the higher education system as a structural component of the staffing of the region. Objectives: to analyze the dynamics of registered and liquidated organizations; to identify the ratio of indicators of the total population and the economically active population; to consider the per capita indicators of monetary incomes of the population of the Kursk region; to investigate the number of students enrolled in bachelor's, specialty and master's degree programs; to systematize the list of educational institutions of higher education located in the Kursk region; to present the disproportions of demand and supply of human resources by types of economic activity and in the professional and qualification context. Methodology. This article uses empirical research methods in the study and analysis of statistical data. Results. In the course of the study, the analysis of the current state of the higher education system as a structure-forming component of the staffing of the region was carried out, the disproportions of demand and supply of human resources by types of economic activity and in the professional and qualification context were revealed. Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the problem of supply and demand in the labor market is currently acute, since the development of the region's economy depends on the solution of personnel issues. One of the possible solutions to the personnel "hunger" within organizations can be step-by-step cooperation with universities and students of the desired field of training: internships, internships, round tables, business games and other methods of interaction between educational organizations and partner organizations.

Pedagogical Technologies and Cognitive Development in Secondary Education

Abstract Introduction The model for implementing pedagogical technologies to the develop cognitive processes of secondary education students is highly significant in the present era. Objectives The purpose of the study is to substantiate and practically test some pedagogical technologies used in the process of secondary education. Methods To investigate this issue in more detail, theoretical research methods were used, namely: analysis, generalisation, synthesis, structural and functional methods, and empirical research methods such as testing, survey, and experiment. Results The main result of the study is the proof of the fact that pedagogical technologies for the development of cognitive abilities in students affect their success in learning and their level of productivity. Discussion The experimental part of the study showed that it is necessary to introduce such teaching methods as game techniques “In search of the truth,” “Perceive the date,” “Naughty numbers,” and “Black Box” in the development of chronological knowledge in history lessons, since the use of such techniques at any age contributes to the development of stable associative connections, as opposed to direct memorisation. Moreover, such training promotes the development of imagination, logical thinking of students, and memorisation mechanisms and effectively affects the development of cognitive abilities of the individual. The practical significance of this study is that all the materials can be used in educational institutions by teachers, students, and other researchers.

Regional Regulation Problems in the Field of Salt Industry Development Perspective of Farmers in Sampang Regency

Sampang is an area that has the largest salt field in Madura. But the existence of abundant salt fields does not make it a developed region. Sampang has consistently been a disadvantaged area. Thus, predictably, there are various problems regarding salt in Sampang. This issue needs to be studied, especially on legal issues that hinder the development of the salt industry in Sampang. To answer this problem, empirical legal research methods are used to explore and identify legal problems that occur in the field related to salt issues. The results and discussion in this study revealed that there are at least three main problems that hinder the progress of the salt industry perspective of salt farmers in Sampang Regency. The three main problems are the absence of regional regulations on aquaculture, the absence of regional policies that support salt pricing that benefits farmers, and the absence of policies on the implementation of regional duties in the field of providing facilities and infrastructure that support the development of the salt industry in Sampang Regency.

Visual Analysis of Dynamic Assessment Research Based on CiteSpace (1990–2022)

Abstract This study uses CiteSpace to map the scientometric analysis of dynamic assessment (DA) research in the Web of Science core collection from 1990 to 2022 in the areas of psychology, education and language learning. Firstly, the study found that DA was initially employed in the fields of psychology and special education, and has been gaining attention from second language acquisition researchers in recent years. And Vygotsky, the representative figure of sociolcultural theory, has the highest influence, and Budoff has the greatest degree as a bridge. Secondly, five research topics are found through keyword clustering, which are early identification, group dynamic assessment, short-term progress monitoring, computerized dynamic assessment and teacher education. At the same time, the analysis of burst reference shows that the computerized dynamic assessment will be the trend in the future, and dynamic assessment of second language tends to use mixed research method. Through a review of previous studies, this paper explores the paradigms and methods of empirical research in DA, hoping to provide new alternatives for future research.

THE URGENCY OF QANUN TO IMPLEMENT BIREUEN AS A SANTRI CITY

Bireuen Regent's Decree Number 553 of 2020 designated Bireuen as a Santri City. As a Santri City, the behavior and conduct of the community is expected to reflect the objectives of this establishment, namely as a center for Islamic education, a model of Dayah education, and an Islamic reference center in Aceh. Apart from that, the aim of this determination is to make the people of Bireuen individuals who have good morals, are religious, and love science, as well as to ensure that the Bireuen region, especially Aceh in general, becomes a just and prosperous area. Apart from that, a road map for Bireuen as a Santri City in Aceh needs to be drawn up. Until now, Bireuen district does not yet have a Regional Regulation that regulates the implementation of Bireuen as a Santri City. Therefore, the urgency of qanun regarding the implementation of Bireuen as a Santri City in Bireuen district is a problem in this research. This research uses empirical legal research methods with a qualitative approach. Even though the government has issued a policy through Decree of the Regent of Bireuen Number 774 of 2021 concerning the Determination of the Study of Baksul Masail Khasanah Bireuen Santri City and Circular Letter Number 451/975/2020 concerning the Implementation of Bireuen as a Santri City, the implementation has not gone as expected. The implementation of Bireuen as a Santri City will not be optimal if only a few aspects of community life are regulated. Therefore, to achieve this goal, regulations are needed that regulate every aspect of the diverse social life of the community, so that they can become a supporting pillar in the implementation policy of Bireuen as a Santri City. With the existence of Qanun, technical and administrative needs related to this matter can be implemented optimally.

Most common obstacles to the quality of life of older adults in the home environment: descriptive research

Abstract Aim. The purpose of the research was to fi nd out what obstacles impede the provision of a quality of life in the home environment. Material and methods. A quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental method of empirical research was used. The measurement instrument employed was a questionnaire that was completed by 110 older adults who live at home and need help with daily life activities. A non-random, convenience sample was used. The obtained data were analysed with descriptive statistics, using normal distribution and non-parametric tests. Results. The assessment of quality of life is statistically diff erent depending on income (p = 0.001) and independent performance of daily life activities (p = 0.001). There is a statistically signifi cant association between the factors infl uencing the refusal of help by informal caregivers and family status (p = 0.032). Conclusions. Research shows that the quality of life of older adults depends on the level of income and independent performance of daily life activities. For them, the feeling of burdening others is an obstacle to a quality stay in their home environment. In further research, it would be sensible to cover the issue of integrated long-term care and include providers and users of this type of assistance.

Implementation of STEM education in the framework of the New Ukrainian School reform

Relevance. The research relevance is determined by the need to develop STEM education, which is envisaged by the Ukrainian government for the period up to 2027. STEM approaches are only partially implemented in Ukrainian educational institutions, mainly in out-of-school educational institutions.Purpose. The study aims to examine the problems and the need to consider the role of STEM education technology in the process of implementing the New Ukrainian School reform at the stages of primary and senior specialised schools.Methodology. Theoretical methods were used in the study, including analysis and synthesis, methods of generalisation, comparison and forecasting of the innovative educational process. As empirical research methods, a survey of schoolteachers in the field of STEM education was conducted.Results. The study examines the promising areas of STEM education in the system of basic and senior specialised educational institutions. The advantages of using STEM-oriented educational programmes are outlined and the prevailing competencies for the teaching staff of the educational process are identified. The interdisciplinary connections in the implementation of STEM tasks and projects by students in various subjects were investigated. In the context of scientific work, the state of scientific and methodological support for the implementation of this technology in modern educational institutions was identified, the directions of implementation were investigated, and methods for designing STEM education into the general secondary education system were substantiated.Conclusions. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the obtained results in writing manuals and publishing textbooks in the direction of developing the STEM education ecosystem, and training specialists in the field of robotics in the process of teaching STEM subjects.

Criminal Law Enforcement Against Illegal Sand Mining in the Disaster-Prone Area of the Merapi Mountain Special Region of Yogyakarta

<div><p class="abstract"><span>This study aims to identify and analyze the efforts of police investigators and civil servant investigators in enforcing criminal law against illegal sand mining in the Mount Merapi Disaster-Prone Area, Yogyakarta Special Region. This study also aims to analyze and direct the possibility of criminal law regulation against illegal sand mining in the future. This study employed normative empirical research method, research that uses primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained by interview and documentation, while secondary data were obtained from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The obtained data were analyzed using a legal approach and a conceptual approach. The following are the findings of this research. First, the Criminal Procedure Code formally guides the enforcement of criminal law by policy investigators and civil servant investigators against illegal sand mining, while Law No.4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining formally guides the enforcement of criminal law by police investigators and civil servant investigators against illegal sand mining. Second, in Chapter XXIII Articles 158-165 of Law No.4 of 2009 regulating Mineral and Coal Mining, criminal laws connected to mining without a permit or illegally are specified. However, the existing provisions require a review related to criminalization, the criminal responsibility system, the pattern of types of criminal sanctions, the pattern of the duration of the crime, and the pattern of criminal formulation, which must synergize with the purpose of punishment. Thus, criminal law enforcement in the mining sector in the future can run effectively.</span></p></div>

Electronic Court (e-court) at the Sarolangun Religious Court

This research aims to analyze the E-Court justice system at the Sarolangun Religious Court, using empirical juridical research methods, which prioritize field data as main data and library materials as supporting data. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews and literature studies of the data needed in the analysis process. The results of this research are a description of the implementation of the E-Court system at the Sarolangun Religious Court and an analysis of inhibiting factors and opportunities for its development. From the description of the discussion, it can be concluded that the implementation of the system is not yet fully effective and is less popular with users, this is because the understanding of the e-court system is not yet fully understood by users. And it is constrained by application systems that use the internet network, so network factors also influence the e-court system process.

How the e-commerce environment affects the economic development of traditional enterprises: Taking business innovation as an example

With the proliferation of e-commerce, traditional enterprises have increasingly resorted to it for more business opportunities and market share. However, this environment has presented some challenges and confusion to these enterprises. The present study aims to investigate the impact of the e-commerce environment on the economic development of traditional enterprises. The study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of this novel environment. The study employs empirical research methods, including a series of case analyses and data research, to demonstrate how the e-commerce environment affects the economic development of traditional enterprises. The findings reveal that e-commerce can help traditional enterprises broaden their market, improve their brand influence, achieve diversification, and better adapt to changes in market demand. Nevertheless, these enterprises face challenges in mastering e-commerce technology and channels, brand positioning, and image adjustment during the transformation process. The study’s conclusion is of significant reference value for traditional enterprises seeking economic development in the e-commerce environment.

The effect of using the Raft strategy in teaching writing skills to middle school students

This practice represents an interactive co-evaluation activity among students, involving such elements as motivation, cooperation and collaborative work. It promotes meaningful learning experiences in a competitive environment. The goal of this activity is to examine topics which are explored during the semester through games that are created by students, as well as to promote holistic development and diversity through the investigation of a wide range of global cultures. Further, the activity seeks to enhance the internationalization of the pedagogic model that guides our collective educational philosophy. An empirical method of research is adopted in the current study which is based on observing students during an activity. Since the activity enhances students’ creativity for a better contextualization of the country to be presented. It replaces the traditional way of testing (the written tests) and gives the students the opportunity to see the level of the acquired learning in an interactive and fun context

Serving customers through chatbots: positive and negative effects on customer experience

PurposeService research offering a view of both the dark and bright sides of smart technology remains scarce. This paper embraces a critical perspective and examines the conflicting outcomes of smart services on the customer experience (CX), with a specific focus on chatbots.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses empirical research methods to examine a single case study where an online retail service provider implemented a chatbot for customer service. Using discourse analysis, we analysed 7,167 conversations between customers and the chatbot over a two-year period.FindingsThe analysis identifies seven general themes related to the effects of the chatbot on CX: interaction quality, information gathering, procedure literacy, task achievement, digital trust, shopping stress and shopping journey. We illuminate both positive (i.e. having a pleasant interaction, providing information, knowing procedures, improving tasks, increasing trust, reducing stress and completing the journey) and negative outcomes (i.e. having an unpleasant interaction, increasing confusion, ignoring procedures, worsening tasks, reducing trust, increasing stress and abandoning the journey).Originality/valueThe paper develops a comprehensive framework to offer a clearer view of chatbots as smart services in customer care. It delves into the conflicting effects of chatbots on CX by examining them through relational, cognitive, affective and behavioural dimensions.

Advance selling strategy of fresh products under two contracts

PurposeThis paper analyzes the advance selling and pricing strategies of fresh products supply chain where the e-retailer provides wholesale contract or agency contract to the fresh products supplier.Design/methodology/approachThis paper constructed a two-period sequential-move game of fresh products supply chain members.FindingsThis analysis showed that the supply chain members had different preferences for contracts under different market conditions. The advance selling of fresh products was not a decision of the seller, but also required the support of other supply chain members. And the advance selling strategy was not always beneficial to all supply chain parties. Under the two contracts, there were market conditions in which the profits of supply chain members were Pareto-improved through the implementation of advance selling.Research limitations/implicationsThe model presented in this study focuses solely on the context of monopoly, overlooking the competition from alternative suppliers or retailers. Consequently, exploring the competitive landscape within the fresh products supply chain, particularly in relation to pre-sale pricing, emerges as a crucial avenue for further investigation. By employing empirical research methods, valuable insights are gleaned, thereby significantly augmenting the existing body of relevant theories.Practical implicationsThe decision to pre-sell fresh products should be based on market conditions. Supply chain members can control production costs and fresh products circulation losses to maximize profits.Originality/valueFrom the perspective of game theory, this study analyzed the optimal advance selling and pricing strategies of fresh products supply chain members under two kinds of contracts. These results can provide practical implications for fresh products suppliers and e-retailers.

Global trends in the development of a sustainable bioeconomy for rural growth in Ukraine

Growing global environmental problems are forcing humanity to think about transforming the basic principles of doing business, as the traditional economic order leads to an increase in the volume of pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, excessive depletion of the main types of fossil fuels, and considerable accumulation of industrial and household waste. In these circumstances, the alternative is to use low-carbon energy sources, which will minimise destructive environmental impacts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of bioeconomic activity and practical recommendations for the development of a sustainable bioeconomy in Ukraine. To fulfil this purpose, the study employed general scientific and special methods of theoretical and empirical research, specifically, at the theoretical level, the methods of theoretical generalisation, abstract-logical, hypothetical, historical, methods of ascent from the abstract to the concrete, etc. The empirical level includes comparative, descriptive, SWOT strategic analysis, graphs, and tables. Using the methods outlined in the historical retrospective study, the study monitored the volume of greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions into the atmosphere due to the considerable use of fossil fuels, which provokes an increase in global environmental problems in society. Under these conditions, sustainable economic activity is gaining popularity, allowing for the production of renewable energy from renewable resources, agricultural, forestry and fishery residues, as well as organic industrial and household waste. The study outlined foreign practices and Ukrainian initiatives to promote bioeconomic activity, considering the country’s natural resource and intellectual potential, as well as financial national support for the bioindustry. Considering the findings of the study, the strengths and weaknesses of the sustainable bioeconomy were systematised using SWOT analysis, key threats to its formation in Ukraine were foreseen, and constructive opportunities for its development were identified. The practical value of this study lies in the scientific substantiation of proposals for promising strategic guidelines for the development of a sustainable bioeconomy with strengthening its capabilities and finding ways to minimise the destructive impact of key threats